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Paris Agreement (2015)

The Paris Agreement is a significant international treaty aimed at combating climate change, adopted in 2015 and effective from 2016, with the main goal of limiting global warming to below 2°C. It involves over 195 countries, each setting their own climate goals, and emphasizes transparency and accountability without legal penalties for non-compliance. Key components include mitigation, adaptation, finance, and a commitment from developed nations to support developing countries with $100 billion annually.

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Vettri Cezhiyan
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55 views2 pages

Paris Agreement (2015)

The Paris Agreement is a significant international treaty aimed at combating climate change, adopted in 2015 and effective from 2016, with the main goal of limiting global warming to below 2°C. It involves over 195 countries, each setting their own climate goals, and emphasizes transparency and accountability without legal penalties for non-compliance. Key components include mitigation, adaptation, finance, and a commitment from developed nations to support developing countries with $100 billion annually.

Uploaded by

Vettri Cezhiyan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Paris Agreement (2015) – Summary

The Paris Agreement is a landmark international treaty on climate change adopted at the UN
Climate Change Conference (COP21) in Paris on December 12, 2015. It came into force on
November 4, 2016.

🎯 Main Goal

Limit global warming to well below 2°C, preferably to 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels.

📌 Key Features of the Paris Agreement

Feature Description

195+ countries signed; over 190 ratified, including major emitters like
Global Participation
China, USA, EU, and India.

Nationally Determined Each country sets its own climate goals (emission reductions, adaptation
Contributions (NDCs) actions) and updates them every 5 years.

The agreement is legally binding, but countries are not penalized for
No Legal Penalties
failing to meet targets—focus is on transparency and accountability.

Countries must monitor, report, and verify progress toward their targets
Transparency Framework
using common guidelines.

Developed countries pledged to mobilize $100 billion per year by 2020 to


Climate Finance
help developing countries mitigate and adapt to climate change.

Achieve net-zero greenhouse gas emissions in the second half of this


Long-term Vision
century (i.e., carbon neutrality).

🌐 Major Components

1. Mitigation

 Reduce GHG emissions through clean energy, efficiency, and technology.


 Peak emissions as soon as possible and achieve carbon neutrality.
2. Adaptation

 Build climate-resilient infrastructure.


 Support vulnerable countries in managing climate risks (floods, droughts, storms).

3. Finance

 Developed countries support developing nations with financial and technical assistance.

4. Transparency and Accountability

 Regular reporting and review of national actions (Enhanced Transparency Framework).

🇮🇳 India’s Commitments (updated NDCs)

 Reduce emissions intensity of GDP by 45% by 2030 (from 2005 levels).


 Achieve 50% cumulative power installed capacity from non-fossil sources by 2030.
 Increase forest and tree cover to absorb 2.5–3 billion tonnes of CO₂.

✅ Importance of the Paris Agreement

 First truly universal climate agreement.


 Shifts focus to climate action by all countries, not just developed ones.
 Drives innovation, climate finance, and cooperation globally.

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