AP® Physics 1 2024 Free-Response Questions Continue your response to QUESTION 1 on this page. Energy i. Diagram B Diagram A Diagram A shows an energy bar chart that represents the gravitational potential energy U, of the block-Earth system and the kinetic energy K of the block at Point A, when the block is released from rest at height 6R. (a) Draw shaded regions in Diagram B that represent the gravitational potential energy U, and kinetic energy K of the block-Barth system when the block is located at Point B, a height 2R above the horizontal. + Shaded regions should start atthe dashed line that represents zero energy. + Represent any energy that is equal to zero with a distint line on the zero-energy line «The relative height of each shaded region should reflect the magnitude of the respective energy consistent with the scale shown in Diagram A. (b) Starting with conservation of energy, derive an expression forthe speed ofthe block at Point B. Express your answer in terms of R and physical constants, as appropriate, Begin your derivation by writing a fundamental ‘physics principle or an equation from the reference book, ec JN Mallee = Mo (2 Le)= Qgi« yy (LR79(2e & S z N pr GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. © 2024 College Board. Visit College Board on the web: collegeboard org 5 ee Clr h[ CLC = lLlr-ClrlLAP® Physics 1 2024 Free-Response Questions Continue your response to QUESTION 1 on this page. 1 components) that are 4, On the following dot that represents the block, draw and label o pap _ an sii {exerted on the block at the instant the block slides through Point C. distinet arrow starting on, and pointing away from, the do. fy Fy 41 Astudent claims that 4R isthe minimum height of Point A, such that the block can slide through Point C without losing contact with the track aftr the block is released from rest. Briefly explain why this claim is incorrect. 1 tne bloey vowe vereased from a aie ot MR ayove ground , tren based on encry Conserved te loloce wll Mave a speed equal to evo ot pow ©. (0 the Speed is zero, tte block will uiver se cContak with We arree GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. © 2024 cotege Bou Viet Calege Boa onthe we colegeboard.x @ 6AP® Physics 1 2024 Free-Response Questions Begin your response to QUESTION 2 on this page. dq Stand] Cylinders _ rps Figure | 2. (12 points, suggested time 25 minutes) ‘A student hangs a spring of unknown spring constant k vertically by attaching one end to a stand, as shown in Figure |. The other end of the spring has a small loop from which small cylinders can be hung. In addition to the spring, the student has access only to a variety of cylinders of unknown masses, a stopwatch, and a digital scale. (a) Design an experimental procedure the student could use to determine the spring constant k of the spring, In the following table, list the quantities that would be measured using only the provided equipment in your ‘experiment. Define a symbol to represent each quantity. Inthe space below the table, describe the overall procedure, Provide enough del so that another student could replicate the experiment, including any steps necessary to reduce experimental uncertainty. As needed, use the symbols defined inthe table, Ifneeded, you may include a simple diagram of the setup with your procedure Buk eatinder ow Scalk & Verora wiass Hand ey tivdty Hom spr & pull vont wWetonad ered cv nae PALOQUVD KAMAL WLC ESSOM Cov cylinder +0 cowrprert * Full cycles Repent Sov ofr caglinirs GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. e sch cikece art cette os Gs sap 7 ass Saeed ila TR el eh io Mian ee |AP® Physics 1.2024 Free-Response Questions Continue your response to QUESTION 2 on this page. ae Ei ‘Measurement (Quantity to Be Measured aa for Equipment for Mea | Tir v Stopwatch WNeojnt Ww Digital scale Mass ia [oylinaers [Procedure (and diagram, if needed) on oth Pome. Sony + Indicate the quantities that could be plotted to produce a linear griph whose slope can be used to determine the spring constant & of the spring, as Ventical axis Wy, Horizontal axis: it Briefly describe how the