Steps : 1.

LVM partition create

2. PV create

3. VG create

4. LV create

Note : ext2, ext3, ext4 file system can be extend and reduce , but xfs file system can only extend .

----------------LVM partition create----------------------------

[root@localhost ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/nvme0n1: 30 GiB, 32212254720 bytes, 62914560 sectors

Disk model: VMware Virtual NVMe Disk

Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disklabel type: dos

Disk identifier: 0x1ced91b6

Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type

/dev/nvme0n1p1 * 2048 10487807 10485760 5G 83 Linux

/dev/nvme0n1p2 10487808 31459327 20971520 10G 83 Linux

/dev/nvme0n1p3 31459328 41945087 10485760 5G 83 Linux

/dev/nvme0n1p4 41945088 62914559 20969472 10G 5 Extended

/dev/nvme0n1p5 41947136 50335743 8388608 4G 82 Linux swap / Solaris

Disk /dev/sda: 5 GiB, 5368709120 bytes, 10485760 sectors

Disk model: VMware Virtual I

Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk /dev/sdb: 6 GiB, 6442450944 bytes, 12582912 sectors

Disk model: VMware Virtual I

Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

[root@localhost ~]#

[root@localhost ~]# parted /dev/nvme0n1 print free

Model: VMware Virtual NVMe Disk (nvme)

Disk /dev/nvme0n1: 32.2GB

Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B

Partition Table: msdos

Disk Flags:

Number Start End Size Type File system Flags

1024B 1049kB 1048kB Free Space

1 1049kB 5370MB 5369MB primary xfs boot

2 5370MB 16.1GB 10.7GB primary xfs

3 16.1GB 21.5GB 5369MB primary xfs

4 21.5GB 32.2GB 10.7GB extended

21.5GB 21.5GB 973kB Free Space

5 21.5GB 25.8GB 4295MB logical linux-swap(v1)

25.8GB 32.2GB 6440MB Free Space

[root@localhost ~]#

[root@localhost ~]# parted /dev/sda print free

Error: /dev/sda: unrecognised disk label

Model: ATA VMware Virtual I (scsi)

Disk /dev/sda: 5369MB

Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B

Partition Table: unknown

Disk Flags:

[root@localhost ~]#

[root@localhost ~]# parted /dev/sdb print free

Error: /dev/sdb: unrecognised disk label

Model: ATA VMware Virtual I (scsi)

Disk /dev/sdb: 6442MB

Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B

Partition Table: unknown

Disk Flags:

[root@localhost ~]#

[root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/sda (Make 3 LVM partition)

Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.37.4).

Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.

Device does not contain a recognized partition table.

Created a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0xe9de9888.

Command (m for help): g

Created a new GPT disklabel (GUID: ABC79EBF-94B3-114E-82B1-22E19C51730F).

Command (m for help): n

Partition number (1-128, default 1): 1

First sector (2048-10485726, default 2048):

Last sector, +/-sectors or +/-size{K,M,G,T,P} (2048-10485726, default 10485726): +1G

Created a new partition 1 of type 'Linux filesystem' and of size 1 GiB.

Command (m for help): n

Partition number (2-128, default 2): 2

First sector (2099200-10485726, default 2099200): +1G

Value out of range.

First sector (2099200-10485726, default 2099200):

Last sector, +/-sectors or +/-size{K,M,G,T,P} (2099200-10485726, default 10485726): +1G

Created a new partition 2 of type 'Linux filesystem' and of size 1 GiB.

Command (m for help): n

Partition number (3-128, default 3): 3

First sector (4196352-10485726, default 4196352):

Last sector, +/-sectors or +/-size{K,M,G,T,P} (4196352-10485726, default 10485726): +1G

Created a new partition 3 of type 'Linux filesystem' and of size 1 GiB.

Command (m for help):m

Command (m for help): m

Help:

GPT

M enter protective/hybrid MBR

Generic

d delete a partition

F list free unpartitioned space

l list known partition types

n add a new partition

p print the partition table

t change a partition type

v verify the partition table

i print information about a partition

Misc

m print this menu

x extra functionality (experts only)

