CAPTAIN CODE

2023
NEC Code Changes
®

Includes Expert Commentary on

Over 80 Code Changes

This Guide Contains Licensed NEC Text

Introduction
NFPA 70®, also known as The National Electrical
Code® (herein after “NEC®”) and the contents of this
Pocket Guide are intended for qualified electrical
and low-voltage professionals with an existing
understanding of electrical theory, terminology and
safety practices. This includes electrical inspectors,
electrical contractors, electrical engineers and other
similarly qualified professionals. This Pocket Guide
is intended to be used with the National Electrical
Code and not as a replacement for it. Obtain the
2023 NEC® to ensure compliance.

Protected Content in this Pocket Guide.

All of the text and illustrations contained in this Pocket Guide are
protected by copyrights and licensing agreements and solely owned
by Grayboy Inc., the National Fire Protection Association® (NFPA®) and
Leviton Manufacturing Co., Inc. (“Leviton”). Use of any content within
this Pocket Guide is expressly prohibited for any reason including print
or electronic applications.

Source of the Expert Analysis and Illustrations used in this

Pocket Guide
The Expert Analysis found in this publication is copyrighted property of
Grayboy Inc. This Pocket Guide does not contain the complete Grayboy
analysis of the 2023 NEC® which can only be found in the full printed
Grayboy “Analysis of Changes” text book. Grayboy did not produce the
Leviton Pocket Guide and assumes no responsibility for the application
or use of any NEC® related material set out herein.

Use of NEC® Text

Material taken from the National Electrical Code® is reprinted with
permission from NFPA 70® - 2023 edition, National Electrical Code®,
Copyright 2022, National Fire Protection Association®, Quincy, MA.
All rights reserved. This material is not the complete and official position
of the NFPA on the reference subject, which is represented only by the
standard in its entirety a copy of which can be obtained through the
NFPA web site at www.nfpa.org.
National Electrical Code®, NEC® and NFPA 70® are registered trademarks of the
National Fire Protection Association®, 1 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA 02169
The National Fire Protection Association did not produce, review or approve this
book and assumes no responsibility for the application or use of any NEC® related
material set out herein.
Leviton, the Leviton logo, Decora®, Decora Smart™, SmartlockPro®, Wetguard®,
Opt-X®, e2HXD®, and Lightspace® are trademarks of Leviton Manufacturing Co., Inc.

3
 Scope, Purpose and Cautions
This Guide was developed to illustrate the primary changes to
the 2023 NEC when compared to the 2020 NEC®. This enables
electrical and low-voltage professionals to keep informed and
stay in Code compliance from one Code cycle to the next.
Articles covered primarily relate to Wiring Devices,
Over-Current Protection and Communications Systems with
limited discussion of Raceways, Wires, Luminaries, Emerging
Markets and other mainstream requirements.
Note: Leviton Manufacturing Company assumes no responsibility for
interpretation or application of this publication and its contents.

Text Legend
Category Color/Style
Summary of Change Standard black text
Actual NEC® Text from NFPA 70 Serif-style font within
green box
Expert Analysis Standard black text
New NEC® Text for 2023 Shaded serif-style font
within green box
Previous 2020 NEC® Text Crossed-out text
Removed for 2023
Leviton Commentary Insights from Leviton
Manufacturing are in
green text
Leviton Solutions Leviton solutions which
address applicable code
articles are in blue text

Vertical Market Legend

Global Healthcare
(Applies to
all applications)

Agricultural Hospitality

Commercial &
Institutional
Industrial

Education Recreational

Entertainment Residential

Vertical market icons appear to help identify and categorize

specific code changes

4
Table of Contents
Vertical Code Subject Page
Market Article Description Number

100 All Definitions in NEC Now Found 11

in Article 100
100 Definition - Class 4 Circuits 11

110.21 Reconditioned Equipment 12

(A)(2)
110.26 Spaces Around 12
Electrical Equipment
110.29 “Within Sight” Defined 13
and Clarified
210.8(A) GFCI Requirements in Dwelling Unit 14
(6)(7) Kitchens Modified and Expanded
210.8(B) GFCI Requirements in 16
(2)(3) Non-Dwelling Unit Kitchens
(4)(7) Modified and Expanded
210.8(B) GFCI Protection for Non-Dwelling 18
(13) Aquariums and Bait Wells
210.8(D) GFCI Protection for 19
Specific Appliances
210.8(F) Dwelling Unit Outdoor Outlets 20

