

 PUSHTO
 WEEK 8
‫ رحمان بابا‬،‫خوشحال خان بابا‬ 
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Tue, 06 Feb
 A Brief History Of a great pashto poet khushal khan baba
Subjects  ‫ رحمان بابا‬،‫خوشحال خان بابا‬
Khushal khab khattak
 ‫ رحمان بابا‬،‫خوشحال خان بابا‬

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 Khashal KhanKhattak (‫ )خوشحال خان خټک‬is a great Pashto poet who has achieved the status of
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Baba in the Pashtun nation by protecting and serving the Pashtun nation and his soil
through sword and pen at the same time. In this article, we will unveil the events and
 hidden corners of his life.
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Khushal Khan Khattak was born in Akori(‫ )اکوړه‬on (1022 AH) during the reign of Mughal
 Emperor Noor-ud-Din Jahangir. (Akora Sarai (‫ )سراے اکوړه‬is the name of a village situated on
Live the banks of the river Landi, 3 km east of Peshawar) Khushal Khan’s father name was
Lectures Shahbaz Khan. Shahbaz Khan was a chief of Khattak tribe and an official of Mughal
government. He got this status from his father Malik Akori in Jagir. Malik Akori was given
 this position by Mughal ruler. Found in the reign of Jalaluddin Akbar, King Akbar gave Malik
Stats Akori the area from Khairabad to Nowshera as a jagir and also gave Malik Akori the
authority to collect livestock and taxes from all routes in the area. Malik Akori was also
 entrusted with the responsibility of guarding the royal road. Sarai Akora village was also
Leaderboard settled by Malik Akori. The Khattak nation has two major sub-branches, one called Tarri
Khattak and the other is known as Bolaaq Khattak.

Khoshal Khan Khattak has been accustomed to accidents and troubles since childhood.
Notes
When he was six years old, he suddenly drowned in the river one day, but he was lucky
enough to be rescued alive. Similarly, at the age of eight, stones fell on him from the roof.

His head was severely injured but fortunately he escaped death.
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
Khushal Khan was destined to become a great scholar and artist. He had acquired more
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knowledge through personal study and observation. Although he had been admit in the
madrassa for some time, he had not acquired much knowledge there.

There was fierce animosity between the Khattak and Mandani tribes, one reason being that
when the Khattak tribe spread from the south to the north, they infiltrated into the
Yousafzai tribe and another reason was that the Khattak tribe ruled the Mughals. While the
Yousafzai tribe had enmity and hatred with the Mughal government, there was enmity
between the Yousafzai and Khattak tribes.

Due to this animosity, there were frequent battles between the Khattak and Yousafzai
tribes. Meanwhile, Shahbaz Khan, with a very small army, including Khushal Khan, entered
the arena against the Yousafzai tribe, at a distance of five kilometers from Sarai Akora, on
the banks of the Landi River, between the Khattak and Yousafzai tribes a fierce battle
ensued in which the Khattak tribe suffered heavy losses. The Khattak tribe was defeated in
this battle.

Five years after this tragedy, in 1040 AH, when Khushal Khan was 18 years old, they got
married for the first time. It is said that Khushal Khan was not feeling well on that day so he
could not attend his wedding ceremony and his grandmother Qazefa went and she
brought his bride.


 When Khushal Khan was 20 years old, he started writing poetry, as he also mentioned in
one of his ghazals, one of which is as follows. 

 PUSHTO
 WEEK 8
Home ‫عقل سل د مصلحت بندونه جو ړ کا‬

Tue, 06 Feb

Subjects  ‫ رحمان بابا‬،‫خوشحال خان بابا‬ ‫چي د عشق سيالب پري راشي واړه نوړ کا‬

 ‫ رحمان بابا‬،‫خوشحال خان بابا‬


Quizzes “The intellect may make hundreds of plans. But love never obeys the intellect”


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Khushal khan khattak poetry


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(1040 AH) in the month of Ramadan when Khushal’s son Ashraf Khan Hijri was born. Ashraf

Khan Hijri is counted among the great poets of Pashto. Khushal Khan had a son before that
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Lectures but he died soon after birth and his name was Akbar Khan.


Stats In (1050 AH), Akakhel, a sub-branch of the Yousafzai tribe, refused to pay taxes and was
attacked by Shahbaz Khan at the end of Ramadan. Khushal Khan was also with them in this
 battle. Shahbaz Khan’s leg was shot and he was injured in this battle, one of his cousins ​
Leaderboard Saqi Baig also died and at the same time the Khattak tribe was severely damaged. Author
Afzal Khan writes that all the Khattaks involved in this battle were wounded, including
 Khushal Khan Khattak. When the Khattak tribe was defeated, they returned and five days
Notes
after this battle, Shahbaz Khan the father of Khushal Khan, died in the month of shawaal
(1050 AH).


