Science

Answer Key
 Crop Production- 1
I. (a) Read the given passage and answer the following questions.
a) Beginning of the monsoon season. b) Rice, Soyabean , groundnut
c) Rabi crop d) Wheat , gram, pea, mustard
e) a) September-October b) March-April
(b) Read the given passage and answer the following questions.
a) The science which deals with breeding, feeding and caring of domestic animals.
b) Rearing and breeding of poultry for eggs and meat.
c) Production of fish on a large scale by farming fish.
d) Butter, cheese, curd , ghee
e) Cow, buffalo , goat , camel
II. Multiple Choice Questions :
1. (c) Gram 2. (c) Insecticides 3.(d) Wheat 4. (a) Threshing

5. (c) gram 6. (d) all of these 7.(a) leveller 8. (c) Sheep

9. (d) Hoe 10.(d) all of these 11.(b) Soil plank

12 (c) irrigation 13. (d) all of these

14.(c) paddy 15. (a) Blackrat of mustared
16.(c) It prevents soil erosion
17.(c) All of these 18. (d) Ploughing
III. Fill in the blanks.
1. Hoe, trowel 2. Paddy(rice) 3. Sickle
4. Nutrients, humus 5. Cereals 6. Ploughing, levelling
7. Drill 8. Ammonification 9. milk
10. Apiculture
IV. (a) Identify the given pictures.
1) 1. Harrow 2. Combine 3. Grape hoe 4. Sickle
(b) Name the Different methods of irrigation.
1. Sprinkler system 2. Drip irrigation 3. Dhekli 4. Tube-well
V. Match the following:
1) Horticulture Fruit
2) Fibre crop Jute
3) Oil seed Coconut
4) Cereal crop Wheat
 5) Pulses Beans
6) Kharif crop Maize
7) Rabi Crop Mustard
VI. Answer the following questions in not more than four lines.
1) 1) Allows easy and deeper penetration of the roots.
2) Improves circulation of air in the soil.
3) Improves retention of water in the soil.
2) Mechanical methods- weeds are removed by implements like harrow, trowel.
Biological method- Natural enemies of weeds are released in the field which are destroy the
weeds only.
3) 1) Select good variety of seeds which are resistant to diseases.
2) Protection from weeds and pests.
3) Proper modern implements and practice.
4) It damages the crops-
1) Cut off oxygen supply to the roots.
2) Increases the amount of salt that reduces soil fertility.
Prevention- Proper drainage system and soil well-aerated when too much water is given to the
crop, it accumulates around the roots. This is called waterlogging.
5) 1) Field fallow
2) Crop rotation
3) Mixed Cropping
VII. Higher Order Thinking skill Questions.
1) To wash off the excess fertilisers or pesticides sprayed on them.
2) Accumulation of chemical in the top most organism of the trophic level or food chain.
3) Effect of new fertilizer is more on the growth of the crop as compare to the old fertilizer.
4) Use Natural method for manuring – i) Field fallow ii) Crop rotation
5) .
Weedicide Fertilizer Pesticide
2,4 – D Urea D.D.T
Butachlor NPK Malathion

VIII. Solve the crossword puzzle with the help of clue given below.
Across Down
7. AGRICULTURE 1. BLAST
8. RABI 2. IRRIGATION
9. HOE 3. CROPS
 10. COMPOST 4. TILLING
11. COMBINE 5. KHARTF
6. UREA

Microorganisms- 2
I. (a) Read the given passage and answer the following questions.
a) Bacilli, Cocai, Vibrio ,Spirilla
b) 0.2 to 100 microns
c) Comma shaped
d) Aerobic – need O2 for growth, anaerobic – survive without oxygen.
e) Binary fission

(b) Read the given passage and answer the following questions.
a) Ability of one’s body resist a disease.
b) Vaccination
c) Protect one’s body against future infections of same microbe.
d) Cholera, small pox, polio.
e) Antigen
II. Multiple Choice Questions :
1) (a) Virus 2)(a) Protozoa 3) (c) algae
4) (b) bacteria 5) (c) protozoa 6) (d) Anton Von Leeuwenhoek
7) (a) Antibodies 8) (b) shape 9) (c) citrus canker
10) (b) benzoic acid 11) (c) mushroom
12) (c) Bacteria 13) (i) Virus
14) (a) yeast 15) (b) fermentation 16) (b) bacteria
17) (d) bacteriophage 18) (c) Rhizopus
19) (a) Rhizobium 20) (a) Lactobacillus

