4

UNIT
Understanding
Harmony in the
Nature & Existence

CONTENTS
Part-1 : Understanding Harmony in 4-2Y to 4-3Y
the Nature and Existence

Part-2 : Interconnectedness and Mutual 4-3Y to 4-12Y

Fulfillment among the Four Orders
of Nature, Recyclability and
Self Regulation in Nature
Part-3 : Understanding Existence as 4-13Y to 4-16Y
Co-Existence of Mutual
Interacting Units in
All-Pervasive Space
Part-4 : Holistic Perception of 4-16Y to 4-19Y
Harmony at All Levels of Existence

4-1YCC-Sem-3 &4)
4-2Y (CC-Sem 3&4) Understanding Harmony in the Nature &Existence

PART-1
Understanding Harmony in the Nature and Existence.

Questions-Answers

ong Answer Type and Medium Answer Type Questions

Que 4.1. What is harmony ? Discuss in detail with universal

aspect. AKTU2014-15(TV), Marks 04
OR
What is harmony in nature and why it is so important to attain
harmony in nature ? AKTU2014-15(IV), Marks 04
Answer
1 The aggregate of all the mutually interacting units -big or small, sentient
or insentient together can be called nature.
2 These units are infinite in number and we could easily observe that
there exists a dynamic balance, self regulation among all these units.
3 This self regulation is harmony or balance in nature. The law of nature
has a unique cause and effect system which must be understood in
order to be in harmony with the natural law of things.
Natural harmony is necessary for the following reasons :
1. Natural harmnony is necessary to solve the problem of global warming
and depletion of non-renewable natural resource can be avoided.
2. Natural harmony with trees cure all problems like - reduction of wind
velocity, energy savings, doing companion planting, development of an
eco-subsystem in terms of establishing aforest garden, reduction of
building heat.
3. It is possible to achieve natural harmony in the establishment,
maintenance and management of educational institution like schools,
colleges and universities.
4 One can understand the depths ofharmony and alignment in natural by
contemplating and reflecting upon the natural order, It is possible to
unravel the mystery of the natural synthesis in the midst of ongoing
chaos at the material plane.
Que 4.2. What is harmony in existence ? Differentiate nature

and space. AKTU2014-15(1ID, Marks 04

Universal Human Values & Professional Ethics
43Y(CC-Sem-3 &4)
Answer
Harmony :Q. 4.1, Page 42Y, Unit-4.
Difference:
S. No. Nature Space
1. Nature is limited. Space is unlimited.
2 Nature is active. Space show no activity.
3. Nature entities can be Energy is always in equilibrium in
energized. space.

Example : Four orders of Example : Space is all pervading

nature. entity.

Que 4.3. Can technological advancements be in harmony with

nature ?

Answer

1 Earth is the only planet where life can exist. But with the rapid
advancement of technology which have given rise toindustries and led
to deforestation, human beings have increasingly started abusing the
natural resources and therefore the harmony with nature has been
lost.
2 The problems of global warming and pollution have reached alarming
proportions. The ecological balance has been disturbed and the greed
and violence in human nature have taken over. Ifwe continue to destroy
the nature's perfect creation and if we do not realize that we need to
replenish our natural resources then we will not be able to leave behind
a habitable planet for our future generation.
3 We have to advocate the idea for renewable resources of energy such as
solar and wind power. If we channelize the new technological
advancements in a direction of maintainingthe ecological balance then
only we can say that technological advancements can be in harmony
with
nature.

PART-2
Intereoinectedness and Mutual FulflmentAmong
the our Orders of Na hure, Recyclability and
Self Regulation in Nature.
44Y(CC-Sem-3 & 4) Understanding Harmony in the Nature &Existence

Questions-Answers
Long Answer Type and Medium Answer Type Questions

Que 4.4. What do you mean by mutual fulfillment in nature?

Explain with examples. AKTU2014-15(IID, Marks 04

AKTU2016-17(III), Marks 05

Answer
1 All the physical objects that are in solid, liquid or gaseous state either
living or non living, collectively termed as nature. In other words, the
aggregate of all the mutually interacting units - big or small, sentient
or insentient together can be called nature.
2 These units are infinite in number and we could easily observe that
there exists a dynamic balance, self regulation among all these units.
3
Tofacilitate understan ding, we can categorize all these units into four
distinct orders.
There are four orders of nature:
Material order
Pranicorder
ii Animal odder
iv. Human order
Interconnectedness and mutual fulfillment in nature :
1 Mutual fulfillment implies that each unit of the four orders of nature
is related to each ogee and enriching to each other.
2. In the nature, all the units are connected to each other and fulfilling
each other. Human being is related to all other human beings. On this
basis, we have feelings and emotions for everyone. Human being is
connected to all the material units in the existence and gets aware ofit
as he starts exploring it.
O. The four orders can be distinctly re cognise d in terms of their
characteristics, participation with other units in similar order, activities,
pattern of inheritance etc.
Universal Human Values & Professional Ethics

Example:
45Y(CC-Sem-3&4)
MaterialOrder Plant Bio-Order and AnimalOrder:
The material order provides the basis for movement of all
binds and fshes. Water, oxygen and other gases animal animals,
are necessities for
plants and animals. At the same timne, the order
both
helps
enrich the soil with its exereta and these excreta help the plants witt
nutrients. The plant/bio order provides food for animals, birds and
fishes. The animal order helps in pollination of the flowers of the
pranic order.