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Apart from Khushal Khan, Shahbaz Khan also had three sons, including Jamil Baig who was
Khushal Khan’s real brother and the other two were Shamshir Khan and Mirbaz Khan who

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were Khushal Khan’s half-brothers. Khushal Khan was the eldest of them all. Therefore,
after the death of his father, he was appointed the head of the family. After that, Khushal
Khan decided that he would take revenge on the Yousafzai tribe. In this regard, he came to
the service of Sheikh Rahmakar alias Kaka Sahib and asked him He prayed and later came
to the village and formed a large army and attacked the Yousafzai tribe. In this battle they
set fire to most of the villages of Yousafzai. The Yousafzai tribe suffered heavy casualties in
this battle. While Khushal Khan was returning with his army, the people of Kamalzai and
Amazai tribesmen rushed for the support of the Yousafzai tribe and surrounded the
Khattak tribe on the way. But even in this battle Yousafzai’s sub-branches were defeated
and similarly Khushal Khan avenged his father Shahbaz Khan and returned victorious.

Meanwhile, Khushal Khan Kattak received a decree from the Mughal emperor Shah Jahan
in which Shah Jahan wrote to Khushal Khan that Khushal Khan had now been appointed
Sardar in place of Shahbaz Khan, a few months after that incident.

On (1052 AH) Khushal Khan met Dara Shukoh in Resai area of ​Kohat. Dara Shukoh was a
Mughal prince and at that time he was going with the army on an expedition against the
Iranians. Took control of Khattak territory from Khushal Khan.

After this, Khushal Khan joined the campaigns in Balkh and Badakhshan regions of
Afghanistan and cooperated with the royal army. In this campaign too, Khushal Khan
worked under Asalat Khan When the Mughal army reached Peshawar, Khushal Khan also

joined the army and offered his services.
 
When King Shah Jahan was on his way to Kabul to conduct the Kandahar expedition on
(1059 AH) as he crossed the Abaseen River, Khushal Khan received the Mughal King Shah
 PUSHTO
 WEEK 8 Jahan warmly and accompanied him to the Daki area. They came to the service of the king
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where the king handed him over to Khushal Khan, the chief of the area of ​Yusufzai.
Tue, 06 Feb

Subjects  ‫ رحمان بابا‬،‫خوشحال خان بابا‬ In (1063-1064 AH) Khashal Khan Khan fought with the Bangash tribe. The opposing side in
this battle was Sher Muhammad Khan Bangash, whose uncle was also killed in this battle
 ‫ رحمان بابا‬،‫خوشحال خان بابا‬
 and the Khattak tribe won the battle. In this battle about three hundred Bangash people
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were killed and many injured.


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Khushal Khan Khattak’s poetry shows that he had a friendship with King Shah Jahan and
King Jahan respected King Khushal Khan Khattak, took care of him and valued his services.
 It may be surmised that King Shah Jahan had good relations with the Pashtun tribe and his
Support policy towards the Pashtuns was lenient, although Khushal Khan served the Mughal
government immensely and in return for these services the king gave him a position and
 Khushal Khun Khattak was being used against the Yousafzai nation because the Yousafzai
Live tribe was against the Mughal government and the king.
Lectures


On the 7th of Dhul-Hijjah, (1067 AH), King Shah Jahan fell ill and was unable to carry out the
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affairs of the empire, which resulted in a battle for power among his successors. Dara
Shukoh alone wanted to seize the throne and the Shah Shuja was running alone for power
 while Aurangzeb Alamgir and Murad Bakhsh were fighting for power together, and finally
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Aurangzeb Alamgir won the war, Aurangzeb imprisoned his father Shah Jahan because he
was on the side of Darashkoh’s Then Aurangzeb killed his brother Dara Shukoh and made
 Shuja disappear while later differences with his third brother Murad Bakhsh also increased
Notes
and he also imprisoned him first and then killed him.


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Aurangzeb’s accession to the throne took place in Zilqaada on (1068 AH) Similarly, Khushal
Khan, who was against Dara Shukoh, supported and welcomed Aurangzeb Alamgir in the
 Pashtun areas. Khushal Khan helped Alamgir in Pakhtunkhwa and Khushal Khan against
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Bahako Khan who was against Aurangzeb. In this battle Bahako Khan was defeated and his
brother Syed Khan was killed. In addition, all the rebels of Yousafzai tribe were fought
against and repressed. Khushal Khan worked hard for the success of the government.

A few years later, there was a rift between Khushal Khan and the Mughal government, and
the end result was that the Mughal government imprisoned Khushal Khan, tortured him
and withdrew all his positions and rewards.

Khashal Khan has written many poems on imprisonment. In these poems, on the one
hand, he has mentioned the hardships and sufferings during his imprisonment; on the
other hand, he has also expressed revenge in those poems and poetry. Below are a few
examples of similar poems and poetry.

