CHAPTER

Page 22
2 Polynomials Chap 2

POLYNOMIALS

ONE MARK QUESTIONS 3. The maximum number of zeroes a cubic polynomial

can have, is
(a) 1 (b) 4
Multıple Choıce Questıons (c) 2 (d) 3
Ans : [Board 2020 OD Basic]
1. If one zero of a quadratic polynomial (kx2 + 3x + k)
is 2, then the value of k is A cubic polynomial has maximum 3 zeroes because
its degree is 3.
(a) Thus (d) is correct option.
5 (b) -
5
6 6
4. If one zero of the quadratic polynomial x2 + 3x + k is
(c) 6 2, then the value of k is
5 -
(d) 5
Ans : [Board 2020 Delhi (a) 10 (b) - 10
Basic]

We have
(c) - (d) - 2
p (x) = kx2 + 3x +
k 7

Since, 2 is a zero of the quadratic polynomial Ans : [Board 2020 Delhi

Standard]

p (2) = 0 We have p (x) = x2 + 3x + k

k (2)2 + 3 (2) + k = If 2 is a zero of p (x), then we have
0
p (2) = 0
4k + 6 + k =
0
(2)2 + 3 (2) + k = 0
5k =− 6 & k =−
4+6+k =0
6
5
Thus (d) is correct option.
10 + = 0 * =− 10
k k
2. The graph of a polynomial is shown in Figure, then Thus (b) is correct option.
the number of its zeroes is
5. The quadratic polynomial, the sum of whose zeroes is
- 5 and their product is 6, is
(a) x2 + 5x + 6 (b) x2 − 5x + 6
(c) x2 - 5x - 6 (d) −x2 + 5x + 6
Ans : [Board 2020 Delhi
Standard]

Let α and β be the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial,

then we have
α + β =− 5
and αβ = 6
(a) 3 (b) 1
Now p (x) = x2 − (α + β) x + αβ
(c) 2 (d) 4
Ans : [Board 2020 Delhi
= x2 − (− 5) x + 6
Basic]
= x2 + 5x + 6
Since, the graph cuts the x -axis at 3 points, the
number of zeroes of polynomial p (x) is 3. Thus (a) is correct option.
Thus (a) is correct option.
6. If one zero of the polynomial (3x2 + 8x + is the
k)
Chap 2 Polynomials Page 23

reciprocal of the other, then value of k is

(a) 3 (b) - 3 (c) 4 (d) 15
(c) 1 Ans :
(d) -
1
3 3
We have f(x ) = x2 − x − 4
Ans : [Board 2020 OD −1 −4
Basic] α + β =− = 1 and αβ = −4
1
Let the zeroes be α and . 1 1
α1 constant 1 1 α +β
Now + −
αβ = − αβ
Product of zeroes, a· = α β αβ
coefficient of x2
a
1 k
= 1 15
& k =3 =− +4 =
3 4 4
Thus (a) is correct option. Thus (a) is correct option.

7. The zeroes of the polynomial x2 − 3x − m (m + 3) are

(a) m, m + 3 (b) −m, m + 3
(c) m, − (m + (d) −m, − (m + 3)
3)
Ans : [Board 2020 OD Standard]

We have
p (x) = x2 − 3x − m (m 10. The value of the polynomial x8 − x5 + x2 − x + 1 is
Substituting x + (a) positive for all the real numbers

=− m in p (x) we have (b) negative for all the real numbers

p (- m) = (− m)2 − 3 (− m) − m (m + (c) 0
= m + 3m − m − 3m = 0
2 2
(d) depends on value of x
Thus x =− m is a zero of given polynomial. Ans :
Now substituting = m + 3 in given polynomial
x We have f = x8 − x5 + x2 − x + 1
we (x)
have
p (x) = (m + 3)2 − 3 (m + 3) − m (m f (x) is always positive for all x > 1
+ 3)
For x = 1 or 0, f(x) = 1 > 0
= (m + 3)[m + 3 − 3 − m]
For x < 0 each term of f (x) is positive, thus f (x) > 0
= (m + 3)[0] = 0 . Hence, f (x) is positive for all real x .
Thus x = m + 3 is also a zero of given polynomial. Thus (a) is correct option.
Hence, -m and m + are the zeroes of given 11. Lowest value of x2 + 4x + 2 is
3
polynomial. (a) 0 (b) - 2
Thus (b) is correct option. (c) 2 (d) 4
8. The value of x , for which the polynomials x2 - 1 and Ans :
x2 − 2x + 1 vanish simultaneously, is
(a) 2 (b) - 2 x2 + 4x + 2 = x2 + 4x + 4 − 2
(c) - (d) 1 = x+22−2
1
Ans : Both expression ^x − 1h^x + 1h and ^x - 1h^x
Page 24 Polynomials Chap 2
- 1h have 1 as zero. This both vanish if x = 1. Here x + 2 is always positive and its lowest value
2

Thus (d) is correct option. is zero. Thus lowest value of x + 2 2 − 2 is - 2

when x + 2 = 0.
9. If α and β are zeroes and the quadratic polynomial
1 1 Thus (b) is correct option.
f(x ) = x2 − x − 4, then the value of + α
α
12. If the sum of the zeroes of the polynomial
f x = 2x3 − 3kx2 + 4x − 5 is 6, then the value of k is
(a) 2 (b) - 2
(a)
15 (b) - 15 (c) 4 (d) - 4
4 4
Chap 2 Polynomials Page 25