III. Fill in the blanks.

1) immunity 2) nutrients 3) preservative 4) cyst 5)dengue
6) virus 7) microscope 8) algae 9) viruses 10) curd
11) yeast
IV. (a) Draw a well labelled diagram of nitrogen cycle.
(b) Identify the given microorganisms and write their characteristic .
1) Algae- Unicellular or multicellular green plants
2) Bacteria- simplest microoganisms- size 0.2 to 100 microm
3) Protozoa- single celled do not have cell wall
4) Fungi –like non green organisms, can be unicellular or multicellular
5) Virus- smallest- microorganisms, They can become living after entering host cells.
V. Match the following:
1) Tuberculosis Bacteria
2) Malaria Protozoa
3) Rusk of wheat Fungi
4) Chicken pox Virus
5) Baking bread Yeast
6) Setting of curd Lactobacillus
7) Antibiotic Streptomycin

VI. Answer the following questions in not more than four lines.
1) Decomposers are organisms which decompose dead organic matter simpler useful
substances. They are helpful in cleaning the environment.
2) They reproduce(multiple) by entering the living cells of host body.
3) Breakdown of sugar into alcohol and CO2 using yeast. Used in the production of
alcohol and wine from fruit juice. Sugar Alcohol + CO2
4) Distinguish between the following:
(a)Antibiotics and Vaccines
Antibiotics Vaccines

Medicines from fungi and bacteria which Weak or dead microbes injected in the body
fight against an infection when you are to make the immune system strong and
sick. fight for future diseases.

(b) Communicable Diseases and Non- communicable Diseases

Communicable Diseases Non- communicable Diseases

Diseases which spread through Diseases which do not spread from person to
microorganisms from person to person person.
,eg- typhoid, chickenpox. Eg- HIV-AIDS.
VII. Higher Order Thinking Skill Questions :
1) It can cause an infection to become more powerful.
2) The acidic nature of vinegar and anaerobic environment of oil prevents the further growth of
microorganism.
3) Expiry date tells the shift life and stability of the product.
4) Anopheles mosquito is the carrier of malaria’s Protozoa.

VIII. Complete the following table :

Disease Affect whom cause Symptoms in human/plants
Foot and Plants Bacteria Infection in intestine
Mouth plants (Baclillus continous fever
Diseases Humans anthracis) Vomating,loose
Diarrhea Humans Fungi motions, dehydration
Chicken pox (puccinia Weakness, fever,
Triticina) virus
Bacteria
Rabies virus (RABV)
IX. Solve the crossword puzzle with the help of clues given below.
Across Down
1. BACTERIA 7. ANTIBIOTICS
2. MICROBES 8. VIRUS
3. SALT 9. SMUT
4. COMMUNICABLE 10. PATHOGEN
5. LACTOBACILLUS
6. RHIZOBIUM

Coal and Petroleum- 5

I. (a) Read the given passage and answer the following questions.
a) Petroleum due to it’s great commercial importance.
b) The substances which are obtained from petroleum and natural gas.
c) Polyester, nylon, perfumes, dyes, drugs etc.
d) It is formed by the decomposition of aquatic plants and animals dead bodies under the sea
bed for more than millions of year.
 (b) Read the given passage and answer the following questions.
a) Sulphur dioxide. It contains with rainwater to form sulphuric acid.
b) CO2 ,O3 , CH4 , SO4
c) Carbon monoxide.
d) As it combines with haemoglobin to form carboxy haemoglobin and oxygen is not carried by
blood to body cells which causes suffocation.
II. Multiple Choice Questions :
1. (a) carbon 2. (d) CNG 3.(b) petroleum 4.(c) Peat
5. (a) in the lower most portion 6.(b) refining 7.(a) Methane
8. (a) Anthracite 9. (d) Coke 10.(d) residue 11.(b) 10000 C
12.(d) hydrogen 13. (b) Coal gas 14. (d) Electricity
III. Fill in the blanks.
a) Air b) Natural gas, Pertroleum and coal c) Candles
d)Coke, Coal gas and Coal tar e) CO, heat & light
f) Bituminous g) Anthracite h) Petrol i) Petroleum gas
j) Mumbai High, Digboi well

IV. Draw a well labelled diagram of fractional distillation of petroleum.

V. Match the following.

1. Kerosene Aviation fuel
2. Paraffin wax Candles, ointments
3. Bitumen Making road
4. Petrol Solvent for dry cleaning
5. LPG Fuels for homes
6. Diesel Fuels for heavy vehicles

VI. Answer the following in not more than four lines.

1. Because coal & petroleum cannot be renewed again. They get exhausted after use.
2. Petroleum gas, paraffin wax, kerosene, Petrol, Diesel, fuel oil.
3. 1) Use public transport to travel.
2) Use alternative source of energy like solar energy.
3) Turn off engine of vehicle to save fuel at traffic signals.
4) Use AC & heaters when required only.
 4. 1) Overpopulation
2) Waste of energy
3) Excessive consumption of energy fuel.
4) Natural disasters & major accidents.
5) Distinguish between the following:
Fractional Distillation and Destructive Distillation
Fractional Distillation Destructive Distillation

1. Separation of a mixture into its 1. Heating coal in the absence of air at 10000
component parts or fractions. c temperature.
2. Product of it are LPG, Petrol, Diesel etc. 2. Product of it are coal, coal tar and coal
gas.