Que 4.5. There is recyclability in nature. Explain with the help of

suitable example. AKTU2014-15(IV), Marks 04
Answer

Recyclability :
1 There are several cyclical processes that we can see in nature. For
example the cycle of water, evaporating, condensing and precipitating
back to water giving the weather phenomena. The cycles keep these
materials self-regulated on the earth. Breeds of plants and animals are
similarly self-regulated in their environment.
2. In a forest, the growth of trees takes place in a way so that the amount
of soil, plants and animals remains conserved. It never happens that the
number of trees shoots up and there is a lack of soil for the trees. The
appropriateness of the conditions for growth of both plants and animals
are self-regulatedin hature keeping the population proportions naturally
maintained. This phenomenon is termed as self-regulation.
3
Ina single breed of animals,the number of males and females generated
through procreation is such that the continuity of species is ensured by
itself. This happenswith humans too, but inhuman practices have led to
disproportionate numbers of men and women. These two characteristics
namely, cyclical nature and self-regulation provide us with some clues
of the harmony that is in nature.
Que 446. Explain recyclability and self-regulation in nature.
|AKTU 2014-15(1), Marks 04
Marks 05
AKTU2016-17(T
Answer
Recyelability :Q. 4.5, Page 4-5Y, Unit-4.
46Y(CC-Sem 3&4) Understanding Harmony in the Nature &Existence
Self-regulation :
1. There are various cycles in nature that we are aware of, such as oxygen
cycle, the nitrogen cycle, the water cycle and the carbon cycle. Plants
give out oxygen which is required by animals for respiration. They
ensure the delicate balance between the various components of the
nature. They ensure that the material balance is naintained between
the various components.
2 In a forest, the growth of trees takes place in a way so that the amount
of soil, plants and animals remains conserved. It never happens that the
number of trees shoots up and there is a lack of soil for the trees. The
appropriateness of the conditions for growth of both plants and animals
are self-regulated in nature keeping the population proportions naturally
maintained. This phenomenon is termed as self-regulation.
3. Further the mutualdependency between animals and plants maintain
their population. Each gets what it needs and provides the other what
they need to survive. Hence we can understand if we take out one
single participant from any of the orders, it is going to disturb the balance.
This is an example of self regulation in nature where the harmony
between allthe species is maintained.

Que 4.7. Explain the four orders existing in nature ? How are

they inter-linked toone another ? AKTU2015-16TV, Marks 05

OR
Briefly explain the natural characteristics of the four orders in
nature. AKTU2017-18, 2018-19); Marks 07
OR
and
What are the four orders in nature ? Describe their activities
natural characteristics ? AKTU 2016-17IV), Marks 10
OR
Deseribe variousorders of harmonyin nature. Howdo they support
uníversal system as a whole? Explain briefly.
|AKTU 2015-16(TV), Marks 05
OR
mnaterial and pranie
What are the neiural characteristics of the
orders ? Explain. AKTU 2014-15IV), Marks 04

Answer
1. All the four orders material, plant,animal and
human have certain core
values, These can also be called as tbeir natural characteristics or
Suabhava.
orders, these orders are :
2. There is mutual fulfillment among four
Uhiversal Human Values &rofeaaional Ethics 47Y(CC-Sem-3 &4)
. Material Order tMost of the members of thisorder are non living
thinga. Also, various fornma of energies like sound, light, heat, magnetism
and gravitational energy are alao part of this order. The fundamental
characteristic of this order in composition/decomposition. They can come
together to compose bigger things and also bigger units can be
transformed into amaller units, They can neither be ereated nor
destroyed. For example, the atomic energy release and generated during
nuclear fission and fusion.
ii. Plant /Bio Order : They comprise from single cell organism like fung,
algae to water plants, herbs, shrubs and trees. They can reproduce, accept
nutrition from outside, digest, assimilate and grow. They also provide
nutrition to the animal and to the human order. Therefore the natural
characteristic of this order is to nurture, But excess of nutrition or unregulated
consumption of plant products can harm or "worsen" our body.
iii. Animal Order :The members of this order are living things. They
share manyof the features of the plant order. They have greater degree
of locomotion than plants. The natural characteristicof this order is that
they realize or they are aware of the fact that they exist the quality of
Self\) therefore they have an intellectual faculty. This awareness also
brings in the excess which is cruelty as they know that they can fulfill
their needs by violence and cruelty towards members of the other orders
or within their own order.
iv. Human Order :They are the most evolved species of the
They are living beings and their naturalcharacteristics arefour orders.
similar to
the characteristies of the plant and the animal
order. They are
independent and self conscious. They have virtues perseverance,
bravery and generosity. These abilities are peculiar tolike
them. But human
nature tends to deviate from its basic characteristics. This has
to many conflicts and contradictions in their basic nature. given rise
Material Order
soil, air, water, ete