Script

I load disk layout from sfdisk script file

O dump disk layout to sfdisk script file

Command (m for help): l

1 EFI System C12A7328-F81F-11D2-BA4B-00A0C93EC93B

2 MBR partition scheme 024DEE41-33E7-11D3-9D69-0008C781F39F

3 Intel Fast Flash D3BFE2DE-3DAF-11DF-BA40-E3A556D89593

4 BIOS boot 21686148-6449-6E6F-744E-656564454649

5 Sony boot partition F4019732-066E-4E12-8273-346C5641494F

6 Lenovo boot partition BFBFAFE7-A34F-448A-9A5B-6213EB736C22

7 PowerPC PReP boot 9E1A2D38-C612-4316-AA26-8B49521E5A8B

8 ONIE boot 7412F7D5-A156-4B13-81DC-867174929325

9 ONIE config D4E6E2CD-4469-46F3-B5CB-1BFF57AFC149

10 Microsoft reserved E3C9E316-0B5C-4DB8-817D-F92DF00215AE

11 Microsoft basic data EBD0A0A2-B9E5-4433-87C0-68B6B72699C7

12 Microsoft LDM metadata 5808C8AA-7E8F-42E0-85D2-E1E90434CFB3

13 Microsoft LDM data AF9B60A0-1431-4F62-BC68-3311714A69AD

14 Windows recovery environment DE94BBA4-06D1-4D40-A16A-BFD50179D6AC

15 IBM General Parallel Fs 37AFFC90-EF7D-4E96-91C3-2D7AE055B174

16 Microsoft Storage Spaces E75CAF8F-F680-4CEE-AFA3-B001E56EFC2D

17 HP-UX data 75894C1E-3AEB-11D3-B7C1-7B03A0000000

18 HP-UX service E2A1E728-32E3-11D6-A682-7B03A0000000

19 Linux swap 0657FD6D-A4AB-43C4-84E5-0933C84B4F4F

20 Linux filesystem 0FC63DAF-8483-4772-8E79-3D69D8477DE4

21 Linux server data 3B8F8425-20E0-4F3B-907F-1A25A76F98E8

22 Linux root (x86) 44479540-F297-41B2-9AF7-D131D5F0458A

23 Linux root (x86-64) 4F68BCE3-E8CD-4DB1-96E7-FBCAF984B709

24 Linux root (ARM) 69DAD710-2CE4-4E3C-B16C-21A1D49ABED3

25 Linux root (ARM-64) B921B045-1DF0-41C3-AF44-4C6F280D3FAE

26 Linux root (IA-64) 993D8D3D-F80E-4225-855A-9DAF8ED7EA97

27 Linux reserved 8DA63339-0007-60C0-C436-083AC8230908

28 Linux home 933AC7E1-2EB4-4F13-B844-0E14E2AEF915

29 Linux RAID A19D880F-05FC-4D3B-A006-743F0F84911E

30 Linux LVM E6D6D379-F507-44C2-A23C-238F2A3DF928

31 Linux variable data 4D21B016-B534-45C2-A9FB-5C16E091FD2D

Command (m for help): t

Command (m for help): t

Partition number (1-3, default 3): 1

Partition type or alias (type L to list all): 30

Changed type of partition 'Linux filesystem' to 'Linux LVM'.

Command (m for help): t

Partition number (1-3, default 3): 2

Partition type or alias (type L to list all): 30

Changed type of partition 'Linux filesystem' to 'Linux LVM'.

Command (m for help): t

Partition number (1-3, default 3): 3

Partition type or alias (type L to list all): 30

Changed type of partition 'Linux filesystem' to 'Linux LVM'.

Command (m for help): w

The partition table has been altered.

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

Syncing disks.
[root@localhost ~]#

[root@localhost ~]# partx -a /dev/sda

partx: /dev/sda: error adding partitions 1-3

[root@localhost ~]# partx -a /dev/sda

partx: /dev/sda: error adding partitions 1-3

[root@localhost ~]#

[root@localhost ~]# fdisk -l /dev/sda

Disk /dev/sda: 5 GiB, 5368709120 bytes, 10485760 sectors

Disk model: VMware Virtual I

Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disklabel type: gpt

Disk identifier: ABC79EBF-94B3-114E-82B1-22E19C51730F

Device Start End Sectors Size Type

/dev/sda1 2048 2099199 2097152 1G Linux LVM

/dev/sda2 2099200 4196351 2097152 1G Linux LVM

/dev/sda3 4196352 6293503 2097152 1G Linux LVM

[root@localhost ~]#

--------------------------PV Create----------------------------------------------
[root@localhost ~]# pvcreate /dev/sda1 /dev/sda2 /dev/sda3

Physical volume "/dev/sda1" successfully created.

Physical volume "/dev/sda2" successfully created.

Physical volume "/dev/sda3" successfully created.

Creating devices file /etc/lvm/devices/system.devices

[root@localhost ~]#

[root@localhost ~]# pvdisplay

"/dev/sda1" is a new physical volume of "1.00 GiB"

--- NEW Physical volume ---

PV Name /dev/sda1

VG Name

PV Size 1.00 GiB

Allocatable NO

PE Size 0

Total PE 0

Free PE 0

Allocated PE 0

PV UUID fFMV0w-zfB9-4DS9-vyT2-PQ3A-WgIM-eWQ0pL

"/dev/sda2" is a new physical volume of "1.00 GiB"

--- NEW Physical volume ---

PV Name /dev/sda2

VG Name

PV Size 1.00 GiB

Allocatable NO

PE Size 0

Total PE 0

Free PE 0
 Allocated PE 0

PV UUID Dy0npJ-FqdS-q8yS-MElB-ki4b-GovR-5jnsUR

"/dev/sda3" is a new physical volume of "1.00 GiB"

