Unit -1

FOUR BONDS OF BSG

Introduction:
Rovering/Rangering is the senior wing of Scouting and Guiding. Rovering/Rangering
was started by founder of the scouting movement Lord Powell in 1919. Any regular student of
College/ University between the age group of 16-25 years can be enlisted as Rover (Boy)/
Ranger (Girl). A unit consists of 24 Rovers called Rover crew and 24 Rangers called ranger
team. Rovering/Rangering is a uniformed activity

Aim and Objectives of R and R :

Rovering/Rangering is an international voluntary non-political educational movement
for youths. The purpose of the movement is to contribute towards the development of young
people in achieving their full Physical, Intellectual Social and Spiritual potential as an individual
as well as responsible citizens and members of Local, National and International community,
through several outdoor activities, social and community service campaigns.

Monitoring wildlife and the forest : Rangers are the eyes and ears of the forest, protecting
wildlife and the landscape is the key purpose behind their patrolling Rangers record sightings of
the different species they see along with signs of an animal such as pugmarks or scat.

Benefits of R and R:

1. It helps in all round development of the personality of the youth.

2. Inculcate the good manners and ideals of disciplined living.

3. Consideration for Govt Jobs (Awardees of Rajya Puraskar and Rashtrapathi Puraskar)

4. Awarding marks as per the guidelines of University.

5. To practice national integration

6. To develop personality through community services

7. To engage themselves in creative and constructive social work

8. To work with and among people

9. To gain leadership skills

 10. To enable students to have ethical sense

11. Camps : R and R provide various types of training related to the personality development
like leadership, discipline, social service, disastermanagement, first aid,
firfighting, community development programme , civil defence and environment
conservation etc….

Sign of rover and rangers:

A "half-salute", known as the Scout sign, is also used in certain situations. The
hand is still held palm facing out, and the thumb holding the little finger, but the hand is
held at the shoulder instead. Other organizations with historical ties to Scouting such as
Scouts Royale Brotherhood and Alpha Phi Omega use it as well.

Meaning of the three fingers.

1. Honour God and Country

2. Help Others
3. Obey the Scout Law
Salute of rover and rangers:
most situations, the salute is made with the palm face out, the thumb holding down the
little finger, and with the fingertips on the brow of the head. Scout Salute is an expression of
mutual esteem and good-will. It is a mark of respect and good manners.
The three-finger salute is used by members of Scout and Guide organizations around the world
when greeting other Scouts and in respect of a national flag at ceremonies. In most situations, the
salute is made with the right hand, palm face out, the thumb holding down the little finger. There
are some variations of the salute between national Scouting organizations and also within some
programme sections

Left hand shake:

The left-handed Scout handshake is a formal way of greeting other Scouts of both
genders and is used by members of Scout and Guide organizations around the world. The
handshake is made with the hand nearest the heart and is offered as a token of friendship.
In most situations, the handshake is made firmly, without interlocking fingers, and many
organizations only use this handshake when both people are in uniform. There are some
variations of the handshake between national Scouting organizations and also within
some program sections.

There is a story that when Baden Powell entered Kumasi, the capital city of the
Ashanti he was met by one of the Great Chiefs of the Ashanti, he saluted them and then offered
his right hand out as a sign of friendship, but the Chief transferred his shield which he held in his
left hand to his right which contained his spear and offered his left hand as a sign of friendship.
When asked why Baden Powell was told that by offering his left hand which traditionally was
used to hold a shield for protection he was showing his trust to his enemy or friend for with out
the shield for protection he was open to attack

Moto of rover and ranger:

Motto – Selfless Service to Others. MemberShip - A Rover crew is under the

leadership of Rover Leader (Lecturer male) and Ranger team is under the leadership of
ranger leader (Lecturer female) registered in college

Good turn :

A Good Turn is a volunteered kind act of good deed without expecting anything in return. Rovers
must be encouraged to watch for things that need to be done, and then do them without being
asked. More, Rovers most be trained and educated into the Good Turn Habit.
 UNIT – 2
DISCIPLINE AND UNIFORM
Uniform of rangers:
Salwar, kameez and Dupatta :
Deep sky blue salwar, Light blue kameez of plain non-transparent material. The length of the
kameez shall be up to knees. The kameez shall have two patch pockets, two side pockets and half
sleeves 8 cm above the elbow turned up and stiched down cuffs 4 cm wide open sports collar
with epauletters on both shoulders. The salwar and kameez shall not be tight-fitted. The dupatta
shall be deep sky-blue in color made in plain non-transparent material.