Plant Order Human Order

plants, human
herbs beings

Animal Order
animal, birds

Fig. 4.7.l.
48Y(CC-Sem 3&4) Understanding Harmony in the Nature & Existence

Natural Characteristie
Order Things
Material order Soil, water, Composition / decomposition
metals, etc.
Pranic onder Plants and trees Composition / decomposition
+ nurture/worsen

Animal order Animals and birds (Composition /decomposition,

nurture / worsen) in body
+(non eruelty, cruelty) in T
Human order Human beings (Composition / decomposition,
nurture/ worsen) in body+
(perseverance, bravery,
generosity) in T

in nature ? How are they inter

Que 4.8. What are the four orders
other ? Explain.
dependent and mutually fulfilling for each
AKTU2018-19(IV,Marks 07
OR
fulfilling
than human order, the three orders are mutually
"Other fail
examples. Why does human order
to each other". Explain with other orders ?
itself and to
tobe mutually fulfilling to
AKTU2017-18(II), Marks 07
OR
examine four orders in nature and their participation,
Closely of human order.
participation
explain present state of
AKTU2017-18(TV), Marks 07
OR
enhance the fulfillment of human order with the
Buggest ways to undertake
any two programs you can
other three orders. Mention 07
AKTU2017-18(IID, Marks
in light of the above.

Answer fultilling
the units are connected to each other and
ln the nature, all other human beings. On this
is related to all everyone. Human being is
each other, Human beingand emotionsfor
basis, we have feelings units in the existence and gets
aware of it
connected to all the material interconnectedness and mutual
it. We can see this
as he starts exploring
fulfillment in Fig. 4.8.1: provides
Order and Plan/Bio-Order :The material order minerals, ete.,
. Material order in the form of soil,
the plant/bio
the nutrients to
Universal Human Values & Professional Ethics 49Y (CC-Sem-3 &4)
while the plant/ bio order decays and forms more
enrichingthe soil. The plant/bio order also decays to nutrients,
and coal, which are stored deep within the earth as suubstances thus
like oil
the heat from the molten core inside the earth as wellprotection
as the against
the sun (today, this is the material we are removing and heat from
Plants help move the nutrients through the various using as fuel).
layers of
The roots of theplants hold the soil together and prevent the the soil.
erosion. Plants produce oxygen/ carbon dioxide and thus helosoilinfro st
movement of the material order. There is a mutual
and co-existence we can see here.
interdependency
Soil, air,
water, etc.

We can easily see that they

are interconnected
The relation ship between
Plants these orders is in sucha
way that they all fulfll
each other and coexist
with each other

Animals,
Birds
Fig. 4.8.1.
2
Material Order,
order provides thePlant/Bio- Order and
basis for movement ofAnimal Order:The material
Water, oxygen and other gases are all animals, birds and fishes.
animals. the same time, the animal order
At necessities for both plants and
exereta and these excreta helps the plants helps enrich the soil with its
order provides food for animals, with nutrients. The plant/bi0
helps in pollination of the birds and fishes.
3. flowers of the pranic [Link] animal Order
Material
Order : WeOrder, Plant/Bio-
humans also haveOrder, Animal Order and Human
fulfilling to these three orders. a naturalweacceptance to be mutualy
mutual fulfillment. We are However, are not able to ensure this
minerals and metals, but only dependent on the materialorder for soil and
fossilfuels; we are dependent onend up polluting the soil anddepleting the
the larger ecosystem, but we plants for our food and holding
multiple species of plants and have destroyed forests and together
carry out our production and herbs; we are dependent on animals to destroyed
many species of animals transportation
extinct, and are todayactivities, but have made
known for our cruely
 4) Understanding Harmony in the Nature & Existence
4-10 Y(CC-Sem-3 &
interconnectedness and mutual
towards animals. We can see that there is to
fulfllment in allthe orders of nature except human order. We have
work on this.
Material
Order

Human
Plant/Bio
Order
Order

Animal
Birds
Fig. 4.8.2.

'conformance' ? Explain the

Que 4.9. What do you mean by
AKTU2017-18), Marks 07
conforman ce in the four orders.

