3 Matrices

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

1) Matrix A aij is row matrix then ...... x y z 9

m n 5) If x y 5 then (x, y, z) = ......
(MP PET - 2008) y z 7
(A) m = n (B) m n (C) n = 1 (D) m = 1 (A) (2, 3, 4) (B) (4, 3, 2)
Ans. (D) m = 1 (C) (3, 2, 4) (D) (2, 1, 4)
As per definition of matrix m denotes row and Ans. (A) (2, 3, 4)
n denotes column. Here given matrix is row x + y + z = 9 ... (i) y = 3
matrix
x + y = 5 ... (ii) and y + z = 7
It has only one row
y + z = 7 ... (iii) 3 + z = 7
m = 1
x + y + z = 9 z = 4
2) Order of the matrix A = [a1x1 + a2x2 + a3x3] is
x + 7 = 9 (x, y, z) = (2, 3, 4)
........... . (MP PET - 2008)
( From equation (iii))
(A) 3 1 (B) 1 1 (C) 1 3 (D) 2 3
x = 9 – 7 = 2
Ans. (B) 1 1
Now x + y = 5
In given matrix there is only one element.
2 + y = 5
It has only one row and column
m 3 2n m 0 7
Hence order is 1 1 6) If p 1 4q 6 3 22 then .......... of
3) In square matrix A = [aij] for i j we have aij = 0 the following is true (Kerala CEET - 2004)
and for i = j we have aij = k(constant) then
(A) m = – 4, n = – 2, p = 3, q = 8
matrix A is .......... matrix. (Rajasthan PET - 2009)
(B) m = – 3, n = – 2, p = 4, q = 7
(A) Unit (B) Zero
(C) m = – 3, n = 4, p = 2, q = – 3
(C) Diagonal (D) Scalar
5 3 5
Ans. (D) Scalar (D) m 0, n , p , q
2 2 2
In square matrix A = [aij] for i j we have
aij = 0 and for i = j we have aij = k(constant). Ans. (B) m = – 3, n = – 2, p = 4, q = 7

Then by definition it is scalar matrix. As per definition of matrix,

m + 3 = 0 m = –3
2 5 9 2n + m = – 7
4) For given matrix 7 5 3 value of
2n – 3 = – 7
2 6 8
2n = – 4
a11 + a22 + a33 = ...... (Hariyana PET - 2006) n = –2
(A) 8 (B) – 5 (C) 10 (D) 5 And p – 1 = 3
Ans. (D) 5 p= 4
Here a11, a22, a33 are elements of diagonal. Also 4q – 6 = 22
4q = 28
a11 = 2, a22 = – 5 and a33 = 8
a11 + a22 + a33 = 2 + (– 5) + 8 28
q 7
4
= 10 – 5
Option (B) is true.
= 5
43
 44 GUJCET Darpan : Maths - 'Kumar'

7) If A and B are square matrix of same order 2 1

then .......... of the following is true. 1 2 1
10) If A and B 3 2 then
2 1 3
(A) A – B = B – A (B) A + B = B + A 1 1
(C) A · B = B · A (D) A + B = A + (– B) (A · B)T = ......
Ans. (B) A + B = B + A (A) AT · BT (B) A · B (C) (AB)–1 (D) BT · AT
From the property of matrix we know that Ans. (D) BT · AT
matrix addition is commutative. Using property of transpose matrix we have
Option (B) is true. (A · B)T = BT · AT.
01 0 11) If A and B are square matrix of same order
8) If A 0 then A2 = ......
0 1
then (A – B)2 = ...... (MP PET - 2010)
x
1 y
(MP PET - 2009) (A) A2 – 2AB + B2
(A) Zero matrix (B) – A (B) A2 – B2
(C) Unit matrix (D) (x · y)A (C) A2 – AB – BA + B2
Ans. (C) Unit matrix (D) A2 – 2BA + B2
1 0 0 1 0 0 Ans. (C) A2 – AB – BA + B2
2
A = A A 0 1 0 0 1 0 (A – B)2 = (A – B) · (A – B)
x y 1 x y 1 = A(A – B) – B(A – B)
1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 = A·A – A·B – B·A + B·B
= 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 = A2 – AB – BA + B2
x 0 x 0 y y 0 0 1
cos sin
1 0 0 12) If A then value of
sin cos
0 1 0 I3 3
= A · AT = ...... (MP PET - 2010)
0 0 1
(A) A2 (B) – 2A (C) I (D) A
A2 = Unit matrix
Ans. (C) I
1 0 0 0
9) If A 2 0 and
B
1 12 then .......... is cos sin cos sin
A AT
true option. sin cos sin cos
(A) A · B = 0, B · A = 0 (B) AB = 0, BA 0
(C) AB 0, B · A = 0 (D) AB 0, BA 0 cos2 sin 2 cos sin cos sin
Ans. (B) AB = 0, BA 0 =
2
sin cos cos sin sin cos2
1 0 0 0
A B 1 0
2 0 1 12 = I2 2
1(0) 0(1) 1(0) 0(12) 0 0 0 1
=
2(0) 0(1) 2(0) 0(12) 0 0 A · AT = Unit matrix
AB= 0
A · AT = I
0 0 1 0
B A 3
1 12 2 0 7 1 2 4
13) 4 2 = ...... (J & K CET- 2003)
9 2 1 2
0(1) 0(2) 0(0) 0(0) 5
B A
1(1) 12(2) 1(0) 12(0) 43 31 44 47
0 0 (A) (B) (C) (D)
44 37 43 53
B A 0
25 0
AB = 0, B · A 0 43
Option (B) is true option Ans. (A)
44
 3. Matrices 45

16) A and B are square matrix of same order such

3
3 1 2 4 that A · B = B and B · A = A then A2 + B2 = ......
4 2
9 2 1 2 (Kerala PET - 2014)
5
(A) 2AB (B) 2I (C) A + B (D) 2BA
21 4 10 8 Ans. (C) A + B
=
27 8 5 4 A2 + B2 = A · A + B · B
= A · (B · A) + B · (A · B)
35 8 35 8
= ( Given that A = B · A, B = A · B)
40 4 40 4
= (A · B) · A + (B · A)B
43 ( Associative rule of martix)
=
44 = B·A + A·B
= A + B
5 4 0 1
17) If aij 2i 3 j then matrix A = [aij]2 2
14) If A = [1 2 3] and B = 0 2 1 then value 2
1 3 2 = ......

of A · B = ...... (Rajasthan PET - 2003) 1

1
2 2
2 2
1 (A) (B)
1 1
(A) 2 (B) [– 2 – 1 4] 1 1
2 2
4

5 8 0 1 1
2 1
(C) [– 4 5 – 9] (D) 3 4 1 2 2
(C) (D)
1 2 3 1 1
1 2
2 2
Ans. (B) [– 2 – 1 4]
1
5 4 0 2
2
A B [1 2 3] 0 2 1 Ans. (A) 1
1 3 2 1
2
= [1(– 5) + 2(0) + 3(1) 1(4) + 2(2) + 3(– 3) A = [aij]2 2
1(0) + 2(– 1) + 3(2)]
a11 a12
= [– 5 + 0 + 3 4 + 4 – 9 0 – 2 + 6] we take A
a21 a 22
= [– 2 – 1 4]
1 1 1 1
15) Order of matrix A and B are m n and Now a11 2(1) 3(1) | 1| (1)
2 2 2 2
r p respectively. If A · B exists then ...... .
1 1 1
(Hariyana CEET - 2014) and a12 2(1) 3(2) |2 6| | 4| 2
2 2 2
(A) m = p (B) m = r (C) n = p (D) n = r
1
Ans. (D) n = r similarly a21 and a22 = 1.
2
Here A · B exists if numbers of column of A =
Numbers of rows of matrix B 1
2
Here A = [aij]m n and B = [bij]r p is given, 2
Required matrix A [aij ]2 2
and A · B exists. 1
1
We must have n = r 2
 46 GUJCET Darpan : Maths - 'Kumar'

