Direct Current Circuits - Mark Scheme
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insherakayaniDirect Current Circuits - Mark Scheme
Uploaded by
insherakayaniMark schemes – Direct current circuits
Q1.
(a) (i) (use of V=Ir)
V= 4.2 × 1.5 = 6.3 (V)
1
(ii) pd = 12 − 6.3 = 5.7 V
NO CE from (i)
1
(iii) (use of I = V / R)
I = 5.7 / 2.0 = 2.8(5) A
CE from (ii)
(a(ii)/2.0)
accept 2.8 or 2.9
1
(iv) I = 4.2 – 2.85 = 1.3(5) A
CE from (iii)
(4.2 −(a)(iii))
accept 1.3 or 1.4
1
(v) R= 5.7 / 1.35 =4.2 Ω
CE from (iv)
(a(ii) / (a)(iv))
Accept range 4.4 to 4.1
1
(vi)
CE from (a)(v)
Rparallel = 1.35 Ω
second mark for adding internal resistance
Rtotal = 1.35 + 1.5 = 2.85 Ω
OR
R = 12/4.2
R= 2.85 Ω
2
(b) (i)
resistor Rate of energy dissipation (W)
1.5 Ω internal resistance 4.2 2 × 1.5 = 26.5
2.0 Ω 2.85 2 × 2.0 = 16.2 (15.68 − 16.82)
R 1.352 × 4.2 = 7.7 (7.1 − 8.2)
CE from answers in (a) but not for first value
2.0: a(iii)2×2
R: a(iv)2×a(v)
3
(ii) energy provided by cell per second = 12 × 4.2 = 50.4 (W)
energy dissipated in resistors per second = 26.5 + 16.2 + 7.7 = 50.4
(hence energy input per second equals energy output)
if not equal can score second mark if an appropriate
comment
2
Q2.
(a) emf is the work done / energy transferred by a voltage source / battery / cell ✓per
unit charge✓
OR
electrical energy transferred / converted / delivered / produced✓
per unit charge✓
OR
pd across terminals when no current flowing / open circuit✓✓
not in battery
accept word equation OR symbol equation with symbols
defined if done then must explain energy / work in equation
for first mark
2
(b) (i) by altering the (variable) resistor✓
1
(ii) reference to correct internal resistance✓
e.g. resistance of potato (cell)
terminal pd = emf ߜ pd across internal resistance / lost volts✓
pd / lost volts increases as current increases OR as (variable)
resistance decreases greater proportion / share of emf across internal
resistance✓
accept voltage for pd
3
(iii) draws best fit straight line and attempts to use gradient✓
uses triangle with base at least 6 cm✓
value in range 2600 ‒ 2800 (Ω)✓
3
stand-alone last mark
(c) total emf is above 1.6 V✓
but will not work as current not high enough / less than 20 mA✓
2
Q3.
(a) (i) (use of V = IR)
Rtotal = 1 (ohm)
V = 1 × 1 = 1.0 V
2
(ii) (use of V = IR)
R = 9.0/1.0 = 9.0 Ω
r = 9.0 − 1.0 − 6.0 = 2.0 Ω
or use of (E = I(R + r))
9.0 = 1(7 + r)
r = 9.0 − 7.0 = 2.0 Ω
2
(iii) (use of W = Vlt)
W = 9.0 × 1.0 × 5 × 60
W = 2700 J
2
(iv) energy dissipated in internal resistance = 12 × 2.0 × 5 × 60 = 600 (J)
percentage = 100 × 600/2700 = 22% CE from part aii
2
(b) internal resistance limits current
hence can provide higher current
or energy wasted in internal resistance/battery
less energy wasted (with lower internal resistance)
or charges quicker
as current higher or less energy wasted
or (lower internal resistance) means higher terminal pd/voltage
as less pd across internal resistance or mention of lost volts
2
[10]
Q4.
(a) (i) (use of I = V / R)
first mark for adding resistance values 90 k Ω
I = 6.0 / (50 000 + 35 000 + 5000) = 6.7 × 10−5A
accept 7 × 10−5 or dotted 6 × 10−5
but not 7.0 × 10 −5 and not 6.6 × 10 −5
2
(ii) V = 6.7 × 10−5 × 5000 = 0.33 (0.33 − 0.35) V
OR
V = 5 / 90 × 6 = 0.33( V)
CE from (i)
BALD answer full credit
0.3 OK and dotted 0.3
2
(b) resistance of LDR decreases
need first mark before can qualify for second
reading increase because greater proportion / share of the voltage across R OR
higher current
2
(c) I = 0.75 / 5000 = 1.5 × 10−4 (A)
(pd across LDR = 0.75 (V))
pd across variable resistor = 6.0 − 0.75 − 0.75 = 4.5 (V)
R = 4.5 / 1.5 × 10−4 = 30 000 Ω
or
I = 0.75 / 5000 = 1.5 × 10−4 (A)
RtotalI = 6.0 / 1.5 × 10−4 = 40 000 Ω
R = 40 000 − 5000 − 5000 = 30 000 Ω
3
[9]
Q5.
(a) more charge carriers available B1
(internal) energy used to liberate electrons B1
more electrons is more significant than additional vibration
of lattice ions B1
3
(b) (i) (resistance of LDR is) 400 (Ω) seen – may be on
diagram C1
their 400 + 150 seen C1
2.45 or 2.5 V A1
3
(ii) reduces resistance of LDR/correct example data from
graph B1
increase share of voltage taken by variable resistor
(owtte) B1
2