Answer
Conforms :
conforms through the principle of conformance or anusangita.
Each unit
continuity of the fundamental nature of the unit is
It means how the
preserved.
Materisal orderPranic order Animal order Human order
Order Human beings
Plants and trees Animals and
Things Soil, water, birds
metals, ete
Right values /
Seed Breed sanskara
|Conformance|Constitution conformance
conformance conformance
conformance

continuity of the fundamental nature of the

Material order : The processes.
L. preservedthrough the physicaland chemical constitutional
material unit is
atom ofiron conforms to theunlike the other
Take ironfor example. Eachis no atom of ironthat will be
structure of'Iron'. There this 'constitution
we would not call it iron. We call
conformance.
atom ofiron, ifit were,
material order exhibits constitution
conformance'. The
Universal Human Values&Professional Ethics
Hence, we say that any matter conforms to its
11YCCSem-3 &
'eonstitution conformanee'. constitution Or has
2. Plant/bio order :A neem seed will always sprout a neem plant.
us know this. Its fruits, its leaves, the taste of the leaves, the All of
everycolour
the leaves, all this information, this basic information of of
plant are stored in the seed. Hence, we saythat a plant
seed, or has 'seed conformances'.
neem
conforns totthe
Animal order : We see that a cow is always like a cow, and
always like a dog. Animals conform to their lineage. How animals a doga is
their behaviour, is according to their lineage they belong to, thelineasa
they come from. Hence, we say that an animal conforms to its breed
has breed confornmance'.
4 Human (knowledge) order : We can see that we humans are not
according to our lineage or race, as in animals. We may
from our parents as we grow up, but we are usually pick up something
very different in
many ways from them. We humans are according to our
according to our desires, thoughts and selection in T. imagination:
The desires.
thoughts and selections we have in I can come from
come from past memories; it can come from anywhere. It can
environment, media or from anywhere. In the case our of
parents, the
humans, we can
say 'as the education, so the human'. We are
thoughts and selections. Together, we call these according our desires,
to
say that a human being conforms to his or her 'sanskara'. Hence, we
conformance'. sanskar or has 'sanskaar
Que 4.10. What do you mean by
innateness ? What is the
innateness in the four orders ?
AKTU 2018-19TV), Marks 07
AKTU 2015-16(1II), Marks 05
Answer
Innateness :
1.
2.
Innateness meansto exist naturally
Each unit in existence exhibits
be separated from it. We referinnateness an intrinsic quality that
to this principle as Innateness'. cannot
intrinsic tothe unit. Look at all the This 1s
3. Innateness in the Four Orders : material order.
It is possible to convert
material
another form or a way of being. things fromit is
However, onenotform or a to
possible wayannihilate
beins
it, We cannot make it cease to
continue to excist. exist. The particles that make up that unit
Because the plant/Bio order is adevelopment of the material order, it
also has the innateness of 'existence'. In addition, it also exhibitsthe
'growth'. This principle of'growth' cannot be separated from any unitsof
this [Link] is of
plant/Bio order, it will grow.
 412Y(CC-Sem-3&4) Understanding Harmony in the Nature &Existence

mhe Animal Body is adevelopment of the plant/Bio order and therefore

this order inherits the innateness of the previousorder namely 'existence'
and 'growth'.This is at the level of the body, which isphysico-chemical in
nature. In addition, all units in this order have the will tolive' in T.
Indeed no unit in this order can be separated from this 'will to live', It is
intrinsic to every unitin this order.
iv. When we look at the human being, we and that 'existence' and 'growth'
are fundamentally present in the body, just as in the animal body. At the
level of T however, in addition to the will to live, a human being's
innateness is the will to live with happines'. Each one of us not only
wants to live but also wants to live with happiness'. This is the innateness
of the human order and it characterises the human order.
Order Things Innateness

Material order Soil, water, Existence

metals, etc.
Pranic order Plants and trees Existence + growth
Animal order Animals and birds (Existence + growth) in body
+ will to live in 'I'
Human order Human beings (Existence + growth) in body + will
tolive with happiness in 'I'
Que 4.11. What do you understand by the terms innateness,
self-organization and self expression ? How are they related to each
other ? AKTU2018-19(III), Marks 07

Answer
and
1 The process of self exploration helps us to identify our swatva
through that acquiring swantantrata and swarajya.
harmony.
Swatva means innateness of self - the natural acceptance of
Swatantrata means being self- organized- being in harmony with oneself
ii. Swarajya means self-expression.
already there, intact
2 Swatva, Swatantrata, Swarajya: The swatvaweis attain swantantrata
in each one of us. By being in dialogue with it, means we are
enabling us to work for swarajya. Living in contradiction,where we have
with pre-conditionings
not self-organized and living accumulated desires without having first
assumed certain things, have On the other hand,
evaluated them, then it means we are partantra.
really want to be and establish
when we identify our innateness, what we harmony, it starts
start living with this
a dialogue with it, it enables us toharmonious behaviour and work, and it
expressing itselfthrough our surroundings. This is
naturally extends toour participation with the
working towards swarajya.
Universal Human Values & Professional Ethics -13 Y(CC-Sem-3 &4)

PART-3
Understanding Existence as Co-Existence of Mutuat
InteractingUnits in All-Pervasive Space.