Ans : 2
x x (d) 2x2 + 2x − 24
(c) - -
Sum of the zeroes, 6 = 3k 6
2 2 2
Ans :
12
k = =4
We have α =− 3 and β = 4.
3
Sum of zeros α+ =− 3 + 4 = 1
Thus (c) is correct option. β
Product of zeros, α · =− 3 # 4 =− 12
β
13. If the square of difference of the zeroes of the quadratic So, the quadratic polynomial is
polynomial x2 + px + 45 is equal to 144, then the value
of p is x2 − α + β x + = x2 − 1 # x + − 12
(a) ! αβ
(b) !12 = x2 − x − 12
9
(c) ! (d) !18 x2 x
15
Ans : = − −6
2 2
We have f(x ) = x2 + px + Thus (c) is correct option.
45
16. If the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial
−p x2 + (a + 1 x + b are 2 and -3, then
Then, α + β = 1 =− p
)
and = 45 (a) a =− 7, b =− 1
=
αβ 45
1
(b) a = 5, b =− 1
According to given condition, we have (c) a = 2, b =− 6
(α - β)2 =
(d) a = 0, b =− 6
144
(α + β)2 − 4αβ = Ans :
144
If a is zero of the polynomial, then f(a ) = 0.
(-p)2 - 4(45) =
144
Here, 2 and -3 are zeroes of the polynomial
p = 144 + 180 = 324 * p =!
2

18 x2 +(a + 1)x + b
So, f(2) = 2 2 + a + 1 (− 3) + b = 0
14. If one 2of the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial
(k − 1 x + kx + 1 is -3, then the value of k is
)
(a) 4 + 2a + 2 + b = 0
4
3 (b) -34
6 + 2a + b = 0
(c) 2
(d) - b +
2a =− 6 ...(1)
2
3 3
Ans : 2
Again, f(-3) = (−3) +(a + 1)2 + b = 0

If a is zero of quadratic polynomial f(x ), then

9 − 3(a + 1) + b = 0
f (a ) = 0
9 − 3a − 3 + b = 0
So, f(-3) = k − 1 −3 2 + −3 k +
1 6 − 3a + b = 0

0 = k − 1 9 − 3k + 1
Page 26 Polynomials Chap 2
−3a + b =− 6
0 = 9k − 9 − 3k +
1 3a - b = 6 ...(2)

0 = 6k − 8 Adding equations (1) and (2), we get

k = 8 5a = 0 & a = 0
=
4
6 3 Substituting value of a in equation (1), we get
Thus (a) is correct option.
b =− 6
15. A quadratic polynomial, whose zeroes are - 3 and 4,
Hence, a = 0 and b =− 6.
is
Thus (d) is correct option.
(a) x2 − x + 12 (b) x2 + x + 12
Chap 2 Polynomials Page 27

17. The zeroes of the quadratic polynomial x2 + 99x +

get = 1, b = k and = k .
127
a c
are Again, let if α, β be the zeroes of given polynomial
(a) both positive then,
(b) both negative
α + β =− k
(c) one positive and one negative
αβ = k
(d) both equal Case 1: If k is negative, then αβ is negative. It means
Ans : α and β are of opposite sign.
Case 2: If k is positive, then α + β must be negative
Let f]xg = x2 + 99x + 127 and αβ must be positive and α and β both negative.
Comparing the given polynomial with ax2 + bx + c, Hence, α and β cannot both positive.
we get a = 1, b = 99 and c = 127 . Thus (a) is correct option.
Sum of zeroes α+ −b
β =− No Need to Buy any Question Bank or Sample Chapter
= 99
a From Market. Download Free PDF of all Study
Product of zeroes Material from
= c = 127
a
αβ

Now, product is positive and the sum is negative, so

both of the numbers must be negative.
19. If the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial ax2 + bx + c,
Alternative Mettod : where c C 0, are equal, then
Let f(x ) = x2 + 99x + 127 (a) c and a have opposite signs
Comparing the given polynomial with ax2 + bx + c, (b) c and b have opposite signs
we
get a = 1, b = 99 and 127 . (c) c and a have same sign
c
Now by discriminant rule, (d) c and b have the same sign
=2 − 4ac
D b Ans :
= 2
(99) − 4 # 1 # Let f(x ) = ax2 + bx + c
127
= 9801 Let α and β are zeroes of this polynomial
− 508 = 9293
= 96.4 b
Then, α+ =−
β
a
So, the zeroes of given polynomial, c
and αβ =

x = −b ! b2 −
a
4ac Since α = β , then α and β must be of same sign i.e.
2a either both are positive or both are negative. In both
−99 ! 96.4 case
=
2
αβ > 0
Now,as 99 > 96.4
c
So, both zeroes are negative. a >0
Thus (b) is correct option. (c) are always unequal
(d) are always equal
18. The zeroes of the quadratic polynomial x2 + kx + k
where k C 0, Ans :
(a) cannot both be positive
Let f(x ) = x2 + kx + k , k C 0
(b) cannot both be negative
Page 28 Polynomials Chap 2
Comparing the given polynomial with ax2 + bx + c,
Both c and a are of same sign.
we
Thus (c) is correct option.

20. If one of the zeroes of a quadratic polynomial of the

form x2 + ax + b is the negative of the other, then it
(a) has no linear term and the constant term is
negative.
(b) has no linear term and the constant term is
positive.
(c) can have a linear term but the constant term is
negative.
(d) can have a linear term but the constant term is
Chap 2 Polynomials Page 29

positive. As irrational roots/zeros always occurs in pairs

Ans :
therefore, when one zero is (2 - 3 ) then other will
be 2 + 3 . So, both A and R are correct and R
Let f(x ) = x2 + ax + b
explains A.
and let the zeroes of f(x ) are α and β , Thus (a) is correct option.
As one of zeroes is negative of other,
23. Assertion : If one zero of poly-nominal
sum of zeroes α + β = a +(−a) = p (x ) = k(2 + 4 x2 + 13x + 4k is reciprocal of other,
0 ...(1) then k =) 2.
and αβ = a ·(−a) =− α2 ... Reason : If (x − α) is a factor of p(x ), then p(α) = 0
(2)