Belt:
Brown leather belt with the official buckle of the Bharat Scout & Guides supplied by the national
headquarters.

Scarf:
A Scarf of the group color and pattern other than green, purple and yellow as approved by the
local or district association shall be worn round the neck and over the collar and epauletters with
the group woggle. The shape of the scarf shall be triangular with a base and two sides, each of
the two sides shall have a minimum length of 70 cm and maximum of 80 cm.

Socks:
White color.

Foot Wear:
Black leather closed shoes.

Hair Ribbon:
Black plain ribbon or black plain hair band (without any design).

Membership Badge:
A cloth badge with green background, with Fleur-de-lis in yellow super imposed by the trefoil
with ashoka chakra also in yellow in the center shall be worn in the middle of the left sleeve.

Shoulder Badge:
A shoulder badge of 6cm to 8 cm length and 1.5 cm width with white background and serial
number and name of the group or district (Educational District) in red letter shall be worn on
both shoulders just below the seam.

Patrol Emblem:
Every guide shall wear patrol emblem. It shall be embroidered on black background with green
border, 4 cm in diameter. It shall be worn above the left pocket on the sash.
Cardigan:
When worn it shall be black without any design. Sleeveless according to the season allowed.

Sash:
Deep sky blue sash with 12 cm width should be worn on left shoulder across the chest so, that
the lower end of the sash will come up to just below the hip level on the right with proficiency
badges earned in accordance to the girls program in ascending order.
 Uniform of rover:

(i) Shirt:
A steel Grey shirt with two patch pockets with shoulder straps with Half or rolled up sleeves,
sleeves may be turned down in cold weather.

(ii) Shorts or Trousers :

Navy blue shorts or trousers shall be worn. But at the time of Rashtrapati Scout Testing camp
and Rashtsapati Award Rally-Trousers are compulsory.Trousers shall neither be loose fitting nor
tight fitting and shall have two side pockets and one back pocket.

(iii) Head-Dress :
Dark blue beret cap with the official cap badge supplied by the National Association.A Sikh may
wear a blue turban with the official cap badge Head Dress is compulsory during ceremonies.

(iv) Belt :
Grey Nylex belt with official buckle of the Bharat Scouts & Guides supplied by the National
Association.

(v) Scarf :
A triangular scarf of the Group colour other than green, purple or yellow and pattern approved
by the Local or District Association as the case may shoulder straps with the Group woggle,
other than Gilwell woggle. Each of the two sides of scarf shall have a minimum length of 70cms
and a maximum of 80cms.

(vi) Shoulder Badge :

A Shoulder Badge of 6 to 8 c.m x 1.5 c.m with white background and Red Border and the serial
No.and Name of the group in Red letters shall be worn on both the shoulders just below the seam
with a little curve . Note : Members of the Group which consists of Sea Scouts or Air Scouts
shall not include on shoulder badge the words "Sea Scout "or" Air Scout" in red colour supplied
by the National Association shall be worn on shoulder straps on both sides.
(vii). Shoulder stripes :
Two Shoulder stripes indicative of the colour and name of the patrol as shown in Scouting for
Boys, each 5cms long and 1.5 cms wide stitched horizontally,each 2 cms apart on a square shape
steel grey cloth.This patch shall be worn at the top of the left sleeve immediately below the
Shoulder Badge. Note: If there is Ambulance man badge,Shoulder stripes shall be worn below
the Ambulance man badge.

(viii) Membership Badge:

A Cloth badge with green background and Fluer-de-lis in yellow superimposed by the Trefoil
with Ashoka Chakra also in yellow in the centre shall be worn in the centre of the pleat of the left
pocket of the shirt.

