UNIT 4: MY NEIGHBOURHOOD

1. VOCABULARY.

New words Example

art gallery There are many art galleries in Hanoi.
/ˈɑːt ɡæləri/ Có nhiều phòng trưng bày tranh ở Hà Nội.
(n)
backyard My mother is watering the plant in the backyard.
/ˌbækˈjɑːd/ Mẹ tôi đang tưới cây ở sân phía sau nhà.
(n)
memorial The War Memorial in Hanoi is located near the Ba Dinh Square.
/məˈmɔːriəl/ Đài tưởng niệm chiến tranh ở Hà Nội được đặt ở gần quảng trường Ba
Đình.
(n)
pagoda My family often goes to the pagoda to pray for lucky things.
/pəˈɡəʊdə/ Gia đình tôi thường tới chùa để cầu nguyện những điều may mắn.
(n)
Railway station The railway station is still under construction.
/ˈreɪlweɪˈsteɪʃn/ Ga tàu hỏa đang được sửa chữa.
(n)
square Ba Dinh Square is the largest square in Vietnam.
/skweə(r)/ Quảng trường Ba Đình là quảng trường lớn nhất Việt Nam.
(n)
statue The Statue of Ly Thai To is near the Hoàn Kiếm Lake in Hanoi.
/ˈstætʃuː/ Tượng đài Lý Thái Tổ nằm gần hồ Hoàn Kiếm ở Hà Nội.
(n)
suburb Many people work in the centre but live in the suburbs.
/ˈsʌbɜːb/ Nhiều người làm việc ở trung tâm nhưng sống ở ngoại ô.
(n)
temple They go to pray in the temple.
 /ˈtempl/
(n) Họ đi cầu nguyện ở trong ngôi đền.
convenient The house is convenient because it is near the supermarket.
/kənˈviːniənt/ Căn nhà này rất thuận tiện để tới siêu thị.
(adj)
incredibly Incredibly, she has no idea what is going on.
/ɪnˈkredəbli/ Thật đáng kinh ngạc, cô ấy không biết chuyện gì đang xảy ra.
(adv)
polluted Environment is polluted by humans.
/pəˈluːtɪd/ Môi trường bị ô nhiễm bởi con người.
(adj)

2. GRAMMAR
SO SÁNH HƠN CỦA TÍNH TỪ (COMPARATIVE ADJECTIVES)
-Tính từ có 1 âm tiết, hoặc 2 âm tiết nhưng chữ cái cuối cùng của âm tiết thứ hai có kết thúc là –y,
–le,–ow, –er, và –et được cho là tính từ ngắn
Ex: Short – /ʃɔːrt/: ngắn
Sweet – /swiːt/: ngọt
Clever – /ˈklev.ɚ/: khéo léo, khôn khéo
-Tính từ có 3 âm tiết trở lên được gọi là tính từ dài.
Ex: Beautiful – /ˈbjuː.t̬ə.fəl/: đẹp
Intelligent – /ɪnˈtel.ə.dʒənt/: thông minh
Expensive – /ɪkˈspen.sɪv/: đắt đỏ
Cấu trúc
Tính từ ngắn ( Short adj) Tính từ dài ( Long adj)
S + to be + adj + er + than + S2 S + to be + more + adj + than + S2
Ex: Ex:
-China is bigger than India -Hanh is more beautiful than Hoa.
-His pen is newer than my pen -Your book is more expensive than his book

Cách thêm “er”

-Tính từ kết thúc bởi 1 phụ âm => thêm đuôi -er old – older near – nearer
-Tính từ kết thúc bởi nguyên âm “e” => chỉ cần thêm đuôi“r” nice – nicer
-Tính từ kết thúc bởi 1 nguyên âm (u,e,o,a,i) + 1 phụ âm=>gấp đôi phụ âm cuối và thêm đuôi –er
big – bigger, hot – hotter, fat – fatter, fit – fitter
- Tính từ kết thúc bởi “y”, dù có 2 âm tiết vẫn là tính từ ngắn => bỏ “y” và thêm đuôi “ier” happy
– happier, pretty – prettier
Một số trường hợp đặc biệt
Tính từ Dạng so sánh hơn
Good Better
Bad Worse
Far Farther/ futher
Much/ many More
Little less
Old Older/ elder

