Domain names are human-readable addresses (e.g., www.example.
com) that are
translated into IP addresses by the Domain Name System (DNS), facilitating
communication between devices over the internet. IP addresses are numerical
labels assigned to devices, identifying them on a network. Protocols, such as the
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and the Internet Protocol (IP), define rules for
data transmission across networks. TCP ensures reliable data delivery through
error-checking and ordered transmission, while IP handles data routing between
devices.
Regarding Storm Fiber, a Pakistani internet service provider, specific internal
assignments of domain names, IP addresses, and protocol configurations are
proprietary and not publicly disclosed. However, general information about their
domain can be found through DNS inspection tools. For instance, a DNS report
indicates that Storm Fiber's domain utilizes two name servers:
aragorn.ns.cloudflare.com and elsa.ns.cloudflare.com, both hosted by Cloudflare.
DNS Inspect
For a comprehensive understanding of networking concepts, including domain
names, IP addresses, and protocols, you might find the "Networking and Cloud
Computing" lesson plan by the National Vocational and Technical Training
Commission (NAVTTC) of Pakistan useful. This document covers basic router
configuration, dynamic routing protocols, and site-to-site VPNs, among other
topics.
NVTTC
Additionally, the "Internet Protocols" lecture notes from the Technical University
of Munich provide an in-depth exploration of internet protocols, including
dynamic host configuration and address assignment.
TUM Net
These resources offer valuable insights into the principles and practices of
network administration and protocol management.
Domain Name and IP Address:
Domain Name: stormfiber.com
IP Address: The domain resolves to the IP address 175.107.192.57.
Hypestat
Hosting Details:
Location: Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan
Hosting Provider: Cyber Internet Services Pakistan (ASN: AS24440)
Associated Domain: www.stormfiber.com
IP info
Protocol Types: In July 2021, Storm Fiber announced the deployment of IPv6
across its network, enabling dual-stack support for both IPv4 and IPv6. This
transition addresses the exhaustion of IPv4 addresses and supports the growing
number of internet-connected devices.
INCPAK
For more detailed or specific information, consider reaching out directly to Storm
Fiber's customer support or visiting their official website.
Protocol Types:
StormFiber utilizes a range of standard internet protocols to deliver its services
effectively. These protocols operate across different layers of the OSI model,
ensuring efficient data transmission and communication.
1. Application Layer Protocols:
o HTTP/HTTPS: Used for web traffic, facilitating the transfer of
hypertext documents.
o SMTP, POP3, IMAP: Protocols for sending and receiving emails.
o FTP/SFTP: Employed for file transfers between client and server.
2. Transport Layer Protocols:
o TCP (Transmission Control Protocol): Ensures reliable, ordered, and
error-checked delivery of data.
o UDP (User Datagram Protocol): Offers a connectionless datagram
service, useful for applications needing fast transmission, such as
streaming.
3. Network Layer Protocols:
o IPv4 (Internet Protocol version 4): The fourth version of the Internet
Protocol, widely used to identify devices on a network through an
addressing system.
o IPv6 (Internet Protocol version 6): The most recent version, designed
to address IPv4 exhaustion and provide a larger address space.
In July 2021, StormFiber announced the deployment of IPv6 across its network,
enabling dual-stack support for both IPv4 and IPv6. This transition addresses the
exhaustion of IPv4 addresses and supports the growing number of internet-
connected devices.
IP Address Assignment:
While specific details about StormFiber's IP address assignment policies are not
publicly disclosed, Internet Service Providers (ISPs) typically allocate IP addresses
to customers using two primary methods:
1. Dynamic IP Addressing:
o DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol): Assigns IP addresses
to devices on a network dynamically, allowing for efficient
management of addresses.
2. Static IP Addressing:
o Manual Configuration: Provides a fixed IP address to a device, often
used for hosting servers or services requiring a consistent address.
For more detailed or specific information, consider reaching out directly to
StormFiber's customer support or visiting their official website.
