UNIT 3: CREATIVE, INVENTIVE MINDS.

MRS BARGAOUI
Netiquette = the use of correct or polite behaviour among people using the internet.
A blessing in disguise = something that seems to be a problem at first but that has good results in the end
A mixed blessing = a double –edged sword /weapon = two-edged - sword /weapon
To bless (adj) blessed e.g We enjoyed a moment of blessed (giving you a sense of peace or a
feeling of freedom from worry or pain e.g He is blessed with excellent health
To endeavour to do sth = to strive to do sth =to try very hard to do sth e.g I will endeavour to do my
best for my country
(n) an endeavour e.g . Please make every endeavour to be on time
e.g He offered her a valuable present in an endeavour (= in a bid = in an attempt /effort)
to win her love
a genius =a prodigy pl = geniuses
genius (adj) e.g It’s a genius idea
to delay = to make sb/sth late or force them to do something more slowly / to put off =to postpone
e.g He delayed telling her the news ,waiting for the right moment.
(n) delay e.g We apologize for the delay in answering your letter
To release e.g to release a prisoner (=to set him free)
e.g He refused to release her arm (let go/let loose )
e.g He is planning to release a solo album
(n) release
To envision =envisage = to imagine what a situation will be like in the future e.g They didn’t envision
any problems with the new building e.g The work took longer than initially envisioned

Initial (adj) happening at the beginning /first e.g There is an initial payment of §60 followed by ten
instalments of $ 25
Initial (n) the first letter /letters off a person’s or a thing’s name e.g John Fitzgerald Kennedy was often
known by his initials JFK
To initial Please initial each page and sign in the space provided (mark or sign sth with our initials)
(adv) initially e.g Initially, the system worked well ‘at the beginning)
To initiate =too make something begin =to set/put in motion e.g The government has initiated a programme
of economic reform
e.g Many of them had been initiated into drug use at an early age
(n)initiation
(n) an initiative e.g She took the initiative in asking the board to conduct an enquiry
Maybe = perhaps
Via = by means of /through
Prestige (n) prestigious (adj)
 Verb Adjective Noun Doer adverb
Create Creative Creativeness Creator Creatively
Creation
Invent inventive Inventive Inventor inventively
Invention
The Nobel Prize is a coveted (=everybody wants to in it ) award =distinction =prize
Regardless of = irrespective of e.g All human beings are equal regardless of their ethnic backgrounds
To prize =to treasure e.g The library is higly prized as the finest of its kind in England
A prize (adj) student = being a very good example of its kind
Prized (adj) = very valuable to sb e.g I lost some of my prized possessions in the fire
Prize (n) e.g He was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize The Nobel Peace Prize was awarded to him
Prizewinner =prize winner =an awardee an award –winning film
To award= to make an official decision to give something to somebody as a payment, prize, contract, etc.
award somebody something The judges awarded both finalists equal points.

To win a prize in sth

Laureate (noun) a person who has been given an official honour or prize for something important they
have achieved e.g a Nobel laureate
A nominee: a person who has been formally suggested for a job, a prize, etc.
to honour sb with sth for sth honourable (adj) She had an honourable career (deserving respect)
to reward sb with sth for sth rewarding (adj) # unrewarding e.g Teaching is not financially rewarding
a will = testament =a legal document that says what is to happen to somebody’s money and property after
they die
to opt out =to choose not to be part of (n) opt - out She opted out of her corporate job and started
a freelance career
#
to opt in
to opt against
to opt for
recognition = 1-public praise and reward e.g He received the award in recognition of his success over
the past year 2-the fact of accepting that sth exists, is true or is official

to recognize /recognise (adj) recognizable # unrecognizable (adv) recognizably

acknowledgement to acknowledge
to cite =to mention e.g. He cited personal reasons for his decision to resign
to hold (held /held) sb accountable for sth e.g If anything bad happens to her, I will hold you accountable
(responsible) for it
path = career path The president urged the rebels to choose the path of peace
significant Your work has shown a significant (important enough to be noticed) improvement
significance (n) significantly (adv) e.g a decision of major political significance
# insignificant insignificance insignificantly e.g Success took him from insignificance
to wealth and fame
Women opt out of corporate (adj) jobs in order to become entrepreneurs. (running their own business)
= entrepreneurship (n) entrepreneurial (adj) She has entrepreneurial
skills
Corporation /company /firm

Women can take up /hold key positions /posts in governments.