Hence, the given quadratic polynomial has no linear

i.e. α is a zero of p(x ).
term and the constant term is negative.
(a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and
Thus (a) is correct option.
reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion
21. Which of the following is not the graph of a quadratic (A).
polynomial? (b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but
reason (R) is not the correct explanation of
assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
Ans :
1
Let a, a be the zeroes of p x , then
( )
a · 1 = 2 4k
a k +4

1 = 2 4k
k +4
k2 − 4k + 4 = 0
(k - 2)2 = 0 & k = 2
Assertion is true Since, Reason is not correct for
Ans : Assertion.
As the graph of option (d) cuts x -axis at three points. Thus (b) is correct option.
So, it does not represent the graph of quadratic 24. Assertion : p x = 14x3 − 2x2 + 8x4 + 7x − is a
polynomial. 8
polynomial of degree 3.
Thus (d) is correct option. Reason : The highest power of x in the polynomial

22. Assertion : (2 - 3 ) is one zero of the p(x ) is the degree of the polynomial.

quadratic polynomial then other zero will be( 2 + 3 . (a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and
)
Reason : Irrational zeros (roots) always occurs in reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion
pairs. (A).
(a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and (b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but
reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion reason (R) is not the correct explanation of
(A). assertion (A).
(b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but (c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
reason (R) is not the correct explanation of (d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
assertion (A).
Ans :
(c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
The highest power of x in the polynomial
(d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true. p (x) = 14x3 − 2x2 + 8x4 + 7x − is 4. Degree
8
Page 30 Polynomials Chap 2
Ans : is 4. So, A is incorrect but R is correct.
Thus (d) is correct option.
Chap 2 Polynomials

25. Assertion : x3 + Linear

has only one real zero.
x
Reason : A polynomial of n th degree must have n
real zeroes. 28. A cubic polynomial is of degree..........
(a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and Ans :
reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion Three
(A).
(b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but 29. Degree of remainder is always .......... than degree of
reason (R) is not the correct explanation of divisor.
assertion (A). Ans :
(c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false. Smaller/less
(d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
30. Polynomials of degrees 1, 2 and 3 are called..............,
Ans : .......... and..............polynomials respectively.
A polynomial of n th degree at most can Ans :
have n real zeroes. Thus reason is not true. linear, quadratic, cubic
Again, x3 + x = x(x2 + 1)
31...............is not equal to zero when the divisor is
which has only one real zero because x2 + 1 C 0 for not a factor of dividend.
all x ! R . Ans :
Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
Remainder
Thus (c) is correct option.

26. Assertion : If both zeros of the quadratic polynomial 32. The zeroes of a polynomial p(x are precisely the x -
x2 − 2kx + 2 are equal in magnitude but opposite in coordinates of the points, where ) the graph of y = p x
sign then value of k is ½. intersects the.............axis.
Reason : Sum of zeros of a quadratic polynomial Ans :
ax2 + bx + c is -b
a
x
(a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and
reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion 33. The algebraic expression in which the variable has
(A). non-negative integral exponents only is called ..........
(b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but Ans :
reason (R) is not the correct explanation of
assertion (A). Polynomial
(c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false. 34. A quadratic polynomial can have at most
(d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true. 2 zeroes and a cubic polynomial can have at most
............zeroes.
Ans :
Ans :
As the polynomial is x2 − 2kx + 3
2 and its zeros are
equal but opposition sign, sum of zeroes must be zero.
35. A..............s a polynomial of degree 0.
sum of zeros = 0 Ans :
- ( - 2k )
Constant
=0 * k
1
=0

Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true. 36. The highest power of a variable in a
Thus (d) is correct option. polynomial is called its ..........
Ans :
Fıll ıN THe BlaNK QuesTIONs Degree

37. A polynomial of degree n has at the most

27. A.............polynomial is of degree one. ............zeroes.
Ans :
 Polynomials Chap 2
Ans :
n
Chap 2 Polynomials

38. The graph of y = p (x), where p (x) is a polynomial

= (2x − 3)(2x − 3)
in variable x , is as follows.
Substituting p (x) = 0, and solving we getx = 23, 2
3

x = 23, 23
Hence, zeroes of the polynomial are 3 , 3 .
2 2

42. In given figure, the graph of a polynomial p (x) is

shown. Calculate the number of zeroes of p (x).

The number of zeroes of p (x) is .......... .

Ans : [Board 2020 SQP Standard]

The graph of the given polynomial p (x) crosses the

x -axis at 5 points. So, number of zeroes of p (x) is 5.

39. If one root of the equation (k − 1) x2 − 10x + 3 = 0 is

the reciprocal of the other then the value of k is .........
Ans : [Board 2020 SQP
Standard]

We have (k − 1) x2 − 10x + 3 = 0
1
Let one root be α , then another root will be α
Now
c
a· 1 = = 3
a a (k − 1)

1 = (k −3 1)

Ans : [Board Term-1 2013]

k- 1 =3 & k =4
The graph intersects x-axis at one point x = 1. Thus
the number of zeroes of p(x ) is 1.

