DM-G+4 Structural Design

1. Modulus of Elasticity according to ACI for Solution formula:

• According to ACI 318-19: Modulus of Elasticity (E) = 4700 x (f’c^0.5) MPA
• According to DM circular No. 37 year 2021 Modulus of Elasticity (E) = 0.043 x (Wc^1.5) x (f’c^0.5)
N/mm2
• Concrete Class C50
• According to BS 8110-1 C50 means concrete with fcu=50 MPA
• Fcu = 35N/mm2
• F’c = 45 MPa

2. What is the minimum spacing between centers of 2 piles according to ACI Solution formula:
• 2.5D and 3D for Friction piles

3. What is the Wind Speed in Dubai

• Before 2021 45m/s
• After 2021: 38m/s with load factor 1.6 for Building with Risk Category II
4. Convert the following:
• Fcu=40, f’c=?
• F’c=40, fcu=?
• Concrete class C50 what is fcu & f’c
F’c = 0.8 fcu
5. What are the types of connections in steel

6. What is braced column according to BS

• Braced Column: is considered braced in a plane if lateral stability for the structure as a whole is
provided through wall, bracing or buttressing designed to resist all lateral forces working on that plan.

7. What is unbraced column according to BS

• Unbraced Column: is considered unbraced in a plane if lateral stability for the structure as a whole is
not provided through wall, bracing or buttressing.

8. What is unbraced wall according to BS

• Unbraced wall: a wall Which provides its own lateral stability.

9. What is braced wall according to BS

• Braced wall: a wall where reaction to lateral forces are provided by lateral supports.

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10. What is the effective length for the following:
• Braced, with 2& 2 conditions clear height = L
• Braced, with 1&3 conditions clear height = 3m
• Unbraced, with 1&3 conditions clear height= L
• Unbraced with 2&2 conditions clear height =4m

11. What is the exposure factor for building in the following locations:
• Open to sea
D

• On rural flat terrain

C

• In center of city between high rise buildings

A

12. What is the zone seismic factors (z) for the following zones:
• 2B: 0.2
• 1: 0.075
• 2A: 0.15
Table (A-2) Seismic Zone Factor Z (UBC)
Zone 1 2A 2B 3 4
Z 0.075 0.15 0.20 0.30 0.40
Note: The zone shall be determined from the seismic zone map

13. What is the long-term seismic coefficient (cv) for the following conditions: -
• Zone 2A, Soil Profile SD :0.32
• Zone 2B, Soil Profile SB :0.2
• Zone 1, Soil Profile SC :0.09

14. What is the short-term seismic coefficient (ca) for:

• Zone 2B, Soil Profile SC :0.24

• Zone 2A, Soil Profile SD :0.22

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Table (A-5) Soil Profile Types (UBC)
Soil Soil Profile Average Soil Properties for Top 30 m Of Soil
Profile Name/Generic Profile
Type Description Shear Wave Standard Undrained
Velocity, vs Penetration Shear
m/s Test, N Strength, S u
(blows/foot) kPa
SA Hard Rock > 1,500 --- ---
SB Rock 760 to 1,500
SC Very Dense Soil and 360 to 760 > 50 > 100
Soft Rock
SD Stiff Soil Profile 180 to 360 15 to 50 50 to 100
SE Soft Soil Profile < 180 < 15 < 50
SF Soil Requiring Site-specific Evaluation

Table (A-6) Seismic Coefficient Ca (UBC)

Soil Profile Type Seismic Zone Factor, Z

Z =0.075 Z = 0.15 Z = 0.2 Z = 0.3 Z = 0.4
SA 0.06 0.12 0.16 0.24 0.32 N a
SB 0.08 0.15 0.20 0.30 0.40 N a
SC 0.09 0.18 0.24 0.33 0.40 N a
SD 0.12 0.22 0.28 0.36 0.44 N a
SE 0.19 0.30 0.34 0.36 0.36 N a
SF See Footnote
Footnote: Site-specific g e o t e c h n i c a l i n v e s t i g a t i o n a n d d y n a m i c r e s p o n s e
a n a l y s i s s h a l l be performed to determine seismic coefficients for soil Profile Type S F.

Table (A-7) Seismic Coefficient Cv (UBC)

Soil Profile Type Seismic Zone Factor, Z
Z =0.075 Z = 0.15 Z = 0.2 Z = 0.3 Z = 0.4
SA 0.06 0.12 0.16 0.24 0.32 N a
SB 0.08 0.15 0.20 0.30 0.40 N a
SC 0.13 0.25 0.33 0.45 0.56 N a
SD 0.18 0.32 0.40 0.54 0.64 N a
SE 0.26 0.50 0.64 0.84 0.96 N a
SF See Footnote
Footnote: Site-specific g e o t e c h n i c a l investigation a n d d y n a m i c r e s p o n s e analysis
shall be performed to determine seismic coefficients for soil Profile Type S F