--- NEW Physical volume ---

PV Name /dev/sda3

VG Name

PV Size 1.00 GiB

Allocatable NO

PE Size 0

Total PE 0

Free PE 0

Allocated PE 0

PV UUID 5t145h-NjAB-15Vs-3kta-OO6r-idnX-0PAWBp

[root@localhost ~]#

[root@localhost ~]# pvs

PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree

/dev/sda1 lvm2 --- 1.00g 1.00g

/dev/sda2 lvm2 --- 1.00g 1.00g

/dev/sda3 lvm2 --- 1.00g 1.00g

[root@localhost ~]#

-----------------------------VG create-------------------------------------------------

[root@localhost ~]# vgcreate myvg /dev/sda1 /dev/sda2

Volume group "myvg" successfully c

[root@localhost ~]# vgdisplay

--- Volume group ---

VG Name myvg

System ID

Format lvm2

Metadata Areas 2

Metadata Sequence No 1

VG Access read/write

VG Status resizable

MAX LV 0

Cur LV 0

Open LV 0

Max PV 0

Cur PV 2

Act PV 2

VG Size 1.99 GiB

PE Size 4.00 MiB

Total PE 510

Alloc PE / Size 0/0

Free PE / Size 510 / 1.99 GiB

VG UUID oHFOGl-tnHT-AopL-soK8-r38e-w0fr-axanCS

[root@localhost ~]# vgs

VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree

myvg 2 0 0 wz--n- 1.99g 1.99g

[root@localhost ~]#
--------------------------------LV create---------------------------------------------

[root@localhost ~]# lvcreate -L 800M -n mylv myvg

Logical volume "mylv" created.

[root@localhost ~]#

[root@localhost ~]# lvcreate -L 800M -n mylv myvg

Logical volume "mylv" created.

[root@localhost ~]#

[root@localhost ~]# lvdisplay

--- Logical volume ---

LV Path /dev/myvg/mylv

LV Name mylv

VG Name myvg

LV UUID VkeV18-Z2TY-Ko21-Z6DR-MQvY-AkCe-lNuvVf

LV Write Access read/write

LV Creation host, time localhost.localdomain, 2024-01-24 09:44:21 +0600

LV Status available

# open 0

LV Size 800.00 MiB

Current LE 200

Segments 1

Allocation inherit

Read ahead sectors auto

- currently set to 256

Block device 253:0

[root@localhost ~]#
[root@localhost ~]# lvs

LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Meta% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert

mylv myvg -wi-a----- 800.00m

[root@localhost ~]#

[root@localhost ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/myvg/mylv

mke2fs 1.46.5 (30-Dec-2021)

Creating filesystem with 204800 4k blocks and 51296 inodes

Filesystem UUID: 0d3edd3f-8f34-40e6-a63d-456696d682ec

Superblock backups stored on blocks:

32768, 98304, 163840

Allocating group tables: done

Writing inode tables: done

Creating journal (4096 blocks): done

Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

[root@localhost ~]#

[root@localhost ~]# blkid /dev/myvg/mylv

/dev/myvg/mylv: UUID="0d3edd3f-8f34-40e6-a63d-456696d682ec" BLOCK_SIZE="4096" TYPE="ext4"

[root@localhost ~]#

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/fstab

UUID="0d3edd3f-8f34-40e6-a63d-456696d682ec" /lv1 ext4 defaults 00

[root@localhost ~]# mount -av

/ : ignored

/boot : already mounted

/home : already mounted

none : ignored

mount: /lv1 does not contain SELinux labels.

You just mounted a file system that supports labels which does not

contain labels, onto an SELinux box. It is likely that confined

applications will generate AVC messages and not be allowed access to

this file system. For more details see restorecon(8) and mount(8).