18) A is given square matrix such that A2 = I – A UV + XY = [4] + [16]

then for value of n we have An = 5I – 8A. = [4 + 16] = [20]
(A) 4 (B) 7 (C) 6 (D) 5
0 1 2
Ans. (C) 6 20) If A 1 0 3 then A + 2AT = ......
Here given that A2 = I – A. 2 3 0
A3 = A· A2 (A) 2A2 (B) 2A (C) AT (D) – 2AT
= A(I – A) Ans. (C) AT
= A – A2
0 1 2
= A – (I – A)
Given that A 1 0 3
A3 = 2A – I
2 3 0
A4 = A · A3 = A(2A – I)
= 2A2 – IA 0 1 2
T
= 2A2 – A A 1 0 3
= 2(I – A) – A 2 3 0
= 2I – 3A ( Definition of Transpose matrix)
A5 = A· A4
= A(2I – 3A) 0 2 4
= 2A – 3A2 2A T 2 0 6
= 2A – 3(I – A) 4 6 0
= 5A – 3I
0 1 2 0 2 4
And A6 = A · A5 T
A 2A 1 0 3 2 0 6
= A(5A – 3I)
2 3 0 4 6 0
= 5A2 – 3A
= 5(I – A) – 3A 0 1 2 2 4
= 5I – 5A – 3A = 1 2 0 3 6
A6 = 5I – 8A 2 4 3 6 0
Now compare with given result we get n = 6
3 0 1 2
19) If U = [2 – 3 4], X = [0, 2, 3], V 2 and
= 1 0 3 = AT
1
2 2 3 0
Y 2 then UV + XY = ......
4 A + 2AT = AT
(A) [40] (B) [– 20] (C) [30] (D) [20]
1 2 3 2
Ans. (D) [20] 21) If 2X then X = ......
7 4 0 2
3
Here UV [2 3 4] 2 2 4 2 2
1 (A) 7 (B) 7
1 1
= [6 – 6 + 4] = [4] ... (i) 2 2

2
1 7
And XY [0 2 3] 2 3 2
2 2
4 (C) 3 (D)
1 3 5
= [0 + 4 + 12] 2
2 2
XY = [16] ...(ii)
 3. Matrices 47

2 2 a b
24) If A and A 2 then ..........
Ans. (B) 7 b a
1
2
of the following is true. (MP PET - 2004)
1 2 3 2 1 4 4
Here 2X X (A) = a2 + b2 , = 2ab
7 4 0 2 2 7 2
(B) = a2 – b2 , = a2 + b2
2 2
1 3 2 2 (C) = ab, = a2 + b2
2X X 7
7 0 4 2 1 (D) = a2 – b2 , = 2ab
2
4 4 Ans. (A) = a2 + b2, = 2ab
2X
7 2 A2 = A · A
22) A is matrix of order 3 4 such that A'B and
a b a b
B'A both exists, then order of B is .......... .
b a b a
(Delhi CEET - 2004)
(A) 4 3 (B) 4 4 (C) 3 3 (D) 3 4
a a b b ab ba
Ans. (D) 3 4 =
ba ab b2 a2
Order of matrix A = 3 4 (Given)
Order of A' = 4 3
Suppose order of B is m n. a2 b2 2ab
2
Here A'B exists. 2ab a b2
m = 3.
= a2 + b2 and = 2ab
Also B'A exists
( Using equality in matrix)
n = 4
Order of B m n = 3 4 0 2 0 3a
25) If A and kA then ......
23) For two square matrix A and B if A · B = 0 then 3 4 2b 24
...... is true. are the values of k, a and b respectively.
(A) A = 0 and B = 0 (A) – 4, – 6 and – 10 (B) – 6, – 4 and – 6
(B) A = 0 OR B = 0. (C) – 6, 12 and 18 (D) – 9, 4 and – 6
(C) It is not necessary that both A = 0 and B = 0
Ans. (B) – 6, – 4 and – 6
(D) All above is true.
Ans. (C) It is not necessary that both A = 0 and B = 0
0 2
Here kA k
1 0 0 0 3 4
Here take A and B
0 0 0 1
Here it is clear that A 0, B 0 0 2k
kA
1 0 0 0 3k 4k
Also A B
0 0 0 1
0 3a 0 2k
1(0) 0 0 ( Value of kA is given)
= 2b 24 3k 4k
0 0(0) 0(1)
0 0 3a = 2k, 3k = 2b, – 4k = 24 k = –6
=
0 0 3a = 2k 2b = 3k
A·B = 0 3a = 2(– 6) 2b = 3(– 4)
Here it is not necessary that A · B = 0 then a = –4 b = –6
A = 0 and B = 0.
k = – 6, a = – 4 and b = – 6
 48 GUJCET Darpan : Maths - 'Kumar'

28) A and B are square matrix such that

cos sin sin cos B = – A–1B · A then (A + B)2 = ......
26) cos sin = ......
sin cos cos sin
(A) A2 + 2AB + B2 (B) A2 + B2
(A) 0 (Zero matrix) (B) 1 (Unit matrix) (C) 0 (zero matrix) (D) I3 3
2
Ans. (B) A + B 2
0 0 1 0
(C) (D) Here (A + B)2 = (A + B) · (A + B)
1 1 0 0 = A(A + B) + B(A + B)
Ans. (B) 1 (Unit matrix) = A·A + A·B + B·A + B·B
= A2 + A(– A–1(BA)) + BA + B2
cos 2 cos sin sin 2 sin cos = A2 – A · A–1(B · A) + B · A + B2
= A2 – I(B · A) + B · A + B2
cos sin cos2 sin cos sin 2
= A2 – BA + BA + B2
= A2 + B2
cos 2 sin 2 cos sin sin cos 29) A, B and C are matrix with order 4 3, 4 5 and
=
2
cos sin sin cos cos sin 2 7 3 respectively then order of (A' B)' C'
is .......... .
1 0 (A) 4 5 (B) 4 7 (C) 4 4 (D) 5 7
= = 1(Unit matrix) Ans. (D) 5 7
0 1
Order of matrix A = 4 3
1 2 1 4 0 1 Order of matrix A' = 3 4.
27) If A , B , C
3 0 2 3 1 0 Given that order of B = 4 5.
Order of A' B = (Numbers of column of
then value of 5A – 3B + 2C = ........
matrix A') (Numbers of rows of matrix B)
20 8 7 9 Order of A' B, 3 5
(A) (B) Order of (A' B)' = 5 3
7 9 4 10
Order of matrix C = 7 3.
Order of C' = 3 7.
8 20 10 6
(C) (D) Order of (A' B)' C' = Numbers of column
7 9 4 13
in (A' B)'
Numbers of rows of
8 20 matrix C.
Ans. (C)
7 9 Order of matrix (A' B)' C' = 5 7
30) If 3X + 2Y = I and 2X – Y = 0 (Where I is unit
5A – 3B + 2C matrix and 0 is zero matrix) then ......... of the
1 2 1 4 0 1 following is true.
= 5 ( 3) 2
3 0 2 3 1 0 1 2
(A) X I and Y I
5 10 3 12 0 2 7 7
=
15 0 6 9 2 0 3 6
(B) X I and Y I
7 7
5 3 0 10 12 2 4 1
= (C) X I and Y I
15 6 2 0 9 0 7 7
(D) None of these
8 20 1 2
= Ans. (A) X I and Y I
7 9 7 7
 3. Matrices 49

1 33) A and B are square matrix of order m m

3X + 2Y = I ... (i) X I such A2 – B2 = (A – B) (A + B) then ......... of the
7
2X – Y = 0 Y = 2X following is true.
2 (A) AB = BA
Y = 2X ... (ii) Y I
7 (B) A = B
1 (C) Either A or matrix B is zero matrix.
substitute value in (i) Hence X I
7 (D) Either A or matrix B is unit matrix
2 Ans. (A) AB = BA
3X + 2(2X) = I Y I
7 A2 – B2 = (A – B) · (A + B)
7X = I
= A(A + B) – B(A + B)
31) For square matrix A if A2 = A + I then A5 = ......
where I is unit matrix. A2– B2 = A2 + AB – BA + B2
(A) 5A + I (B) 5I + 3A 0 = AB – BA
(C) 5A + 3I (D) A + 5I AB = BA
Ans. (C) 5A + 3I 34) A and B are matrix such that A + B and A B
both exists, then ......... of the following is valid.
Given that A2 = A + I.
(A) A and B are any matrices
A3 = A2 · A = (A + I) · A = A2 + IA
(B) It is not necessary that both A and B are
= (A + I) + IA
square matrix
= A + I + A
(C) Number of column of matrix A = Number of
A 3 = 2A + I ...(i) rows of matrix B
5
Now A = A · A3 2
(D) A and B are both square matrix
= A2(2A + I) (From result (i)) Ans. (D) A and B are both square matrix
= 2A3 + A2 Suppose order of matrix A is p q.
= 2(2A + I) + (A + I)
Here (A + B) exists
( A2 = A + I given)
Order of B = order of A.
= 4A + 2I + A + I
Order of B = p q.
5
A = 5A + 3I
Now given that A · B exists.
32) A and B are matrix of order 3 3 such that
Numbers of column of matrix A = Numbers
(A · B)T = B · A then ...... .
of rows of matrix B
(A) Matrix A is skew symmetric and B is
q = p.
symmetric.
Both matrix A and B are of order p p
(B) Matrix A is symmetric and B is skew
Both matrix A and B are square matrix.
symmetric.
(C) A and B are both skew symmetric. a 0 1 0
35) A and B are given
(D) None of these 1 1 5 1
matrix, if A2 = B then a = ......
Ans. (C) A and B are both skew symmetric
(A) 1 (B) 4
From the property of transpose matrix we know
(C) 5 (D) None of these
that (A · B)T = BT · AT.
Ans. (D) None of these
If A and B are skew symmetric then.
AT = – A and BT = – B. Given that A2 = B
(AB)T = BT · AT a 0 a 0 1 0
= (– B) · (– A) 1 1 1 1 5 1
= B·A
Hence (A B)T = B · A then A and B are both a2 0 0 0 1 0
skew symmetric matrix. a 1 0 1 5 1
 50 GUJCET Darpan : Maths - 'Kumar'