slope ofthe graph would be analyzed to determine the spring constant & of the sping. ‘ joe s\eye= THLONE un GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. © 2024 College Board Visit College Board on the web: collegeboard.org, 8AP® Physics 12024 Free-Response Questions STION 2 on this page. Continue your response to QUES! © calculate the change in Kinetic energy of the cart 4, Using the data inthe velocity-time graph, c from 1 = 0.5 to = 2.0, Show your steps and substitutions. ee Snv> £(,25)63) 2 - colle Ss, 4. Using the data in the force-time graph, estimate the change in momentum of the cart from! = 0.5 s to ¢= 2.55, Briefly explain how you arrived at your estimation. Y\Van Avea under cuvve for a vce V graph repvesents cvangt in moment And COUolS Zev, ii, Do the data from the veloity-time graph confirm your estimation from part (yi)? Briefly explain. Ie SMoWs thect The velocity 16 9.3 IS © bith waess * 155% 2.55, and moment 115 ok both Hnws- te Same Velocity, so (+s Wis agrees GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE, © 2024 ctege Bou Visit College Board on the web: collegeboard. org. , 10 Sa\P® Physics 1 2024 Free-Response Questions Begin your response to QUESTION 3 on this page. Wall 3. (12poimts, suggested time 25 minutes) ‘The left end of a uniform beam of mass M and length Lis attached to a wall by a hinge, as shown in Figure | One end of a sirng with negligible massisatached tothe right end ofthe beam. The other end ofthe string is attached to the wall above the hinge at Point 1. The beam remains horizontal The hinge exerts a force on the beam ‘of magnitude Fy, and the angle between the beam and the string is 6 a (a) The following rectangle represents the beam in Figure 1. On the rectangle, draw and label the forces (not components) exerted on the beam, Draw each force as a distinct arrow starting on, and pointing away from, the ‘point at which the force is exerted. GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. © 2024 College Board. Visit College Board on the web: collegeboard.org, n merrellshown in Figure 2 is Fro: Figure 2 tal, as shown in nts the string shown in ‘and the beam remains horizon "The dashed line represe’ 1, at Point 2, 0= 6 ((b) The string is then attached lower on the wal Freee ange betwee the beam and ihe i Figure | -The magnitude ofthe tension in he string SHOW Indicate which of the following corres J ip>Py nsf Pn sry your answer sing qulativeressoning beyond rere aNa¥OS sorque must vemaln © vera ok ON OR les. vyeorar Coc 4, Se War Tension in Strinsy if 4 ange (6) Starting with Newton’ second lw in rotational form, derive an expression ‘he string, Express your answer in terms tring. Express o ‘of M, 6, and physical constants, as appropriate. Begin your le or an equation from the reference book. erivation by writing a fundamental physics princip the tension in the string “The magnitude of | Fra with Fry rnin Figure | is Fry ily compares mn for the magnitude of the fension in GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. © 2024 College Board. Visit College Board on the web: collegeboard.org. 2AP® Physics 1 2024 Free-Response Questions Continue your response {0 QUESTION 3 on this page. (4) Is your derived equation in part (c) consistent with: me justification in part (b) ? Explain your reasoning. lk anvees because iF SHOEMS arog Lansion (6 ) IAVEStly Proporwonal > S\Ineg and Gor oped sind as DY, sv Jenson F (©) The string is cut, and the beam begins to rotate about the hinge with negligible friction. On the following axes, sketch the angular speed of the beam as a function of time for the time interval while the beam falls but before the beam becomes vertical Angular Speed GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. © 2024 College Board Visit College Board on the web: collegeboard.org. 13Ap® Physics 1 2024 Free-Response Questions Begin your response fo QUESTION 4 on this page «¢ Small Sphere 4. (7 points, suggested time 13 minutes) A simple pendulum consists of a smal sphere tat hangs froma sting with negligible mass. The top end ofthe Sane is Fixed. The sphere is pulled to Point A so that the