VeRY SHORT ANsweR QuesTIONs

43. If sum of the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial
3x2 − kx + 6 is 3, then find the value of k .
40. If α and β are the roots of ax2 − bx + c = 0 (a C Ans : [Board
0), 2009]
then calculate α + β. We have p (x) = 3x2 − kx − 6
Ans : [Board Term-1
2014]

We know that coefficient of x

Sum of the zeroes = 3 =−
coefficient of x2
Sum of the roots =− coefficient of x
(−k)
2
coefficient of x Thus 3 =− * k =9
3
Thus −b
α + β =− b l = 44. If -1 is a zero of the polynomial f (x) = x2 − 7x − 8,
b
a a
then calculate the other zero.
41. Calculate the zeroes of the polynomial Ans :
p(x = 4x2 − 12x + 9.
) :
Ans [Board Term-1 We have f(x ) = x2 − 7x −
2010]
Let other zero be k , then we have
p (x) = 4x2 − 12x + 9
 Polynomials Chap 2
= 4x2 − 6x − 6x + −7
9 Sum of zeroes, −1 + k =− b l=7
1
= 2x (2x − 3) − 3 (2x −
3) or k =8
Chap 2 Polynomials Page 29

TWO MARKS QUESTIONS

= (x − 3)(x − 3)

2 zeroes of the polynomial x + 4x + 2a are a and

2
45. If Substituting p (x) = 0, we getx = 3, 3
,
Hence zeroes are 3, 3
then a
find the value of a .
Ans : [Board Term-1 49. Find the quadratic polynomial whose sum and product
2016] 21 5
of the zeroes are 8 and 16 respectively.
Product of (zeroes) roots,
Ans : [ Board Term-1 2012, Set-
c 2a 35]
= =α# =
α
a2 1 21
or, Sum of zeroes, α+β = 8
2a = 2
16
Thus a =1 5
Product of zeroes αβ =

46. Find all the zeroes of f x = x2 − 2x .

( Now p (x) x2 − (α + β) x + αβ
Ans : [Board Term-1
2013]
) 21 5
= x2 − 8 x +16
We have f(x ) = x2 − 2x

=x x−2 or 1
( p (x) = 16 (16x2 − 42x + 5)
Substituting f (x) = 0, and solving we getx = 0, 2
Hence, zeroes are 0 and 2.) 2
50. Form a quadratic polynomial p(x ) with 3 and -
47. Find the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial as
sum 5
and product of its zeroes, respectively.
3 x2 − 8x + 4 3 .
Ans : [ Board Term-1 Ans : [Board Term-1 2012]
2013]
Sum of zeroes, α + β = 3
We have p(x )
3 x2 − 8x + 4 3 Product of zeroes αβ =−5
2
=
= 3 x2 − 6x − 2x + 3
4

= 3 x ( x − 2 3 ) − 2( x − 2 Now p (x) x2 − (α + β) x + αβ
3)
2
= x2 − 3x − 5
= ( 3 x − 2)(x − 2 3 )

Substituting p (x) = 0, we 1
have = (5x2 − 15x − 2)
5
( 3 x - 2)(x - 2 3 ) p (x)
=0 The required quadratic polynomial is 1
5 (5x2 - 15x - 2)
Solving we get x = 23 , 2 3
2
Hence, zeroes are and 2 3 .
3
48. Find a quadratic polynomial, the sum and product of
whose zeroes are 6 and 9 respectively. Hence find the 9
zeroes.
Ans : [ Board Term-1
2016]

Sum of zeroes, α+β =6

Product of zeroes αβ =
Page 30 Polynomials Chap 2

51. If m and n are the zeroes mof the n polynomial

3x2 + 11x − 4, find the value of + .
n m
Now Ans : [ Board Term-1 2012]
p (x) = x2 − (α + β) x +
αβ
2
We have
m2 + n2 (m + n) − 2mn
2
m+ n
Thus = x − 6x + = = (1)
n m mn mn
9
Thus quadratic polynomial is x2 − 6x + 9. 11
Now p (x) = x2 − 6x + Sum of zeroes m + n =−
3
9
Chap 2 Polynomials Page 31

−4 k(−1)2 − 4(−1) + k = 0
Product of zeroes mn = 3
k+4+k =0
Substituting in (1) we have
2k + 4 = 0
m+ n (m + n)2 −
=
2mn
2k =− 4
n m mn
(− 11)2 − −4 # Hence, k =− 2
2 3 3
= −4
3 55. If α and β are the zeroes of a polynomial x2 − 4 3 x + 3,
121 + 4 # 3 # 2 then find the value of α + β − αβ.
= −4 # 3
Ans : [ Board Term-1 2015]

or m+ n
= −145 We have p (x) = x2 − 4 3 x + 3
n m 12
If α and β are the zeroes of x2 − 4 3 x + 3, then
52. If p and q are the zeroes of polynomial
f (x = 2x2 − 7x + 3, find the value of p2 + q2. Sum (−4 3)
of zeroes, α + β =− =− 1
) :
Ans [ Board Term-1 b
2012]
a
We have f(x ) = 2x − 7x + 3
2
or, α + β = c4 3 3
Sum of zeroes p+ 7 b −7 Product of zeroes αβ = =
q =− =− =

a b 2 2 a 1

or, αβ = 3
Product of zeroes =c = 3
pq
a 2 3
Now α + β − αβ = 4 − 3.
Since, (p + q)2 = p2 + q2 + 2pq
so, p2 + q2 = (p + q)2 − 2pq 56. Find the values of a and b , if they are the zeroes of
2
polynomial x2 + ax + b .
= b 7 l − 3 = 49 − 3 =
37 Ans : [ Board Term-1 2013]
2 4 1 4
We have p (x) = x2 + ax + b
Hence p2 + q2 = 37
.
4
Since a and b , are the zeroes of polynomial, we get,
53. Find the condition that zeroes of polynomial
p x = ax2 + bx + c are reciprocal of each other. Product of zeroes, =b * a=1
(
Ans
) : [ Board Term-1 =− a * b =− 2a =−
2012]
ab
2
Sum of zeroes, a+
b

We have p(x ) = ax2 + bx +

c 57. If α and β are the zeroes of the polynomial
f(x ) = x2 − 6x + k , find the value of k , such that
1
Let α and be the zeroes of p(x ), then α2 + β2 = 40.
α
Product of zeroes, Ans : [ Board Term-1 2015]

c 1 c We have f(x ) = x − 6x + k
2

=α# = 1 or =
a α a Sum
of zeroes, α + β =− −(−6)
1 b = =6
So, required condition is, c = a a 1