VII. Higher Order Thinking Skills Questions.

1. Yes, because they can’t be destroyed by human activities. These resources are of natural&
unlimited in nature.
2. Because fuels are those combustible substance that are used to run vehicles where as any
other combustible substance cannot run the vehicle, they just give off heat & light.
3. No, Conservation not only means avoiding their wasteful use but also maintaining their
quality & finding alternative sources of energy.
4. i) Lighter than water
ii) Insoluble in water

VIII. Puzzle
ACROSS DOWN
4. PHOTOSYNTHESIS 1. PEAT
5. SEDIMENT [Link]
7. BIOFUELS 3. FOSSIL FUEL
8. RESPIRATION 6. DRILLING

Combustion and Flame-6

I. (a) Read the given passage and answer the following questions.
a) It is the amount of heat released by buring 1 kg of a fuel.
b) KJ/kg
c) Calorific value
 d) Hydrogen gas
(b) Read the given passage and answer the following questions.
a) three zones
b) Middle Zone
c) Middle Zone
d) Outermost Zone
e) Middle Zone
II. Multiple choice Questions:
1) (a) oxides of sulphur and nitogen 2) (d) Coal
3)(a) rapid combustion 4)(a) carbon monoxide
5)(a) burning oil 6)(a) will get extinguished
7)(d) both b and c 8)(a) Carbon monoxide
9)(a) Carbon dioxide 10)(c) Explosion
11)(a) low ignition temperature and low calorific value.
12)(b) one kilogram of the fuel is completely burnt.
13) (a) SPM
III. Fill in the blanks.
1) rapid 2) flame 3) moderate 4) outermost
5) melting 6) electric fires 7)outermost 8) carbon, hydrogen
9) energy (heat) 10) innermost
[Link] the following:
1. Non-combustible substances Cement
2. Supporter of combustion Oxygen
3. Combustion Oxidation process
4. Fossil fuel Petrol
5. Fire extinguisher Carbon dioxide
VI. Answer the following questions in not more than four lines.
1. A material that is burnt to produce energy. Characteristics of a good fuel are as follows:-
i) High calorific value ii) Leaves no residue on burning
ii) Produce no smoke iv) cheap & readily available
2. In order to melt gold or silver because it is the hottest zone of a flame.
3. Burning utilises all the oxygen present in room and produces carbon monoxide (CO) which if
inhaled found to be very poisonous.
4. Using hydrogen is highly explosive. Using it as domestic fuel is very dangerous, because even
a small sparkle can cause uncontrolled combustion leading to huge explosion.
 5. Distinguish between the following
Rapid Combustion Spontaneous Combustion

The Combustion in which the fuel burns The Combustion in which no external
rapidly & produce heat &light heat is given
e.g Burning of LPG. e.g- Burning of white phosphorus.

VII. Higher Order Thinking Skill Questions:

1. Wood contains some volatile substances which initially burns, but as soon all the compounds
is break into smaller chemical and gas formation is creased.
2. It means incomplete combustion takes place.
3. Continuous movement of hot air going up displace cooler air down to the side which then
gets heated up again and move up ward causing the distinctive shape to the flame.
4. To stop the supply of oxygen

Conservation of plants and Animals-7

I. (a) Read the given passage and answer the following questions.
a) The variety of plants, animals and microorganisms is known as biodiversity.
b) The term was coined by E.O Wilson in1985.
c) It refers to living forms.
d) Approximately 15 million species.
e) Brazil , South Africa
(b) Read the given passage and answer the following questions.
a) Flora- The plants found in an area are called the flora of the area.
Fauna- The wild animal found an area called the Fauna of the area.
b) Jamun, Mango ,Guava, Pine etc.
c) Rajasthan
d) Tiger, Antelope, Sambar, nilgai etc.
e) Because they are source of oxygen in atmosphere.
II. Multiple Choice Questions:
1.(a) IUCN 2.(a) Jim Corbett National Park
3.(c) endangered plants and animals
4.(c) Endemic 5.(a) dodo
6.(b) Odisha 7(d) all of these
 8.(b) The Himalayas 9(c) Ramnagar
10.(a) wildlife conservation
III. Fill in the blanks.
1. Erosion 2. Overgrazing 3. Non-renewable 4. Forest
5. Odisha 6. Asiatic Lions 7. Poaching 8. Deforestation
9. trees 10. Endangered
IV. (a) Visualise the pictures and categories them under the categories extinct
species, endangered species, vulnerable species and rare species.
1. Endangered 2. Endangered 3. Extinct 4. Extinct
[Link] [Link]
(b) Label the various zones of biosphere reserve.