sting makes a small angle @ withthe vertical, as ‘hon The sphere then released from rest and swings through its lowest point at Pint B. The work done onthe sphere by Earth between points A and B is Wp, ‘he Pendulom is then taken to Planet X. The mas of Planet X isthe same asthe mas of Ea, but the aus of Pane X is greater thn the rau of Eth The spre fs agin brought to Pont A (iplced 6 from he Pras ee! fom rst, and swings through ts owes pot at Poat B. The work done onthe sphere by Planet X between points A and B is Wy. (@) Justify why Wy isess than Wp Mass is save ana vodius (ys larger so Fovee of graven iS le8S. Wove done depends on Force Anes ASHEN . Because oigeanct IS Sane, wove is Less, GO ON To THE NEXT PAGE, {© 2024 College Board. Visit College Board on the web: collegeboard or. “ a ee,AP® Physics 1 2024 Free-Response Questions Continue your response to QUESTION 4 on this page. Anew pendulum is made by hanging the same small sphere from a different string with negligible mass. The new string is slightly elastic, and the length of the string may increase or decrease depending on the tension applied 0 the string. On Earth, when the sphere is again displaced @ from the vertical and released from rest the new pendulum oscillates with period Fp The new pendulum is then taken toa different planet, Planet Y. The radius of Planet Y isthe same as te radius of Eanth, bt the mass of Planet is large than the mass of Earth On Planet Y, when the sphere is again displaced from the vertical and released from rest, the new pendulum oscillates with period Ty. (b)In clear, coherent paragraph Length response that may als contain drawings, explain how Ty could be zee than Ty but also could be smaller than Tp A See icese A a NO Tran bal, pan are ik Eovth. The on on Sprere {5 loropy wom aeeoleratto Sphere url ex perenne, @ \avat ¥ = : y dur xo gyoviky om pyar Y, Becat : % 1S XU chavwrrinotWe of Ae QQqUcKtor, « yavity \eads © \aveyer acerevenr dus ? % 4 Lod ow oo A Go mee Tprere wy Plot — coulel vesuAt Aa srnins sTreset ny. Tus \eads + pander iain benoth A, Be TT with person lengt, a TOMBE Siving [pools 2 larger period. GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. @ (© 2024 College Board, Visit College Board on the web: collegeboard org. 15 eePseeserenecrs smmrarterom ie eo es cy oy AP? Physics 1 2024 Free-Response Questions Begin your response to QUESTION 6 on this page. Block A Block B 6ke Dk Figure | S. (7 points, suggested time 13 minutes) Attime r= ; Block A slides along a horizontal surface toward Block B, which is initially at rest, as shown in Figure 1. The masses of blocks A and B are 6g and 2kg, respectively. The blocks collide elastically at T= 10s, and asa result the magnitude of the change in kinetic energy of Block B is 9J. All frictional forces are negligible (8) Determine the speed of Block B immediately after the collision. (Tey wr=4 5 Nets mis GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE, © 2024 College Board, ) Visit College Board on the web: collegeboard. or. 6AP® Physics 1 2024 Free-Response Questions Continue your response to QUESTION § on this page. x(q) 6 piece > & moss ewe oo ante : “The graph shown in Figure 2 represents the positions x of Block A, Block Band the center of mass of the two-block system as functions of between t = 0 and 1 = 1.0s. (&) On the graph in Figure 2, draw and label thee lines to represent the positions of Block A. Block B, and the ‘center of mass ofthe two-block system as funetions of t between 1 = 1.08 and 1 = 2.0. Each line should be distinctly labeled. (© Consider it inthe orginal scenario, instead of colliding elastically, the blocks collided and stuck together. SDeseribe how the line drawn for the center of mass in part (b) would change, if a al. Briefly justify your response Sivge drawn for cemrer ee mose oot vemean Khe sak as HAOd of re CVATne colliyon be Momentum 15 Conserved WS Goer block Aw block B would Vira alonn tee conver ef mass lint be qt Slaw Toaerttew . . 2, leloe eS GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. ® © 2024 College Board. ‘Visit College Board on the web: collegeboard.org, y