54. Find the value of k if -1 is a zero of the

polynomial c k
Product of zeroes, αβ = = =k
Page 32 Polynomials Chap 2
p a 1
(x ) = kx2 − 4x + k .
Ans : [ Board Term-1
2012] Now α2 + β2 = (α + β)2 − 2αβ = 40

We have p(x = kx2 − 4x + k (6)2 - = 40

) 2k
Since, -1 is a zero of the polynomial, then
= 40
p(-1) = 0
36 -
2k
Chap 2 Polynomials Page 33

- 2k = Given α−β =9 ...(2)

4
Solving (1) and (2) we get α = 5 and β =−
Thus k =− 2 4
αβ = Constan term2
58. If one of the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial Coefficient of x
f (x = 14x2 − 42k2x − 9 is negative of the other, find
the
) value of ‘k ’. or αβ =− k
Ans : [ Board Term-1 Substituting α = 5 and β =− 4 we have
2012]
(5)(-4) =− k
We have f(x ) = 14x2 − 42k2x − 9
Let one zero be α , then other zero will be −α
Thus k = 20
.
Sum of zeroes α + −α = 0.
( 61. If the zeroes of the polynomial x2 + px + q are
Thus sum of zero will be 0.
) double in value to the zeroes of 2x2 - 5x - 3, find
the value of p and q .
Sum of zeroes 0 =− Coefficient of x
Coefficient of x2 Ans : [ Board Term-1 2012, Set-39
]
2
42k
0 =− 14 =− 3k2
We have f(x ) = 2x2 − 5x − 3

Thus k = 0. Let the zeroes of polynomial be α and β, then

5
59. If one zero of the polynomial 2x2 + 3x + λ
1 Sum of zeroes α+β = 2
is the value of λ and the other zero. 2 , find

3
Product of zeroes αβ =− 2
Ans : [ Board Term-1
2012]
According to the question, zeroes of x2 + px + are
1 q
Let, the zero of 2x2 + 3x + λ be 2 and β.
2α and 2β.
c −p
Product of zeroes , 1β = Sum of zeros, 2α + 2β =
λ
a 2 2 1

or, β =
2(α + β) =− p
λ
b3 1
Substituting α + β = 5
we have
sum of zeroes - , + β =− 2
and a 2 2
5
3 1 2 # 2 =− p
or β =− − =−
2
2
2 or =− 5
p
Hence = β =− 2 q
Product of zeroes, 2α2β =
λ
Thus other zero is -2. 1

60. If α and β are zeroes of the polynomial f x = x2 − x 4αβ = q

(
−k
) Substituting αβ =− 2 we have
, such that α − β = 9, find k . 3

Ans : [ Board Term-1 2013, Set FFC ]

Page 34 Polynomials Chap 2

We have f (x ) = x 2 − x − k -
2 3
4# =q
Since α and β are the zeroes of the polynomial, then - 6 =q
Sum Coefficient of x
of zeroes, α + β =− Thus p =− 5 and q =− 6.
Coefficient of x2
−1 62. If α and β are zeroes of x2 −(k − 6)x + 2(2k − 1), find
=−b =1
1 l 1
the value of k if α + β = αβ.
2

α+β =1 Ans :
...(1)
We have p (x) = x −(k − 6)x + 2(2k − 1)
2
Chap 2 Polynomials Page 35

Since α , β are the zeroes of polynomial p (x), we 1

If 2, 3 and are the zeroes of the polynomial p (x),
get 2

α + β =−8−(k − 6)B = k − then these must satisfy p (x) = 0

6
(1) 2, p(x ) = 2x2 − 11x2 + 17x − 6

αβ = 2(2k − 1) p(2) = 2(2)3 − 11(2)2 + 17(2) − 6

= 16 − 44 + 34 − 6
1
Now α + β = 2 αβ
= 50 − 50
2(2k − 1) or p(2) = 0
Thus k+6 = 2
(2) 3, p(3) = 2(3)3 − 11(3)2 + 17(3) − 6
or, k - 6 = 2k − 1
k =− 5 = 54 − 99 + 51 − 6
Hence the value of k is - = 105 − 105
5.
or p(3) = 0
1 1 3 1 2 1
(3) 1
2 pb2 l = 2b2 l − 112b l + 17
2b l − 6

THREE MARKS QUESTIONS = 1 − 11 + 17 − 6

4 4 2
63. Find a quadratic polynomial whose zeroes are 1
or pb2 l = 0
reciprocals of the zeroes of the polynomial
f (x) = ax2 + bx + c , a C 0, c C 0.
1
Ans : [Board 2020 Delhi
Hence, 2, 3, and 2 are the zeroes of p(x ).
Standard]
65. If the sum and product of the zeroes of the
Let α and β be zeros of the given polynomial polynomial ax2 − 5x + c are equal to 10 each, find
ax2 + bx + c . the value of 'a' and 'c'.
b c Ans : [Board Term-1 2011, Set-25
α + β =− a and αβ =a ]
Let 1 and 1 be
the zeros of new polynomial then we
α β We have f(x ) = ax2 − 5x + c
have
Let the zeroes of f(x ) be α and β, then,

−5 5
Sum of zeros, 1 1 β+ Sum of zeroes α + β =− a = a
=α+ =
α
s αβ
β
c
b Product of zeroes αβ =
= —c a = c a
−b According to question, the sum and product of the
a

Product of zeros, p
= 1·1 = 1 = zeroes of the polynomial f(x ) are equal to 10 each.
a
α β αβ c
Thus 5 ...(1)
= 10
Required polynomial, a
g (x) = x2 − sx + c
p and = 10 ...(2)
2 a
b a
(x) = x + x +
g c Dividing (2) by eq. (1) we have
c
Page 36 Polynomials Chap 2
cg (x) = cx2 + bx + c
a =1 * c=5
5
gl(x) = cx2 + bx + a 2
Substituting c = 5 in (2) we get a = 1

64. Verify whether 2, 3 and 1

2 are the zeroes of the Hence a = and c = 5.
1
( 2
polynomial p) x = 2x3 − 11x2 + 17x − 6.
Ans : [ Board Term-1 2013, LK-
66. If one the zero of a polynomial 3x2 − 8x + 2k + 1 is
59 ]
Chap 2 Polynomials

seven times the other, find the value of k .

