Practice questions
1. Which step in glycolysis is considered the "committed step" that commits
glucose to be metabolized?
a) Glucose → Glucose-6-phosphate
b) Fructose-6-phosphate → Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate
c) Phosphoenolpyruvate → Pyruvate
d) Glucose-6-phosphate → Fructose-6-phosphate
2. How many molecules of ATP are produced per molecule of glucose during
the energy payoff phase of glycolysis?
a) 1
b) 2
c) 4
d) 6
3. Which of the following is the substrate for the enzyme aldolase in glycolysis?
a) Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate
b) Glucose-6-phosphate
c) Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate
d) Phosphoenolpyruvate
4. Which of the following enzymes catalyzes the phosphorylation of glucose to
form glucose-6-phosphate in most types of tissues?
a) Hexokinase
b) Glucokinase
c) Phosphofructokinase-1
d) Pyruvate kinase
5. The conversion of phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to pyruvate is catalyzed by
which enzyme?
a) Hexokinase
b) Enolase
c) Pyruvate kinase
d) Phosphoglycerate kinase
6. How many molecules of NADH are produced per molecule of glucose in
glycolysis?
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a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 4
7. In anaerobic conditions, pyruvate is converted into which of the following to
regenerate NAD+?
a) Ethanol
b) Lactate
c) Acetyl-CoA
d) Acetaldehyde
8. Which of the following best defines metabolism?
a) The process of cell division
b) The sum of all chemical reactions that occur within a cell or organism
c) The breakdown of food into energy
d) The synthesis of DNA in the cell
9. Which of the following processes is classified as anabolism?
a) Glycolysis
b) Fatty acid oxidation
c) Protein synthesis
d) Citric acid cycle
10. Which of the following molecules is considered the main energy currency of the
cell?
a) NADH
b) FADH2
c) ATP
d) GTP
11. What is the term for metabolic pathways that break down molecules to release
energy?
a) Anabolic pathways
b) Catabolic pathways
c) Amphibolic pathways
d) Biosynthetic pathways
12. Which of the following is an example of a catabolic pathway?
a) Gluconeogenesis
b) Glycogen synthesis
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c) Glycolysis
d) Fatty acid synthesis
13. Which of the following pathways is an example of an amphibolic pathway
(involving both catabolism and anabolism)?
a) Glycolysis
b) Citric acid cycle
c) Electron transport chain
d) Pentose phosphate pathway
14. The energy released from the conversion of PEP to pyruvate is used to generate
how many molecules of ATP?
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 4
15. Which of the following molecules acts as an immediate reserve of high-energy
phosphates in muscle cells to regenerate ATP?
a) ATP
b) NADH
c) Phosphocreatine
d) Pyruvate
16. The enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group from
phosphocreatine to ADP, generating ATP, is called:
a) Creatine kinase
b) Pyruvate kinase
c) Phosphofructokinase
d) Adenylate cyclase
17. What is the primary function of phosphocreatine in muscle cells?
a) To store energy in the form of glucose
b) To buffer the levels of pyruvate
c) To provide an immediate source of phosphate to regenerate ATP
d) To promote protein synthesis
18. How many molecules of ATP can be regenerated from each molecule of
phosphocreatine during rapid muscle contraction?
a) 1
b) 2
c) 4
d) 6
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19) Which substrate is used in the last step of glycolysis?
a) Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate
b) Pyruvate
c) Phosphoenolpyruvate
d) 1, 3-bisphosphoglycerate
Q2) Consider the glycolytic reactions shown in the given figure.
In this figure, the first intermediate, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate, is converted into
compound X. Following this, compound X is then converted into 3-
phosphoglycerate. What is the identity of compound X?
Q3) Which of the following is not an intermediate of glycolysis?
Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate
Glucose-1,6-bisphosphate
Glucose-6-phosphate
Fructose-6-phosphate
Q4) fill in blank : Energy is __________ during glycolysis.
Q5) Glycolysis is divided into two stages:
Stage I. This stage is also known as the preparatory or investment stage because
two ATP are used to phosphorylate glucose. The formation of glyceraldehyde-3-
phosphate marks the end of this stage. Thus, stage I comprises reactions _____ to
_____.
Stage II. This stage is also known as the payoff or energy recovery stage where
glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate is converted to pyruvate and some ATP is generated.
Thus, stage II comprises reactions _____ to _____.
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b. How many ATPs are consumed during the first stage (energy investment) of
glycolysis?
c. How many ATPs are consumed during the second stage (energy recovery) of
glycolysis?
d. How many ATPs are produced during the first stage of glycolysis?
e. How many ATPs are produced during the second state of glycolysis?
f. What is the **net ATP yield** of glycolysis?
g. Specify during which steps are ATPs produced.
Answers
1) b, 2) c, 3) a, 4) a, 5) c, 6) b, 7) b, 8) b, 9) c, 10) c, 11) b, 12) c, 13) b, 14) a, 15) c,
16) c, 17) c, 18) a, 19) c.
2) 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate
3) Glucose-1,6-bisphosphate
4) produced and consumed
5) Glycolysis Stages:
Stage I: Reactions 1 to 5
Stage II: Reactions 6 to 10
b) ATPs consumed during the first stage: 2 ATPs
c) ATPs consumed during the second stage: 0 ATPs
d) ATPs produced during the first stage: 0 ATPs
e) ATPs produced during the second stage: 4 ATPs
f) Net ATP yield of glycolysis: 2 ATPs
g) Steps where ATPs are produced: Step 7 and Step 10
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