– 2 + 2x = 0 and – 1 – y = 0
a2 0 1 0
5 1 ( Equality in matrix)
a 1 1
2x = 2 and – y = 1
Using equality in matrix we get a2 = 1 and
x = 1 and y = – 1
a + 1 = 5.
38) A and B are square matrix of order 3 3 and
Here we will not get any value of a which satisfy
if AB = A, BA = B then ...... is true.
above equation.
(Kerala PET - 2006)
1 2 3 x
(A) A2 = A and B2 B
36) If [1 x 1] 0 5 1 1 0 then x = ......
0 3 2 2 (B) A2 A and B2 = B
(GUJCET - 2009) (C) A2 = A and B2 = B
3 1 5 1 (D) A2 A and B2 B
(A) (B) (C) (D)
5 4 4 3 Ans. (C) A2 = A and B2 = B
5 Given AB = A
Ans. (C)
4 (AB) · A = A · A ( Multiply both sides by A)
1 2 3 x A · (BA) = A2 ( Associative rule for matrix)
[1 x 1] 0 5 1 1 =0 A · B = A2 ( given B · A = B)
0 3 2 2 A = A2 ... (i)
x
Now B · A = B
[1 0 0, 2 5x 3, 3 x 2] 1 = 0
(B · A) · B = B · B (Multiply both sides by B)
2
x B · (AB) = B2
[1, 5 5x , 5 x] 1 =0 B · A = B2 ( given AB = A)
B= B 2 ... (ii) ( given BA = B)
2
x + 5 + 5x – 10 – 2x = 0 Hence from result (i) and (ii) we get A = A2 and
4x – 5 = 0 B = B2.

5 2 1 4 5 0 3
x 39) If 2A 3B and A 2B
3 2 5 1 6 2
4
then matrix B = ........
1 1 1 x
37) If A and B are given 8 1 2 2 1 8
2 1 4 y
(A) (B)
matrix. If (A + B)2 = A2 + B2 then ......... . 1 10 1 10 1 4
(A) x = – 1, y = 1 (B) x = 1, y = – 2 8 1 2 8 1 2
(C) (D)
(C) x = 0, y = 1 (D) x = 1, y = – 1 1 10 0 1 1 10
Ans. (D) x = 1, y = – 1 8 1 2
Ans. (A)
Here (A + B)2 = A2 + B2 1 10 1
(A + B) · (A + B) = + A2 B2 5 0 3
A + AB + BA + B = A2 + B2
2 2 Here A 2B
1 6 2
AB + BA = 0
5 0 3
2A 4B 2
1 1 1 x 1 x 1 1 1 6 2
0
2 1 4 y 4 y 2 1 10 0 6
2A 4B ... (i)
3 x y 1 2x 1 x 0 0 2 12 4
2 2x y 4 2y 4 y 0 0 2 1 4
And 2A 3B ... (ii) (Given)
2 2x 1 y 0 0 3 2 5
2 2y 2x 2y 4 0 0 Take result (i) – result (ii)
 3. Matrices 51

10 0 6 2 1 4 Ans. (B) a2I + 2abA

(2A 4B) (2A 3B)
2 12 4 3 2 5 Here A2 = A · A
10 2 0 1 6 4 0 1 0 1
B =
2 3 12 2 4 5 0 0 0 0
8 1 2
Required matrix B 0 1(0) 0(1) 1(0)
1 10 1 =
0 0 0(1) 0
cos x sin x 0
40) If f (x ) sin x cos x 0 then f(x + y) = ...... 0 0
A2
0 0 1 0 0
(A) f(x) · f(y) (B) f(x) + f(y) 2
A = 0 ... (i)
(C) f(x) – f(y) (D) None of these Now (aI + bA)2 = a2I2 + 2ab(IA) + b2(A2)
Ans. (A) f(x) · f(y) = a2I + 2abA + b2(0)
cos( x y) sin( x y ) 0 ( From result (i))
f (x y) sin( x y) cos( x y ) 0 = a2 I + 2abA
0 0 1
cos x sin x
43) If A then An = ..........
cos x cos y sin x sin y sin x cos y cos x sin y 0 sin x cos x
f (x y) sin x cos y cos x sin y cos x cos y sin x sin y 0
1 0 cos(nx ) sin(nx )
0 0 1 (A) (B)
0 1 sin(nx ) cos(nx )
cos x sin x 0 cos y sin y 0
= sin x cos x 0 sin y cos y 0 cosn x sinn x cosn (nx ) sin n (nx )
0 0 1 0 0 1 (C) (D)
sinn x cosn x sinn (nx ) cosn (nx )
( Using product definition of matrix)
= f(x) · f(y) cos(nx ) sin(nx )
Ans. (B)
41) If x[– 3 4] + y[4 – 3] = [10 – 11] then 3x + 7y = ...... sin(nx ) cos(nx )
(A) 3 (B) 7 (C) 2 (D) 1 Page No. (70) Textbook Illustration No. (23)
fundamental result.
Ans. (D) 1
44) If A is square matrix then A + AT is ...... matrix.
Given that [– 3x 4x] + [4y – 3y] = [10 – 11]
(A) diagonal (B) column
[– 3x + 4y 4x – 3y] = [10 – 11]
(C) symmetric (D) skew symmetric
– 3x + 4y = 10 ... (i)
Ans. (C) symmetric
4x – 3y = – 11 ... (ii)
For any square matrix A, A + AT is always
( Using equality of matrix)
symmetric matrix because.
Solving equation (i) and (ii) (A + AT)T = AT + (AT)T
We get x = – 2 and y = 1 = AT + A
3x + 7y = 3 (– 2) + 7(1) (A + AT)T = A + AT
= –6 + 7 45) A and B are square matrix of order m n then
3x + 7y = 1 ...... is true.
(A) A + B is symmetric matrix
0 1
42) If A then (aI + bA)2 = ........ where (B) A + B is skew symmetric matrix
0 0
a and b are arbitrary constants. (C) A + B is zero matrix
(A) a2A + b2I (B) a2I + 2abA (D) A + B is diagonal matrix
(C) a2I + abA (D) abI + b2A Ans. (B) A + B is skew symmetric matrix
 52 GUJCET Darpan : Maths - 'Kumar'

A and B are symmetric. 6 8 5

Now (A + B)T = AT + BT(property of transpose) 49) If A 4 2 3 given matrix is as the sum of
9 7 1
= (– A) + (– B)
one symmetric matrix B and other skew
( A and B skew symmetric) symmetric matrix C then B = .......... .
= – (A + B)
0 6 7 6 6 7
(A + B)T = – (A + B)
(A) 5 2 6 (B) 6 2 5
A + B is skew symmetric.
1 5 7 7 5 1
46) A = [aij] is square matrix. If aij = aji then A is
......... matrix. 6 7 2 2 5 6
(A) Diagonal (B) Symmetric (C) 5 6 2 (D) 6 1 2
(C) Transpose (D) Singular 2 6 1 7 2 5

