1. RESOLUTORY CONDITION - The happening thereof extinguishes the obligation.
2. EFFICIENT CAUSE - The reason why the obligation exists.
3. FORTUITOUS EVENT - It cannot be foreseen, or even if foreseen is inevitable.
4. GENERIC THING - That thing that never perishes.
5. PAYMENT - Delivery of money or performance of an obligation in any other manner.
6. OBJECT/ PRESTATION - It consists of giving, doing or not doing something.
7. OBLIGATION - Juridical necessity to give, to do or not to do.
8. NEGLIGENCE - Omission of the diligence required by the nature of the obligation and
corresponds with the circumstances of the person, of the time and of the place.
9. DETERMINATE THING - designated or physically segregated from all others of the same class.
10. CONDITION - wields an influence on a legal relation.
11. SOLUTIO INDEBITI - Return of what has been paid by mistake.
12. DAY CERTAIN/PERIOD - which must necessarily come although it may not be known when.
13. NEGOTIORUM GESTIO - Management of the property or affairs of another without his consent.
14. ACCION PAULIANA- The remedy of the creditors to impugn contracts entered into by the debtor
to defraud them. action to recover the better right to possess real property
15. CONTRACT - A meeting of minds between two or more persons whereby one binds himself with
respect to the other to give something or to render some service.
16. CONSENT - The manifestation of the meeting of the offer and the acceptance upon the thing
and the cause which are to constitute the contract.
17. PERFECTION - The stage of a contract when there is a meeting of minds between the parties on
a definite subject matter and valid cause.
18. MOTIVE - The particular reason of a party in entering into a contract.
19. IN PARI DELICTO - When both parties to a contract are mutually guilty.
20. CAUSE - The essential reason of a party in entering into a contract.
21. LUCID INTERVAL - The period of temporary sanity of an insane person.
22. CIVIL INTERDICTION - accessory penalty which deprives a person during the term of his
sentence of the rights of parental authority, of guardianship, of marital authority, of the right to
manage his property & of the right to dispose of such property by any act or conveyance inter
vivos.
23. PREPARATION OF CONTRACT - Involves preliminary negotiations and bargaining, with no
arrival yet of a definite agreement.
24. CONSENSUAL CONTRACT- A contract that is perfected by mere consent.
25. VOID CONTRACT - A contract without any force and effect since the beginning.
26. ANNULMENT - The action that is brought to set aside a voidable contract.
27. GRATIFICATION - The adoption or affirmation of a contract which is defective because of a
party's vitiated consent or incapacity.
28. ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS - Without which a contract would not exist, consent, object and cause.
29. ABSOLUTELY SIMULATED - The parties do not intend to be bound at all.
Void - defective con bcs it is prohibited by law/agreement in restraint of trade or establishing monopoly
Voidable Con - valid, binding & enforceable until annulled
Obligation with a period - When the debtor binds himself to pay when his means will permit him to do
Solidary obligation - where there is a concurrence of two or more creditors or two or more debtors in
one and the same obligation and each of the creditors is entitled to demand entire compliance of the
obligation and each of the debtors is liable to comply with the entire obligation
Quasi delict - wrong committed without any pre-existing relations between the parties.
Compensation morae - refers to delay on the part of creditor and debtor
Personal right - creditor has a right that is enforceable against a definite passive subject
Conjunctive obligation - where various prestations are due but the performance of all of them is
required in order to extinguish the obligation
Natural obli - not enforceable by a court action
Usufructuary - person who has the right to the benefits of another’s property
Reciprocal obli - Are those which arise from the same cause, and which each party is a debtor and a
creditor of the other, such that the obligation of one is dependent upon the obligation of the other
Exemplary Damages - Damages are imposed, by way of example or correction for the public good, in
addition to moral, temporary, liquidated or compensatory damages
Quasi-contract - source of an obligation that refers to a juridical relation which arises from certain
lawful, voluntary and unilateral act, to the end that no one may be unjustly enriched or benefited at the
expense of another