‫چي سړي اوبه د غر نشته په هند کښي‬

‫تري توبه کا واړه ډک دے له نعيمه‬

“India does not have cold mountain water, although everything is available here”


 ‫هميشه به په هند نه اوسي خوشحاله‬


 PUSHTO ‫عاقبت به عاصي اووځي له جحيمه‬

 WEEK 8
Home

Tue, 06 Feb
 “O prosperous! You will not always be in India; you will finally get out of here one day”
Subjects  ‫ رحمان بابا‬،‫خوشحال خان بابا‬

 ‫ رحمان بابا‬،‫خوشحال خان بابا‬ ‫نيسي‬ ‫پښتني جونه دي زلفي باد ته‬

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 ‫چه شمال يي بوئي راوړي په رنتمبور کښي‬

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 “When young Pashtun girls scatter their hair, their scent reaches Ranthambore Jail”
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 In another ghazal, he wrote:

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‫پس له بنده دی دا عزم‬


Stats

‫د خوشحال د خاطر جزم‬


Leaderboard

‫يا نيولے مخ مکي ته‬


Notes

‫رزم‬ ‫يا مغلو سره‬


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 “After my imprisonment, I have one determination and that is to either become pious and
Feedback pious or to fight against the Mughals with a sword”

Eventually the time of trouble and sorrow ended and Khushal Khan was released, and the
king appointed Mahabat Khan as the governor of Kabul and when he was leaving, he also
sent Khushal Khan with Mahabat Khanand finally Khushal Khan Reached his hometown.

When Khushal Khan was in prison, the Yousafzai tribe revolted and wars continued,
although the Yousafzai tribe was tired of the long war, the government still wanted their
rebellion to be suppressed and precautionary measures taken against them. When
Mahabat Khan reached Pakhtunkhwa, he ordered the construction of an Army cantonment
at Langar Kot at the request of the king. (Langar Kot is now known as Amazai) Mahabat
Khan brought Khushal Khun to Yousafzai area. Khushal Khan advised Mahabat Khan not to
build a fort but he refused. Muhabat khan offered to kushal khan for joining army against
yousafzai tribe However, Khushal Khan refused to take any action against the Yousafzai
tribe. He did not support the Mughal government but it became a fortress, Khushal Khan
has mentioned this in one of his poems.

‫لنګر کوټ مغلو ساز کړو‬

‫زه په ننګ بيا د افغان شوم‬


 ‫که يوسف وو که مندڼ وو‬


 PUSHTO ‫زه د دواړو نګهبان شوم‬

 WEEK 8
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Tue, 06 Feb
 “The Mughals built a fort at Langar Kot and later I joined the Afghans. Meanwhile, I became
Subjects  ‫ رحمان بابا‬،‫خوشحال خان بابا‬ the guardian of Yusuf and Mandan”

 ‫ رحمان بابا‬،‫خوشحال خان بابا‬


Quizzes Although Khushal was against the Mughal government, he had not yet taken practical steps
against the Mughal government, but during this time he left the service of the Mughal
 government. During this time Muhammad Amin Khan was appointed governor of Kabul
Assign./Tests and at the same time in Pakhtunkhwa. A great uprising broke out. Meanwhile, the
government soldiers attacked and disrespected the Safi Tribe girl. The Safi tribe killed the
 soldiers and managed to escape. In response, the governor of Kunar, Hassan Baig,
Support attacked on Safi tribe. But Hassan Baig was defeated and fled. At that time the Governor of
Kabul Muhammad Amin was present in Peshawar. When he came to know about these
 incidents, he became angry and he formed a large army and decided to fight against the
Live Safi tribe. Khushal was also in the Mughal army at that time, he forbade Mahabat Khan
Lectures from this war but Mahabat Khan taunted Khushal Khan who helped in the release of
Khushal and now Khushal is opposing him, meanwhile Khushal Khan sided with them and
 joined the army and intended to fight against the Pashtuns. When the Mughal army
Stats reached Landi Khana via Khyber, they were confronted by the Pashtun army there. The
Pashtun lashkar was headed by Aimal Khan Momand, which included members of the
 Mohmand, Shinwari, Afridi and other tribes. There was a great battle in which the Pashtuns
Leaderboard showed bravery and the Mughal army suffered heavy loss of life and property. The
Pashtun lashkar won and Muhammad Amin Khan along with a few companions managed
 to escape to Peshawar via Ali Masjid. Several of his relatives, including his son Abdullah,
Notes were killed in the fighting. Muhammad Amin’s youngest daughter, sister and mother were
taken prisoner and later released in exchange for money. The tragedy took place in the
 month of Muharram, (1083 AH), immediately after this battle, Khushal Khan wrote an ode.
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 ‫چي دانا تر نادان ال وژني بدتر‬

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‫مګر نه دے دا جوندون څه معتبر‬

“What is this life, in which wise people act like less intelligent people?”

In this poem, on the one hand, there is a mention of the painful death of Muhammad
Amin’s family; on the other hand, there is a mention of the victory of the Pashtun Lashkar.
If Khushal regrets the loss of Muhammad Amin, then on the other hand, Fateh and
Aurangzeb were also happy that Alamgir’s reputation was damaged.