Ans. (B) Symmetric 6 6 7

By definition of symmetric matrix. Ans. (B) 6 2 5
7 5 1
47) If matrix is symmetric as well as skew
1
symmetric then it is .......... matrix. Here B (A AT )
2
(A) Zero (B) Diagonal
6 8 5 6 4 9
(C) Transpose (D) Scalar 1
= 2 4 2 3 8 2 7
Ans. (A) Zero
9 7 1 5 3 1
Here A is symmetric matrix
AT = A ... (i) 12 12 14
1
Also A is skew symmetric = 12 4 10
2
AT = – A ... (ii) 14 10 2
From (i) and (ii) we have 6 6 7
A = –A B 6 2 5
2A = 0 7 5 1
A = 0 A is zero matrix.
a b c
2
1 x x 50) If 2 0 1 is skew symmetric matrix then
48) Matrix A x x2 1 is of ...... type matrix. 3 1 0
x2 1 x ......... is true.
(A) Skew Symmetric (B) Symmetric (A) a = 0, b = 2 and c = – 3
(B) a = 0, b = – 1 and c = 3
(C) Diagonal (D) Cofactor
(C) a = – 2, b = 3 and c = 1
Ans. (B) Symmetric
(D) a = 3, b = 2 and c = – 1
1 x x2 Ans. (A) a = 0, b = 2 and c = – 3
A x x2 1 Given matrix is skew symmetric
T
x2 1 x a b c a b c
2 0 1 2 0 1
1 x x2
3 1 0 3 1 0
AT x x2 1 A (By definition)

x2 1 x a b c a 2 3
2 0 1 b 0 1
AT = A
3 1 0 c 1 0
As per definition A is symmetric matrix.
 3. Matrices 53

a b c a 2 3 54) A is square matrix and AT is its transpose

1
2 0 1 b 0 1 matrix then (A A ) is .......... matrix.
2
3 1 0 c 1 0
(A) Zero (B) Symmetric
Using definition of equality,
(C) Skew symmetric (D) Unit
a = – a, – b = – 2, – c = 3
Ans. (C) Skew symmetric
2a = 0, b = 2, c = – 3
A is non-zero square matrix then by definition
We have a = 0, b = 2 and c = – 3
1
51) If A and B are square matrix of equal order (A A T ) is skew symmetric matrix.
2
then AB – BA is ......... matrix.
2 4
(A) zero (B) unit
55) If A 1 3 4 is non singular matrix
(C) symmetric (D) skew symmetric
1 2 3
Ans. (D) skew symmetric
then ......... .
A and B are symmetric matrix.
(A) – 2 (B) 3 (C) – 1 (D) 2
AT = A and BT = B
Ans. (A) –2
(AB – BA)T = (AB)T – (BA)T
A is non singular matrix.
= (AB)T – (BA)T
|A| 0
= BTAT – ATBT
= BA – AB 2 4
= – (AB – BA) 1 3 4 0
(AB – BA)T = – (AB – BA) 1 2 3
AB – BA is skew symmetric matrix. 0 4 2
52) If A is symmetric matrix then n N An is ...... 0 1 1 0
matrix (MP PET - 2014)
1 2 3
(A) column (B) diagonal
(
Take R1 R1 – 2R3 and R2 R2 + R3)
(C) zero (D) symmetric
1( + 4 – 2) 0
Ans. (D) symmetric
+ 2 0 –2
Here (An)T = (A · A · A ... n Terms)T
= AT · AT · AT ... n Terms 3 5 1 17
56) If A and B then
= A · A · A ... n Terms 2 0 0 10
( If A is symmetric matrix then AT = A) | A · B | = ......
(An)T = An (A) 100 (B) 110 (C) 80 (D) 140
An is symmetric matrix. Ans. (A) 100
|A·B| = |A|·|B|
1 z 3
53) If is symmetric matrix then 3 5 1 17
2z 1 z 1
= 2 0 · 0 10
z = ........
(A) – 1 (B) 3 (C) 2 (D) 0 = (0 – 10) (– 10 – 0)
Ans. (C) 2 = (– 10) · (– 10) = 100
Given matrix is symmetric 57) I is unit matrix of order 10 10 then | I | = ......
T (Delhi CEET - 2004)
1 z 3 1 z 3
2z 1 z 1 2z 1 z 1 1
(A) 10 (B) 0 (C) 1 (D)
10
1 z 3 1 2z 1
Ans. (C) 1
2z 1 z 1 z 3 z 1
Value of the determinant of unit matrix of any
2z + 1 = z + 3 ( Using equality in matrix) order is always (one) 1.
2z – z = 3 – 1 z = 2 Hence | I | = 1
 54 GUJCET Darpan : Maths - 'Kumar'

58) A is square matrix of 3 3 order and is non – x(x2 – 0) + 16(9x – 0) = 0

zero real number then | · A | = ...... – x3 + 144x = 0
(A) 3 | A | (B) | A |3 – x(x2 – 144) = 0
(C) A (D) 3 | A | – x = 0 and x2 = 144
Ans. (D) 3 | A | x = 0 and x = ± 12
A is square matrix of n n order then
1 3
| · A | = n | A |. 62) If A is given matrix then
2 1
Take n = 3
We get | · A | = 3 | A |. det [A2 – 2A] = ...... (MP PET - 2010)
59) If | A3 3 | = – 2, | B2 2 | = 3 and | C3 3 | = – 3 (A) ± 5 (B) 25 (C) 9 (D) 125
1 Ans. (B) 25
then | A B C | = ......... (Punjab CEET - 2010)
3
4 8 1 3 1 3
(A) (B) Here A 2 A A
9 27 2 1 2 1
2
(C) (D) None of these 1 6 3 3
3 =
Ans. (D) None of these 2 2 6 1
Here number of column of A numbers of rows
of matrix B. 7 6
=
A · B does not exist 4 7
A · B · C does not exist
1 3 2 6
1 And 2A 2
| A B C | does not exist. 2 1 4 2
3
60) If B is non singular matrix and A is any square 7 6 2 6
A2 2A
matrix such that B –1 · AB must exists, then 4 7 4 2
| B–1 · AB | = ...... (Hariyana CET - 2010)
5 0
(A) | A–1 | (B) | B | (C) | B–1 | (D) | A | =
0 5
Ans. (D) | A |
Here | B–1 · AB | = | B–1 | · | AB | 5 0
det A 2 2A 25 0 25
( | X · Y | = | X | · | Y |) 0 5
a 3
1 1 1 63) If A 3 a and det[A3] = 4096 then value
= | A | |B| |B |
|B| |B| of a = ........
= |A|
(A) ± 4 (B) ± 9 (C) ± 12 (D) ± 5
0 x 16 Ans. (D) ± 5
61) If A x 5 7 is singular matrix then
a 3
0 9 x Here | A | | A | = 16
3 a
possible value of x are .......
| A | = a2 – 9 ... (i) 16 = a2 – 9
(A) 0, ± 5 (B) 0, ± 12 (C) 0, ± 4 (D) 0, ± 7
(From result (i))
Ans. (B) 0, ± 12
Now det[A3] = 4096 a2 = 16 + 9
A is singular matrix
| A3 | = 163 a2 = 25
|A| = 0
a = ±5
0 x 16
64) If X is the matrix of order 3 3 and det(3X) = k
x 5 7 0 det[X] then k = .........
0 9 x (A) 81 (B) 6 (C) 27 (D) 9
 3. Matrices 55

Ans. (C) 27 a2 5
2
We know that, 5 a
det(nX) = n2det(X) where X is matrix of 3 3 order.
– a3 – 25 = 2
det(3X) = 33det(X) – a3 = 27
det(3X) = 27det(X) a3 = – 27
Now compare with given result so we get k = 27 a3 = (– 3)3
4 a = –3
0 3
3 5 5
1
65) If A 3 0 then det(A + AT) = ...... 67) If A 0 5 given matrix and
4 0 0 5
4 1
0 | A2 | = 25 then value of = ......
3 4
1 1
4 (A) (B) 5 (C) 5 (D)
(A) 0 (B) 3 (C) (D) 1 25 5
3
Ans. (A) 0 1
Ans. (D)
5
4 4
0 3 0 3 5 5
3 3
1 1 Here | A | 0 5
A + AT 3 0 3 0 0 0 5
4 4
4 1 4 1 = 5(5 – 0)
0 0
3 4 3 4 | A | = 25
Now given that | A |2 = 25.
4 4
0 3 3 (25 )2 = 25
3 3
1 1 625 2 = 25
= 3 3 0
4 4 2 1
4 4 1 1 25
0
3 3 4 4 1
0 0 0 5
0 0 0 cos sin 0
=
68) If sin cos 0 singular matrix then = ......
0 0 0
0 0 1
det(A + AT) = 0. 5
(A) (B) (C) (D)
Note : Given matrix A is skew symmetric 2 4 12
AT = – A Ans. (C)
4
AT +A = 0
Given matrix is singular
(AT + A) = 0 (zero).
cos sin 0
2
a 5 sin cos 0 0
66) If X = and | X10 | = 1024 then value
5 a 0 0 1
of a = ...... cos2 – sin2 = 0
(A) ± 5 (B) ± 4 (C) 10 (D) – 3
Ans. (D) – 3 cos(2 ) cos
2
Here | X10 | = 1024
2
| X |10 = 210 2
|X| = 2
4
 56 GUJCET Darpan : Maths - 'Kumar'