Phenomenon pl phenomena
Criterion criteria
Substantial =considerable substantial sums of money (adv) substantially considerably the costs have
increased substantially
Expatriate (n)(expat) = immigrant an American expatriate in Paris
Expatriate (adj) an expatriate worker
To be committed to
To be devoted to + Verb + ING
To be dedicated to
Expertise in sth/doing sth= expert knowledge or skill in a particular subject, activity or job e.g His
technical expertise was critical in developing the business
Expert (n) at sth/ in /at doing sth = a person with special knowledge ,skill or training in something
Expert (adj) They are expert in these matters
# inexpert inexpertly The interviews are inexpertly conducted
Expertly (adv) The music was expertly performed
Extensive = including or dealing with a wide range of information e.g His knowledge of music is
extensive
Extensiveness( n) Extensively (adv) Se has travelled extensively
Gather pace = happen quickly and have more success becoming widespread
Incentive for/to sb/sth to do sth = something that encourages you to do sth e.g This gives pupils a strong
incentive to read more books
In search of She went into the kitchen in search of (looking for) a drink
Trend =tendency
Shortage of =lack of
Actual = real the actual cost was higher than we expected actually (in reality)
Current =present ,happening now currently (at the present time)
Have the credit for doing sth = to receive acknowledgement or praise for some accomplishment
I I can’t take /have all the credit for the show’s success - it as a team effort .
Magnify = to make something look bigger than it really is , for example by using a lens or microscope
Bacteria magnified to 1000 times their actual size
Magnifying glass (= magnifier)
Occur =take place =happen n) occurrence
Patent == a document /an official right to be the only person to make ,use or sell a product or an invention
The school was built in the late 1970s (= 77,78,79)
She married in her late twenties (= when she was 28 or 29)
To reach the end of the road = to finish Her relationship with Tom reached has come to the end of
the road

Effect =result= consequence = outcome=implication

Useless=fruitless = worthless = futile

To offset = to counterbalance The money provided by the insurance will help offset big medical bills

ROBOTS:

Advantages Drawbacks
*Robots lack capability to respond in
* The first advantage they have is speed They can issue
emergencies, unless the situation is predicted and the
instructions much faster than people can. response is included in the system.
*increase productivity, safety, efficiency, and quality of
 * Robots are costly due to: initial cost of equipment,
products installation costs, need for training, and need
*Robots can work in hazardous environments without *There is a fear of robots by many human,
experiencing fatigue or boredom especially factory workers

Video/computer games
Merits Blemishes

They, undoubtedly, allow players moments of The excessive use of video games brings
captivating =enthralling =captivating flights from about /engenders /causes
reality adverse=unpleasant =severe repercussions
They boost the players’ cognitive capacities and -health issues :obesity ,backache ,neck strain
improve their decision –making skills ,eyesight problems
Multiplayer mode games help players interact with Increased loneliness – social isolation
others and mix with like-minded people
School results may suffer