/lv1 : successfully mounted

[root@localhost ~]#

[root@localhost ~]# df -hT

Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

devtmpfs devtmpfs 846M 0 846M 0% /dev

tmpfs tmpfs 875M 0 875M 0% /dev/shm

tmpfs tmpfs 350M 9.8M 341M 3% /run

/dev/nvme0n1p3 xfs 5.0G 3.9G 1.2G 77% /

/dev/nvme0n1p2 xfs 10G 104M 9.9G 2% /home

/dev/nvme0n1p1 xfs 5.0G 285M 4.8G 6% /boot

tmpfs tmpfs 175M 92K 175M 1% /run/user/0

/dev/sr0 iso9660 8.0G 8.0G 0 100% /run/media/root/RHEL-9-0-0-BaseOS-x86_64

/dev/mapper/myvg-mylv ext4 770M 24K 714M 1% /lv1

[root@localhost ~]#

[root@localhost ~]# lsblk

NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS

sda 8:0 0 5G 0 disk

├─sda1 8:1 0 1G 0 part

│ └─myvg-mylv 253:0 0 800M 0 lvm /lv1

├─sda2 8:2 0 1G 0 part

└─sda3 8:3 0 1G 0 part

sdb 8:16 0 6G 0 disk

sr0 11:0 1 7.9G 0 rom /run/media/root/RHEL-9-0-0-BaseOS-x86_64

nvme0n1 259:0 0 30G 0 disk

├─nvme0n1p1 259:1 0 5G 0 part /boot

├─nvme0n1p2 259:2 0 10G 0 part /home

├─nvme0n1p3 259:3 0 5G 0 part /

├─nvme0n1p4 259:4 0 1K 0 part

└─nvme0n1p5 259:5 0 4G 0 part [SWAP]

[root@localhost ~]# lvcreate -L 1100M -n mylv2 myvg

Logical volume "mylv2" created.

[root@localhost ~]# lvdisplay

--- Logical volume ---

LV Path /dev/myvg/mylv

LV Name mylv

VG Name myvg

LV UUID VkeV18-Z2TY-Ko21-Z6DR-MQvY-AkCe-lNuvVf

LV Write Access read/write

LV Creation host, time localhost.localdomain, 2024-01-24 09:44:21 +0600

LV Status available

# open 1

LV Size 800.00 MiB

Current LE 200

Segments 1

Allocation inherit
 Read ahead sectors auto

- currently set to 256

Block device 253:0

--- Logical volume ---

LV Path /dev/myvg/mylv2

LV Name mylv2

VG Name myvg

LV UUID vX62Ay-kfvb-LhCs-d3jL-Ikb1-c7ff-97zeL8

LV Write Access read/write

LV Creation host, time localhost.localdomain, 2024-01-24 09:59:44 +0600

LV Status available

# open 0

LV Size 1.07 GiB

Current LE 275

Segments 2

Allocation inherit

Read ahead sectors auto

- currently set to 256

Block device 253:1

[root@localhost ~]# blkid /dev/myvg/mylv2

/dev/myvg/mylv2: UUID="b63f9dd1-a5fc-48d6-8924-2cd699f5dfdc" SEC_TYPE="ext2"

BLOCK_SIZE="4096" TYPE="ext3"

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/fstab

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/fstab

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /lv2

[root@localhost ~]# mount -av

/ : ignored
/boot : already mounted

/home : already mounted

none : ignored

/lv1 : already mounted

mount: /lv2 does not contain SELinux labels.

You just mounted a file system that supports labels which does not

contain labels, onto an SELinux box. It is likely that confined

applications will generate AVC messages and not be allowed access to

this file system. For more details see restorecon(8) and mount(8).

/lv2 : successfully mounted

[root@localhost ~]# df -hT

Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

devtmpfs devtmpfs 846M 0 846M 0% /dev

tmpfs tmpfs 875M 0 875M 0% /dev/shm

tmpfs tmpfs 350M 9.8M 341M 3% /run

/dev/nvme0n1p3 xfs 5.0G 3.9G 1.2G 77% /

/dev/nvme0n1p2 xfs 10G 104M 9.9G 2% /home

/dev/nvme0n1p1 xfs 5.0G 285M 4.8G 6% /boot

tmpfs tmpfs 175M 92K 175M 1% /run/user/0

/dev/sr0 iso9660 8.0G 8.0G 0 100% /run/media/root/RHEL-9-0-0-BaseOS-x86_64

/dev/mapper/myvg-mylv ext4 770M 24K 714M 1% /lv1

/dev/mapper/myvg-mylv2 ext3 1.1G 60K 995M 1% /lv2

[root@localhost ~]# lsblk

NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS

sda 8:0 0 5G 0 disk

├─sda1 8:1 0 1G 0 part

│ ├─myvg-mylv 253:0 0 800M 0 lvm /lv1

│ └─myvg-mylv2 253:1 0 1.1G 0 lvm /lv2

├─sda2 8:2 0 1G 0 part

│ └─myvg-mylv2 253:1 0 1.1G 0 lvm /lv2

└─sda3 8:3 0 1G 0 part

sdb 8:16 0 6G 0 disk

sr0 11:0 1 7.9G 0 rom /run/media/root/RHEL-9-0-0-BaseOS-x86_64

nvme0n1 259:0 0 30G 0 disk

├─nvme0n1p1 259:1 0 5G 0 part /boot

├─nvme0n1p2 259:2 0 10G 0 part /home

├─nvme0n1p3 259:3 0 5G 0 part /

├─nvme0n1p4 259:4 0 1K 0 part

└─nvme0n1p5 259:5 0 4G 0 part [SWAP]

[root@localhost ~]#

------------------------------------------LV resize----------------------------------------------

[root@localhost ~]# lvresize -L 900M -r /dev/myvg/mylv

Size of logical volume myvg/mylv changed from 800.00 MiB (200 extents) to 900.00 MiB (225 extents).

