Line coding and decoding
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LINE CODING AND
DECODING TRAINER KIT
USER MANUAL
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1
Line coding and decoding
Binary data can be transmitted using a number of different types of pulses. The choice of a particular pair of
pulses to represent the symbols 1 and 0 is called Line Coding
The above kit contains:-
● Data Bits: 8 bit unipolar NRZ Variable Data with sliding switch selection
● Different types of coding technique.
● Unipolar RZ coding and decoding
● Polar RZ coding and decoding
● Polar NRZ coding and decoding
● AMI coding and decoding
● Manchester coding and decoding
● Power Supply: +12V,-12V and +5V with 1000mA regulated DC supply with on board LED
indication.
● Connections: 2mm Banana socket.
● Various Test points are provided on board.
NOTE:- Initially CRO trace line should be set for exact zero position.
Following experiments we can conduct using above kit:-
1. To study 8 bit variable unipolar NRZ data generation using 8 sliding switches.
2
Line coding and decoding
Sliding switch is connected to 8 bit parallel to serial shift register and we can see the serial data in TP7 and
TP8
In unipolar NRZ signaling duration of mark pulse is equal to the duration of the symbol slot.
2. To study Unipolar NRZ to Polar RZ waveform conversion and vice versa.
In polar signaling a binary 1 is represented by a pulse g1(t) and a binary 0 by the opposite (or antipodal)
pulse g0(t) = -g1(t). Polar signaling also has NRZ and RZ forms.
Modulation:
3
Line coding and decoding
Demodulation:
3. To study Unipolar NRZ to Unipolar RZ waveform conversion and vice versa.
Unipolar Return to Zero (RZ): In unipolar RZ the duration of the MARK pulse (Ƭ ) is less than the duration
(To) of the symbol slot. Typically RZ pulses fill only the first half of the time slot, returning to zero for the
second half.
Modulation:
4
Line coding and decoding
Demodulation:
4. To study Unipolar NRZ to Polar NRZ waveform conversion and vice versa.
Polar Non-Return to Zero (NRZ): In polar signaling a binary 1 is represented by a pulse g1(t) and a binary 0
by the opposite (or antipodal) pulse g0(t) = -g1(t). Polar signaling also has NRZ and RZ forms.
Modulation:
5
Line coding and decoding
Demodulation:
5. To study Unipolar NRZ to Manchester coding waveform conversion and vice versa.
In Manchester encoding, the duration of the bit is divided into two halves. The voltage remains at one level
during the first half and moves to the other level during the second half. A ‘One’ is + in 1st half and - in 2nd
half. A ‘Zero’ is - in 1st half and + in 2nd half.
6
Line coding and decoding
Modulation:
Demodulation:
6. To study Unipolar NRZ to AMI(alternate mark inversion) coding waveform conversion and
vice versa.
Bipolar Signaling is also called “alternate mark inversion” (AMI) uses three voltage levels (+V, 0, -V) to
represent two binary symbols. Zeros, as in unipolar, are represented by the absence of a pulse and ones (or
marks) are represented by alternating voltage levels of +V and –V.
7
Line coding and decoding
Modulation:
Demodulation:
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