Note Making
Notes are short written record of facts to aid the
memory. Notes are usually taken to record a
speech or dictation while listening to it or after
reading a book, magazine or article. They are
referred back whenever needed and may be
reproduced inthe desired way.
How to write note making
Follow the following steps:
Step 1:(QRead the passage carefully.
(i) Tryto get the theme and subject of the
passage. You may ask yourself: "What is this
passage about?" This will provide you the gist.
Step 2: Read carefully. ldentify main ideas and
important supporting details.
Step 3:Make notes of the main ideas under
headings and add sub-points under sub-headings.
Step 4: Use proper layout/format, e.g.
(a) Indented, linear form
(b) Sequential form
(c) Tabular form
(d) Flow chart
(e) Pie chart, graphs or diagrams,etc.
Step 5: Use recognisable abbreviations wherever
possible
Mechanics of note making
While making notes we follow certain standard
practices. These may be listed as follows:
(a) Heading and Sub-headings
(b) Abbreviation and Symbols
(c) Note-form
(d) Numbering and Indentation
Heading and sub-headings
The headingreflects the main theme whereas the
sub-headings point out how it has been
developed. The selection of proper heading and
sub-headingreveals the grasp of the passage by
the students. In the absence of proper
assimilation of main ideas and subsidiary points it
is impossible to make notes.
Abbreviations and symbols
They are used for precision and economy of
words and hence quite helpful in note-making. At
least four recognisable abbreviations are to be
used in note-making in your board examination.
These are essentialcomponents of note-making.
Students often make use of abbreviations and
symbols in doing their written work.
A. SYMBOLS
(a) Universal symbols
& for and for per cent
for therefore 100 for hundred
for because e.g. for for example
i.e. for that is viz. for namely
(b) Mathematical symbols
for greater than for less than
for equal to for or
for at the rate of for before
B. ABBREVIATIONS
Abbreviations can be divided into three groups:
(a) Acronyms (capital initial letters)
(6) Contractions (taking first few letters of the word)
(c) Short forms (taking first few and last few letters)
STUDY THE FOLLOWING EXAMPLES
(a) Acronyms. Capital initial letters
e.g. CBSE for Central Board of Secondary Education
for Commanding Officer
CM for Chief Minister
GPO for General Post Office
NCERT for National Council of Educational Research and Training
PM for Prime Minister
SHO for Station House Officer
SP for Superintendent of Police
UK for United Kingdom
USA for United States of America
UNO for United Nations Organisation
UNESCO for United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural
Organisation
WHO for World Health Organisation
(6) Contractions. Taking first few letters of the word
e.g. Capt. for Captain Rev. for Reverend
Co. for Company Sc. for Science
Col. for Colonel Sept. for September
dis. for discount Sig. for Signature
esp. for especially Soc. for Society
fig. for figure Tech. for Technical
Hon. for Honorary Tel. for Telegram
in. for inch Tele. for Telephone
Lab. for Laboratory Univ. for University
Lib. for Library
e.g. bk
Dr
dt
Dept
estd
ft
Govt
Ltd
Mr
Ms
Org'zn
bldg
bks
can't
civil'zn
cm
R 2?
(c) Short forms. Taking first and last letters
for
for
for
for
for
for
for
for
for
for
for
for
for
for
for
book
Doctor
draft
Department
established
foot/feet
Government
Limited
Mister
Miss/Mrs
Organization
(d) Some other contractions
e.g. Alc for
for
account
building
books
cannot
civilization
centimetre
Pt
retd
relgn
rec'd
shd
Std
Stn
Secy
Wt
Yr
Yd
edn
kg
m
NIA
rdng
shan't
for
for
for
for
for
for
for
for
for
for
for
for
for
for
for
for
for
Point
Retired
Religion
received
should
Standard
Station
Secretary
Weight
Year
yard
education
kilogram
metre
not applicable
reading
shall not
Clo for care of won't for will not
MS for manuscript MIS for messers
USE OF FULL STOP IN AN ABBREVIATION
(a) Often a full stop is put after an abbreviation which does not end with the last letter
of the word; such as
Col. for colonel Co. for company
Div. for division info. for information
(b) The abbreviations that end with the last letter of the word do not require any full
stop at the end, such as
Govt for government Mr for Mister
Ms for Miss Pt for Pandit
Dr for Doctor Wrt'g for writing
10th for Tenth Wt for weight
Numbering and indenting
Indentation
Indentation means leavingspace at the beginning
of a line of print or writing.
First write the title and then write down the notes
in a logical order. From the main headings to the
sub-headings, the numbering should be spaced a
little to the right.
Indented Format
Main Sections :1, 2, 3, 4, etc. 1.
Sub Sections :(a), (6), (c), (d), etc. (a)...
Sub-sub sections : (i), (ü), (üi), (iw), etc. ()
(ü)
(6)..
(c)
(i)
(ü)
(üü)
Indented Format
or you may use Decimal System
Main Sections :1, 2, 3, 4, etc. 1.1
Sub Sections : 1.1, 1.2, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, etc. 1.2.
2
Sub-sub Sections : 1.1.1, 1.1.2, 2.1.1, 2.1.2, etc. 2.1
2.2
2.2.1
2.2.2
CONCLUSION