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15. What is the Importance factor I for:
• Hotel 1
• Cinema 1
• Police Station 1.25
• Hospital 1.25
• Hostel 1
• Fire Station 1.25
• Residential Building 1

Table (A-3) Occupancy Importance Factors (UBC)

Occupancy Category Seismic Importance Factor, I
1-Essential facilities 1.25

2-Hazardous facilities 1.25

3-Special occupancy structures 1.00

4-Standard occupancy
1.00
structures
5-Miscellaneous structures 1.00

Certainly! In Dubai, the importance factor for hospitals and fire stations is typically specified in
the seismic design code. According to the Dubai Seismic Code (April 2009), the importance
factor (denoted as “I”) is used to increase the margin of safety for essential and hazardous
facilities. For such structures, the importance factor is usually set to 1.25

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16. What is SPT
• Sand Penetration Test
17. According to ASCE what is the coefficient for:
• Windward 0.8
• Sidewall -0.7
• Leeward -0.2, -0.3, -0.5

18. What is R for the following: -

• Bearing wall structure with Shear Walls 4.5
• Dual system with shear wall Concrete and SMRF 8.5
• Moment Resisting Frame with SMRF 8.5
• Building Frame System with Concrete Shear Wall 5.5
Table (A-4) Structural Systems (UBC)
Basic Structural Lateral- force resisting system R  Height limit
System description Zones 3 & 4.
(meters)
Bearing Wall Concrete shear walls 4.5 2.8 48
Building Frame Concrete shear walls 5.5 2.8 73
Moment- SMRF 8.5 2.8 N.L
Resisting Frame IMRF 5.5 2.8 ----
OMRF 3.5 2.8 ----
Dual Shear wall + SMRF 8.5 2.8 N.L
Shear wall + IMRF 6.5 2.8 48

Cantilevered Cantilevered column elements 2.2 2.0 10

Column Building
Shear-wall Frame 5.5 2.8 48
Interaction

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According to ASCE table 12.2-1 page 90

19. Chose the Reinforcement steel for the following:

• Beam of 200mm x 600mm (min)
• Shear Wall of 35cm thick (Max)
• Raft of 1m Thick (Max & Min)
• Slab of 25cm thick (Min)

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19.1- Table for Reinforcement Percentage

20. What is the stiffness modification factor for:

• Column 0.7
• Beam 0.35
• Flat Slab 0.25
• Cracked Wall 0.3
• Uncracked Wall 0.7
• Post tension slab
• Slab beam system
• Retaining wall 0.25
• Stiffness factors – Moment of inertia and cross-sectional areas permitted for elastic analysis at
factored loads table [Link].1 (a) ACI 318

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21. What is the maximum allowable deflection for: -
• Building
H/500 Per Story, H is story height BS 8110-2
• Column
• Beam
• Cantilever
• For lateral force
DM Circular No 37, year 2021 Slabs and beams deflection shall not be more than L/480 or 20mm, and
H/ 400 to H/600 due to lateral loads given that drift per story don’t exceed 10mm

BS 8110-2: -
Maximum allowable deflection due to vertical load:
L/500 or 20mm for brittle materials
L/320 or 20mm for non-brittle materials.
Maximum allowable deflection due to lateral loads:
H/500 per story, H is story height
ACI 318M-19

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22. What is the shear strength for:

For Shear Strength

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For Shear Stress

23. Determine if the columns are short or slender columns

• Clear height= 5 m, braced condition 1 &1, column b=250
• Clear height= 3 m, unbraced condition 2 &3, column b=600
• Clear height= 4 m, braced condition 2 &3, column b=200

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24. What is fy for steel of the following grades: -
BS 4449-2005 B500B
B500C 460 B
Grade 43 (S275)
Grade 50
ASTM A615/A615M 60 420 MPA
50
40
Table [Link] a – modified tensile strength and modified additional tensile properties requirements for
ASTM A615 reinforcement

Grade 280 Grade 420 Grade 550 Grade 690

Tensile Strength 420 550 690 790
Minimum, MPA
Ratio of Actual 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1
tensile strength to
actual yield strength

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25. What is the formula for eccentricity in strap beam/ foundation
• Find M for service load=500 and e=40cm
• For Ultimate load =500 and e=30cm

26. Where does the Maximum hoggin moment occur between two columns
At support

27. What is the punching shear critical distance for the following:
• Slab thickness = 25cm according to ACI
Solution: Calculate d from h, d= h-cover-stirrup dia- (main rein. /2)

• Slab thickness = 20cm according to ACI

Solution: Calculate d from h, d= h-cover-stirrup dia- (main rein. /2)

BS 8110-1 Critical distance at 1.5 d from the face of the column

ACI 318M-19 Critical distance is 0.5 d from the face of the column

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28. Find the foundation area for the following: -
• Ultimate load=700 kN SBC= 100 kN/m2
• Service load= 500kN SBC= 150 kN/m2

29. 2 span beam, L=6m, D. L=12, L. L=8, Fcu=35 MPa what is the minimum Top &
Bottom reinforcement at the Middle of the span?