Ans : [ Board Term-1 2011, Set-
Hence, required quadratic polynomial is 1
(2x2 − 9x + 9)
2
40 ]

68. If α and β are the zeroes of the polynomial 6y2 − 7y + 2,

We have f(x ) = 3x2 − 8x + 2k + 1
Let α and β be the zeroes of the polynomial, then find a quadratic polynomial whose zeroes are 1 α and
1
β.
β = 7α Ans : [ Board Term-1 2011]
8
Sum of zeroes, α + β =− b −
3 We have p(y) = 6y2 − 7y + 2
l
α + 7α = 7 7
8α = of zeroes α + β =−b− l=
8 Sum
3 6 6
So 1 Product 2
1
α = of zeroes αβ = =
3 6 3

Product of zeroes, 2k + 1
a# = Sum of zeroes of new polynomial g (y)
3
7a
7 6
2 2k + 1 2 6
7α = 1 +1 =α+β = =7
3 α αβ 2

7b 1 l = 2k +
2
1 and product of zeroes of new polynomial g (y),
3 3
1 1 = 1 = 1 =3
1 α # β αβ 1 3
7#
9 = 2k 1+ 1
The required polynomial is
7
- 1 = 2k 2 7
3 g (x) = y − y + 3
4 2 2
= 2k * k = 1 2

67. Quadratic polynomial

3 3 = 62y − 7y + 6@
2
2x − 3x + has zeroes as α
2

1
and β. Now form a quadratic polynomial whose zeroes 69. Show that 12 and -32 are the zeroes of the polynomial
are 3α and 3β. 4x2 + 4x − 3 and verify relationship between
Ans : [ Board Term-2 zeroes and coefficients of the polynomial.
2015]
Ans : [Board Term-1 2011]
(
We have f )x = 2x2 − 3x + 1 We have p(x = 4x2 + 4x − 3
If α and β are the zeroes of 2x − 3x + 1, then
2
If 1
and -3 ) zeroes of the polynomial p (x),
are the
Sum −b 3 2 2
of zeroes α+β = =
a 2 then these must satisfy p (x) = 0
Product c 1 1 1 1
of zeroes αβ = = pb l = 4 b l + 4b l − 3
a 2 2 4 2
New quadratic polynomial whose zeroes are 3α and
=1+2−3=0
3β is, 3 9 3
and pb- l = 4 b l + 4b− l − 3
p (x) = x −(3α + 3β)x +
2
3α×3β
Page 34 Polynomials Chap 2
2 2 2
= x 2 − 3( α + β ) x + =9−6−3=0
9αβ 1 3
= 2 Thus 2, - 2 are zeroes of polynomial 4x2 + 4x − 3.
3 1
x − 3 b2 lx + 9b2 l
1 3 −4
Sum of zeroes = − =− 1 =
2 9 9
2 2 4
x − x+
= 2 2
=− Coefficient of x
Coefficient of x2
1
= (2x2 − 9x +
2
9)
Chap 2 Polynomials

1 3
Product of zeroes = b lb− l = = 5x2 + 10x − 2x − 4 = 0
−3 2 2 4

= 5x(x + 2) − 2(x + 2) = 0
Constan term 2
= Coefficient of x Verified
= (x + 2)(5x − 2)
Substituting p (x) = 0 we get zeroes as - 2 and 52 .
Verification :
Sum 2 −8
of zeroes =− 2 + =
5 5
Product 2 −4
of zeroes = (− 2) # b l =
70. A teacher asked 10 of his students to write a 5 5
polynomial in one variable on a paper and then to
handover the paper. The following were the answers Now from polynomial we have
given by the
students : Sum of zeroes - b =− Coefficient of x = −8
2x + 3, 3x2 + 7x + 4x3 + 3x2 + x3 + + 7, a Coefficient of x2 5
2, 2, 3x
7x + 7 , 5x3 − 7x + 2x2 + 3 − 5 , 5x - 1 ,
2,
3 2 1
x 2 Product of zeroes c = Constan term =− 4
ax + bx + cx + d , x + x . a 5
Coefficient of x2

Answer the following question : Hence Verified.

(i) How many of the above ten, are not
polynomials? 73. If α and β are the zeroes of a quadratic polynomial
(ii) How many of the above ten, are quadratic such that α + β = 24 and α − β = 8. Find the
polynomials? quadratic polynomial having α and β as its zeroes.
Ans : [Board 2020 OD Ans : [Board Term-1 2011, Set-
Standard] 44]

(i) 5
x13 + + 7, 2x2 + 3 − and x+ are not We have α + β = 24 ...(1)
3 x x
x
polynomials.
α−β = ...(2)
8
(ii) 3x2 + 7x + 2 is only one quadratic
polynomial. Adding equations (1) and (2) we have
71. Find the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial x2 - 2 2
x and verify the relationship between the zeroes and 2α = 32 * α = 16
the coefficients. Subtracting (1) from (2) we have
Ans : [Board Term-1
2015] 2β = 16 * β = 8