Logical volume myvg/mylv successfully resized.

resize2fs 1.46.5 (30-Dec-2021)

Filesystem at /dev/mapper/myvg-mylv is mounted on /lv1; on-line resizing required

old_desc_blocks = 1, new_desc_blocks = 1

The filesystem on /dev/mapper/myvg-mylv is now 230400 (4k) blocks long.

[root@localhost ~]# lvs

LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Meta% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert

mylv myvg -wi-ao---- 900.00m

mylv2 myvg -wi-ao---- 1.07g

[root@localhost ~]#
[root@localhost ~]# lvresize -L 500M -r /dev/myvg/mylv2

Do you want to unmount "/lv2" ? [Y|n] y

fsck from util-linux 2.37.4

/dev/mapper/myvg-mylv2: 11/70416 files (0.0% non-contiguous), 12976/281600 blocks

resize2fs 1.46.5 (30-Dec-2021)

Resizing the filesystem on /dev/mapper/myvg-mylv2 to 128000 (4k) blocks.

The filesystem on /dev/mapper/myvg-mylv2 is now 128000 (4k) blocks long.

Size of logical volume myvg/mylv2 changed from 1.07 GiB (275 extents) to 500.00 MiB (125 extents).

Logical volume myvg/mylv2 successfully resized.

[root@localhost ~]#

[root@localhost ~]# lvs

LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Meta% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert

mylv myvg -wi-ao---- 900.00m

mylv2 myvg -wi-ao---- 500.00m

[root@localhost ~]#

[root@localhost ~]# df -hT

Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

devtmpfs devtmpfs 846M 0 846M 0% /dev

tmpfs tmpfs 875M 0 875M 0% /dev/shm

tmpfs tmpfs 350M 9.8M 341M 3% /run

/dev/nvme0n1p3 xfs 5.0G 3.9G 1.2G 77% /

/dev/nvme0n1p2 xfs 10G 104M 9.9G 2% /home

/dev/nvme0n1p1 xfs 5.0G 285M 4.8G 6% /boot

tmpfs tmpfs 175M 92K 175M 1% /run/user/0

/dev/sr0 iso9660 8.0G 8.0G 0 100% /run/media/root/RHEL-9-0-0-BaseOS-x86_64

/dev/mapper/myvg-mylv ext4 870M 2.0M 812M 1% /lv1

/dev/mapper/myvg-mylv2 ext3 461M 876K 435M 1% /lv2

[root@localhost ~]#

[root@localhost ~]# lsblk

NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS

sda 8:0 0 5G 0 disk

├─sda1 8:1 0 1G 0 part

│ └─myvg-mylv 253:0 0 900M 0 lvm /lv1

├─sda2 8:2 0 1G 0 part

│ └─myvg-mylv2 253:1 0 500M 0 lvm /lv2

└─sda3 8:3 0 1G 0 part

sdb 8:16 0 6G 0 disk

sr0 11:0 1 7.9G 0 rom /run/media/root/RHEL-9-0-0-BaseOS-x86_64

nvme0n1 259:0 0 30G 0 disk

├─nvme0n1p1 259:1 0 5G 0 part /boot

├─nvme0n1p2 259:2 0 10G 0 part /home

├─nvme0n1p3 259:3 0 5G 0 part /

├─nvme0n1p4 259:4 0 1K 0 part

└─nvme0n1p5 259:5 0 4G 0 part [SWAP]

[root@localhost ~]#

[root@localhost ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/nvme0n1: 30 GiB, 32212254720 bytes, 62914560 sectors

Disk model: VMware Virtual NVMe Disk

Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disklabel type: dos

Disk identifier: 0x1ced91b6

Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type

/dev/nvme0n1p1 * 2048 10487807 10485760 5G 83 Linux

/dev/nvme0n1p2 10487808 31459327 20971520 10G 83 Linux

/dev/nvme0n1p3 31459328 41945087 10485760 5G 83 Linux

/dev/nvme0n1p4 41945088 62914559 20969472 10G 5 Extended

/dev/nvme0n1p5 41947136 50335743 8388608 4G 82 Linux swap / Solaris

Disk /dev/sda: 5 GiB, 5368709120 bytes, 10485760 sectors

Disk model: VMware Virtual I

Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disklabel type: gpt

Disk identifier: ABC79EBF-94B3-114E-82B1-22E19C51730F

Device Start End Sectors Size Type

/dev/sda1 2048 2099199 2097152 1G Linux LVM

/dev/sda2 2099200 4196351 2097152 1G Linux LVM

/dev/sda3 4196352 6293503 2097152 1G Linux LVM

Disk /dev/sdb: 6 GiB, 6442450944 bytes, 12582912 sectors

Disk model: VMware Virtual I

Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk /dev/mapper/myvg-mylv: 900 MiB, 943718400 bytes, 1843200 sectors

Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk /dev/mapper/myvg-mylv2: 500 MiB, 524288000 bytes, 1024000 sectors

Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

[root@localhost ~]#

----------------------------xfs file system LV-----------------------------------

[root@localhost ~]# lvcreate -L 500M -n mylv3 myvg

Logical volume "mylv3" created.