Questions-Answers

Long Answer Type and Medium Answer Type Questions

Que 4.12. Define co-existence. What is the difference betwees

passive and active co-existence ?
Answer
Co-Existence : It is a state in which two or more groups are living
together keeping in mind their differences. The groups involved establish
a relationship where they can live non-violently. They achieve tolerance
and mutual respect and live in agreement.
Difference Between Passive and Active Co-existence :
Passive Co-Existence : This is a kind of co-existence where one of
the groups is less powerful than the [Link] thisenvironment there
is lack of violence but it is an unequalrelationship.
Active Co-Existence: Relationship in this kind of co-existence is based
on mutual respect for the diversity. The groups in this relationship
embrace each other differences and have got equal access to resources
and oppòrtunities. The environment is that of peace, social cohesion,
justice and equality.
Que 4.13. Explain following three realities Units (Material,
Conscious), Space, and Co-existence.
AKTU 2017-18(TV),Marks 07
OR
Draw the chart showing in detail, the different categories ofUNITs
of nature in co-existence in space. What is your role in existence?
AKTU2017-18(II), Marks 07
Answer
L Units : Unit is something that is limited in size. Like a small blade of
human hair to thebiggest planets we know of, they are all limited in size
ie, bounded onsix sides. So all the things we have been studying so far:
14Y(CCSem-3&4) Understanding Harmony in the Nature &Existence
atoms and
he buman beings, animals, lumps of matter as wellas various countable.
molecules, are allunits. We can recognize them as such, they are
Unlike unit it has
Space : Space can be defined as an unlimited [Link] certain
nosize therefore it cannot be bounded. But space
regularity and obeys certain laws. Space is reflecting. This means that it
can be explained in terms of its relation with other object. For example
we say there is space in between the book you are reading and you.
Space is also transparent that is there is no obstruction in space.
Co-existence: Relationship in this kind of co-existence is based on
mutual respect for the diversity. The groups in this relationship embrace
and
each other differences and have got equal access to resources
opportunities. The environment is that of peace, social cohesion, justice
and equality, mutual tolerance, respect the differences in opinion, and
living non-violently.
the different
The following chart explains the relationship between in nature exist in
orders of nature. We can see that all the four orders
created.
[Link] is already there in nature and need not to be
organized. Space is
Units in the nature are limited in size and self
available in the all
unlimited and there is constant reflecting energy received the
orders have
pervading space. Only human and animal constant structural
consciousness of self. The material order undergoes
structural change. The
changes. The conscious order does not undergo assume, recognize
conscious units can learn and therefore they know,
and fulfi1.

Existence

Space (All-pervading)
Units (Nature)

Conscious
Material

Pranic order HAnimal order

Material order

Atom Cells Plant

Malecule Plants Human order

Molecular Animals Body

Btructure Development
This flow is Human Body (noncyclie)
cyelie

space.
Nue 4.14. Differentiate between units and
 Universnl Human Values & Professional Ethics
4-15Y (CCSem-3 &4
Answer

S. No. Units Space

1. Unit entities are limited. Space entities are unlimíted
2 They are materialistic in They are conscious in
nature. nature.
3 They are active. They show no activity.
4 They undergo structural They do not undergo
change. structural
change. They are continuous,
5 They can be energized. Energy is always in equilibrium
in space.
6. Each unit can recognize and Since everything is transparent
therefore fulfill its thus, they reflect things.
relationship with other
members of the unit
7 Example: Four orders of Example: Space is all pervading
nature. entity.

Que 4.15. Define the terms Gathansheel, Gathanpurna,

Kriyapurnata and Acharanpurnata.
OR
Explain Existence is Gathansheel and Gathanpurna and also there
is Kriyapurnata and Acharanpurnata in existence'.
Answer
Gathansheel : The material units are transformable, and their
composition keeps on changing, hence these are gathansheel.
Gathanpurna :The other category of units the sentient 'I, do not
transform and are complete in composition, hence gathanpurna.
Kriyapurnata :Completion of right understanding in human being is
called kriyapurnata.
Acharanpurnata: Ability to live with complete understanding is caled
acharanpurnata,
1. The material unitsare transformable, and their composition keeps
changing, hence these are gathansheel.
2 The other category of units, the sentient 'I, do not transform and a
complete in composition,hence gathanpurna.
 Y(CC-Sem-3&4) Understanding Harmony in the Nature &Existence
416
The material units are changeful (with activities of recognizing and
continuous (with
3
fulfillment only) while the other kinds of units are material
activities of knowing, assuming,recognizing and fulfillment), The
unitsare available in two
orders-material order and pranic order.
a the material order, an atom combineswith another atom toform a
structure.
molecule; a molecule similarly forms a mnolecular
.Malecular structures are found in two forms: lumpssmallestand fluids. Fluids
units are
ivenutrition to pranic order. In pranicorder, the
antcells which combine with other cells to form plants,animal bodies
and human bodies,
order, and
6. The co-existence of"T with the animal body becomes the animal
human order.
the co-existence ofT with the human body becomes the
7 Completion of right understan ding in human being is called
called
kriyapurnata and ability to live with complete understanding is
acharanpurnata.