In place of Muhammad Amin Khan, the king appointed Mahabat Khan as the governor of
Kabul and he tried hard to get Khushal Khan to work with the Mughal government, but
Mahabat Khan did not persuade Khushal Khan to do so. Khushal Khan had intended not to
serve the Mughal government but he did not take any action against the Mughal
government. He thought that he would not interfere in any work as he wrote in a poem
that.

‫د فساد فکر مي نشته خداے خاضر دے‬


‫عمر اخر دے‬ ‫خپل ساعت به تيرووم‬
 
“God is witness that I no longer think of spreading mischief, because now I am old and
have entered the latter part of my life”
 PUSHTO
 WEEK 8
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Tue, 06 Feb But Mahabat Khan did not agree to this, he was openly demanding the support of Khushal
 Khan and when Mahabat Khan failed in this task, he provoked Khushal Khan’s son Bahram
Subjects  ‫ رحمان بابا‬،‫خوشحال خان بابا‬ Khan against his father Khushal Khan by giving him money. He enticed Mahabat Khan to
cooperate and promised to help him. The practical differences and enmity between
 ‫ رحمان بابا‬،‫خوشحال خان بابا‬
 Khushal Khan and the Mughals started from here. And then The time came when the
Quizzes differences between Khushal Khan and his son Bahram Khan increased and even the turn
came to war. Khushal Khan defeated Bahram Khan on several occasions and also declared
 war against the Mughals. Meanwhile, Khushal Khan visited Kohat and convened jirgas at
Assign./Tests various places and took the people into confidence. In this war, the Mohmand tribe sided
with Khushal Khan and helped him. At that time, Khushal Khan wrote a high-profile poem.

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‫پرورده که د مغلو په نمک يم‬


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‫د اورنګ له السه هم له غريو ډک يم‬


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‫د افغان په ننګ مي اوتړله توره‬


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‫ننګيالے د زماني خوشحال خټک يم‬


Notes
“Although I supported the Mughal government a lot. But Aurangzeb made me very sad.
 Now I have raised my sword in the name of Afghans. And my name is Khushal Khan
Bookmarks Khattak who is proud of his nation”


Feedback In the same poem, he also mentioned the support of Mohmand and Afridi tribes and
thanked them.

‫مهمندي زما د کډي الس او خپي دي‬

‫راضي مند د افريديو په کومک يم‬

“Mohmands are like my hands and feet and I am very happy with Afridi’s help”

After that long battles were fought against the Mughals. They marched with Afridi Lashkar
to attack Kohat but the Bangash tribe sent a jirga and begged them and the attack could
not take place. After that they marched to Nowshera. After the battle of Nowshera, a great
battle was fought in mohmand area.

Battle against Mughals in Mohmand

It was a great battle which took place between the Mohmand tribe in the Mohmand region
and the Mughal army at Kraappa ( )‫کړپه‬in Gandhab ( .)‫ګندهاب‬In this battle, Shujaat Khan was
killed in spite of his large numbers and the army led by Jaswant Singh managed to escape.
The battles fought at Nowshera and Krappa are counted among the great battles of

history. This was the year (1084 AH).
 
According to Khushal Khan, the Mughal army was also defeated in Doaba in the same year.

 PUSHTO
 WEEK 8
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It was agreed between Khushal Khan and Darya Khan that they would attack Kohat
Tue, 06 Feb together but when the Mughal army was defeated at Krappa at mohmand, Darya Khan
 attacked Kohat alone but unfortunately he was defeated there and could not succeed. In
Subjects  ‫ رحمان بابا‬،‫خوشحال خان بابا‬ this battle, Darya Khan’s brother was killed in Tatar Khan. Khushal Khan was in Chautra at
that time. When the news reached him, he sent an armed force to help him, where he set
 ‫ رحمان بابا‬،‫خوشحال خان بابا‬
 fire to several villages of Bangash. Both Darya Khan and Khushal consulted and it was
Quizzes decided that Khushal Khan should go to Tirah Valley after which he went to Tirah Valley.


Assign./Tests
On the other hand, when the king received the news of the defeat of his army at Krappa
area of ​Mohmand, he became very angry and he himself took command of the army and
 left for Hassan Abdal with a large army on (1086 AH) with Heavy artillery and military
Support equipment reached Hassan Abdal.


Live Khushal took leave of Afridi area and reached the place of Khora and gathered the people
Lectures
there and after consultation returned to Tirah valley. When Khushal Khan came to know
that the king had reached Lahore, he wrote a poem.

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In this world, such situations and events take place due to which even the work which no

one even thinks about comes to an end.
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
In another poem he wrote
Notes


‫اورنګ زيب بادشاه زړه ډک په الهور راغے‬
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
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‫ګوره ګانده به څوک وران څوک به ودان شي‬

King Aurangzeb reached Lahore in a state of rage. Now it is not known whose house will be
deserted.

‫په جها ن د ننګيالو دي دا دوه کاره‬

‫يا به اوخوري ککرۍ يا به کامران شي‬

The brave man has two tasks in this world, either he will die or he will be successful.

Freedom is a blessing better than a kingdom. What kind of life is that which needs the
command of others?