We have p(x )x2 - 2 2 x = 0 Hence, the quadratic polynomial

x (x - 2 2 ) =
0 p (x) = x2 −(α + β)x + αβ

= x −(16 + 8)x +(16)(8)

2
Thus zeroes are 0 and 2 2 .
Sum of zeroes 2
2 =− Coefficient of x2 = x2 − 24x + 128
Coefficient of x
Constan term 74. If α, β and γ are zeroes of the polynomial
and product of zeroes 0= 2 6x3 + 3x2 − 5x + 1, then find the value of
Coefficient of x
α−1 + β−1 + γ−1.
Hence verified Ans :
Page 36 Polynomials Chap 2
72. Find the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial
We have p (x) = 6x3 + 3x2 − 5x + 1
5x + 8x − 4 and verify the relationship between the
2
Since α, β and γ are zeroes polynomial p (x), we have
zeroes and the coefficients of the polynomial.
Ans : b 3 1
[Board Term-1 2013, Set LK- α + β + γ =−c =−6 =−2
59]
c 5
We have p(x ) = 5x2 + 8x − 4 = 0
+ βγ + γα = =−
αβ a 6
Chap 2 Polynomials Page 35

Dividend = (Divisor# Quotient) +

=−d 1
and =−
Remainder 4x4 - 5x3 - 39x3 - 46x - 2
αβγ a 6

Now
1 1 αβ + βγ + = g(x )(x2 − 3x − 5) +(−5x +
= 8)
1 γα αβγ
+
α β+
γ − 5 6 −5 4x2 − 5x3 − 39x2 − 46x − 2 + 5x − 8
6
= = 6 #− =5
−1 6 1 = g(x )(x2 − 3x − 5)
4x4 - 5x3 - 39x2 - 41x - 10 = g(x )(x2 − 3x − 5)
−1 −1
Hence α + β + γ = 5. −1

g(x ) = 4x − 5x − 39x − 41x − 10

4 3 2

75. When p(x ) = x2 + 7x + 9 is divisible by g(x ),

we
(x2 − 3x −
get (x + 2) and -1 as the quotient and 5)+ 2
Hence, g(x ) = 4x2 + 7x
remainder
respectively, find
(
gx .
)
Ans : [Board Term-1 78. If the squared difference of the zeroes of the
2011] quadratic polynomial f x = x2 + px + 45 is equal to
(
144, find the )value of p .
We have p(x ) = x2 + 7x + 9
Ans : [Board
q(x ) = x + 2 2008]
(
r(x ) =− 1 We have f )x = x2 + px + 45
Let α and β be the zeroes of the given quadratic
Now p(x ) = g(x )q(x ) + r(x )
polynomial.
x2 + 7x + 9 = g(x )(x + 2) − 1 Sum of zeroes, α + β =− p
g(x ) = x + 7x + 10
2
or, Product of zeroes αβ = 45
x+
2
( x + 2)( x +
Given, (α − β)2 = 144
= =x+
)5 (α + β)2 − 4αβ =
5
(x + 2) 144
Thus g(x ) = x + 5
Substituting value of α + β and αβ we get
76. Find the value for k for which x + 10x + 25x + 15x + k
4 3 2
(- p)2 - 4 # 45 = 144
is exactly divisible by x + 7 .
Ans : [Board Term p2 - 180 = 144
2010]
p2 = 144 + 180 = 324
We have f(x ) = x + 10x + 25x + 15x + k
4 3 2

324
If x + 7 is a factor then - Thus p =! =! 18
7 is a zero of f(x ) and
(
x =− 7 satisfy f x = 0. Hence, the value of p is !18.
) x =− 7 in f (x) and equating to
Thus substituting
zero we have,
(−7)4 + 10(−7)3 + 25(−7)2 + 15(−7) + k = 0
2401 − 3430 + 1225 − 105 + k = 0
3626 − 3535 + k = 0
FOUR MARKS QUESTIONS
91 + k = 0
k =− 91
79. Polynomial x4 + 7x3 + 7x2 + px + is exactly divisible
q
 Polynomials Chap 2
77. On dividing the polynomial 4x4 - 5x3 - 39 2 by x2 + 7x + 12, then find the value of p and q .
by the polynomial g(x ), the quotient is Ans : [Board Term-1 2015]
x2 - 3x - and the remainder is −5x + . We have f (x) = x + 7x + 7x + px + q
4 3 2

5 (
Find the polynomial g )x .
Ans : [Board Term Now x2 + 7x + 12 = 0
2009]
Chap 2 Polynomials Page 35

x2 + 4x + 3x + 12 = 0

x ( x + 4) + 3( x + 4) = 21
α2 + β2 + 2αβ − αβ =
0
4
(x + 4)(x + 3) =
21
0 (α + b)2 − αβ = 4
x =− 4, − 3
Since f (x) = x + 7x3 + 7x2 + px + q is exactly
4
Substituting values we have
divisible by x2 + 7x + 12, then x =− 4 and x =− 3
must be its zeroes and these must satisfy f (x) = 0 -5 2 k 21
b 2 l -2 =4
So putting x =− 4 and x =− 3 in f (x) and equating
to zero we get k 25 21
= −
2 4 4
f(-4) : (−4) + 7(−4) + 7(−4) + p(−4) + q =
4 3 2

0 k 4
= =1
256 − 448 + 112 − 4p + q = 0 2 4

−4p + q − 80 =
0 Hence, k = 2

4p - q =− 80 ...(1)
81. If α and β are the zeroes of polynomial
f -
3 : (−3)4 + 7(−3)3 + 7(−3)2 + p(−3) + q p(x ) = 3x2 + 2x + 1, find the polynomial whose zeroes
=0
1−α 1−β
are 1 + α and 1 + β .