PART-4

Holistic Perception of Harmony at AllLevels of Existence.

Questions-Answers
Answer Type Questions
Long Answer Type and Medium

holisticway of life ?
Que 4.16. What is meant by

Answer
Holistic Way of Life : and nature/
1 theselevels-myself, family, society
Each one of us lives at allunderstand living. We will
all these levels ofour
existence and wants to various activities, our choice,
ourselves and identify our
look into we think, and
willhelp us toidentify how possible
thoughts and desires. Thishuman-relationship becomes if they
As a result,
what we want.
understanding, recognition of values, fulfillment,intoright
the
have right happiness. We will also look
evaluation and leads to mutual society, what the comprehensive
human
Various dimensions of human study nature/
achieved after that we will
goal is and how this can be interconnectedness in nature. When we have
existence and understand harmony at all
self-investigation we find out that we want to be in
our
levels of our living.
 Universal Human Values&
ProfesionalEthics A17Y(CCSem-3 &A)
i. Harmony in myself
i Harmony in family
society
ii. Harmony in nature/existence
iv. Harnmony in happiness and a feeling
harmony in myself, we have mutualhave mutual of
2. In
relationship In harnmony
prosperity. and in family, we
fulfillment
prosperityin the family. In society, thereis fearlessnessin
nature, we have harmony in nature and
and undivided society. In co-existence.
understanding the inherent
Having known this harmony at allllevels ie., having understood nature/
3. our role in it. This role of human being
existence, we can then identify
value is its participation in naturol
is nothing but his value, i.e., human's human values are natural and
existence. We shall see that these
universal.
Thus,this is the holistic way of life.
technology ?Briefly
Que [Link] you understand by holistic
Explain.
Answer
Holistic Technology :
comprehensive human
1 Aholistic model is inherently conducive tothe
goal.
rather than man.
2 Today our worldis governed by money and business
It's now our idea to reverse the trend.
3. The word "Development"has been highly misinterpreted in the present
day scenario. Development aslookedupon today is exploitation of nature.
human
It is believedthat nature has to be controlled and exploited for damage
4.
enjoyment. This attitude of ours towards nature has caused much
to humanity, Human beings are an integral part of nature and itS
essential to be in harmony with it.
5. Development of holistic technologies and systems with critical evaluation
of the strength and weaknesses of traditional existing technologies i5
very important.
6. Adoption of appropriate lifestyle, proper assessment of needs coupled
with right understanding can haye a path for holistic technologies and
8ystem.

Que 4.18. Analyze the importance of holistie technology inthe

current scenari with different examples.
AKTU 2014-15(), Marks 04
HI8Y(CCSems&49) Understanding Harnony in the Nature &Existence
OR

What is holistic
technology ? Take any two such examples from
Indian tradition and elaborate on them,
AKTU2016-17(IV, Marks 15
OR
Deseribe briefly the criteria for evaluation of
Holistie technology.
Support your answer with an example.
AKTU2018-19(1ID, Marks 07

Answer

1 Right understanding helps us to develop a vision of a holistic approach.

By holistic approach, we mean the processes and the technologies adopted
holistic model is inherently
by us must be compatible with nature. A Modern technology is the
conducive to the comprehensive human goal. of inereasing needs.
child of humanbrain. All inventions are the result technologies it is
In order to facilitate the development of holistic
holistie evaluation of
indispensible to create specific eriteria for the development of
technologies. We have these broad eriteria to guide
such technologies and systems:
needs and life style.
i Caringto appropriate
i People-friendly.
ü Eco-friendly.
technologies are ereating environmental problems, because of
2 Modern fossil-fuels
wide-spread use of naturalresources. We are burning
demand ofnatural
the resources. There is an increasing
renewable
and other
worldwide and natural resources are depleting very rapidly.
resources
increasing demand throughout the world to evolve
There is now
renewable technologies and modes of production.
alternative and
this is only possible through right understanding energy
3 Certainly human-needs. We need to work on renewable
evaluation of
need to research eco-friendly technology for human
technologies. We
welfare. of the
use of technology we need to take care people
When we are makingshould make our best efforts to make a
needs of people. We Because technologies are to help people and this
Iriendly technology. we evolve a system. In modern
keep in mind, while human welfare
thing needs to betechnology are not being used only for
days science and
understanding
inthe society becauseof lack of right
andthis is happening
of human needs.
and an evaluation
Universal Human Values &Professional Ethics

