Radiology of Musculoskeletal system
OSPE
Radiograph of the hand
Hand plain x-ray
- Imaging modality ?
- Age group of the patient Adult or Child ? Justify your answer ?
- Radiographic anatomy ? ( carpal – metacarpal – Phalanges + Joints)
- Imaging modality ?
- Radiographic anatomy ? (Tarsal –
metatarsal + Joints)
radiograph of foot.
(b)
(a)
(a,b) Normal radionuclide bone scan.
(a) Adult. Note the radionuclide in the bladder. (b) Child. Note the bands of increased uptake in the
epiphyseal plates where bone growth is occurring
- Imaging modality ?
- Age group of the patient Adult or Child ? Justify your answer ?
MRI of the ankle Sagittal
- Imaging modality ?
- Radiographic anatomy ? (Tarsal bones)
MRI
Sagittal, Meniscus Sagittal – Intact ACL & PCL
- Imaging modality /examination ?
- Anatomy ?
Fracture of the head of the Fracture of the lower ulnar Step in cortex and interruption
radius appearing as a lucent metaphysis appearing as a of bony trabeculae in a Colles’
line. sclerotic line (black arrow). fracture
= Imaging modality?
= Sign of the fracture ?
= Site of the fracture ?
Elbow effusion with fracture of the radial head
= Imaging modality?
= Sign of the fracture ?
= Sign of joint effusion ?
= Site of the fracture ?
(a) (b)
Elbow effusion with fracture of the radial head. (a) The anterior and posterior fat
pads (arrows) are displaced away from the humerus, which almost invariably means a
fracture is present. (b) Oblique view in this patient showing the fracture of the radial
head (arrow) which was only demonstrated on the oblique view
Patient (Marathoner - Soldier) presents Stress fracture
with leg pain
No history of significant trauma
Past history is not significant
= Imaging modality?
= Name of the fracture ?
= Describe the abnormality.
Radionuclide bone scan showing increased uptake in the
tibia (arrow) of this athlete with pain in the leg.
Carcinoma of the breast patient
Imaging modality?
Name of the fracture ?
Site of the fracture?
Pathological fracture.
A fracture has occurred through one of many lytic
metastases
Colles’ fracture
Imaging modality?
Name of the fracture ?
Site of the fracture and
angulation?
(a) Anteroposterior view. (b) Lateral view showing posterior
displacement and angulation giving rise to the ‘dinner fork’ deformity.
Smith’s fracture is a fracture of the lower radius. It has anterior displacement
and angulation.
Imaging modality?
Name of the fracture ?
Site of the fracture and
angulation?
(a) Anteroposterior view. (b) Lateral view.
Fracture Clavicle Scaphoid fracture
= Imaging modality?
= Site of the fracture ?
= Imaging modality?
= Name of the fracture ?
Greenstick fracture
X-ray of the lower arm:
Greenstick fracture of the
radius; fracture of the lateral
side of the cortex; opposite
side intact.
History of severe trauma
= Imaging examination ?
= Identify the striking abnormality demonstrated in the given image ?
= What other modality is required for more assessment.
History of significant trauma
= Imaging examination ?
= Diagnosis ?
= Site of the fractures ?
= Describe the abnormality.
Radionuclide bone scans
Fractures in five of the ribs on the right (There is increased activity
in the fractured ribs)
= Imaging modality?
= Classify the fracture according the
Salter-Harris classification ?
Salter-Harris Type 2
Salter-Harris
Type 3
= Imaging modality?
=Classify the fracture according the
Salter-Harris classification ?
= Imaging modality?
= Classify the fracture according the
Salter-Harris classification ?
Salter-Harris Type 1
Salter-Harris
Type 4
= Imaging modality?
= Classify the fracture according the
Salter-Harris classification ?
= Imaging examination ?
= Diagnosis ?
= Site of the fractures ?
(The fracture through the humerus
Non-accidental injury
Child abuse
= Imaging examination ?
= Diagnosis ?