(ix) Socks or Stockings :

Black Socks or Stocking may be worn,Stocking should be rolled down below the knees with the
green garter tabs 1.5cm visible outside Stockings will be worn with shorts only.

(x) World Scout Badge:

World Scout Badge should be worn in the centre of the pleat of the right pocket of the shirt.

(xi) Footwear:
"Black shoes (leather or canvas) with laces may be worn".

(xii) Over Coat,Blazer or Jacket :

A navy blue overcoat or navy blue Blazer or navy blue wind cheater may be worn in the
winter season only.

(xiii) Metal Badge :

In mufti,a metal badge of the Bharat Scouts & Guides may be worn.

(xiv) Lanyard :
Grey lanyard worn round the neck with a whistle tucked in the left pocket of the shirt, Knotting
rope of 3 mtrs.of standard size shall be worn in the uniform.

(xv) Haversack or Rucksack

A Haversack or Rucksack may be carried during out door activities.

(xvi)The BSG stripe

The name stripe containing "The Bharat Scouts & Guides" supplied by National Headquarters
may be worn on just above the right pocket of the shirt. The size of the stripe should be 11 cm x2
cm, the right corner of whici should be tri colour of National Flag of the size of 2 cm x 3cm and
rest for the Title of The Bharat Scout & Guides'.

14 programme ideals :
Final Educational Objectives of Rovering and Rangering The Bharat Scouts and Guides purpose
is fulfilled by providing education for life through all the three stages of the Youth Life in the
Association expect that every young People who complete the full course of the Youth
programme of the Association will be able to

1. Make scouting a way of life

2. Become an active and participating citizen.
3. Improve skills, vocational and otherwise to be self dependent & useful to others.
4. Emerge as practical person who has respect for himself and for others and their
experiences.
5. Realize that he/she has a responsibility in the development of his community and
undertake community development projects individually and collectively
6. Lead a refined religious life in service of man and God/ Dharma.
7. Select in future, a right partner for a life of full understanding & adjustment and lead a
harmonious life.
8. Do all his/her best to protect public property.
9. Prepare himself/herself to do his/her duty to country & develop love for universal
brotherhood/sisterhood i.e. Peace and goodwill among human beings.
10. Develop a positive attitude to undertake considerable risk for others, making full use of
his/her Rovering/Rangering skills and values
11. Work for the upkeep of our national heritage & culture with love for human values
12. Promote & participate in the developmental activities pertaining to National priorities
like National Integration, Population Education, Conservation, Sanitation, etc.
 13. Become a strategic leader who loves to grow with the group.
14. Have fair understanding of the world affairs in general. NEP Curricular Framework for
Rovers &

UNIT-3
B.P.SIX
What is BP six exercise?
The weight of the body must be on the toes all the time and the knees turned outwards to
make you balance more easily. Then gradually raise the body and come to the first position
again. Repeat the exercise for 12 times.

Golden rules of exercise:

Breathe out when pointing to the right. Repeat six times, change the breathing to the other side
and repeat six times. For the Trunk: This is also called the “Cone Exercise”. Standing at
“Attention” position, raise both hands, as high as possible over the head, and link fingers.

I EXERCISE
For the Head: Rub the head and face, firmly over several times with the palms and fingers of
both hands. Thumb the muscles of the neck and throat.

II EXERCISE
For the Chest: From upright position bend to the front, arms stretched downwards, with back of
the hands together in front of the knees. Breathe out. Raise the hand gradually over the head
and lean back as far as possible, drawing a deep breath through the nose as you do. Lower the
arms gradually to the sides, breathing out the word “Thanks” through the mouth. Lastly, bend
forward again, breathing out the last bit of breath in you, and saying the number of times you
have done it in order to keep count.

Repeat this exercise 12 times.

III EXERCISE
For the Stomach: Standing upright, send out both arms, fingers extended, straight to the front,
then slowly swing round to the right from the hips without moving the feet, and point the right
arms as far round behind you as you can, keeping both arms level with, or a little higher than, the
shoulders. Then, after a pause, swing slowly round as far as you can to the left. Breathe in when
pointing to the left. “Body twisting”.

