Important Viva & Lab Quiz Q&A - Analog Communication
1. What does AM stand for in communication systems?
2. What is modulated in Amplitude Modulation (AM)?
3. What is a carrier signal?
4. What is a modulating signal?
5. What is a modulated signal?
6. What formula is used to calculate the modulation index in AM?
7. What is the modulation index when the signal is under-modulated?
8. What happens when the modulation index is greater than 1?
9. What does a modulation index of 1 represent?
10. What are the basic components required for an AM modulator circuit?
11. What is the range of frequencies typically used for the carrier wave?
12. What device produces the carrier signal in the lab setup?
13. What is the purpose of a diode in the AM modulator circuit?
14. What is the role of the LC tank circuit in AM modulation?
15. What is observed on the oscilloscope in an AM circuit?
16. What parameter changes with the audio signal in an AM waveform?
17. What does the oscilloscope measure to calculate the modulation index?
18. How can we observe if the modulation is over-modulated?
19. Which component is adjusted to vary the carrier frequency?
20. How do you calculate modulation index using maximum and minimum amplitudes?
21. What is demodulation in AM?
22. What is the function of a diode in an AM demodulator circuit?
23. What is the purpose of a capacitor in a demodulator circuit?
24. What is the role of the resistor in the envelope detector?
25. What is an envelope detector?
26. What mathematical formula represents an AM signal?
27. What does the demodulator recover from the AM signal?
28. Which type of signal is observed at the demodulator output?
29. What effect does a higher RC time constant have on demodulation?
30. What effect does a lower RC time constant have?
31. Why is a balance between resistor and capacitor values important?
32. What is the aim of pre-emphasis?
33. What is the aim of de-emphasis?
34. What kind of components are used in pre-emphasis and de-emphasis circuits?
35. Why is pre-emphasis used in communication systems?
36. What is the benefit of de-emphasis?
37. What happens when frequency is increased in pre-emphasis?
38. What device is used to vary input signal frequency in lab experiments?
39. Which component determines the gain in pre-emphasis circuits?
40. How is gain calculated in the experiment?
41. What is the unit of gain?
42. Why do we plot frequency vs gain on a semi-log sheet?
43. Which waveform is expected in a pre-emphasis output?
44. Which waveform is expected in a de-emphasis output?
45. What is the difference between modulating and modulated signals?
46. What happens if a modulation index is too high?
47. What is distortion in an AM signal?
48. Why is an LC tank called a bandpass filter?
49. Why must the power supply be grounded during the experiment?
50. What precaution should be taken when working with high-frequency circuits?
51. What does SNR stand for?
52. What is a hard limiter in FM systems?
53. What is the difference between AM and FM modulation?
54. What causes harmonics in an AM modulator circuit?
55. What is the advantage of using a buffer stage in modulation circuits?
56. Which components affect the response time of an envelope detector?
57. What causes noise in a demodulated signal?
58. What happens if the RC time constant is too high?
59. What happens if the RC time constant is too low?
60. What is the effect of increasing resistance in an envelope detector?
61. How does the capacitor affect the smoothing of signals?
62. Why is only the positive cycle used in envelope detection?
63. What is meant by rectification?
64. Which type of diode is commonly used in demodulation?
65. What happens if we use a poor quality diode in demodulation?
66. What is peak detection?
67. How is the original audio signal represented mathematically?
68. What determines the modulation depth?
69. How does modulation affect bandwidth?
70. What is the importance of pre-emphasis in FM transmission?
71. How does de-emphasis reduce noise?
72. What would happen if pre-emphasis and de-emphasis circuits are not used in FM?
73. What does the 20 log(V0/Vi) expression calculate?
74. Why are logarithmic scales used in gain analysis?
75. How can frequency-dependent gain improve communication?
76. What is the unit of frequency?
77. What is a common value of capacitance used in de-emphasis circuits?
78. Which resistor value is used in the pre-emphasis experiment?
79. What is the use of CRO in the experiment?
80. What is the function of a signal generator?
81. What should be the input amplitude for pre-emphasis experiments?
82. What is the result of the AM demodulator experiment?
83. What is the result of the pre-emphasis experiment?
84. What is the result of the AM modulator experiment?