Chest x-ray shows rib fractures
HISTOPATHOLOGY
LAB CASES
STATIONS
WITH
MICROSCOPIC SLIDES AND IMAGES
CASE NO-1
A 16 year old boy presented with pain and large
swelling around the right knee joint (A). Initially X-
ray (B,C) and then biopsy was carried out.
B C
A
Observe the H & E stained biopsy section
under microscope and answer the
following questions.
1. Mention two important microscopic features?
2. Write the diagnosis?
CASE NO-2
A 26 year old man presented with pain and large
swelling around the left knee joint. Initially X-ray
and then biopsy was carried out.
Observe the H & E stained biopsy section
under microscope and answer the
following questions.
1. Mention two important microscopic features?
2. Write the diagnosis?
CASE NO-3
A 22 year old woman presented with multiple
swellings in the fingers.
Observe the H & E stained biopsy under
microscope and write the diagnosis.
STATIONS WITH IMAGES
(NO MICROSCOPIC SLIDES)
CASE NO-4
A 50 year old male patient presented with repeated attacks
of severe pain in the great toe. Physical examination showed
swelling and skin ulceration with underneath white deposits.
Biopsy of the deposits was sent for histopathological
examination.
Clinical image H&E stain (biopsy)
QUESTIONS
1. Write the diagnosis?
2. Write the name of the pathognomic lesion
observed in H and E stained section from the
biopsy ?
3. Write important microscopic features?
CASE NO-5
A 10 year old boy presented with pain and swelling
in the middle of the right leg. Biopsy was carried
out.
Clinical image Biopsy image (H&E stain)
QUESTIONS
Mention two important microscopic features
observed in the biopsy image?
Write the diagnosis?
CASE NO-6
A 45 year old female presented with, low-
grade fever, myalgia, weight loss, fatigue,
swelling and pain in multiple joints of hands
and feet.
Identify the hand deformities observed in the following
image?
Identify the following clinical abnormality
observed in this condition?
CASE NO-7
A 15 year old boy presented with progressive
weakness of the leg muscles and inability to walk.
Write the diagnosis.
Muscle biopsy
Image A Image B
CASE NO-8
A 2 year old boy presented with a large mass in the
left orbit. Examination revealed large grayish white
tumor totally destroying the eyeball. Biopsy was
carried out.
Clinical image Biopsy images
QUESTIONS
What is the diagnosis?
Mention the characteristic diagnostic cell in
this condition?
One use : Measure the absorbance of
light with specific wave length for
chemicals.
Identify : Automatic pipette
Identify : Wasserman Test tube
Identify : Cuvette
A 50-year-old man was presented to the hospital for a routine
checkup. The laboratory finding revealed serum uric acid = 9 mg/dl.
Enlist TWO causes for this finding.
Case of hyperuricemia
Causes :
1-Under excretion of uric acid (lactic acidosis, ketosis)
2- Over production of uric acid (Cancer , over-intake of purine
rich food)
embryology
Achondroplasia:
Polydactyly:
Syndactyly :
Cleft foot or hand (lobster claw) :
Anencephaly :
Spina bifida :
Cleft sternum:
Perforated sternum :
Amelia : Meromelia :
Craniosynotosis :
OSPE 2025
For the greatest batch ever existed
Done by :
Amer Abbas
Ammar Almouradi
Slide 2-5 UL bones
Slide 6-10 UL muscles
Slide 11-17 skull and mandible
Slide 18-19 muscles of face
Slide 20 vertebrae
Slide 21-22 muscles of back
Slide 23-26 LL bones
Slide 27- 32 LL muscles
Upper limb ( bones )
Name :
Joints :
Structures :
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Structures :
Upper limb ( muscles and nerves )
Name : Name :
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Mandible and bones of skull
Muscles of the face
Name : Name :
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Vertebrae
Name : Name :
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Muscles of the back
Name : Name :
Name : Name :
Name :
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Name : Name :
Name :
Lower limb ( bones )
: Name :
: Joints :
: Structures :
: Name :
: Joints :
: Structures :
: Name :
: Joints :
: Structures :
: Name :
: Joints :
: Structures :
: Joints :
: Structures :
Lower limb muscles (cadaver)
Good luck
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