Canal Escapes – Mul ple Choice Ques ons (MCQs)
Sec on A: Basic Concepts (1-10)
1. What is the primary purpose of a canal escape?
a) To increase water flow in the canal
b) To remove excess water from the canal
c) To divert water to another canal
d) To measure discharge
Answer: b)
2. Canal escapes are essen al to:
a) Prevent damage to canal structures due to overflows
b) Increase sedimenta on in the canal
c) Reduce canal capacity
d) Block water flow
Answer: a)
3. Which of the following is NOT a func on of a canal escape?
a) Diver ng water for irriga on
b) Protec ng the canal from breaches
c) Emptying the canal for maintenance
d) Controlling silt entry
Answer: a)
4. The term "surplus water" in canal escapes refers to:
a) Water lost to evapora on
b) Excess water beyond canal capacity
c) Groundwater seepage
d) Rainfall accumula on
Answer: b)
5. Canal escapes are typically located:
a) At the canal head
b) Near sensi ve structures (e.g., aqueducts, falls)
c) Only at the tail end
d) In the middle of the canal
Answer: b)
6. What happens if a canal lacks an escape?
a) Risk of overtopping and structural damage
b) Increased water efficiency
c) Reduced sedimenta on
d) Improved flow velocity
Answer: a)
7. The discharge capacity of a canal escape is usually:
a) Equal to the canal's full supply discharge
b) Less than the canal's full supply discharge
c) Double the canal's capacity
d) Unrelated to canal design
Answer: b)
8. Which factor does NOT influence the design of canal escapes?
a) Canal discharge
b) Crop type in the command area
c) Topography
d) Risk of breaches
Answer: b)
9. A canal escape that also removes silt is called a:
a) Silt escape
b) Surplus escape
c) Tail escape
d) Scouring sluice
Answer: a)
10. The most common material used for escape gates is:
a) Wood
b) Steel or reinforced concrete
c) Plas c
d) Bamboo
Answer: b)
Sec on B: Types of Canal Escapes (11-20)
11. A "tail escape" is located at the:
a) Downstream end of the canal
b) Middle of the canal
c) Canal headworks
d) O ake point
Answer: a)
12. Which escape is used to remove excess water during emergencies?
a) Surplus escape
b) Silt escape
c) Head escape
d) Outlet escape
Answer: a)
13. A "scouring escape" is primarily used to:
a) Flush out silt deposits
b) Divert water to fields
c) Measure flow velocity
d) Store water
Answer: a)
14. Which type of escape is combined with a regulator?
a) Head escape
b) Tail escape
c) Silt escape
d) Surplus escape
Answer: a)
15. The "weir-type escape" operates on the principle of:
a) Overflowing water over a crest
b) Underflow gates
c) Siphon ac on
d) Pumping
Answer: a)
16. Which escape is used to empty the canal for repairs?
a) Tail escape
b) Silt escape
c) Surplus escape
d) Head escape
Answer: a)
17. A "silt escape" is usually located near:
a) Canal headworks
b) Tail end
c) Aqueducts
d) Cross-drainage works
Answer: a)
18. Which escape type is rarely used in modern systems?
a) Natural escape (uncontrolled)
b) Weir-type escape
c) Gate-controlled escape
d) Silt escape
Answer: a)
19. A "combined escape" performs which func ons?
a) Removes surplus water and silt
b) Diverts water to another canal
c) Measures discharge
d) Stores water
Answer: a)
20. The "gate-controlled escape" allows:
a) Manual or automated opera on
b) Only automa c opera on
c) Only silt removal
d) No regula on of flow
Answer: a)
Sec on C: Design & Maintenance (21-30)
21. The crest level of a weir-type escape is set:
a) Below the canal's full supply level
b) Above the canal bank
c) At the canal bed level
d) At the tail end level
Answer: a)
22. What is the purpose of energy dissipators in escapes?
a) Reduce water velocity to prevent erosion
b) Increase flow rate
c) Trap silt
d) Divert water upstream
Answer: a)
23. The design discharge of an escape is typically:
a) 10–25% of the canal's full supply discharge
b) 50–75% of the canal's capacity
c) Equal to the canal's capacity
d) Fixed for all canals
Answer: a)
24. Which equa on is used to calculate escape discharge?
a) Weir equa on (e.g., Q = CLH³/²)
b) Manning’s equa on
c) Darcy’s law
d) Bernoulli’s equa on
Answer: a)
25. Why are canal escapes rarely used in lined canals?
a) Lined canals have be er flow control
b) Lined canals cannot handle escapes
c) Escapes reduce lining lifespan
d) Escapes are illegal in lined canals
Answer: a)
26. The main maintenance challenge for escapes is:
a) Gate jamming due to silt/debris
b) Excessive water loss
c) Overtopping of canals
d) Reduced irriga on efficiency
Answer: a)
27. Which factor is cri cal in selec ng an escape loca on?
a) Proximity to vulnerable structures
b) Distance from the command area
c) Soil type in the canal bed
d) Rainfall pa ern
Answer: a)
28. Escapes discharging into natural drains require:
a) Energy dissipa on and bank protec on
b) No addi onal design
c) Silt traps
d) Pumping systems
Answer: a)
29. What is the role of a s lling basin in escapes?
a) Dissipate kine c energy of flowing water
b) Increase flow velocity
c) Store excess water
d) Measure discharge
Answer: a)
30. Modern canal escapes o en use:
a) Automated gates with sensors
b) Manual wooden gates
c) Uncontrolled weirs
d) Temporary sandbags
Answer: a)