Transition zone

Buffer zone

Core zone

V. Match the following:

1) Desert National Park - Rajasthan (great Indian Bustard)
2) Kuno National Park - M.P
3) Corbett National Park - UP
4) Bandipur National Park - Asian Elephant (Karnataka)
5) Sundarbans National Park - Mangrove forest
6) KazirangaNatioanl Park - Assam
7) Dudwa National Park - U.P
8) Flora - Plant population
9) Arctic tern - Migration
10) Sunderbans - Royal Bengal Tiger
11) Dinosaurs - Extinct
12) Kalesar National Park - Haryana
VI. Answer the following questions.
1) 1) Increase the number of wildlife.
2) To preserve the plants &animals species.
2) Deforestation decreases the ground water, It affects the water cycle leading to
decrease in rainfall.
VII. Higher Order Thinking Skills Questions:
1) No, We should do planned harvesting.
2) Yes, because they are doing planned harvesting.
3) No, Through Biosphere Reserve, Triball are an intergral part of it.

Reproduction in Animals-9
I. (a) Read the given passage and answer the following questions.
a) It is biological process in which new offspring are produced from already existing individual.
b) Fingerling or Fry
c) It ensures the continuity of species.
d) Sexual & Asexual
e) No, Some have sexual mode or some have asexual mode of reproduction.
(b) Read the given passage and answer the following questions.
a) Animals which give birth to babies.
b) Human beings, dog.
c) The animals which lay eggs.
d) Insects, Fishes
e) Viviparous
II. Choose the most appropriate answer.
1) (a) Ovary 2)(a) oviduct 3)(b) budding
4)(d) Epididymis 5)(c) Sperm 6)(c) ovulation
7)(c) ducks 8)(a) Placenta 9)(c) XX chromosomes
III. Fill in the blanks.
1. Asexual [Link] [Link] [Link]
5. Oval Shaped 6. Metamorphosis 7. Zygote
8. Hermaphrodite 9. Cell differentiation
10. Two 11. Male 12. Fish
IV. (a) Given below is a diagram of the male reproductive system in humans.
Label.
Testes, penis ,urethra, vas deferens, Urinary bladder, Prostate gland, Seminal vesicles.
b) Given below is a diagram of the female reproductive system in humans.
Label the parts
1. Fallopian tube (oviduct) 2. Uterus 3. Fimbriae 4. Ovary
 5. Cervix 6. Vagina
c)A. Head B. Middle piece C. Tail

d) Complete the process of binary fission shown in amoeba.

1. Cytoplasm Divides 2. Two Daughter cells
V. Match the following.
1. Eggs of frog - example of external fertilisation
2. Transformation of larva into pupa - metamorphosis
3. Hen’s egg - example of internal fertilisation
4. Humans - example of viviparous
5. Hydra budding - example of asexual reproduction
VI. Answer the following questions:
1. The Zygote grows by cell division & produces an embryo and then embryo grows into a new
individual after implantation.
2. The production of exact genetically identical copy of a cell or [Link]- It
removes the barrier of infertility.
3. The fertilisation of egg with sperm is carried outside the femalebody is called in vitro
fertilisation & it is also known as test tube baby technique.
4. Uterus- Pear shaped organ of female reproductive system & it’s function is to provide
nourishment & a conducive environment for developing foetus.
5. Distinguish between
a) Viparous Animal and Viviparous Animal.

Oviparous Animal Viviparous Animal.

1) Animals that lay eggs 1) Animals give birth to young ones.
2) Fertilisation on may be external or 2) Internal fertilisation e.g human
internal. E.g fishes.

VII. Higher Order Thinking Skill Questions:

1. No, because the basic body structure does not change.
2. Some eggs are eaten by other animals (predators) damaged hence only some eggs are
fertilised.(External fertilisation)
3. Because the survival of each egg is less.
4. Yes, with the help of IVF.
5. * Sometime both the ovary release egg & fertilised with different sperms. This result Non-
Identical twins.
 * Sometimes zygote split into two parts after fertilization and each parts develop into
identical twins.
6. Because dogs are polyovulatory they produce more than one ovum at a time whereas
humans produce only one ovum at a time.