1 2 1 1 x
69) A is given matrix then value of 71) If for given matrix A 1 x 1 its inverse
3 5
x 1 1
det(A2021 – 5A2020) = ...... does not exists then x = ......
(A) – 6 (B) – 12 (C) 4 (D) – 3 (A) 0 (B) 2 (C) – 2 (D) 1
Ans. (A) – 6 Ans. (D) 1
1 2 Here A–1 does not exists
Here |A| = = 5 – 6 = –1 ... (i) We have | A | = 0
3 5
Now | A2021 – 5A2020 | 1 1 x
= | A2020A – 5A2020 | 1 x 1 0
= | A |2020 | A – 5I | ... (ii) x 1 1
( | A · B | = | A | · | B | and | An | = | A |n) Now take C2 C1 + C2 and C3 C3 – xC1
1 2 5 0 1 0 0
Now A – 5I =
3 5 0 5 1 1 x 1 x 0
2
1 5 2 0 4 2 x (1 x ) 1 x
= =
3 0 5 5 3 0 (1 + x) (1 – x2) + (1 – x)2 = 0
| A – 5I | = 0 – 6 = – 6 ... (iii) (1 – x) {(1 + x)2 + (1 – x)} = 0
|A 2021 – 5A 2020 | = |A| 2020 | A – 5I | (1 – x) (x2 + x + 2) = 0
(Result (iii)) 1 – x = 0 and x2 – x + 2 = 0
= (– 1)2020 (– 6) (From result (i) and (iii)) x = 1 and = b2 – 4ac
= 1 (– 6) = 1 – 4(1) (2) = – 7
= –6 < 0
5 10 3 Real value of x does not exists
70) For .......... value of x matrix 2 4 6 is Inverse of A does not exists, then real value
1 2 x of x is 1.
non singular matrix.
(A) 3 (B) 0 72) If A is the matrix of order 2 2 and | A | = 2
(C) 4 (D) x be any real number then A · (adjA) = ........
Ans. (D) x be any real number 1
5 10 3 0
2 1 0
Suppose given matrix A 2 4 6 is non (A) 1 (B)
0 0 1
1 2 x 2
singular.
|A| = 0 1
0
2 2 0
5 10 3 (C) (D)
1 0 2
2 4 6 0 1
2
1 2 x
Now take R1 R1 + 5R3 and R2 R2 – 2R3 2 0
Ans. (D)
0 2
0 0 3 5x
Here A · (adjA) = | A | · 1
0 0 6 2x 0
1 2 x 1 0
= 2
Here for any value of x the value of determinant 0 1
is zero.
2 0
For any real value of x given matrix is non A · adjA =
0 2
singular.
 3. Matrices 57

73) Adj(AB) – (AdjB) · (AdjA) = ....... 1 2 2

(A) 0 (B) I 77) If A 0 2 3 then A(adj A) = ........
(C) Adj A – Adj B (D) (AB)–1 3 2 4
(A) 4I3 3 (B) 8I3 3
Ans. (A) 0
We know that 5 1 1 2 0 0
Adj(AB) = (Adj B) (Adj A) (C) 1 5 1 (D) 0 2 1
Adj(AB) – (Adj B) (Adj A) = 0 1 1 5 0 3 2
= Adj(AB) – Adj(AB) Ans. (B) 8I3 3
= 0
1 2 2
74) If A is square matrix of 3 3 order and
Here | A | 0 2 3
| A | = 2 then | adj A | = ......
3 2 4
(A) 21 (B) 32 (C) 23 (D) 22
Ans. (D) 22 = 1(8 – 6) + 2(0 + 9) + 2(0 – 6)
We know that if A is square matrix of order n n = 2 + 18 – 12
then | adj A | = | A |n – 1.
|A| = 8
| adj A | = | A |3 – 1
Now A · (adjA) = | A |I3
= 23 – 1 = 22 3
= 8I3 3
75) If k is non zero real constant and I3 3 is unit
matrix then adj[kI] = ...... . x y
78) If X then (adjX)T = .........
(A) – k2 I (B) k2 I (C) 3kI (D) 2kI z t
Ans. (B) k I2
t z t y
We know that adj[kA] = kn–1 · (adjA) (A)
y x
(B)
z t
where A is square matrix of order n n
Here A = I3 3 and n = 3 t z t y
adj(kI) = k3 – 1adjI (C) (D)
y x z x
= k2 I ( adjI = I)
2
adj(kI) = k I t z
Ans. (A)
cos sin y x
76) For matrix A
sin cos
x y
X
k 0 z t
If A adjA 0 k
then k = ......

(A) cos(2 ) (B) 0 t y

(C) 1 (D) sin2 cos2 adjX
z x
Ans. (C) 1
cos sin t y
T
t z
Here | A | = cos2 + sin2 (adjX)T
sin cos z x y x
|A| = 1
k 0 3 2 4
Now A adjA 1 1
0 k 79) If A 1 2 1 and A (adjA) then
0 1 1 k
k 0
| A |1
0 k value of k = ......
(A) 15 (B) 11 (C) 9 (D) 21
1 0 k 0
1 k = 1 Ans. (A) 15
0 1 0 k
 58 GUJCET Darpan : Maths - 'Kumar'

1 1 1
We know that A
1
(adjA) Here (2A) 1 |x 1|
|A| | 2A | |x|
1
1 1 = ( | k · A | = kn| A |)
Here 3
2 |A|
|A| k
(Where A is matrix of order n n)
|A| = k 1 1
=
8(3) 24
3 2 4 1
k 1 2 1 |(2A) 1 |
24
0 1 1 82) For non zero matrix A if 4A3 + 2A2 + 7A +
I = 0 then value of A–1 = ......
= 3(2 + 1) + 2(1 + 0) + 4(1 – 0) (A) 4A2 + 2A – 7I (B) – (4A2 + 2A + 7I)
= 9 + 2 + 4 = 15 1 2
(C) –(4A2 – 2A + 7I) (D) (A 2A 8I)
4
2 2 0 1
80) If A and B then Ans. (B) – (4A2 + 2A + 7I)
3 2 1 0
4A3 + 2A2 + 7A + I = 0
(B–1 · A–1)–1 = ......
A–1(4A3 + 2A2 + 7A + I) = A–10
1 2 2 2 2 ( Multiply both sides by A–1)
(A) (B)
10 2 3 2 3 4(A–1 · A)A2 + 2(A–1 · A)A + 7(A–1 A) + I(A–1) = 0
4IA2 + 2IA + 7I + A–1 = 0
1 3 2 3 2 4A2 + 2A + 7I + A–1 = 0
(C) (D)
10 2 3 2 2 A–1 = – (4A2 + 2A + 7I)
83) ...... following matrix inverse does not exists.
2 2 2 1 1 1 1 0 1 2
Ans. (B) (A) (B) (C) (D)
2 3 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 1
(B–1 · A–1) = (A–1)–1 · (B–1)–1 1 1
Ans. (B)
( (x · y)–1 = y–1 · x–1) 2 2
The value of determinant given in option (B)
(B–1 · A–1 )–1 = A · B
has value zero.
2 2 0 1 1 1
= Inverse of matrix given in (B) has no
3 2 1 0 2 2
inverse.
2(0) 2(1) 2( 1) 2(0) 84) A and B are square matrix of same order and
=
3(0) 2(1) 3( 1) 2(0) (A + B) · (A – B) = A2 – B2 then (AB A–1)2 = ......
(A) I (B) A2B2 (C) B2 (D) A2
1 2 2 Ans. (C) B2
B 1 A 1
2 3 Here (A + B) · (A – B) = A2 – B2
A · A + B · A – A · B – B · B = A2 B2
81) A is any non singular matrix of order 3 3 and
A2 + BA – AB – B2 = A2B2
| A | = 3 then | (2A)–1 | = ......
AB = BA
1 1 1 AB · A–1 = B(A · A–1)
(A) (B) 27 (C) (D)
18 24 27 AB · A–1 = B · I
1 AB · A–1 = B
Ans. (C) (AB · A–1)2 = B2
24
 3. Matrices 59

3 2 x 2
85) For matrix A value of (A–1)3 = ...... Here | A |
0 1
3 7
1 1 26 1 26 27 = 7x + 6
(A) (B)
27 0 27 27 0 1
1
Now A 1 (adjA)
1 1 26 1 1 26 |A|
(C) (D)
9 0 27 9 0 27 1 7 2
=
7x 6 3 x
1 1 26
Ans. (A)
27 0 27 7 2
3 2 7x 6 7x 6
Here | A | 3 0 3 A 1
0 1 3 x
7x 6 7x 6
|A| 0
A–1 must exists 7 1
34 17
1 2 But A 1 given that
3 2
also adjA
0 3 34 17