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30. What is the design moment at the bottom of the following slabs if ultimate load = q:
• 3m x 8m
• 6mx6m
• 4mx10m

31. Find the minimum reinforcement for the following: -Fcu=35 , fy=460
Beam 250x600mm M=145 kN.m

𝑓̀𝑐 600 𝜌∗𝑚

𝜌𝑏 = 0.85 ∗ ∗ 𝛽1 ∗ 𝑅𝑢 = 𝜌 ∗ 𝑓𝑦 ∗ (1 − )
𝑓𝑦 (600 + 𝑓𝑦 ) 2
𝜌𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.75 𝜌𝑏 𝑓𝑦
𝑚=
1 0.85 ∗ 𝑓̀𝑐
𝜌 = 𝜌𝑚𝑎𝑥
2 𝑀𝑢
𝑅𝑢𝑟𝑒𝑣 =
∅ ∗ 𝑏 ∗ 𝑑2
𝑀𝑢
𝑑= √
∅ ∗ 𝐵 ∗ 𝑅𝑢 1 2 ∗ 𝑅𝑢𝑟𝑒𝑣 ∗ 𝑚
𝜌𝑟𝑒𝑣 = (1 − √1 − )
𝑚 𝑓𝑦
𝑑𝑚𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 ≤ 𝑑𝑑𝑒𝑓𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛

1 𝐴𝑠 = 𝜌 ∗ 𝑏 ∗ 𝑑
𝑑𝑑𝑒𝑓𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 = ℎ − 𝑐𝑜𝑣𝑒𝑟 − ∅
2
𝐴𝑠𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 0.0018 ∗ 𝑏 ∗ 𝑑

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 • Beam 200x600 M= 180 kN.m
• Beam 200x600 M=260 kN.m

32. What is the concrete cover for the following: -

• Hollow Block Slab (Min)
• Concrete in contact with ground surface
ACI 316M-19, cover shall be 75mm if casted against and permanently in contact with ground
BS-8110, nominal cover shall not be less than 75mm when casted directly against soil surface
• Post Tension Slab
ACI 316M-19, cover shall be 20mm for slab which is not exposed to weather or ground
• Column
ACI 316M-19, cover shall be 40mm for columns and beams which is not exposed to weather or ground

33. What is the Directional factor kd for: -

According ASCE 7-16 table 26.6-2, wind directional factor depends on type of structure

• Buildings 0.85.

34. According to BS, when to consider a vertical load bearing structure as wall
• When its length exceeds four times its thickness
• According to ACI vertical load bearing member is considered as Wall when the ratio of its
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 length to thickness exceeds 3
35. Maximum allowable crack width in mm for water retaining structures
• According to DM Circular 37-year 2021 is 0.2 mm
• According to ACI 224R table 4.1 is 0.1 mm
• According to BS EN 1992-3 Section 7.3 is 0.2 mm

So, use the minimum – maximum allowable crack width for water retaining structures is 0.1mm

36. Modulus of Rupture:

• According to ACI 318M-19, page 356, fr= 0.62λ (f’c^0.5)

Wc<1600 Λ=0.75
1600<wc<2160 Λ=0.0075*wc Less than or equal 1
Wc<2160 Λ=1

37. For Continues slab, rectangular section what is the basic span to clear depth ratio
according BS-8110

38. How long shall concrete be cured

• According to ACI 318
Concrete, other than high-early-strength, shall be maintained in a moist condition for at least the
first 7 days after placement, except if accelerated curing is used.

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39. Wind multiplication factor according ASCE
1. 1.4D
2. 1.2D + 1.6L + 0.5(Lr or S or R)
3. 1.2D + 1.6(Lr or S or R) + (L or 0.5W)
4. 1.2D + 1.0W + L + 0.5(Lr or S or R)
5. 1.2D + 1.0E + L + 0.2S
6. 0.9D + 1.0W
7. 0.9D + 1.0E
Answer is: 1

40. Seismic load multiplication factor according to ASCE

Answer is: 1

41. for a structure having fundamental period of 0.7 or greater, the maximum story drift
should not exceed?

=0.02 (UBC, V2)

ASCE 7-16

42. What is the ratio Stress / Strain Present?

43. According to BS what is the cover for Hollow Block Slab?

44. What is yield Strength for Steel Grade 37?

45. What is Compressive Strength for Fcu 35 MPa after 28 days?

46. Bolts Grades? 4.6,6.6,8.8,10.6?

46 ‫ و حتي‬42 ‫ و قمت بإضافة األسئلة من‬2024 ‫هذا الملخص عبارة عن تجميع لكل الملخصات التي صدرت قبل شهر أكتوبر‬

‫ و بعض المواضيع األخري‬deflection ‫يحتاج الشيت إلي بعض اإلضافات في جداول ال‬

‫تم بحمد للا‬

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