Breathe out when pointing to the right. Repeat six times, change the breathing to the other side
and repeat six times.

IV EXERCISE
For the Trunk: This is also called the “Cone Exercise”. Standing at “Attention” position, raise
both hands, as high as possible over the head, and link fingers. Lean backwards, and then sway
the arms very slowly round in the direction of a cone, so that the hands make a wide circle above
and around the body, the body turning from the hips, and leaning over one side. Then to the
front, then to the other side, and then back.

After completing the circle, start in the opposite direction. Repeat six times both ways. Breathe in
when leaning backward and breathe out when leaning forward.

V EXERCISE
For Lower Body and Back of Legs: Stand with feet slightly apart, touch your head with both
hands and look up into the sky, leaning back as far as you can, and then bend forward and
downward till your fingers touch your toes, without bending your knees.

Repeat 12 times.

VI EXERCISE
For Legs, Feet and Toes: Stand in ‘Attention’ position, put the hands on the hips, stand on tip-
toe, turn the knees outwards, and bend them slowly down to a squatting position, keeping the
heels off the ground the whole time. Then gradually raise the body and come to the first position
again.

Advantages of exercise:
SIX EXERCISE FOR GOOD HEALTH AND WELL BEING.

1. Being physically active can improve your brain health,

2. help manage weight,

3. reduce the risk of disease,

4. strengthen bones and muscles,

5.and improve your ability to do everyday activit

 UNIT-4
FIRST AID
First aid refers to medical attention that is usually administered immediately after the
injury occurs and at the location where it occurred. It often consists of a one-time, short-term
treatment and requires little technology or training to administer. First aid can include cleaning
minor cuts, scrapes, or scratches; treating a minor burn; applying bandages and dressings; the use
of non-prescription medicine; draining blisters; removing debris from the eyes; massage; and
drinking fluids to relieve heat stress. For example: A worker goes to the first-aid room and has a
dressing applied to a minor cut by a registered nurse. Although the registered nurse is a health
care professional, the employer does not have to report the accident because the worker simply
received first aid.

A basic first aid kit may contain:

 plasters in a variety of different sizes and shapes

 small, medium and large sterile gauze dressings
 at least 2 sterile eye dressings
 triangular bandages
 crêpe rolled bandages
 safety pins
 disposable sterile gloves
 tweezers
 scissors
 alcohol-free cleansing wipes
 sticky tape
 thermometer (preferably digital)
 skin rash cream, such as hydrocortisone or calendula
 cream or spray to relieve insect bites and stings
 antiseptic cream
 painkillers such as paracetamol (or infant paracetamol for children), aspirin (not to be
given to children under 16), or ibuprofen
 antihistamine cream or tablets
 distilled water for cleaning wounds
 eye wash and eye bath
 what is first aider:
1. A first aider is a person trained to take care of individuals involved in
an emergency.
2. Particularly, first aiders look after injured or ill
3. patients who need immediate medical care.
4. They also ensure that their patients are safe and away from further harm.
5. They have certificates to validate their skills and knowledge in first aid which
guarantees that the person in charge knows how to properly apply first aid.6
6. Nominated first aiders are mostly needed in the workplace. An employer seeks to
have a first aider on-site to comply with specific regulations.
7.
What Are the Roles of First Aiders?

1. As a first aider, you’re responsible for providing immediate, lifesaving medical care to
an ill or injured person.
2. You are on the hook for treating minor conditions, like a wound, external bleeding, or
injury, for example.
3. First aiders are vital in ensuring the patient’s safety, especially before further medical
help arrives. Or before bringing the casualty to the hospital.
4. These are a few tasks that you may be expected to perform as a first aider:
 Maintaining the airway of an unconscious person by placing them in a recovery position
 Performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation CPR or using an automated external defibrillator
(AED) and other equipment
 Applying pressure to stop external bleeding
 Supporting an injured limb
Your main role is to prevent risk, save lives, and ensure the health and safety of casualties.