7 2 7 1
1 1 1 2
A 1 (adjA) 3x 6 3x 6 34 17
|A| 3 0 3
–3 x –3 2
7x 6 7x 6 34 17
1 1 2 1 1 2
(A 1 )2 A 1 A 1
3 0 3 3 0 3 7 7
( Using equality in matrix)
34 7x 6
1 1 8 7x + 6 = 34
=
9 0 9 7x = 28
(A–1 )3 = A–1 · (A–1)2 x= 4
1 0 0 1
1 1 2 1 1 8 87) If P and Q 1 0 then
= 0 1
3 0 3 9 0 9 (Pcos + Qsin )–1 = ......
(IIT Roorkee Entrance - 2006)
1 1 0 8 18 (A) Psin + Qcos (B) P(– cos ) + Q(– sin )
=
27 0 0 0 27 (C) Psin – Qcos (D) Pcos – Qsin
Ans. (D) Pcos – Qsin
1 1 26 Suppose A = Pcos + Qsin
=
27 0 27
1 0 0 1
A cos sin
0 1 1 0
7 1
cos 0 0 sin
x 2 1 34 17 =
86) If A and A then 0 cos sin 0
3 7 3 2
34 17
cos sin
A
x = ......... (Kerala PET - 2008) sin cos
(A) – 2 (B) 4 (C) – 6 (D) 3 cos sin
Ans. (B) 4 |A| cos 2 sin 2 1 0
sin cos
 60 GUJCET Darpan : Maths - 'Kumar'

1 1 2 3
A 1 (adjA) 89) A and B are given matrix.
|A| 2 1 1
If AX = B then X = ..........
cos sin
= 1
sin cos 1 3 1 5 1 2 1 1
(A) (B) (C) (D)
5 7 3 7 5 3 3 5
1 0 0 1
= cos sin 1 5
0 1 1 0 Ans. (B)
3 7
A–1 = Pcos – Qsin 1 2
(Pcos + Qsin )–1 = Pcos – Qsin Here | A |
2 1
0 3 = 1 – 4 = –3 0
88) If A and A–1 = k(A) then k = ......
2 0 Now given that AX = B
X = A–1 · B
1 1 1 1
(A) (B) (C) (D) 1
6 3 6 3 = (adjA)B
|A|
1
Ans. (A) 1 1 2 3
6 =
3 2 1 1
0 3 1 3 2
Here | A | 0 6 6 =
2 0 3 6 1

1 1 5
Now A 1 (adjA) X
|A| 3 7

1 0 3 2x 0 1 1 0
= 90) If A and A then
6 2 0 x x 1 2
x = ......
1 1
1 (A) (B) 2 (C) – 1 (D)
0 2 2
2
A 1 ... (i) 1
1 Ans. (A)
0 2
3
2x 0
|A| 2x 2 0 2x 2
0 3k x x
Now kA ... (ii)
2k 0
1
Now we know that A 1 (adjA)
A–1 = kA |A|

1 x 0
1 =
0 2x 2 x 2x
2 0 3k
1 2k 0 1
0 0
3 2x
A 1
1 1
1 2x x
3k
2
1 0
1 But given that A 1
k 1 2
6
 3. Matrices 61

1 1 2 3
0
2x 1 0 92) For given matrix A 0 1 2 ...... is the
1 1 1 2 0 0 1
2x x element of first row and third column in its
1 inverse.
1
2x (A) – 2 (B) 7 (C) 1 (D) 5
1 Ans. (B) 7
x
2
1 2 3
1 1
91) For matrix A .......... of the following Here | A | 0 1 2 1(1 0) 2(0) 3(0) = 1
1 1
is true. 0 0 1

1 1 |A| = 1
(A) A T
1 1
1
1 1 Now A 1 (adjA)
(B) A 1 (C) A + AT = 2I |A|
1 1
Required element = c31
(D) A where R – {0} 2 3
1 1 = 4 3 7
Ans. (C) A + AT = 2I 1 2

First we check option (A)

1 1 1
1 1 1 1 0 1 2
If A then A T 1
2 2 2
1 1 1 1 93) If A 1 2 3 and A 4 3 b
Option (A) is not true 3 a 1 5 3 1
2 2 2
Now we check option (B).
1 1 then value of a and b = ......
|A| 1 (1)( 1) 1 1 2
1 1 1
(A) 2 and (B) 1 and – 1
2
1
A 1 (adjA)
|A| 1 1 1
(C) 1 and (D) and
1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2
A 1
2 1 1 1 1 Ans. (B) 1 and – 1
Option (B) is not true.
0 1 2
Now we check option (C).
Here | A | 1 2 3
1 1 1 1 3 a 1
A + AT = – 1(1 – 9) + 2(a – 6)
1 1 1 1
= 2a – 4
1 1 1 1
= Here cofactor of A are as follow
1 1 1 1
2 3 1 3
2 0 1 0 C11 2 3a , C12 8
= 2 2I a 1 3 1
0 2 0 1
A+ AT = 2I 1 2
C13 a 6
Option (C) is true. 3 a
 62 GUJCET Darpan : Maths - 'Kumar'

Similarly C21 = 2a – 1, C22 = – 6, C23 = 3 – 2k – 2 + 6 0

C31 = – 1, C32 = 2 and C33 = – 1 – 2k + 4 0
– 2k –4
C11 C21 C31
k 2
adjA C12 C22 C32
95) Number of solution of the equations x + y – z = 0,
C13 C23 C33
3x – y – z = 0 and x – 3y + 2z = 0 are ...... .
2 3a 2a 1 1 (A) Zero (B) Exact two
= 8 6 2 (C) Only one (D) Infinite
a 6 3 1 Ans. (C) Only one
1
Now A 1 adjA |A| = Denots the determinant obtained by
|A| coefficients of x, y and z
2 3a 2a 1 1 1 1 1
1
8 6 2 ... (i) 3 1 1
2a 4 =
a 6 3 1 1 3 2
= 1(– 2 – 3) – 1(6 + 1) – 1(– 9 + 1)
1 1 1
= –5 – 7 + 8
2 2 2
But given that A 1
4 3 b ... (ii) = – 12 + 8
5 3 1 |A| = –4
2 2 2 System of equation has unique solution.
Hence equation has only one solution.
From (i) and (ii) we get 96) System of equation 2x – y + z = 0, kx – y + 2z = 0
1 1 2 and x – 2y + z = 0 has unique solution then
and b k ......
2a 4 2 2a 4
2 (A) 3 (B) 2 (C) 5 (D) – 4
2 2a 4 and b Ans. (C) 5
2 4
2a = 2, b = – 1 |A| = Denots the determinant obtained by
a = 1 coefficients of x, y and z
Hence we have a = 1 and b = – 1 Now system of equation has unique solution.
94) Given system of linear equation kx + y = 3, |A| 0
x + 2y = 3 and 3x + 4y = 7 has unique solution 2 1 1
then k ...... k 1 2 0
1 1 2 1
(A) 2 (B) – 1 (C) (D) 1
3 2(– 1 + 4) + 1(k – 2) + 1(– 2k + 1) 0
Ans. (A) 2
6 + k – 2 – 2k + 1 0
| A | = Determinant obtain by coefficients of x, y
5 – k 0
and const. term
k 5
Given that equation has unique solution.
97) System of equation x + y + z = 2, 2x + y – z = 3
|A| 0 and 3x + 2y + kz = 4 has unique solution then
........
k 1 3
(A) – 1 < k < 1 (B) k 0
1 2 3 0
(C) k = 0 (D) – 2 < k < 2
3 4 7
Ans. (B) k 0
k(– 14 + 12) – 1 (– 7 + 9) – 3(4 – 6) 0 Solve as per question 98.
 3. Matrices 63

3 2 1 2
98) If A and if A2 + xA + yI = 0 then a 2 3 4 13
1 1 100) If 3 4 then
b 5 1 12 11
(x, y) = ....... 1 1
(A) (1, 4) (B) (– 4, 1) (C) (2, – 1) (D) (– 1, 0) (a, b) = ......