Reaching the age of Adolescence-10

I. (a) Read the given passage and answer the following questions.
a) 46 (23 pairs)
b) Genes
c) XY chromosomes
d) Boy
e) A chromosome is a long DNA molecule with part or all of the genetic material of an organism.
(b) Read the given passage and answer the following questions.
a) Puberty
b) Sebaceous or oil glands.
c) In the front of throat.
d) Pituitary glands
e) Vagina, Uterus, Fallopian tubes, Ovaries.
II. Choose the most appropriate answer.
1)(b) XY 2)(a) boys 3)(a) pituitary gland 4)(a) XX
5)(a) growth 6)(a) menarche 7)(d) Sebaceous
8)(a) blood 9) (a) 5-7 days 10)(b) hormones
11) (a) father’s chromosomes 12)(b) diabetes
13) (b) larynx
III. Fill in the blanks:
1. Endocrine 2. Adrenaline Adrenal 3. Testosterone
4. Boys 5. Egg(ovum), Ovary 6. haploid
7. Testosterone 8. Throat 9. Boys
10. Pancreas [Link] 12. body building food
13. lung diseases 14. HIV
 IV. In the picture given below is the position of endocrine glands in the human
body. Label the adrenal gland, testes. Ovary, pancreas ,pituitary gland thyroid
gland.
1. Pituitary gland 2. Thyroid gland 3. Thymus 4. Pancreas
5. Adrenal gland 6. Testes 7. Ovaries
V. Match the Columns.
a) Adrenal Adrenaline
b) Pituitary Growth hormone
c) Thyroid Thyroxin
d) Ovary Estrogen
e) Pancreas Insulin
f) Testes Tesosterone
VI. Answer the following questions in two or three sentences only.
1. Confusion ,tension ,boredom ,worries.
2. AIDS is acquired immune deficiency syndrome, AIDS transmitted through sharing needles,
drug injection, Blood.
3. Anxiety, depression, social phobias, Emotional instability, Mental health issues, Drug use
issues.
VII. Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS).
1. It happens because of hormonal changes going in the body.
2. The bones of pelvic region are wider due to estrogen hormone as a means of preparing the
woman for the process of child birth.
3. Because their body is still developing and in take of drugs may affect the development of
body and functioning of some other organs.
4. It is because they have same genes.
5. Due to the increased activity of sebaceous and oil gland.
VIII. Lab Manual Experiment
164.7 cm

Force and Pressure-11

I. (a) Read the given passage and answer the following questions.
a) Gravitational Force
b) Non- Contact Forces
c) It is directly proportional to the mass of a body.
 d) Attractive
e) Frictional ,mascular and machenical forces.
(b) Read the given passage and answer the following questions.
a) Decreased
b) It will be the same.
c) Barometer
d) Pascal (pa)
e) The pressure applied by atmosphere on us.
II. Choose the most appropriate answer.
1. (b) frictional 2. (a) pascal 3.(b) mass of an object
4. (a) gravitational force 5.(c) magnetic force
6. (a) greater 7.(a) feet are broad
8. (a) decreases 9.(b) speed of the object
10. (b) maintain pressure 11.(a) Muscular force
12. (c) Netwon

III. Fill in the blanks:

1. Shape , Size 2. Added 3. Netforce 4. Less
5. Motion
IV. Observe the diagram and explain the concept.
1. Liquid exert pressure on walls.
2. The area of contact is more in shoes so our leg will not go under sand because decreases the
area of contact is less in heels so we use them on hard surface.
3. Liquids exert more pressure as the depth increases.
4. Liquid exert same pressure on equal height.
5. Parachute are designed to create a large amount of drag and allow you to land at a safe, low
speed.
V. Match the columns.
1. A force between two charged objects - Electrostatic force
2. Force applied per unit area - Pressure
3. Pressure that balances blood and - Atmospheric force
Blood pressure in our body.
4. Frictional force - Opposes motion
5. Magnetic - Non-contact force
VI. Numerical
 1. 2.6 pa 2. The pressure is increased 20 times.
3. Net force= A-B 4. 2000 N
5. Team B wins. 6. 25 pa
7. 1600 pa 8. 40 pa
9. 40 pa 10. 800 pa
11. 80 pa

VII. Answer the following questions in two or three sentences only.

1. Because the atmospheric pressure is less on high altitude.
2. As the area decreases the pressure increases .As the pressure increases it is easy to cut the
fruits.
3. Yes, because of difference in inside pressure and atmospheric pressure.
4. Yes- force due to the pressure keeps the sucker stuck to the surface.
5. Because of frictional force acting on it’s tyres.
6. To increases pressure.
7. Because of atmospheric pressure.
8. Yes, because their particles are constantly moving.
9. The pressure exerted by atmosphere on us. The air exerts pressure on us.
10. Molecules exert pressure when they collide with the container in which they are taken.
11. Area, Intensity.
VIII. Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS).
1. True, It is the natural motion of the body and no force is required to maintain it.
2. False, It is a contact force.
3. Because of the smaller mass of the building as compared to the earth.