3. BÀI TẬP
Bài 1: Hoàn thành câu sau với dạng so sánh hơn của tính từ dài.
1. The princess is _________________than the witch. (beautiful)
2. The red shirt is better but it’s _______________ than the white one. (expensive)
3. Being a firefighter is _______________than being a builder. (dangerous)
4. This armchair is _______________than the old one. (comfortable)
5. The new fridge is _______________ than the old one. (convenient)
6. Health is _______________than money. (important)
7. This film is _______________ than that film. (exciting)
8. She is _______________ than My Tam singer. (popular)
9. Carol is _______________ than Mary. (beautiful)
10. French is _______________than Chinese. (difficult)
Bài 2: Viết câu so sánh hơn, dùng các từ gợi ý.
1. Nam/ tall/ Thang ___________________________________________________________
2. My house/ big/ his house. ____________________________________________________
 3. Mai/ young/ her sister. _______________________________________________________
4. Mr. Ha/ fat/ Mr. Tuan_______________________________________________________
5. My brother/ strong/ me. _____________________________________________________
6. I/ short/ Hoa. ______________________________________________________________
7. Phuong’s room/ large/ Lan’s room. _____________________________________________
8. Ms. Linh/ beautiful/ Ms. Huyen________________________________________________
9. This exercise/ difficult/ that exercise.____________________________________________
10. My toys/ nice/ your toys. ____________________________________________________
Bài 3: Viết lại bắt đầu bằng từ đã cho sao cho nghĩa câu không thay đổi.
1. This exercise is easier than that one.
=> That exercise is ________________________________________
2. The black car is cheaper than the red car.
=> The red car____________________________________________
3. This film is more interesting than that one.
=> That film is____________________________________________
4. This river is longer than that one.
=> That river is___________________________________________
5. Miss Lan is older than Miss Nga.
=> Miss Nga is____________________________________________
6. My kitchen is smaller than yours.
=> Your kitchen___________________________________________
7. Her old house is bigger than her new one.
=> Her new house________________________________________
8. The black dress is more expensive than the white one.
=> The white dress________________________________________
9. In my opinion, English is easier than Maths.
=> According to me, Maths _________________________________
10. This computer works better than that one.
=> That computer___________________________________________
Bài 4: Hoàn thành các câu sau với các tính từ cho sẵn.
1. Her daughter is …………….her (beautiful).
2. Summer is………………..spring. (hot)
3. That dog is ………………..it looks. (dangerous)
4. Today, people are ……………….. they were in the past. (polite)
5. It is ………..today ………it was yesterday. (cold)
6. Our hotel was …………. any others in the town. (cheap)
7. Everest is …………. any other mountain. (high)
8. I prefer this chair to the other one. It’s ………………(comfortable).
9. There is nothing ............ going swimming in hot weather. (good)
10. Her voice is ................. her sister’s. (beautiful)

4. LUYỆN TẬP
Bài 1: Tìm từ phát âm khác với những từ còn lại
1. A. biscuit B. busy C. beach D. women
2. A. eleven B. village C. luggage D. beach
3. A. these B. valley C. field D. sea
4. A. meet B. pretty C. seen D. sheep
5. A. hill B. dream C. king D. six

Bài 2: Tìm từ có trọng âm khác với các từ còn lại.

1. A. interesting B. surprising C. amusing D. successful
2. A. understand B. engineer C. benefit D. Vietnamese
3. A. comfortable B. employment C. important D. surprising
4. A. beautiful B. effective C. favorite D. popular
5. A. capital B. tradition C. different D. opera

Bài 3: Chọn đáp án đúng nhất trong 4 đáp án A, B, C hoặc D.

1. John is more……………than Alex.
 A. intelligent B. intelligent than C. intelligently D. inteligenter
2. Mai plays the violin…………than Lan.
A. gooder B. better C. less D. more good
3. The pink pen is…………..…..than the blue one.
A. beautifuller B. more beautiful C. beautiful D. more beautifuler
4. I am………..………than my sister.
A. heavy B. more heavy C. heavier D. more heavier
5. She is coming………………than I.
A. earlier B. more early C. early than D. more earlier
6. My headache is……………….than it was last week.
A. good B. worse C. worst D. more better
7. My television is……………… his television.
A. modern B. more modern C. moderner than D.more modern than
8. The weather today is……………….….it was yesterday.
A. bad than B. bader than C. worse than D. worst than
9. John is……….………..than David.
A. cleverer B. more cleverer C. clever than D. cleverer than
10. Class 7A1 has …………………students than class 7A2.
A. much B. many C. a lot D. more

Bài 4: Đọc đoạn văn sau và chọn câu trả lời đúng.
I live in Cairo, which is the capital of Egypt. There are more than ten million people here. A lot
of them come from the countryside because there are more jobs here.
I live in an apartment near the city center. It is a busy, exciting place. It has cinemas and shops,
but unfortunately there is a lot of traffic too. Many tourists come from all over the world to see
the Pyramids, which are near the city.
I like Cairo because it is big and exciting. I have a lot of friends and it is easy to meet new
people. I am glad that I live here, but my mother doesn’t like it. She used to live in the
countryside, and she would like to go back one day.
1. Cairo _____ .
A. is a village B. is the capital of Egypt
 C. has more than ten million people D. B & C are correct
2. Why do people go to Cairo?
A. Because there are more jobs in Cairo than in the countryside.
B. Because they want to live in a apartment.
C. Because there is a lot of traffic in Cairo.
D. A & B are correct
3. We can replace the word ‘tourists’ in line 6 with the word ______ .
A. ‘newcomers’ B. ‘visitors’
C. ‘guests’ D. ‘friends’
4. The author likes Cairo because ______ .
A. it is big
B. it is exciting
C. he thinks it is easy to meet new people there
D. all are correct
5. Which of the following is not true?
A. The author has a lot of friends.
B. The author likes to meet new people.
C. The author lives in a village.
D. The author’s mother doesn’t like to live there.