What is bandages :

Bandages are an essential medical supply for any first aid kit. They allow for the effective
provision of wound care for a variety of different injuries and facilitate the wound healing
process. A number of bandages are available, with different types intended for specific purposes
and for application to specific body parts. Knowing which bandages to use on certain types of
injuries is a vital part of administering first aid and ensuring that the wound is managed
correctly. An incorrect application of a bandage can potentially lead to further harm of the
patient.
Here we take a look at some of the main types of bandages that are used in the course of first aid
and their specific use cases

A bandage is a piece of soft, absorbent material that can be used to:

 Hold a dressing in place over a wound
 Support a splint
 Immobilise a wounded body part
 Compress a soft tissue injury.
 Types of bandages and how to tie:

1.

Crepe Bandages (Gauze Bandages)

Uses
A crepe bandage is incredibly versatile in that it can be used for a number of different
applications, including:
 Holding a dressing in place
 Medium injury support (e.g. joint immobilisation)
 Compression
How to Apply a Crepe Bandage
1. Ensure the body part you need to bandage is settled in a position that is comfortable for the
patient
2. Start by wrapping twice around the injury, firmly, (only unrolling a few centimetres at a time)
to lock the end of the bandage securely in place
3. Wrap from the middle of the body part/limb outwards in spiralling turns, ensuring that each
new layer covers two-thirds of the previous turn
4. Ensure that the dressing is totally covered
5. Finish by wrapping the bandage around once more, using adhesive tape or safety pins to
secure the end
Applying to Knees & Elbows
When applying roller bandages to knees or elbows, be sure to:
1. Hold any dressing in place/support any strain or sprain
2. Slightly flex the joint
3. Wrap the bandage in a figure of 8, extending the bandage generously on either side of the joint
Applying to Hands
When applying roller bandage to hands, be sure to:
1. Hold any dressing in place/support any strain or sprain
2. Wrap twice around from the inside of the wrist, then take diagonal turns along the back of the
hand up to the base of the little finger
3. Proceed to wrap the around all fingers, leaving the thumb and fingertips free
4. Wrap the bandage across the palm of the hand towards the outside of the wrist to complete a
5. Repeat this figure 8 several times, slightly shifting the position each time to prevent bunching
2.

Compression Bandages
Compression bandages, such as AeroForm, otherwise known as a tensor, elastic or
heavyweight conforming bandages, consist of a long strip of stretchable material that is
used to support soft tissue injuries by applying pressure to the affected site. Compression
bandage types can further be categorised as:
Short Stretch Compression Bandages
Typically used for the management of swelling, these bandages only allow for a modest range of
extensibility (stretch). This provides a high resistance against external movement and muscle
contraction.
Uses
Short Stretch Compression Bandages are suitable for managing:
 Lymphedema
 Edema (e.g. from a poisonous bite)
 Venous leg ulcers
Long Stretch Compression Bandages
Offering far more extensibility than its counterpart, this type of compression bandage can easily
be applied to the contours of the body and provide very high resting pressure (pressure when the
body is at rest).
This quality means that long stretch bandages are often used to relieve and support muscles,
ligaments and tendons. Because of their high resting pressure, long stretch compression bandages
may need to be removed during sleep.
 Uses
Long Stretch Compression Bandages are suitable for:
 Holding dressings and splints in place
 Providing mild compression
 Supporting strains and sprains

3.

Snake Bite Bandage

This injury-specific type of compression bandage is intended for use with the Pressure
Immobilisation Technique – a preferred treatment for bites and stings that can result from a
number of Australian animals. The Aero Healthcare Snake Bite Bandage is unique with special
indicator markings that ensure the correct tension is being achieved when applying the snake
bite bandage.
Uses
Snake Bite Bandages obstruct lymph flow thereby preventing the free circulation of venom,
making it a suitable treatment for:
 Snake bites
 Funnel Webbed Spider bites
 Blue-Ringed Octopus Bites
 Cone Shell stings
How to Apply a Compression Bandage (sprained ankle)
1. Ensure the start of the roll is facing upwards
2. Ensure the ankle is positioned at approximately a 90-degree angle
3. Start by wrapping the the bandage, tautly, around the ball of the foot, then the arch of the foot
4. Once secured, pull the bandage diagonally across the top of the foot, circling it around the
ankle, bringing it diagonally across the top of the foot again and then wrapping it under the
arch in a figure of 8 pattern
5. Continue to wrap the foot in a figure of 8 pattern, moving toward the heel on the bottom and
up toward the calf at the top
6. The bandage should cover the entire foot (excluding the toes) and extend about 10cm above
the ankle
7. Secure the loose end with tape or clips

4.