4. P= , Hence it depend on area also.

5. Pressure inside the plane decrease, Hence it will affect breathing.

IX. Solve the crossword puzzle with the help of clues given below.
ACROSS DOWN
1. Net force 2. Speed
6. Balanced force 3. Gravitational force
11. Momentum 4. Distance
12. Inertia 5. Gravity
13. Weight 7. Force
15. Unbalanced force 8. Free Fall
17. Friction 9. Motion
 18. Acceleration 14. Velocity
10. Heat 16. Newton

Friction-12
I. (a) Read the given passage and answer the following questions.
a) We have to apply more force to over come friction so energy is wasted.
b) [Link] friction every thing will float, It would be impossible to scale anything.
c) Tribometer
d) Ball-bearing reduces friction.
e) Drag
(b) Read the given passage and answer the following questions.
a) Rolling
b) Frication causes the molecules on rubbing surface to move faster, so they have more energy.
c) Due to the streamline shape.
d) Frictional force

II. Choose the most appropriate answer.

1. (a) friction is less 2. (a) making the surface rough
3. (c) Sometimes a disadvantages and sometimes an advantage
4. (c) road 5. (a) decreases friction
6. (c) limiting friction 7. (d) decreases friction
8. (d) All of these
III. Fill in the blanks.
1. Fluid 2. Amount of force 3. Streamline
4. Rolling 5. Less 6. Increases
7. Friction 8. Streamline
9. Motion 10. Irregularities 11. Lesser
12. Drag 13. Streamline
IV. Observe the given diagram and explain whether they will increases friction or
decrease friction.
1. Ball bearing ,reduce friction 2. Break ,increase friction
3. Boat, reduce friction 4. Match box, increase friction
5. Shoe sole, increases friction 6. Rope , increases friction
 V. Match the columns.
i. Drag - fluids
ii. Stream lined body - reduces friction
iii. Wear and tear - is caused due to friction
iv. Friction - opposes motion
v. Lubricant - substances that reduce friction
VI. Answer the following questions in two or three sentences only.
1. 1) Oil, grease, Streamline shape ,Use ball bearing
2. Friction occurs due to the roughness of the surfaces in contact.
3. 1) Breaks 2) grooves on the tire 3) ties to hold slips at piers
4. 1) Match box 2) Rubbing of two hands 3) Jar of mixer grinder
5. a) Rolling- The frictional force that occurs when one object roll on another.
b) Static- It is a force that keeps an object at rest. Because of the friction forces acting opposite
to the direction of motion.
c) Sliding- The force that is needed to keep a surface sliding along another surface.
VII. Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS).
1. Due to oil friction is decrease hence to grip on lid not tight.
2. To increase the friction so that it don’t slip if the hand sweat also.
3. Due to adhesive force.
4. Rubbing generate heat due to friction and we feel better.
5. Glass sheet is smooth i.e there are no irregularity due to which chalk can not write on it.
6. On beach the contact surfaces are sand and boat so irregularities are more hence friction is
more so we have to apply more force to over come it.
7. Due to friction.
8. Friction produces heat.
VIII. Solve the crossword puzzle with the help of clues given below.
Across Down
2. REDUCED 1. SURFACES
6. DRAG 3. MORE
7. FORCE 4. GREATER
9. BALLBEARINGS 5. OPPOSITE
11. FRICTION 8. FLUID
12. SLIDING 10. ROLLINGS
13. GRAVITATIONAL
 Sound-13
I. (a) Read the given passage and answer the following questions.
a) Frequency of sound wave.
b) High pitched is shrill and low pitched is flat.
c) Pitch directly proportional to frequency.
d) To vibrate more quickly.
(b) Read the given passage and answer the following questions.
a) Noise is unwanted sound judged to be unpleasant, loud or disruptive to hear.
b) The presence of excessive and disturbing noise in environment, is known as noise pollution.
c) Automobiles, loud speakers TV, radios, trains, etc.
d) Noise pollution harm the physical and mental health of human being.
II. Choose the most appropriate answer.
1.(b) solids 2.(a) between 20 hertz and 20,000 hertz.
3.(c) harmonics 4.(b) air
5.(a) louder the sound
6.(d) all of these 7.(b) vocal cords
8.(a) Women’s voice
9.(d) 512 Hz 10.(c) 500 Hz
III. Fill in the blanks.
1. Sound 2. Vibrating 3. Percussion
4. Vocal card 5. Ultrasound 6. Hertz
7. Harmonics 8. Wind 9. Outer
10. Infra sound , Ultrasound 11. Reflect
12. 100
V. Match the columns.
1. Amplitude - Meter
2. Loudness - dB
3. Time period - Second
4. Pitch - Frequency
5. Frequency - Hz
6. Infrasonic - Less than 20 Hz
7. Quality - Harmonic
VI. Numerical
1. T= 0.2 sec, F= 5 Hz
 2. T= .0025 sec
3. 1020 m
4. Minimum distance of echo is 17 m.
√
5. +

6. 0.05 sec 𝑡𝑜 0.0005 𝑠𝑒𝑐

7. 6000 m
8. Frequency of B is high.
9. 360 m/s
VII. Answer the following questions in two or three sentences only.
1. i) To find the crack inside any big object.
ii) Cleaning complicated parts of machine.
2. Jal tarang is based on the different amount of water.
3. 0.003 sec
4. When our ears are damaged due to loud sound it is called hearing impairment.
5. The reflection of sound waves from a surface back to the listener.
6. Distinguish between the following.
(a) Loudness and Pitch

Loudness Pitch

1. Depends on Amplitude. [Link] on frequency.

2. Loud sound can travel longer 2. Pitch is the shrilleness of sound which
distance. can penterate deeper inside.

(b) Ultrasonic and Infrasonic

Ultrasonic Infrasonic

1. Sound above 20000 Hz. [Link] below 20000 Hz.

2. eg. Bat 2. e.g Elephant
.