Ans. (B) (– 4, 1) (A) (– 2, – 1) (B) (1, – 4)

(C) (– 3, 2) (D) (– 2, 2)
2 3 2 3 2 11 8
A A A Ans. (B) (1, – 4)
1 1 1 1 4 3
A2 + xA + yI = 0 1 2
a 2 3 4 13
Here 3 4
11 8 3x 2x y 0 0 0 b 5 1 12 11
1 1
4 3 x x 0 y 0 0
a 6 3 2a 8 3 4 13
11 3x y 8 2x 0 0
b 15 1 2b 20 1 12 11
4 1x 3 x y 0 0
4 + x = 0 and 3 + x + y = 0 a 3 2a 11 4 13
x = – 4 and 3 – 4 + y = 0 b 16 2b 19 12 11
a + 3 = 4 and b + 16 = 12
y = 1
a = 1 b = –4
(x, y) = (– 4, 1).
(a, b) = (1, – 4)
3 3 3 4
99) If A 3 3 3 then value of A4 = ...... 0 a
101) If = I then ...... of the following is true.
3 3 3 b 0
(A) 243 A (B) 729 A (A) a = – b (B) a = b2
(C) 81 A (D) None of these (C) ab = 1 (D) a = 1 = 2b
Ans. (B) 729 A Ans. (C) ab = 1
0 a
1 1 1 Take A
b 0
A 3 1 1 1
1 1 1 0 a 0 a
A2 A A
b 0 b 0
1 1 1 1 1 1
A2 A A 9 1 1 1 1 1 1 ab 0
=
1 1 1 1 1 1 0 ab
Now A4 = A2 · A2

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ab 0 ab 0
=
= 9 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 ab 0 ab
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
a 2b 2 0
3 3 3 A4
=9 3 3 3 0 a 2b 2
3 3 3 0 a
Given that A 4 I
b 0
A2 = 9A ... (i)
a 2b 2 0 1 0
A4 = A2 · A2 = (9A) (9A)
0 a 2b 2 0 1
= 81 A2
= 81 (9A) a2 b2 = 1
A4 = 729 A ab = 1
 64 GUJCET Darpan : Maths - 'Kumar'

f(A) = A2 – 3A + 7I
i 0 i i i
102) If P 0 i i and Q 0 0 are 7 12 3 6 7 0
i i 0 i i f(A) =
24 17 12 15 0 7
given matrix then PQ = ...... where i2 = – 1. 7 3 7 12 6 0
f (A)
24 12 0 17 15 7
2 2 2 1
(A) 1 1 (B) 1 2 3 6
f (A)
1 1 1 1 12 9

2 2 0 1 3 6
(C) 1 2 (D) 2 1 f (A) ...(i)
12 9
2 1 1 1
3 6
Now f (A)
2 2 12 9

Ans. (A) 1 1
3 6 3 6
1 1 = 0 ( From result(i))
12 9 12 9

i2 0 i2 i2 0 i2 1 1
104) If A = 1 1 then A100 = .....
P Q 0 0 i2 0 0 i2
(A) 2101A (B) 299A (C) 2(10)2A (D) 100 · A
2 2
i 0 0 i 0 0 Ans. (B) 299A
( using product rule of matrix) For any square matrix A we have An = 2n – 1 · A
1 1 1 0 1 Where n is given power of A.
Here A100 = 2100 – 1 · A = 299A
= 1 ( 1) ( i2 = – 1)
1 ( 1) a b
105) If A for given square matrix | A | = 0
c d
2 2
and if A2 – (a + d) A + kI = 0 then value of
= 1 1 k = ........
1 1 (A) ad + bc (B) ac – bd
1 2 (C) zero (D) bd + c
103) If A and f(x) = x2 – 3x + 7 then
4 5 Ans. (C) zero
3 6 A2 – (a + d)A + kI = 0
f (A) = ........
12 9
a b a b a b 1 0
0 1 (a d) k 0
(A) I (B) c d c d c d 0 1
1 0
a2 bc ab bd a2 ad ab bd
1 1
(C) 0 (zero matrix) (D) ac cd bc d 2
ac cd ad d2
0 0
Ans. (C) 0 (zero matrix)
k 0 0 0
Here f(A) = A2 – 3A + 7I.
0 k 0 0
( Taking A in place of x in given f(x))
1 2 1 2 1 8 2 10 bc ad k 0 0 0
A2 A A 0 bc ad k 0 0
4 5 4 5 4 20 8 25

7 12 Using equality of matrix we get k = 0

A2
24 17 ( Here given that | A | = 0 we get ad – bc = 0)
 3. Matrices 65

106) Value of determinant of the 3 3 matrix is 6

cos cos sin sin
and B = 5A 2 is any matrix then value of =
sin sin cos cos
determinant B = ...... .
(A) 150 (B) 230 2cos 0
=
(C) 320 (D) None of these 0 2cos
Ans. (D) None of these 1 0
= 2cos = (2cos )I
Here B = 5A2 0 1
| B | = | 5A2 |
110) Matrix B = [bij] is of the order 2 3 and
= 53| A |2 ( | k · x | = kn | x |, where n
= 125 (62) is order of matrix) i j
bij then matrix B = ......
i j
= 125 36 (Hariyana CEET - 1998)
| B | = 4500 which is not given in any option.
1 1 1 1
107) A and B are inverse matrix of each other then 0 0
......... is true. 3 2 3 5
(A) (B)
1 1 1 1
(A) A · B = 0, BA = I (B) AB = BA 0 0
3 5 3 2
(C) A – B = B – A = 0 (D) AB = BA = I
1 1 1
Ans. (D) AB = BA = I 2 1 0
3 3 3
As per definition of inverse matrix we have (C) (D)
1 1 2 1
AB = I and B · A = I. 1 1
2 5 3 3
AB = BA = I

2a 1 3b 1 1
a 3 b2 2 0
108) If 2 then 3 2
0 a 5b 0 6 Ans. (A) 1 1
values of a and b are .......... respectively. 0
3 5
(MP PET - 2012) b11 b12 b13
(A) 2 and –1 (B) 2 and 2 We take matrix B
b21 b22 b23
(C) 3 and 5 (D) –1 and –2 i j
Ans. (B) 2 and 2 Now bij where i = 1, 2 and j = 1, 2, 3
i j
Using matrix inequality we have 2a + 1 = a + 3 1 1 0 1 2 1
and a2 – 5b = – 6. b11 0, b12
1 1 2 1 2 3
2a + 1 = a + 3 a2 – 5b = – 6 1 3 2 1
b13
2a – a = 3 – 1 (2)2 – 5b = – 6 1 3 4 2
a = 2 4 + 6 = 5b 1 1
Similarly b21 , b22 0 and b23
5b = 10 3 5
b = 2 1 1
0
cos sin 3 2
B
109) If A = then A + AT = ........ 1 1
sin cos 0
(Punjab CEET - 2006) 3 5
(A) 2A (B) 0 xy y2
111) If A then A2 = ......
(C) (2cos )I (D) (– 2sin )I x2 xy
Ans. (C) (2cos )I
(A) I (B) AT
cos sin cos sin (C) 0 (zero matrix) (D) None of these
A AT
sin cos sin cos Ans. (C) 0 (zero matrix)
 66 GUJCET Darpan : Maths - 'Kumar'

115) If A = [aij]3 3 is a matrix. If Aij are the cofactors

2 xy y2 xy y2
A A A of aij then a11 A11 + a12 A12 + a13 A13 = ........
x2 xy x2 xy
(Rajasthan PET - 2009)
2 2
x y 2 2
x y xy 3
xy 3 (A) | AT | (B) | A | (C) adjA (D) I
=
x3y x3y x2 y 2 x2y 2 Ans. (B) | A |
If elements of row (or column) are multiplied
0 0 with cofactors of any other row (or column)
= = 0 (zero matrix)
0 0 then the sum of matrices will be equal to
cos x sin x determinants.
112) If A( x ) and + = 2n ,
sin x cos x [For more information see note given on page
n Z then A( ) · A( ) = ........ no. 124 of Textbook of example-21]
1 0 116) If [a b c] · A = [x y] then order of A is ......... .
(A) A( ) (B) [A( )] 2 (C) (D) 0
0 1 (A) 3 1 (B) 81 3 (C) 3 2 (D) 2 3
1 0 Ans. (C) 3 2
Ans. (C)
0 1
Order of matrix [a b c] = 1 3 and
cos sin cos sin
Here A( ) A( ) Order of matrix [x, y] is 1 2
sin cos sin cos
Suppose order of A is p q.
cos cos sin sin cos sin sin cos
= We get p = 3 and q = 2
sin cos cos sin sin sin cos cos
cos( ) sin( ) Order of A, p q = 3 2
= ( Using formula of
sin( ) cos( ) 117) If A = [aij]3 is given matrix aij if aij = – aji
3
cos( + ) and sin( + )
then elements of principle diagonal of | A | =
cos(2n ) sin(2n ) 1 0 ......... .
=
sin(2n ) cos(2n ) 0 1 (A) 0 (B) 1 (C) – 1

113) A is any 3 3 matrix whose inverse exists then (D) Any number other than 1 and 0
det(A–1) = .......... Ans. (A) 0
1 Here aij = – aji
(A) (B) I (C) 0 (D) AT
det(A) If i = j then aij + aji = 0
Ans. (B) I
2aij = 0
For any square matrix of any order det(A–1) = I
aij = 0
x 0 0 Elements of principle diagonal of | A | are zero.
114) If A 0 x 0 then | A | · | adjA | = ........
0 0 x i 0 i 2
118) If +A = A then A = ........
3 i 3 4 i
(A) x9 (B) x27 (C) 9A (D) 3A–1
Ans. (A) x9 0 1 1 0
(A) (B)
0 2 i 0 2 i
x 0 0
Here | A | = 0 x 0 1 2 i
0 0 x (C) (D) 0
i 2 i
= x(x2 – 0) – 0 – 0 = x3
And | adjA | = | A |2 = (x3)2 = x6 0 1
Ans. (A)
| A | · | adjA | = x3 · x6 = x3 + 6 = x9 0 2 i
 3. Matrices 67

i 0 i 2 Here A2 = A · A
A A
3 i 3 4 i i 0 i 0
=
i 2 i 0 0 i 0 i
2A
3 4 i 3 i
i2 0 0 0
i i 2 0 =
= 0 0 0 i2
3 3 4 i i
0 2 1 0
= =
0 2(2 i ) 0 1
0 1 1 0 1 0
2A 2 A4 A2 A2
0 2 i 0 1 0 1
0 1 1 0 0 0
A =
0 2 i 0 0 0 1