81 − 189 + 63 − 3p + Ans : [Board Term-1 2010,

q =0 2012]

−3p + q − 45 =
We have p(x = 3x2 + 2x + 1
0
)
Since α and β are the zeroes of polynomial 3x2 + 2x + 1
3p - q =− 45 ...(2) , we have
Subtracting equation (2) from (1) we have
2
α + β =− 3
p =− 35
1
and αβ =
Substituting the value of p in equation (1) we have 3

4(-35) - Let α1 and β1 be zeros of new polynomial q (x).

=− 80
q
Then for q (x), sum of the zeroes,
- 140 - =− 80
1−β
q =
80140 − α1 + β1 = 1 − α +
- q
1+α 1+β
or - q = 60
1( − α + β − αβ ) + (1 + α − β − αβ
q =− 60 =
(1 + α) )(1 + β)
Hence, p =− 35 and q =−
60. = 2 − 2αβ =
1 + α + β + αβ 1 2 2− 3 1
2

80. If α and β are the zeroes of the polynomial

—3+3
p(x ) = 2x + 5x + k
2
satisfying the relation, 34
= =2
2
α2 + β2 + αβ = 421 , then find the value of k . 3

Ans : [Board Term-1

2012] For q (x), product of the zeroes,
We have
k p(x ) = 2x2 + 5x +
 Polynomials β Chap 2
α β = 1−α 1−
b 5 1 1 :1 + αD;1 + βE
Sum of zeroes, α + β =− =−b
l
a 2 (1 − α)(1 − β
c k =
Product of zeroes αβ = = (1 + α))(1 + β)
a 2
1 − α − β + αβ
According to the question, =
1 + α + β + αβ
21
α2 + β2 + αβ = 4
Chap 2 Polynomials

1− α+β +
( )
= αβ 1
1 + (α + β ) + = (3x2 − 16x + 16)
αβ
3
1 + 32 + 31 6
83. If α 2 and β are zeroes of the polynomial
= = 3
=3 p (x) = 6x − 5x + k such that α − β = 1, Find the
1 − 2 + 31 2
3
3 6
Hence, Required polynomial value of k.
Ans : [Board
q (x) = x2 − (α1 + β1) 2x + α1β1 2007]
= x2 − 2x + 3
We have p(x ) = 6x2 − 5x + k
82. If α and β are the zeroes of the polynomial x2 + 4x +
Since α and β are zeroes of
3, find the polynomial whose zeroes are 1α + β and 1β
+ α. p(x ) = 6x2 − 5x + k ,
Ans : [Board Term-1
−5 ...(1)
2013] Sum of zeroes, α + β =− b l=
( 5 6
We have p x = x2 + 4x + 3 6
) ...(2)
Since α and β are the zeroes of the quadratic
k
polynomial x2 + 4x + 3, Product of zeroes αβ = 6
...(3)
So, α + β =− 4
1
Given α−β =6
and αβ =
3 Solving (1) and (3) we get α = and β = and
1 1
2 3
Let α1 and β1 be zeros of new polynomial q (x). substituting the values of (2) we have
Then for q (x), sum of the zeroes, k 1 1
αβ = = #

β 6 2 3
α
+β =1+ +1+ Hence, k = 1.
α
1
1 α β

αβ + β2 + αβ + α2
=
αβ

α2 + β2 +
=
2αβ
αβ
α+β 2
= (
αβ = (−4) 16
) =
3 3
For q (x), product of the zeroes,
β α
α1β1 = b1 + 1+
α lb β l
α+β β+α
=b
α lc β m

α+β 2

= (
) αβ
(−4)
2
16
= =
3 3

Hence, required polynomial

2
 Polynomials are zeroes of the Chap 2
polynomial
84. If β and 1

q (x) = x − (α1 + β1) x + β

α1β1 a2 + a x2 61x + 6a . Find the value of β and α .

= 2 16 16 (+
x −b lx + Ans
) :
3 3
16 16 We have p(x ) = (a2 + a)x2 + 61x + 6
= bx − 3 x + 3 l
2
Chap 2 Polynomials

Since β and
1
are the zeroes of polynomial, p(x ) 2 5
β
=2 −2#
2
β
Sum of zeroes, + =− a261
+a = 4 − 5 =− 1
1
1
or, β = − 61 ...(1) (ii) 1 =
α+β
= 2= 4
β2 + 2
1
+
β a2 + a α β αβ 5 5
Product of zeroes
b 1 = 2 6a (iii) (α − β)2 = (α − β)2 − 4αβ
b a +a
6 = 22 − 4 #
or, 1 = a 2
+
5 4 − 10
a+1 =6

=− 6
a =5 1 1 α2 + β2
(iv) + = = − 1 = −4
Substituting this value of a in (1) we get (αβ) 25 2
25
α2 ( )
2

β2

β2 + (v) (α3 + β3) = (α + β)3 − 3αβ(α + β)

1 = −61 =− 61
30 5
52 + 5 = 23 − 3 #2 # 2 = 8 − 15 =− 7
β
30β2 + 30 =− 61β
30β2 + 61β + 30 = 0
- 61 ! (-61)2 - 4 # 30 # 30
β
Now 2 # 30

−61 ! 3721 − 3600

=
60
- 61 " 11
60
Thus −5 -6
β= or
6 5
Hence, − 5 −6
α = 5, β = ,
6 5
85. If α and β are the zeroes the polynomial 2x2 − 4x + 5,
find the values of
(i) 1 1
α2 + (ii) +
β2
α
(iii) (α2− 1 1
β) (iv) +

α2 β2
(v) α2 +
β2
Ans : [Board 2007]
 Polynomials Chap 2
We have
p (x) = 2x − 4x + 5
2

If α and β are then zeroes of p = 2x2 − 4x + 5,

then (x)
b − ( −4)
α + β =− = =2
a 2
and c 5
αβ = =
a 2

(i) α2 + β2 = (α + β)2 − 2αβ