VIII. Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS).

1. Due to the sound of the footsteps.
2. There are no particle in vacuum so, there is no vibration. So ,we are not able to hear the
sound
3. Because in solids sound travels with more speed.
4. (a)9 times. (B) 4 times
 5. Because in solids sound travels with more speed.
X. Puzzle
ACROSS DOWN
3. Decibels 1. Hertz
5. Noise 2. Ultrasonics
6. Echolocation 4. Infrasonics
7. Frequency

Chemical Effects of Electric Current-14

I. (a) Read the given passage and answer the following questions.
a) An arrangement of an electric circuit that includes two metal plates, battery, two piece of
wires, two beakers ,and an aqueous solution.
b) It is a process of production of a chemical reaction by passing an electric current through
electrolyte.
c) The metal rod or a non metal rod made of carbon used for electric current to flow.
d) Electric current
(b) Read the given passage and answer the following questions.
a) It is the process of coating one metal with another by the process electrolysis.
b) Utensils, decorative pieces, jewellery pieces.
c) The metal or object to be coated should be taken as cathode or the metal or object to be
deposited should be taken as anode.
d) Balance the amount.
II. Choose the most appropriate answer:-
1) (a) Petrol 2) (a) Liquid that conducts electricity
3) (b) Hydrogen and oxygen 4) (a) electro- refining
5 (b) cathode 6) (a) negative
7)(a) anode 8) (b) positive charge
III. Fill in the blanks.
1. Acid, bases or salt 2. Light Emitting Diode
3. Positive, negative 4. Bad
5. Electricity , ions 6. Electrical, chemical
7. Good 8. Chemical effects of electric current
9. Deficiency 10. Cu+2 SO4 -2
IV. Anode, Cell, Cathode, Electrode, Acidified water
V. Match the following:
1. Anode - Positive terminal
2. Cathode - Negative terminal
3. Anion - Negative ion
4. Galvanization Depositing layer of zinc on iron
5. Distilled water Bad conductor
6. Lemonade - Good conductor
VI. Answer the following:
1. It is the process of depositing a layer of one metal on another metal.
2. 1) Purification of metals 2) Preventing corrosion
3) Used in jewellery 4) Changing the texture of metal surfaces.
3. 1) Nature of metal
2) Amount of current used in electrolysis.
3) Duration for which electrolysis was performed.
4. (a) Electrolyte and Non- Electrolyte

Electrolyte Non- Electrolyte

A liquid which allows electric current A liquid which does not allows
to pass through it- e.g Sea water electric current to pass through
it- e.g Distilled water

(b) Anode and Cathode

Anode Cathode

The electrode which is connected to The electrode which is connected to

the positive terminal of a cell. the negative terminal of a cell.

VII. Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS).

1. Tap water contains some amount of salts dissolved in it, which makes it a good conductor but
distilled water does not contain any dissolved salts.
2. No, as mercury is a pure liquid metal it conducts electricity but it is not an electrolyte ,it did
not ionizes when dissolved in suitable ionizing solvents such as water.
3. Yes, copper is a metal due to which it conducts electricity through electrons whereas salt
solution is an electrolyte in which ions flow due to which electricity flows.
 4. Water is good conductor of electricity and one might get an electric shock.
5. Because water is a good conductor of electricity and can lead to short circuit and one can get
electric shock.
6. Because chromium is very expensive metal.
IX. Solve the crossword puzzle with the help of clues given below.
Across Down
3. CHEMICAL FORMULA 1. ENDOTHERMIC
5. ACTIVATION 2. CHEMICAL EQUATION
8. INHIBITOR 4. DECOMPOSITION
10. PRODUCT 9. REACTANT
7. CATALYST
6. EXOTHERMIC