5 1 3 0 2 3 1 0
119) If A and B are =
0 1 2 1 1 4 0 1
given matrix then (A · B')' = ........ A4 = I
(Hariyana PET - 2007) A4n = (A4)n = In
A4n = I
7 8 7 8
(A) (B) 121) A is square matrix of order 3 3 and if
0 7 18 7
A · (adjA) = 8I then detA = .......
8 7 6 3
(C) (D) (A) 8 (B) 2 (C) 24 (D) 4
7 0 1 7
Ans. (A) 8
7 8 Here A · adjA = 8I
Ans. (B)
18 7 | A · adjA | = 18 · I |

Here (AB')' = (B')' · A' | A | · | adjA | = 8

= B · A' | A | · | A |3 – 1 = 83
( If A is any 3 3 matrix then
5 0
0 2 3 | AdjA | = | A |3 – 1)
= 1 1
1 1 4 | A | · | A |2 = 83
3 2
| A |3 = 83
0 2 9 0 2 6
= |A| = 8
5 1 12 0 1 8
det(A) = 8

7 8 1
(AB')' 1 tan 1 tan a b
18 7 122) If tan 1 tan 1 b a
i 0 then ........ (Tamilnadu CEET - 2009)
120) If A then A4n = ......, where i2 = – 1
0 i
(A) a = 1, b = – 1
(MP PET - 2005)
(B) a = cos2 , b = sin2
0 i i 0 (C) a = sin2 , b = cos
(A) (B) (C) I (D) 0
i 0 0 i (D) a = cot2 , b = – tan2
Ans. (C) I Ans. (B) a = cos2 , b = sin2
 68 GUJCET Darpan : Maths - 'Kumar'

Here we take, 124) For any non zero square matrix A if detA = 4
then det(AT) = ...... (Where AT is transpose
1 tan 1 tan
A and B matrix of A)
tan 1 tan 1 1
(A) 16 (B) 8 (C) 4 (D)
1 tan 4
First take B Ans. (C) 4
tan 1
Here det(AT) = det(A)
| B | = 1 + tan2 = sec2 0 det(AT) = 4
1 tan 125) A is square matrix such that A 2 = I then
and adj(B) A–1 = ......... (MP PET - 2009)
tan 1
(A) 2A (B) 0 (C) A + I (D) A
1 1 1 tan
B Ans. (D) A
sec2 tan 1
A2 = I
a b A2 · A–1 = I · A–1
A B 1 (given)
b a A = A–1

1 tan 1 tan a b
Hence A–1 = A
1
tan 1 sec2 tan 1 b a 2 3 5
126) If A 1 k 2 is singular matrix then
2 0 1 1
1 tan tan tan a b
cos 2 k = ........
tan tan 1 tan 2 b a
5 7 3
(A) 2 (B) (C) (D)
3 2 5
sin 2 sin Ans. (A) 2
1 2
2 cos a b
cos
cos2 A is singular matrix,
sin sin 2 b a
2 1 detA = 0
cos cos2
2 3 5
cos 2 sin 2 2sin cos a b
1 k 2 0
2sin cos cos2 sin 2 b a
0 1 1
2 8 5
cos2 sin 2 a b
1 2 k 2 0 ( Take C2 C2 + C3)
sin 2 cos2 b a
0 0 1
Using equality of matrix we have a = cos2 , 2(– 2 – k) – 8(– 1) = 0
b = sin2 . – 4 – 2k + 8 = 0
123) A and B are square matrix of order 3 3and if – 2k + 4 = 0
| A | = – 1, | B | = 3 then | 3AB | = ......
2k = 4
(Delhi CEET - 2010)
k = 2
(A) – 27 (B) – 81 (C) 9 (D) 81
Ans. (B) – 81 a b
127) If A = is such that A2 = I then ......
c –a
Here | 3AB | = det(3AB)
(GUJCET-2020)
= 33det(AB)
(A) 1 + a2 – bc = 0 (B) 1 + a2 + bc = 0
= 27| A | | B |
(C) 1 – a2 + bc = 0 (D) 1 – a2 – bc = 0
= 27 (– 1) (3)
= – 81 Ans. (D) 1 – a2 – bc = 0
 3. Matrices 69

A2 = I ( Given) cos sin

130) If A then A3 = ...... .
A A = I sin cos
(GUJCET-2022)
a b a b 1 0
=
c –a c –a 0 1 cos3 sin 3 cos3 sin 3
(A) (B)
sin 3 cos3 sin 3 cos3
a2 bc 0 1 0
= cos3 sin 3 cos3 sin 3
0 bc a 2 0 1
(C) (D)
sin 3 cos3 cos3 sin 3
a2 + bc = 1
1 – a2 – bc = 0 cos3 sin3
Ans. (C)
128) If A is a square matrix such that = I then A2 sin3 cos3
3 3
(A – I) + (A + I) – 7A is equal to .......... . cos sin cos n sin n
P(n) if A = then An = sin n cos n
(GUJCET-2020) sin cos
(A) A (B) I – A (C) I + A (D) 3A n N
Ans. (A) A cos3 sin 3
A3 = (n = 3)
sin 3 cos3
A2 = I (Given)
Now (A – I)3 + (A + I)3 – 7A x y –2 –7 –2
131) If , then 2x + 4y + 2z
= A3 – I3 – 3AI(A – I) + A3 + I3 + 3AI(A + I) – 7A 7 z x–y 5 0
= .......... (GUJCET-2023)
= A2 A – I – 3A2 + 3AI2 + A2 A + I + 3A2I +
3AI2 – 7A (A) –25 (B) –9 (C) 17 (D) –14
= AI – I – 3I2 + 3A + AI + I + 3A2 + 3A – 7A Ans. (A) –25
= A – I – 3I + 3A + A + I + 3I + 3A – 7A x y –2 –7 –2
= 8A – 7A – 4I + 4I 7 z x–y 5 0
= A – 0 x + y = –7 ...(1)
= A 7 + z = 5 ...(2)
1 5 1 0 x – y = 0 ...(3)
129) If A = and B = , then which one
6 7 1 1 Solving (1) and (3),
of the following is incorrect. (GUJCET-2021) x + y = –7
(A) A adj A = |A|I (B) (A + B) = B + A x – y = 0
(C) (AB) = A B (D) (AB)–1 = B–1, A–1
2x = –7
Ans. (C) (AB) = A B
7
x = –
1 5 1 0 2
A = , B =
6 7 1 1 7
From (3), x = y y = –
According to property of matrix 2
A(adjA) = |A| I, Option (A) is correct. From (2), 7 + z = 5
and (A + B) = A + B = B + A z = –2
Option (B) is correct. 2x + 4y + 2z
and (AB)–1 = B–1 A–1 Option (D) is correct. 7 7
2 – 4 – 2(–2)
but (AB) = B A 2 2
in option (C), (AB) = A B is given. = –7 – 14 – 4

(C) is incorrect. = –25

 70 GUJCET Darpan : Maths - 'Kumar'

3 Ans. (D) 25 I
132) If A = [1 2] and B , then (BA) = ........
4 0 0 –5
(GUJCET-2023)
A 0 –5 0
4 8 3 6 3 4
(A) –5 0 0
6 3 (B) 4 8 (C) 6 8 (D) [11]
A2 = A A
3 4
0 0 –5 0 0 –5
Ans. (C) 6 8
0 –5 0 0 –5 0
3 –5 0 0 –5 0 0
A = [1, 2] B
4
0 0 25 0 0 0 0 0 0
3
BA [1, 2] 0 0 0 0 25 0 0 0 0
4
0 0 0 0 0 0 25 0 0
3 6
BA 25 0 0
4 8
0 25 0
3 6 3 4
(BA) = = 0 0 25
4 8 6 8
1 0 0
0 0 –5
25 0 1 0
133) If A 0 –5 0 , then A2 = ............
0 0 1
–5 0 0
(GUJCET-2023)
= 25 I
(A) 25 A (B) –5 I (C) 5 A (D) 25 I