Triangular Bandages
A triangular bandage, such as the AeroBand Triangular bandage, also known as a cravat
bandage, is a multi-purpose cloth in the shape of a right-angled triangle.
Uses
Triangular bandages possess great versatility in that they can be used:
 As a sling (when unfolded) to support injured limbs
 As a normal bandage to secure dressings
 To splint broken bones
 To apply compression to swelling/bleeding wounds
How to Apply a Triangular Bandage (sling for forearm and wrist injuries)
1. Hold the bandage vertically in front of the patient with the arrow of bandage pointing towards
the injured side of the body
2. Lay the bandage over the patient’s body with the long end draping over the shoulder and the
arrow tip aligned with the height of the elbow
3. Get the patient to hold their arm at a right angle across their chest, supporting it while you
apply the triangular bandage
4. Take the bottom of the bandage and drape it over the other shoulder
5. Tie the ends of the bandage together in a knot, ensuring the elbow is well covered and
supported
6. Tuck any loose end of the sling in at the elbow
 5.

Tubular Bandages
A tubular bandage, such as the AeroForm tubular bandage, also known as a tube bandage, is an
elasticated gauze bandage, woven in a continuous circle so as to provide uniform compression
when applied to arms, legs, ankles and wrists.
Uses
A tubular bandage is suitable for providing moderate compression for applications such as:
 Immobilising joints
 Supporting joints during activity
 Hold dressings in place
 Reducing swelling
How to Apply a Tubular Bandage (arms and legs)
1. Select a tubular bandage of adequate width depending on the broadest part of the limb that is
being treated
2. Ensure the bandage is long enough by cutting it to double the desired length and allowing an
extra 3-4cm on both ends
3. Cut two holes for thumbs if treating the lower arm
4. Pull the bandage around the end of the limb, moving it up the arm or leg gently and evenly
5. Pause before reaching the dressing, making sure that all excess length is pulled onto the lower
part of the limb with none covering the hand or foot
6. Hold the dressing firmly in place while pulling the bandage up the opposite side of the limb,
keeping the bandage on the injury side stretched away from the wound area if there is one
7. Pull the bandage over the dressing area while keeping the material stretched so as to not touch
or move the dressing
8. Ensure there is an excess of the bandage to sit atop the dressing area
9. Fold the surplus length of the bandage over the first layer to form a double layer

6.

Cohesive Bandages
Cohesive bandages are a type of compression bandage made of self-adhesive material, allowing
you to securely wrap injured areas without the need for bandage clips or having the bandage
stick to hair or skin. AeroBan Cohesive Bandages has the unique ability to stick to itself but not
to the skin. Cohesive bandages also allow for free movement without bunching.
Uses
The high conformability and elasticity of cohesive bandages make it a suitable option for:
 Stabilising joints
 Holding dressings in place
 Supporting soft tissue injuries
First Aid Kit Essentials
With a range of bandages suited to a variety of different wounds, ensuring that your first aid kit
is equipped with an assortment of bandage types and sizes, as well as a range of dressings
and gauzes, allows the effective provision medical assistance in the event of injuries and
accidents.

or
What are the different types of bandages?
1. Crepe bandages(Gauze bandages)
Crepe bandages also known as Gauze bandages or roller bandage,are the most common of a
woven strip of absorbent material that can come in a variety of size.