[root@localhost ~]# lvs

LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Meta% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert

mylv myvg -wi-ao---- 900.00m

mylv2 myvg -wi-ao---- 500.00m

mylv3 myvg -wi-a----- 500.00m

[root@localhost ~]# partx -a /dev/sd

/dev/sda /dev/sda1 /dev/sda2 /dev/sda3 /dev/sdb

[root@localhost ~]# partx -a /dev/sda

partx: /dev/sda: error adding partitions 1-3

[root@localhost ~]# mkfs.xfs /dev/myvg/mylv3

meta-data=/dev/myvg/mylv3 isize=512 agcount=4, agsize=32000 blks

= sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1

= crc=1 finobt=1, sparse=1, rmapbt=0

= reflink=1 bigtime=1 inobtcount=1

data = bsize=4096 blocks=128000, imaxpct=25

= sunit=0 swidth=0 blks

naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0, ftype=1

log =internal log bsize=4096 blocks=1368, version=2

= sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1

realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0

[root@localhost ~]# blkid /dev/myvg/mylv3

/dev/myvg/mylv3: UUID="f3f90262-a9b2-4585-8e74-f4fe15f9e4d3" BLOCK_SIZE="512" TYPE="xfs"

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/fstab

[root@localhost ~]# [root@localhost ~]# mkdir /lv3

[root@localhost ~]# mount -av

/ : ignored

/boot : already mounted

/home : already mounted

none : ignored

/lv1 : already mounted

/lv2 : already mounted

mount: /lv3 does not contain SELinux labels.

You just mounted a file system that supports labels which does not

contain labels, onto an SELinux box. It is likely that confined

applications will generate AVC messages and not be allowed access to

this file system. For more details see restorecon(8) and mount(8).

/lv3 : successfully mounted

[root@localhost ~]# df -hT

Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

devtmpfs devtmpfs 846M 0 846M 0% /dev

tmpfs tmpfs 875M 0 875M 0% /dev/shm

tmpfs tmpfs 350M 9.8M 341M 3% /run

/dev/nvme0n1p3 xfs 5.0G 3.9G 1.2G 77% /

/dev/nvme0n1p2 xfs 10G 104M 9.9G 2% /home

/dev/nvme0n1p1 xfs 5.0G 285M 4.8G 6% /boot

tmpfs tmpfs 175M 92K 175M 1% /run/user/0

/dev/sr0 iso9660 8.0G 8.0G 0 100% /run/media/root/RHEL-9-0-0-BaseOS-x86_64

/dev/mapper/myvg-mylv ext4 870M 2.0M 812M 1% /lv1

/dev/mapper/myvg-mylv2 ext3 461M 876K 435M 1% /lv2

/dev/mapper/myvg-mylv3 xfs 495M 29M 466M 6% /lv3

[root@localhost ~]# lvresize -L 600M -r /dev/myvg/mylv3

Size of logical volume myvg/mylv3 changed from 500.00 MiB (125 extents) to 600.00 MiB (150 extents).

Logical volume myvg/mylv3 successfully resized.

meta-data=/dev/mapper/myvg-mylv3 isize=512 agcount=4, agsize=32000 blks

 = sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1

= crc=1 finobt=1, sparse=1, rmapbt=0

= reflink=1 bigtime=1 inobtcount=1

data = bsize=4096 blocks=128000, imaxpct=25

= sunit=0 swidth=0 blks

naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0, ftype=1

log =internal log bsize=4096 blocks=1368, version=2

= sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1

realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0

data blocks changed from 128000 to 153600

[root@localhost ~]# lvs

LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Meta% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert

mylv myvg -wi-ao---- 900.00m

mylv2 myvg -wi-ao---- 500.00m

mylv3 myvg -wi-ao---- 600.00m

[root@localhost ~]# lvresize -L 400M -r /dev/myvg/mylv3

fsadm: Xfs filesystem shrinking is unsupported.

/usr/sbin/fsadm failed: 1

Filesystem resize failed.