Some Natural Phenomena-15

I. (a) Read the given passage and answer the following questions.
a) Atom acquires positive charge when there are less electron than the protons.
b) Atom acquires negative charge when electrons are added to the atom & protons are
decreased.
c) A charged atom whether negative or positive is known as ion.
d) Cations are positively charged atoms & Anions are negatively charged atoms.
(b) Read the given passage and answer the following questions.
a) Channel is the little hole which opens up when a lightning occurs.
b) We hear thunder when the air collapses back in & creates a sound wave after light is gone.
c) Because it produces a large amount of electric current & very high temperature.
d) By using lighting conductors.
II. Choose the most appropriate answer.
1. (b) Equal and opposite charge 2. (a) Repel each other
3. (b) Positive charge 4. (d) Copper
5. (c) Lighting 6.(a) static electricity
7. (b) Conductors 8.(c) Seismic waves
9. (b) Repulsion 10. (a) Insulator
III. Fill in the blanks.
1. attract 2. Induction 3. Conduction
4. Lighting 5. Same 6. Richter
7. seismograph 8. Coloumb 9. Electroscope
10. Earthing 11. Present [Link]
IV. (a) Label the given diagram of lighting conductor.
Spikes, Lighting conductor, Copper plate
(b) Label the given diagram of electroscope.
Charged rod, Metal plate, Aluminium leaves, Jar
V. Match the following.
a) Electrons - Negatively charged
b) Tsunami - Undersea earthquake
c) Good conductor of electricity Wet air
d) Bad conductor of electricity Dry Air
e) Unlike charges - Attract each other
VI. Answer the following questions in not more than four lines.
1. When we touch a charged electroscope with your hand the electroscope gets discharged
because charges flow through our body.
2. Weak zones where earthquakes are made likely to occur.
3. A charged body can attract an uncharged body or oppositely charged body also but repeat
only similar charges that’s why.
4. If D is positively charged then C will also have positive charge because like charge repel . As
we know C has a positive charge and it is attracted by ‘A’ it means charge A has charge but A
repels B, it’s show B has a negative charge.
5. Through lighting atmospheric nitrogen convert into nitrogenous compound.
6. Charging by Induction and Charging by Conduction

Charging by Induction Charging by Conduction

1. Charging method that charges an 1. Charging method that charge an

object without touching. object by bringing it in to contact.
2. Unlike charge. 2. Same charge

VII. Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS).

1. Due to shorter distance between clouds and taller building.

2. Due to charging by induction.
 3. Closed window is a safe place as glass is insulate.
4. Because these appliances work with an electromagnetic waves, which catch electricity.

Light-16
I. (a) Read the given passage and answer the following questions.
a) Light ray that is perpendicular or normal to the surface.
b) The imaginary ray perpendicular to the plane surface.
c) The ray of light coming from the source of light to the mirror/surface.
d) The ray of light which after striking the surface, bounces back in other direction.
e) Yes.( Regular reflection)
(b) Read the given passage and answer the following questions.
a) The change in the direction of the path of light ray when travel from one medium to
another.
b) The cause of refraction is speed of light changes when it travel from one medium to
another.
c) Light speed changes due to the intermolecular space of solids, liquid and gases.
d) Slowest in solid, faster in liquid and fastest in gaseous states.
II. Choose the most appropriate answer.
1.(a) Sun 2. (b) 300 3. (b) iris 4.(b) holds it’s right ear
5. (b) 7 colours 6. (a) 5 7. (d) normal ray
8.(a) Braille script 9. (c) Cornea
III. Fill in the blanks.
1. 3 2. 600 3. Far point 4. Hypermetropic
5. convex 6. Kaleidoscope 6. Away
7. Away from 8. 25 9. Infinite
10. Reflection 11. pupil
IV. (a) Label the diagram

* Sclera * Cornea * Pupil * Lens * Iris

* Cillary muscles *Retina *optic nerves

 (C) i) The angle of incidence is always equal to angle of reflection.
ii) Normal ray, incident ray and reflected ray lie on the same plane.

V. Match the columns.

Column A Column B
a) Pupil (vi)
b) Iris (i)
c) Cornea (v)
d) Real Image (iii)
e) Virtual image (ii)
f) Left of the object (iv)
Appearson the right
and the right
appears on the left
g) Angle of the incidence (viii)
h) Angle of the reflection (vii)
VI. Answer the following questions.
1. light travelling straight line.
2. Telescope, Glasses, Video magnifier.
3. 3
4. Multiple reflection of light.
5. i.) 900 – 3 images
ii) 450 – 7 images
iii) 600 - 5 images
6. When white light breaks in to seven colours (VIBGYOR)
7. (a) Luminous Object and Non- Luminous Object

Luminous Object Non- Luminous Object

The objects which have their own The objects which do not have their
light. E.g. Sun,star,bulb. own light. E.g. moon,earth

(b) Myopia and Hypermetropia

Myopia Hypermetropia

Person are not able to see far Person are able to see near by
objects clearly. objects clearly.
VII. Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS)
1. Because incident ray and emergent ray are parallel to each father.

3. Greater because the light from pool’s surface bends towards the normal.

4. Virtual image.

5. Because very little light enter our eye but later, the size of pupil expands and more light

enters through which we can see clearly.