Uses
A Crepe bandages incredibly versatile in that it can be used for a numberof different
applications,including
 Holding a dressing in place
 Medium injury support(e.g joint immobilisation)
 Compression
How to apply a Crepe bandages:
1. Ensure the body part you need bandage is settled in position that is comfortable for the
patient
2. Start by wrapping twice around the injury,firstly to lock the end of the bandage securely
in place
3. Wrap from the middle of the body part/limb outwards in spiralling turns,ensuring that
each new layer covers two third of the previous turn
4. Finish by wrapping the bandage around once more using adhesive tape or safety pins to
secure the end
5. Applying to knees and elbows,hands

2. Compression bandages
Compression bandages, such as aero form otherwise known as a tensor, elastic or heavy
weight conforming bandages, consist of a long strip of stretched material that is used to
support soft tissue injuries by applying pressure to the affected side C.B types can further be
categorised as

 Short stretch C.B

 Long stretch C.B
 Snake bite bandage

How to apply Compression bandages

  Ensure that start of the roll is facing upward
 Ensure the ankle is positioned at approximately a go-degree,angle
 Start by wrapping the bandage ,tautly around the ball of the foot, then the arch of
the foot
 Once secured, pull the bandage diagonally across the top of the foot, circling it
around the ankle bringing it diagonally across the top of the foot again and then
wrapping it under the arch in a figure of 8 pattern.
 Continue to wrap the foot in a figure of 8 pattern,moving toward the heel on the
bottom and upwards the calf at the top.
 The bandage should cover the entire foot and extend about 10cm above the ankle
 Secure the loose end with tape or clips

3. Triangular bandages
A Triangular bandages, such as the aeroband Triangular bandages, also known as a
cravat bandage is a multi-purpose clot in the shape of a right-angled triangle.

Uses
Triangular bandages possess great versatility in that they can be used :
 As a sling to support injured limbs
 As a normal bandage to secured dressing
 To splint broken bones-to apply compression to swelling/ bleeding wounds
HOW TO APPLY ATriangular bandages
 Hold the bandage vertically in front of the patient with the arrow of
bandage pointing towards the injured side of the body
 Lay the bandage over the patients body with the long end draping over
the shoulder and the arrow tip aligned with the height of the elbow.
 Get the patient to hold their arm at a right angle across their chest,
supporting it while you apply the triangular bandage
 Take the bottom of the bandage and drape it over the shoulder
 Tie the endsof the bandage together in a knot ensuring the elbow is well
covered and supporting
 Tuck any loose end of the sling in at the elbow

4.Tubular bandages
A Tubular bandages such as the aero form also known as a tube bandage is an lasticatedguaze
bandage woven in a continuous circle so as to provide uniform compression when applied to
arms,legs,ankles,andarists
USES
A Tubular bandages is sutiable for providing moderated compression for applications such as:

 Immobilising joints
 Supporting joints during activity
 Hold dressing in place
 Reducing swelling
How to apply a tubular bandage (arms and legs)
 Select a Tubular bandages of adequate width depending on the broadest part of the
limb that is being treated
 Ensure the bandage is long enough by cutting it to double the desired length and
allowing an extra 3-4cm on both ends
 Cut two holes for thumbs if treating the lower arm
 Pull the bandage around the end of the limb, moving it up the arm or leg gently and
evenly
 Pause before reaching the dressing, making sure that all excess length is pulled on to the
lower part of the limb with none covering the hand or foot
 Hold the dressing firmly in place while pulling the bandage up the opposite side of the
limb, keeping the bandage on the injury side stretched away from the wound area if
there is one .
 Pull the bandage over the dressing area while keeping the material stretched so as to
not touch or move the dressing
 Ensure there is an excess of the bandage to sit on a top the dressing area
 Fold the surplus length of the bandage over the first layer to form a double layer

5. Cohesive bandages
Cohesive bandages are the type of compression bandage made of self-adhesive material,
allowing you to securely wrap injured areas without the need for bandage clips or having the
bandage stick to hair or skin. Aeroband. Cohesive bandageshas the unique ability to stick to
itself but not to the skin. Cohesive bandages also allow for free movement without bunching.

USES
The high conformability and slasticity of cohesive bandage make it a suitable option for:

 Stabilising joints
 Holding dressing place
 Supporting soft tissue injuries