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Antipyretics

Antipyretics are substances that reduce fever by acting against the body's thermostatic mechanism, which is set higher during infection due to pyrogens. They are classified into nonselective CoX inhibitors, preferential and selective CoX-2 inhibitors, and analgesics with poor anti-inflammatory action. Their mechanism involves inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis in the brain and enhancing heat dissipation without affecting inflammation processes.

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90 views7 pages

Antipyretics

Antipyretics are substances that reduce fever by acting against the body's thermostatic mechanism, which is set higher during infection due to pyrogens. They are classified into nonselective CoX inhibitors, preferential and selective CoX-2 inhibitors, and analgesics with poor anti-inflammatory action. Their mechanism involves inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis in the brain and enhancing heat dissipation without affecting inflammation processes.

Uploaded by

Sadeeda Sultana
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Antipyretics

• Anti means against


• Pyretic means feverish
• Antipyretics are substances which reduce
fever
• In fever the thermostatic mechanism is set at
a higher level.
• Fever during infection is produced through
the generation of pyrogens including
Interleukins, TnF α, interferons, which induce
PGE 2 production level in hypothalamus and
raise its temperature set level
Classification
• Antipyretic – analgesics are classified as
• a. Nonselective CoX inhibitors( traditional NSAIDS)
• 1, Salicylates- Aspirin
• 2, Propionic acid derivatives- ibuprofen, Ketoprofen
• Anthranilic acid derivatives- Mephenamic acid
• Aryl- acetic acid derivatives- Diclophenac
• 5, Oxicam derivatives- Piroxicam
• Pyrrolo-pyrrole derivatives- Ketorolac
• Indole derivative- Indomethacin
• Pyrozolone derivatives- Phenyl butazone
• b. Preferential Cox-2 inhibitors – Nimesulide
• c. Selective Cox-2 inhibitors- Celecoxib
• d. Analgesic – antipyretic with poor anti
inflammatory action-
1- para aminophenol derivative-
Paracetamol(Acetaminophen)
2. Pyrazolone derivative- Metamizol
3. Benzoxazocine derivative-Nefopam
Mechanism of action
• Salicylates, paracetamol and other antipyretics act
by inhibiting brain PG (Prostaglandin)synthesis
and release.
• They increase heat dissipation by cutaneous
vasodilatation, accompanying sweating assists
reduction of body temperature.
• They do not affect the pathological processes of
inflammation
• NSAIDS (NONSTEROIDAL ANTIINFLAMMATORY
DRUGS ) – in infection they reduce body
temperature by blocking the action of
pyrogens like Interleukins, TNF α and
interferons

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