Khushal Khan spent four months in the Tirah Valley and then, on the advice of Yousafzai’s
elders and landlords, left with Aimal Khan and Darya Khan. He first visited the Mohmand
area and met the people of the Utmankhel tribe ‫ُاتمان خيل قبيله‬there and then set out for the
Khattak area and later reached the Yousafzai area.

 The king withdrew his army from Lahore and stationed them in various parts of the
Pashtun lands, and at the same time played political tricks and became active in spreading 
discord among the Pashtun nation. Started Sometimes the Mughal army had victories and
 PUSHTO sometimes the Pashtun tribe had victories. This continued but despite the large army and
 WEEK 8
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heavy weapons, the Mughal army did not occupy Pakhtunkhwa and they could not succeed
in this goal. Meanwhile Khushal Khan visited different areas of Yousafzai and tried to rally
Tue, 06 Feb them against the Mughal government but they did not have much success.

Subjects  ‫ رحمان بابا‬،‫خوشحال خان بابا‬

  ‫ رحمان بابا‬،‫ خوشحال خان بابا‬Meanwhile, the king marched back from Hassan Abdal. At that time, although the Pashtuns
Quizzes
were not defeated, but they were weakened, the king returned to Capital city in (1087 AH).
After that, Kohat There was a battle at the site of the people who were on the side of the
Mughal government. Khushal Khan was wounded in this battle and his cousin was also

wounded. The chief of the Bangash tribe was Sher Muhammad Khan. The Khattak tribe
Assign./Tests
was defeated in this battle. Khushal Khan has described the situation of this battle in a
poem as follows.

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‫د بنګش په توره مات نه يم باور کړه‬


Live
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‫د ګنبت په جنګ مي ماتي اسماني وه‬


Stats

I am not wounded by the sword of Bangash. Rather, my defeat in this war was written in
 my destiny.
Leaderboard

 He has written about this in another poem.

Notes

 ‫ما په ننګ د پښتانه ځوانان قربان کړل‬

Bookmarks

 ‫بيا مي غوره غوره جمع ښپ ځوانان کړل‬

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‫د سړي د السه مړۀ وے څه به ښه وو‬

‫ليوني کوټه سپي مړه ګوره شيران کړل‬

I sacrificed the youth for the honor and lodge of the Pashtuns. It would have been better if
these young men had died at the hands of a man, but unfortunately they died at the hands
of a young dog like a lion.

Seven months after the Battle of Gumbat, in (1087 AH), the king appointed his son
Muhammad Moazzam Shah on a Pashtun expedition and gave him the title of Shah Alam
and sent him to Kabul with the princes and elders. When the caravan reached Attock, he
Sent a friend’s message to Khushal Khan but Khushal Khan replied to leave him in isolation,
he does not want to fight any more war. But the king wrote in reply that we have not come
to fight the war but to make peace, Khushal Khan made him believe that if he joins this
army then enmity between Mughal and Pashtun tribes will end and peace will come. Finally
Khushal Khan came to Peshawar and met with the king. The king gave gifts to Khushal
Khan. He gave them presents and told them to go to Kabul with us.


 One of the aims of this peace treaty was that the Pashtun tribe was tired of long wars and
battles and there were many problems due to drought and famine in the area and 
secondly that Khushal Khan’s own tribe was under Mughal rule. He had joined and was
 PUSHTO engaged in conspiracies against Khushal Khan, so Khushal Khan wanted peace and a
 WEEK 8
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ceasefire between the Mughal and Pashtun tribes.

Tue, 06 Feb

Subjects 
But this peace did not last long and after a few months fighting broke out again between
‫ رحمان بابا‬،‫خوشحال خان بابا‬
the Mughal government and the Pashtun tribe. In (1091 AH) Khushal Khan defeated the
 ‫ رحمان بابا‬،‫خوشحال خان بابا‬ Mughal ally Bangash and a big battle took place in Doda in which Hundreds of Bangash

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were killed. Khushal Khan has written a poem in this regard.


Assign./Tests
‫څو وا نه خلي له عليمه انتقام‬


Support ‫مرد نه خوب کا نه خواړه کا نه آرام‬


Live The heart does not rest until the enemy is avenged.
Lectures

 The battle of Doda was the last battle between the Pashtun tribe and the Mughals in which
Stats a large number of supporters of the Mughal government were killed and their houses were
set on fire. The last few years of Khushal Khan’s life have been very difficult. If there is any
 light in it, it is the light of Khushal Khan’s personality and character. Most of the people of
Leaderboard the Pashtun tribe had joined the Mughal government and used to take bribes and rewards
from them against the Pashtun tribe, both of Khushal Khan. Comrades Aimal Khan and
 Darya Khan had died in his lifetime and he was now alone, but he still did not bow down to
Notes the Mughal government and resolutely faced every adversity and difficult situation. The
events can be gauged from these few poems of Khushal Khan.