[root@localhost ~]#

[root@localhost ~]# lvs

LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Meta% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert

mylv myvg -wi-ao---- 900.00m

mylv2 myvg -wi-ao---- 500.00m

mylv3 myvg -wi-ao---- 600.00m

[root@localhost ~]#

---------------------------------VG extend-----------------------------------------------

[root@localhost ~]# vgextend myvg /dev/sda3

Volume group "myvg" successfully extended

[root@localhost ~]# vgs

VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree

myvg 3 3 0 wz--n- <2.99g <1.04g

[root@localhost ~]#

---------------------------------VG create with 16M PE size-----------------------------------

[root@localhost ~]# fdisk -l /dev/sda

Disk /dev/sda: 5 GiB, 5368709120 bytes, 10485760 sectors

Disk model: VMware Virtual I

Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disklabel type: gpt

Disk identifier: ABC79EBF-94B3-114E-82B1-22E19C51730F

Device Start End Sectors Size Type

/dev/sda1 2048 2099199 2097152 1G Linux LVM

/dev/sda2 2099200 4196351 2097152 1G Linux LVM

/dev/sda3 4196352 6293503 2097152 1G Linux LVM

[root@localhost ~]# parted /dev/sda print free

Model: ATA VMware Virtual I (scsi)

Disk /dev/sda: 5369MB

Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B

Partition Table: gpt

Disk Flags:

Number Start End Size File system Name Flags

17.4kB 1049kB 1031kB Free Space

1 1049kB 1075MB 1074MB lvm

2 1075MB 2149MB 1074MB lvm

3 2149MB 3222MB 1074MB lvm

3222MB 5369MB 2146MB Free Space

[root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/sda

Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.37.4).

Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.

Be careful before using the write command.

This disk is currently in use - repartitioning is probably a bad idea.

It's recommended to umount all file systems, and swapoff all swap

partitions on this disk.

Command (m for help): n

Partition number (4-128, default 4): 4

First sector (6293504-10485726, default 6293504):

Last sector, +/-sectors or +/-size{K,M,G,T,P} (6293504-10485726, default 10485726): +1G

Created a new partition 4 of type 'Linux filesystem' and of size 1 GiB.

Command (m for help): n

Partition number (5-128, default 5): 5

First sector (8390656-10485726, default 8390656):

Last sector, +/-sectors or +/-size{K,M,G,T,P} (8390656-10485726, default 10485726): +1G

Value out of range.

Last sector, +/-sectors or +/-size{K,M,G,T,P} (8390656-10485726, default 10485726): +900M

Created a new partition 5 of type 'Linux filesystem' and of size 900 MiB.

Command (m for help): t

Partition number (1-5, default 5): 4

Partition type or alias (type L to list all): 30

Changed type of partition 'Linux filesystem' to 'Linux LVM'.

Command (m for help): t

Partition number (1-5, default 5): 5

Partition type or alias (type L to list all): 30

Changed type of partition 'Linux filesystem' to 'Linux LVM'.

Command (m for help): w

The partition table has been altered.

Syncing disks.
[root@localhost ~]# fdisk -l /dev/sda

Disk /dev/sda: 5 GiB, 5368709120 bytes, 10485760 sectors

Disk model: VMware Virtual I

Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disklabel type: gpt

Disk identifier: ABC79EBF-94B3-114E-82B1-22E19C51730F

Device Start End Sectors Size Type

/dev/sda1 2048 2099199 2097152 1G Linux LVM

/dev/sda2 2099200 4196351 2097152 1G Linux LVM

/dev/sda3 4196352 6293503 2097152 1G Linux LVM

/dev/sda4 6293504 8390655 2097152 1G Linux LVM

/dev/sda5 8390656 10233855 1843200 900M Linux LVM

[root@localhost ~]#

[root@localhost ~]# pvcreate /dev/sda4 /dev/sda5

Physical volume "/dev/sda4" successfully created.

Physical volume "/dev/sda5" successfully created.

[root@localhost ~]#

[root@localhost ~]# pvs

PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree

/dev/sda1 myvg lvm2 a-- 1020.00m 40.00m

 /dev/sda2 myvg lvm2 a-- 1020.00m 0

/dev/sda3 myvg lvm2 a-- 1020.00m 1020.00m

/dev/sda4 lvm2 --- 1.00g 1.00g

/dev/sda5 lvm2 --- 900.00m 900.00m

[root@localhost ~]#

[root@localhost ~]# vgcreate -s 16M myvg2 /dev/sda{4,5}

Volume group "myvg2" successfully created

[root@localhost ~]#

[root@localhost ~]# vgs

VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree

myvg 3 3 0 wz--n- <2.99g <1.04g

myvg2 2 0 0 wz--n- <1.86g <1.86g

[root@localhost ~]#
[root@localhost ~]# vgdisplay

--- Volume group ---

VG Name myvg2

System ID

Format lvm2

Metadata Areas 2

Metadata Sequence No 1

VG Access read/write

VG Status resizable

MAX LV 0

Cur LV 0

Open LV 0

Max PV 0

Cur PV 2

Act PV 2

VG Size <1.86 GiB

PE Size 16.00 MiB

Total PE 119

Alloc PE / Size 0/0

Free PE / Size 119 / <1.86 GiB

VG UUID bsOQZg-1I0D-hX8L-04Nq-vIie-WnDV-ixqX3f

--- Volume group ---

VG Name myvg

System ID

Format lvm2

Metadata Areas 3

Metadata Sequence No 10
 VG Access read/write

VG Status resizable

MAX LV 0

Cur LV 3

Open LV 3

Max PV 0

Cur PV 3

Act PV 3

VG Size <2.99 GiB

PE Size 4.00 MiB

Total PE 765

Alloc PE / Size 500 / 1.95 GiB

Free PE / Size 265 / <1.04 GiB

VG UUID oHFOGl-tnHT-AopL-soK8-r38e-w0fr-axanCS

[root@localhost ~]#

--------------------------------LV create with 100 PE----------------------------------------------

[root@nodeb ~]# lvcreate -n ourlv -l 20 myvg2

Logical volume "ourlv" created.