& Instead of making technology, human

4-19Y(CC8
anti-human, Forthe right utilization of friendly, we are
technologY, we need making
aboutour basic needs through right understanding

VERY IMPORTANT QUESTIONS

Following questions are very important.
may be asked in your SESSIONALS These
UNIVERSITY EXAMINATION.
as well
questions
as

Q.1. What is harmony ? Discuss in detail |

Ans Refer Q. 4.1, Unit-4. with universal
aspect.
Q.2. What is harmony in
space.
existence ? Differentiate nature av3
Ans. Refer Q. 4.2, Unit-4.
Q.3. What do you mean by
with examples. mutual fulfillment in nature? Explain
Ans. Refer Q. 4.4, Unit-4.
Q.4: Explain recyclability and
Ans Refer Q. 4.6, Unit-4. self-regulation in nature.
Q.5. Explain the four orders
existing
inter-linked to one another ? in nature ? How are they
Ans. Refer Q. 4.7, Unit-4.
Q.6. What are the four
orders in nature ? How are they inle
dependent and mutually
Ans Refer Q. 4.8, Unit-4. fulfilling for each other ? Explai
Q.7. What do you
me an by Explainthe
conformance in the four 'conformance' ?
Ans Refer Q. 4.9, Unit-4. orders.
Q.8. What do you innateness
in the four mean by
Ans Refer Q.4.10, orders ? innatenesss? What is the
Unit-4.
 (CC-Sem-3&4) Understanding Harmony in the Nature &Existence
4-20Y
co-existence. What is the difference between passive
Q.9. Define co-existence ?
and active
Unit-4
Ans Refer Q. 4.12,
Explain following three realities Units (Material,
Q. 10. Conscious), Space, and Co-existence.
Unit-4.
Ans Refer Q. 4.13,
Analyze the importance of holistictechnology in the current
o.11.
scenario with different examples.
Ans. Refer Q. 4.18, Unit-4.
 Implications of Holistic
5
UNIT
Understanding of
Harmony on
Professional Ethics

CONTENTS
Part-1: Natural Acceptance of 5-2Y to 5-3Y
Human Values

Definitiveness of Ethical .5-4Y to 5-6Y

Part-2 :
Human Conduct and Basis
for Humanistic Education,
Humanistic Constitution and
Humanistic Universal Order

Part-3: Competence in Professional Ethics ...... 5-6Y to 5-12Y

Part-4 Case Studies of Typical Holistic ...... 5-12Y to 5-16Y

Technologies, Management
Models and Production Systems
Part-5:Strategy for Transition from the 5-16Y to 5-20Y
Present State to
Uníversal Human Order

5-1Y (CC-Sem-3 &4)

5-2Y(CCSem-3& 0 Implications of Holistie Understanding

PART-1

Natural Aeceptance of Human Values.

Questions-Answers

Long Answer Type and Medium Answer Type Questions

Que 5.1. What are the values in interaction of human beings

of each.
ith the material things ? Give one example
AKTU2018-19(IV), Marks 07
OR
both important in
What is utility value and artistic value ? How are
human life ? Explain with example.
OR
for art too'. Explain.
When there is no utility, there is no scope
Answer
universal human values or the
Competence of livingin accordance with its natural characteristics or
1
participation of aunit in the larger order-
Svabhava.
outcome
ethical conduct. They are the natural
2. Values are a part of ourunderstanding, which are always definite.
of realizationand right belief.
3. Values need not to be
imposed through fear, greed or blind
mulya (values of Human Being in the Interaction with the
4. The vastu human being with the rest
participation of the
Rest of the Nature) isthe categorized as:
of the nature. It is further being in
Utility Value(Upyogita Mulya) : The participation of human providing
L nurture, protection and
ensuringthe role of physicalfacility in
means for the body.
partieipation of a human being in
ii. Artistie value(kala mulya) : Thetohelp and preserveits utility.
ensuringthe role of physical facility that it aids in writing. This
utility value of a pen is
5 For example, the
provides a means to the body. design
cap to the pen so that the ink does not spill, a proper
Providing a the pen.
writing, ete., preserve the utility of
for holding of the pen while utility value.
6. has the utility that it protectsthe body. This is itsartistie value.
Ashirt can be easily put on is the
Designing the shirt so thatit
Universal Human Values & Professional Ethics
5-3Y(CC-Sem-3 &4)
Que 5.2. List some suggestions to make value education
more
effective in the present seenario. AKTU2017-18III), Marks 07
Answer
Ways for Promoting Value Education :
1 The value orientation should become the main focus of our educational
system. In providing education for values whole of the society should he
involved. The emphasis should be on moral development of the students
2. Value education cannot be provided through proper text book but with
inspiration and initiative of the teachers, the can be taught in a proper
way. There are some ways for providing value education for the students.
These are as follows.
3 Social and ethicalvalues, examples from day-to-day situations, extracts
from sayings of great even, incidents and problems wiich develop values
judgments among the pupils, poems, religious stories et., can be taught
to the students.
4 In school yoga and other religious activities like - pray to god, social
service etc. can be taught to the students in the classrooms. Group
activities like cleaning the school camps, visiting slums, service campus,
visits to hospitals, visits to place of worship of different faiths should
form part of content in value education.
5. Personality Development Retreats' could be held to enable the students
to developself-control, punctuality, sharing and caring respect for
faiths, cooperation etc. other
6. There should be an integrated approach in the value oriented
programme. There should be foundation courses both at theeducational
secondary
schools and universities among at giving the children basic knowledge
about Indiaits people and cultural tradition.
7. Special schools designed for value
established. Every state should have atoriented education should be
least one institution which may
impart value-oriented education from nursery to the post
8 Special teacher orientation programmes should be taken graduate
up
level.
atthe state
level to train teachers in the effective methods of
among students and teachers. development of value
9 Television which is a craze for the
present value based programmmesyoung of today should also be used to
through skits, cartoon seripts and
such other means. There need not be any special
noral value based education. These values need classroom lectures o
mutual interactionand inter to be taught throug
communication.
10. It is never needed to identify any
and we are all children of the sameparticular religion or faith - god is oe
needs to be given. God- that is the basic lesson that
54Y(COC-Sem 3&4) Implications of Holistie Understanding