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‫مغل و ته چي ګورم هغه هسي مغل نشته‬


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‫د توري وار يي تير دے اوس ورپاتي يو قلم دے‬

“When I look at the Mughals, those old Mughals are no more, the time of their sword is
over and only the pen remains”

‫پښتون په زرو نيسي په فريب په ټيټالونو‬

‫په ما يي آثر نشي ال په ما د خداے کرم دے‬

“The Mughals now want to conquer the Pashtun tribe by giving them money and greed, but
the greed of the Mughals did not affect me in the slightest”

‫نه مچ يم نه کارغه يم چي په کړو مړو ګرځم‬

‫يا باز يم يا شاهين يم په خپل ښکار ميڼ زړه خرم دے‬


“I am neither a bee nor a crow or a vulture that I will eat bad and stale food
 
I am Shaheen and I can hunt for myself”
 PUSHTO
 WEEK 8
Home
At the same time, it was the deeds of his disobedient son Bahram Khan which made
Tue, 06 Feb Khushal Khan very disappointed. Bahram Khan was lured by the Mughal government and
 asked to arrest his father Khushal Khan and hand him over to the Mughal government. In
Subjects  ‫ رحمان بابا‬،‫خوشحال خان بابا‬ return, the Mughal government would give power to Bahram Khan and appoint him as
Sardar. Bahram Khan made several attacks to arrest his father but failed and finally
 ‫ رحمان بابا‬،‫خوشحال خان بابا‬
 Khushal Khan took refuge in Afridi’s area. After taking refuge in Afridi’s area, Khushal Khan
Quizzes did not live long and finally he passed away on Friday,Feb 20,(1689 AD) (1100 AH).


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Khushal Khan Khattak as a writer

 Khushal Khan Khattak has said in a verse of a poem that.

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 Poetry or prose or letters. I have written a lot to serve the Pashto language.
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Lectures

By the way, Khushal Khan Khattak is known to have written many books, but the following
 is a description of the famous books written by him.
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 (1) Diwan, Kuliyat Khushal Khan Khattak: ‫کليات خوشحال خان خټک‬This book is the best and highest
Leaderboard base of Pashto. Along with the importance of poetry, this Kuliyat is also a historical
document which not only records the important events and circumstances of Khushal
 Khan Khattak’s life. Rather, it includes more historical themes of his era. It is also a
Notes systematic short history of Delhi and sheds light on the political situation and events of the
time. It also contains a mixture of Hindi and Pashto poems. In addition, genres such as
 ghazal, poem, qasida, qeta, triangle, square, mukhmas, hexagon, mashir, tarkib band, tirjih
Bookmarks band, and masnavi are included in this collection, while a large part of Persian poetry is
also present in it.

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(2) Baznama: ‫باز نامه‬Diseases of the falcon and its treatment and methods of hunting are
written in this book.

(3) Body Health: ‫صحته البدن‬this book contains a lot of useful material on hygiene and medicine.

(4) Hidayah: ‫هدايه‬this book is a Pashto translation of the famous book Hidayah of Fiqah.

(5) Fazal Namah: ‫فضل نامه‬in this book, jurisprudential and religious issues have been explained
in the language of poetry.

(6) Swat Namah: ‫سوات نامه‬this is a book of four hundred poems in which the journey and
geographical conditions of Swat are described. In addition, this book includes other
historical events including Pashtun culture and scientific and literary material.


 (7) Mirror: ‫آئينه‬this is also a book on religious topics in which jurisprudential issues have been
explained. This book has been translated from Arabic into Pashto. 

 PUSHTO
 WEEK 8
Home (8) Farkhnama: ‫فرخنامه‬this book discusses with reference to sword and pen.

Tue, 06 Feb

Subjects  ‫ رحمان بابا‬،‫خوشحال خان بابا‬
(9) Faraq Nama: ‫فراق نامه‬this is a mention of some of the conditions of Khushal Khan Khattak
 ‫ رحمان بابا‬،‫خوشحال خان بابا‬

who went through jail.
Quizzes


(10)Dastaranama: ‫دستار نامه‬This is a famous prose book of Khushal Khan Khattak. The book
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deals with politics, civilization, ethics, hunting, archery, and the fine arts.


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 (11)Album: ‫بياض‬this book contains the biography of Khushal Khan.

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Lectures

(2) Zanziri: ‫زنځيري‬this book is a great example of shorthand which was invented by Khushal

Khankhatak. It is a kind of shorthand.
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
In addition, Khushal Khan Khattak has a great hand in the history of Marsa, because in
Leaderboard
many places in this book there are excerpts which are taken from Khushal Khattak’s prose
word for word, or based on the information that Khushal Khan Taken from Khattak.

Notes

How many children did Khushal Khan Khattak have?


Bookmarks A poem by Khushal Khan Khattak in Tarikh-e-Marsa shows that Khushal Khan had more
than seventy children, although some of them died at a young age. The names of some of
 them are as follows.
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Ashraf Khan Hijri, Saadat Khan, Bahram Khan, Nizam Khan, Abid Khan, Abdul Qadir Khan,
Sikandar Khan and Gohar Khan. Besides, it is recorded in Tarikh-e-Marsa that Khushal
Khan Khattak had 32 daughters.