[root@nodeb ~]# lvs

LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Meta% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert

ourlv myvg2 -wi-a----- 320.00m

mydatabase myvolume -wi-ao---- 504.00m

or
lvcreate -n ourlv -L 500M myvg2

----------------------------------------SWAP create from VG-----------------------------------------

[root@localhost ~]# free -m

total used free shared buff/cache available

Mem: 1748 995 179 20 573 579

Swap: 4095 0 4095

[root@localhost ~]#

[root@localhost ~]# swapon -s

Filename Type Size Used Priority

/dev/nvme0n1p5 partition 4194300 0 -2

[root@localhost ~]#

[root@localhost ~]# lvcreate -L 700M -n newswap myvg2

Rounding up size to full physical extent 704.00 MiB

Logical volume "newswap" created.

[root@localhost ~]# lvs

LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Meta% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert

mylv myvg -wi-ao---- 900.00m

mylv2 myvg -wi-ao---- 500.00m

mylv3 myvg -wi-ao---- 600.00m

newswap myvg2 -wi-a----- 704.00m

[root@localhost ~]# lvdisplay

--- Logical volume ---

LV Path /dev/myvg2/newswap

LV Name newswap

VG Name myvg2

LV UUID lqCDy8-A4gF-PCd1-ylro-hudq-4MVs-YvK07D

LV Write Access read/write

LV Creation host, time localhost.localdomain, 2024-01-24 12:23:00 +0600

LV Status available

# open 0

LV Size 704.00 MiB

Current LE 44

Segments 1

Allocation inherit

Read ahead sectors auto

- currently set to 256

Block device 253:3

--- Logical volume ---

LV Path /dev/myvg/mylv

LV Name mylv

VG Name myvg

LV UUID VkeV18-Z2TY-Ko21-Z6DR-MQvY-AkCe-lNuvVf

LV Write Access read/write

LV Creation host, time localhost.localdomain, 2024-01-24 09:44:21 +0600

LV Status available

# open 1

LV Size 900.00 MiB

Current LE 225

Segments 2

Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto

- currently set to 256

Block device 253:0

--- Logical volume ---

LV Path /dev/myvg/mylv2

LV Name mylv2

VG Name myvg

LV UUID vX62Ay-kfvb-LhCs-d3jL-Ikb1-c7ff-97zeL8

LV Write Access read/write

LV Creation host, time localhost.localdomain, 2024-01-24 09:59:44 +0600

LV Status available

# open 1

LV Size 500.00 MiB

Current LE 125

Segments 1

Allocation inherit

Read ahead sectors auto

- currently set to 256

Block device 253:1

--- Logical volume ---

LV Path /dev/myvg/mylv3

LV Name mylv3

VG Name myvg

LV UUID n7AeyZ-2EUV-xj5b-59dI-Wl7j-HGDx-06u7P5

LV Write Access read/write

LV Creation host, time localhost.localdomain, 2024-01-24 11:31:32 +0600

LV Status available
 # open 1

LV Size 600.00 MiB

Current LE 150

Segments 2

Allocation inherit

Read ahead sectors auto

- currently set to 256

Block device 253:2

[root@localhost ~]# mkswap /dev/myvg2/newswap

Setting up swapspace version 1, size = 704 MiB (738193408 bytes)

no label, UUID=15c437de-5a1f-4ec1-a621-f60087554c2f

[root@localhost ~]# blkid /dev/myvg2/newswap

/dev/myvg2/newswap: UUID="15c437de-5a1f-4ec1-a621-f60087554c2f" TYPE="swap"

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/fstab

[root@localhost ~]# mount -av

/ : ignored

/boot : already mounted

/home : already mounted

none : ignored

/lv1 : already mounted

/lv2 : already mounted

/lv3 : already mounted

swap : ignored
[root@localhost ~]# swapon -a

[root@localhost ~]# swapon -s

Filename Type Size Used Priority

/dev/nvme0n1p5 partition 4194300 0 -2

/dev/dm-3 partition 720892 0 -3

[root@localhost ~]# free -m

total used free shared buff/cache available

Mem: 1748 994 181 20 573 581

Swap: 4799 0 4799

[root@localhost ~]#