In order to flatten the curve of this issue = to curb the harmful effects of this issue , we need to limit
the time spent on playing .
We can talk to them to let them open up and recognize their addiction /addictive behavior
We can send them to summer camps where there is no internet
 WOMEN CHOOSE TO OPT OUT OF CORPORATE JOBS
The reasons why women opt out of corporate jobs
-No recognition/glass-ceiling issue /unequal pay /longing for more flexibility in the workplace /to
gain more freedom/They are subjected (victims of)) to harassment or assault /corporate jobs
don’t fulfil their potential /dissatisfied with their jobs //the need for accomplishment
Solutions
The companies where women experience harassment should be named and shamed /companies
should (provide flexibility to women) provide women with flexibility) and career advancement
opportunities in order to lure them away from the opt-out /treat men and women equally when
it comes to pay and promotion.
Brain drain = human capital flight
PUSH FACTORS Pull factors (luring/ enthralling /entrancing
/enticing incentives )
-Economic hardships /high rates of -Good career prospects ( prospects (plural)=
unemployment/political persecution and the chances of being successful /prospect =the
oppression/political turmoil :instability ,wars possibility that something will happen ) or
horizons /economic prosperity/high wages
/no recognition/low wages/lack of research equipments
/high standard of living /more freedom and
and Facilities /appaling working conditions /the pursuit respect oh human rights /substantial funds or
of studies and happiness budget for research /state-of-the-art
technology and modern facilities /political
stability/seeking refuge or asylum

Brain loss :repercussions of brain drain Brain gain

-Shortage of skilled and knowledgeable people or The host countries benefit from the cream of
quality manpower /It’s a pity that developing countries the developing ones / reverse brain
sow the seeds of success and developed ones reap the drain :when highly skilled ,accomplished
fruit /harvest/crop :the money invested on education is ,people (intellectuals) come back,they bring
lost/increase in dependence on foreign technical their expertise/sharpened skills,broadened
assistance /loss of potential entrepreneurs who leave knowledge and experience and contribute to
and become assets (a person or thing that is valuable or the growth ,welfare of their
useful to somebody/something) to other counties countries/Remittances(money ) from
expatriates living abroad constitute a
significant proportion of foreign revenue for
many developing countries./ intellectual and
successful immigrants bring honour to their
native countries ( Mohamed Abid was
among the engineers of Mars 2020 Mission

How can we curb this phenomenon ?

There should be more respect and consolidation of human rights and democracy /establish positive
political ,social and economic conditions which would dissuade intellectuals from emigrating /the
necessity of setting meritocracy and transparency as the only criteria in promotions and appointments
to posts/more recognition of the skills and talents of young people /instilling patriotism into people
 Technology: a blessing or curse?
In the world today, people cannot live without technologies such as televisions, mobile phones,
computers and others.
There is no such a field in the world in which technology is not involved
Rightly used science can bring heaven on earth. Wrongly used, it can turn this earth into hell by
destroying civilization
Bac 2017 : You read the following statement in an e-magazine :’Scientific inventions are meant to
serve humans “ Write a 12-line article for your school e-magazine to explain the [Link]
your explanation with concrete examples

Adva advantages Draw drawbacks

- advanced communication technology tools;/the world Job loss (unemployment)– replacing humans;/World
has become a small village destruction weapons – increasing endless wars;
-Easy access to information (internet)– at anytime and Increased loneliness – social isolation; technology
anywhere; affects the society, people’s mood and action in a
negative way. As a result, people become lazier and
- electrical/household appliances help us to do our daily
they don’t feel the serious need to step outside of their
tasks faster
home to find entertainment and fun such as spending
Social Networking – great improvement for individuals time with friends.
and businesses;
Addiction :
-Convenience in education – online education increased dependence on modern tools that reduces
- At the medical level: The vast improvements made in our creativity and intelligence. Use of technology can
the field of medicine have served to lengthen our life also have negative result on physical health causing
expectancy and to reduce the rate of infant mortality. vision problems, hearing loss, and neck strain or
etc./Smartphones, video games, television people mostly
Man is able to explore the space extensively because of used and these things are the most distracting and
the wide-scale development in technology. engaging technological devices.
Technology causes environmental problems:
Factories and vehicles create a lot of dangerous gases
and pollute our environment air and it creates a lot of
diseases (like asthma) in human beings and other living
things.
Invasion of our private life