Ethical lessons in Khushal Khattak’s poetry.

Khushal Khattak has imparted all kinds of intellectual and moral training to the Pashtun
nation through his poetry. Moral teachings have been given in many places in his poetry.

A part of the poem about truth and falsehood.

‫چي دروغ تر خلي اوباسي کله خله ده‬

‫چي ريښتيا تر خلي اوباسي هغه خله ده‬

“The mouth from which lies come is not the mouth. The mouth is the one from which the
truth comes out.”

 Here are some of the ones I found to be interesting:


 PUSHTO ‫که دي طمعه د مخلوق له دره پريکړه‬

 WEEK 8
Home

Tue, 06 Feb
 ‫دي مبارک شه که ګدا يي‬ ‫بادشاهي‬
Subjects  ‫ رحمان بابا‬،‫خوشحال خان بابا‬

  ‫ رحمان بابا‬،‫خوشحال خان بابا‬ “When a person does not expect greed from others, he actually becomes a king.”
Quizzes

 This is what is written about generosity.

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 ‫که ګنجونه د قارون درته امبار شي‬

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 ‫په هر لور يي غورځوه په سخاوت‬

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Lectures

“If you can find Qaroon’s treasure, spend it generously.”


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Written about kindness‫۔‬


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‫د منت دارو که مرم په کار مي نه دي‬


Notes

‫که عالج لره مي راشي مسيحا هم‬


Bookmarks

 “Even if I die, I will not accept anyone’s favor, even if the Messiah comes to help.”
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Write about words and confessions.

‫مرد په خپله وينا ژغوري څو جوندے وي‬

‫سبا‬ ‫نشته‬ ‫شته‬ ‫د نامر وينا نن‬

“He who is brave is bound by his word, and he who is cowardly has no faith in his word and
confession.”

It is written with reference to kindness.

‫چي د خلقو نيک خواهي لري په زړه کښي‬

‫مبارک شه بادشاهي لري په زړه کښې‬


 “If there is good in your heart for the people, then congratulations to you. Your heart is like
that of kings.” 

 PUSHTO
 WEEK 8
Home Written about emotion‫۔‬

Tue, 06 Feb

Subjects  ‫ رحمان بابا‬،‫خوشحال خان بابا‬ ‫چي له دوسته له دوشمنه ښه سلوک کړه‬

 ‫ رحمان بابا‬،‫خوشحال خان بابا‬


Quizzes ‫زندګاني ده‬ ‫ښه‬ ‫سړيو‬ ‫هغو‬ ‫د‬


Assign./Tests “People who treat both friend and foe badly have a good life.”


Support It is written about forgiveness‫۔‬


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‫وی مي څه دی چي نشان د ځونمردۍ دے‬


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‫په هنګام د استقالل‬ ‫وے يي عفوه‬


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“I asked what was the best course of action, he said pardon.”


Notes

He writes about oppression and justice.


Bookmarks

‫که نوم د حجاج اوري اوري نوم د نوشيروان‬


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‫په عدل کافر ښه شه ظلم بد کړه مسلمان‬

“If Hajjaj Ibn Yusuf is a famous man, then King Noshirwan is also a famous man. Those who
do wrong, even if they are Muslims, are not right, and those who do justice, even if they are
non-Muslims, are good people.”

Similarly, many examples are found in his poetry in which human beings have been taught
morality.

Rahman Baba

Rahman Baba is one of the most illustrious Pashto poets. His poetry has been inspiring
people for almost four centuries. He is the Rumi of Pashto literature in that his is about
humanity, peace, love and tolerance.

The port’s given name was Abdur Rahman. He came to be called Rahman Baba on account
of people’s veneration for him. Rahman Baba’s animated poetry is considered the finest in
Pashto literature and his message still relevant. His contemporary, Khushal Khan Khattak,
too, enriched Pashto literature by contributing dozens of books in poetry and prose.
However, Rahman Baba secured his place in literature with a single Diwan in Pashto. His 
Diwan is the all-time bestseller of Pashto literature.
 
Born in 1632in Bahadur village of Hazar Khwani near Peshawar, Rahman Baba acquired his
early education at his home town. He was from a Mohmand sub-tribe Ghoryakhel Pashtun.
 PUSHTO
 WEEK 8 The family had migrated from Ghazni in Afghanistan to the outskirts of Peshawar. The poet
Home
likely lived peacefully in the area as he never mentions his participation in the internecine
Tue, 06 Feb tribal conflicts of the day. For a while his family provided the village chief. Later, he moved
 to Kohat and then left for central India for further studies.
Subjects  ‫ رحمان بابا‬،‫خوشحال خان بابا‬

 ‫ رحمان بابا‬،‫خوشحال خان بابا‬

 An important factor in Rahman Baba’s universal fame is his unproblematic and fluent
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language. A literary scholar, a cleric, a politician and a lay reader can read his poetry with
equal ease and understand it.