PART-2

Definitiveness of Ethical Human Conduet and Basis

for Humanistic Education, Humanistie Constitution and
Humanistic Universal Order.

Questions-Answers
Long Answer Type and Medium Answer Type Questions

Que 5.3. What is ethical human conduct ? Explain in terms of

values,policies and character with appropriate examples.
AKTU2018-19IV),Marks 07
OR
its relevance.
What do you mean by ethical human conduct ? Explain
AKTU2014-15(II), Marks 04
OR
for ethical humn an
Explain any five values which are necessary
AKTU 2016-17(I),Marks 05
conduct.
OR
of ethical human conduct?
What do you mnean by definitiveness
How can it be ensured? |AKTU2018-19(II), Marks 07
OR
understanding lead to definiteness of
How does realization and
human conduet ? AKTU2015-16(|1), Marks 10

Answer
human conduct can be defined as
Ethieal Human Conduct : Ethical policy and character which is
values,
the combined representation of self-exploration. It is universal
acquiredthrough right understandingand It is also
combination with universal human values.
in nature and is in
When we acquire right understanding
called definite hunan [Link] our present conduct and ethical
We are able to bridgethe gaps person is conducting himseltherself
human conduct, We can 8ay a
ethically,. Also when they :
societal norms, not steal, kill,
Respect humanity, not bein conflict with
and should be honest.
Universal Human Values & Professional Ethics
2.
5-5Y(CC-Sem-3 &4)
Donot have conflict with the selr"I at an individual level.
3. When they have established right
understanding and are in harmomw
with the rest of the orders of the universe
allmen and women, human or natural rights, such as essential equality of
land concern, safety etc. obedience to the law of
4 Work towards enrichment of the rest
of the nature.
But unless we have the right
the definitiveness of ethical understanding, we are not able to identify
human conduct. It can be understood
terms of the following: in
i. Values (Mulya) : Competence of living in accordance with
human values or the participation of a unit in the universal
natural characteristics or svabhava is known as larger order- its
part of our ethical conduct. values. Values are a
ii. Policy Niti) : policy is the decision (plan,
results, evaluation) about the enrichment, program, implementation,
of the resources (self, body and protection and right utilization
wealth - mana, tana and dhana).
iii. Character (Charitra) : The definiteness of my desire,
selection givesdefiniteness to my
the outcome of the living. Definitiveness ofthought
character
and
is
5. Five values which are
definiteness of my behaviour and work.
necessary for ethical
i. Love: Unconditional and unselfish care. human conduct are :
ii. Peace : Control the mind.
ii. Truth :
iv. Indispensable ethical discipline.
Non-violence means respect for life and recognition of rights of
others.
:It
V.
Right conduct:Truthin action is
right conduct.
Que 54.
Discuss what you mean by universal human order.
What is holistic OR
alternative ?
What do you OR
understand by Svarajya ?
Answer
Universal Human Order or Holistic
1. Our
surroundings include air,
Alternative of Svarajya :
water, space, plants and animals. The
Lotal
in an existence
has a
organized togetherness
manner where
and c0-existence. This
togetherne
is ready to help and every individual serves afunctioh a
or holistic support otbers is
2. For the alternative or Suarajya. known as universal human ordes
endeavourunderstanding
in form of
of harmony and
undivided society hu
education, health, production, justice, exchat