Assign./Tests

Also, Rahman Baba’s themes are close to human life and experience. Advocating a peaceful
 and humane life, he requests people to do good deeds.
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
Live
Lectures (Make the area around you green and lush by sowing the seeds of flowers


Stats Refrain from planting the thorns that may prick your feet.


Leaderboard Don’t dig up a hole in the way of the people lest you should pass by it)


Notes Some critics view Rahman Baba as a sufi poet, writing essentially about his inner self.
However, the fact is that he also had an eye on political and social injustices of his time. He
 had stood with the truth and spoken against injustice.
Bookmarks

 (The mystics and the chieftains could not coexist,

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Where is Aziz Khan (a tribal tyrant) and where is Sufi Abdurehman?)

Rahman Baba never allowed his poetry to be controversial. He is above national, ethnic
and geographical boundaries. This is evident from this couplet:

(I am just a staunch lover and this is my service;

By caste, I am neither Khalil nor Daudzai or Momand)

Rahman Baba’s poetry took the form of a self-styled school of thought that was pursued
not only by his contemporaries Younas Khyberi, Mahin Khalil, Mazullah Khan Momand,
Akhund Gadai and Najib Sarbindi, but also a large number of poets in the 18th, 19th and
20th centuries.

 Rahman Baba was a true lover of divine. Therefore, his message received the greatest
attention of the people. 

 PUSHTO
 WEEK 8
Home Born in 1632 in Bahadur village of Hazar Khwani near Peshawar, Rahman Baba acquired
his early education in his home town. Later, he moved to Kohat and then to central India
Tue, 06 Feb
 for further studies.
Subjects  ‫ رحمان بابا‬،‫خوشحال خان بابا‬ (What if a rich man is proud of his wealth, lovers take pride in the cheeks of their darlings.

 ‫ رحمان بابا‬،‫خوشحال خان بابا‬


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The joy that the rich derive from their wealth, mystics experience in their humble cloaks.


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The luxury that God provided to a lawn’s nightingale, butterflies get the same in the lap of
flames)

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In his latest book: Kra Katana au da haghay zghamal (Research and its digestion), Professor
 Obaidullah Darwesh Durrani states that Rahman Baba planted just a seedling of his poetry
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under the dense tree of Khushal Khan, but it grew and eventually obscured Khushal Khan’s
Lectures
distinguished poetry from many people. Durrani continues: “Rahman Baba’s underlying
paragon is not what he said but the impeccable way in which he said it.”

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Durrani argues that his poetry is full of Pashto proverbs. We know that proverbs travel

from house to house and people are more easily influenced by those than by books. For
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example;


Notes

 (Once the water passes through an egress (drain) in the field

Bookmarks

 It cannot be returned. As well as, no one could inspire life into a dead by weeping)
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Professor Taha Khan, a noted Pashto writer, states: “No poet is more reasonable than
Mirza Ghalib; no one is as well-informed as Dr Allama Iqbal; and the most skilful in Urdu is
Mir Anees. All these attributes come together in Rahman Baba at the same time. Rahman
Baba has adopted some unique genres in his poetry like of which is not to be found in
Eastern poetry.”

Several writers and poets have translated Rahman Baba’s Diwan into different languages
especially in English and Urdu. Mark Van Doren (1894-1972) has translated excerpts of his
poetry into English and has included it in his book [An anthology of world poetry] published
1928.

Henry George Racerty (1825-1906) has translated some select parts of Rahman Baba’s
poetry and included those in his book: A selection from the poetry of the Afghans
published in 1862. Jens Evald Enevoldsen (1907-1980) translated Diwan-i-Rahman into
English in 1977 titled: The nightingale of Peshawar.

Munshi Mohan Lal Dehlwi translated some eminent Ghazals of Baba into English in 1834.
Amir Hamza Shinwari translated Baba’s entire poetry into Urdu in 1963. Rahman Baba’s 
poetry has also been translated into Urdu by Professor Taha Khan. Altaf Parwaz, a famous
 Punjabi scholar, also translated Rahman Baba’s poems into Punjabi in 1989.


 PUSHTO According to Zalmi Hiwadmal, at least 38 manuscripts of Diwan-i-Rahman have been found
 WEEK 8
Home in the libraries of various countries. Nine of these manuscripts are in British library, eleven
in Indian libraries, four in the library of Leningrad, three in the French National Library and
Tue, 06 Feb
 11 in the National Archive of Afghanistan.
Subjects  ‫ رحمان بابا‬،‫خوشحال خان بابا‬

 ‫ رحمان بابا‬،‫خوشحال خان بابا‬


Quizzes
This humane poet left behind no legacy except a distinguished anthology that would keep
him alive till the day of resurrection.

Assign./Tests

Rahman Baba’s date of demise is unknown. He is believed to have been around in 1710
 AD. He was laid to rest in Hazarkhwani, Peshawar. Every year in March an Urs is celebrated
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by people of various school of thought. Poets and musicians flock to his shrine to pay
tributes by holding poetry recitations and Qawali festivals.

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