210.11 Dwelling Unit Garage 22

(C)(4) Branch Circuits
210.12(D) Arc-Fault Requirements Expanded 23
in Fire, Police, Ranger Stations
210.17 Branch Circuit Requirements - 25
Hotel/Motels and Assisted
Living Facilities
210.23(A)

10 Amp Branch Circuits 26

210.24

210.52(C) Receptacle Requirements for 30

Islands and Peninsulas
210.52(G) Receptacle Requirements in 33
Residential Basements, Garages,
Accessory Buildings
210.70 Limitations on Battery Powered 33
(A)(1) Light Switches and Laundry
Area Switch

5
 Table of Contents
Vertical Code Subject Page
Market Article Description Number

210.70 Lighting Outlet Locations 36

(A)(2) and Limitations
215.15 Barriers in Electrical Equipment 38

215.18 Surge Protection 39

(A)-(E) Requirements Expanded

220.53
EVSE Demand Factor Calculations 43
220.57

220.70 Energy Management 45

Systems (EMS)

225.41 Emergency Disconnects - 1 and 2 46

(A)(B)(C) Family Homes

225.42
(A)-(E) Surge Protection
39
230.67 Requirements Expanded
(A)-(E)
230.85 Emergency Disconnects - 1 and 2 48
(A)-(E) Family Homes

240.2 Reconditioned Equipment - 53

GFCI, Fuseholders, Breakers,
Relays, CT's
240.4 10 Amp Circuits - 26
(D)(3) Overcurrent Protection

240.24(E) Overcurrent Devices Not 55

Permitted in Locker Rooms

245 Overcurrent Protection for 57

Systems Rated Over 1000 Volts
ac, 1500 Volts dc
300.14 Clarification of 6” Out of Box 59
Conductor Rule… Spliced
or Unspliced?

6
Table of Contents
Vertical Code Subject Page
Market Article Description Number

305 General Requirements for Systems 57

Rated Over 1000 Volts ac,
1500 Volts dc
310.3 10 Amp Branch Circuits - 26
(A)(B) Conductors

312.10

Screws Protruding Into Boxes -

60
314.5 How Much is Allowable

314.24 Box Depth/Conductor Clearance 62

(B)(C) From Devices - Rear and Side Entry

334.15(B)

Protecting Conductors -
65
334.19 Bushings and Sheath Length

404.14(D) Switches with Push-in Terminals & 66

Allowances for Aluminum Wire

404.16(A) Reconditioned Equipment - 53

(B)(C)(D) Switches/Dimmers

406.2 Reconditioned Equipment - 53

Receptacles, Plugs, Connectors

406.3(D) Receptacles with Push-in 66

Terminals - Allowances for
Aluminum Wire
406.4(G) Protecting Floor Receptacles and 68
GFCI Required if Located Food
Court or Transportation Areas
406.6(D) Restrictions on Wallplates with 69
USB or Nightlight

406.9 While-in-Use Cover Requirements 71

(A)(B)

7
 Table of Contents
Vertical Code Subject Page
Market Article Description Number

406.9(C) Space Around Shower Stalls 73

and Bathtub

406.12 Tamper Resistant 75

Requirements Expanded

409.70 Surge Protection for Safety 77

Circuits in Industrial Control Panels

410.71 Disconnecting Means for 78

Double-Ended Fluorescent or
LED Lamps
411.3 Voltage Limitations on 79
Low-Voltage Lighting

422.18(B) Locating Paddle Fans in Bathrooms 80

424.48 Requirements for Heating 81

Cables in Walls

430.6(A) Sizing Conductors and 82

Switches for Motors

440.11 AC/Refrigeration Disconnect 84

Requires Lock or Tool to Access

445.18 Generator Disconnect – 85

(A)(B) Parallel Installations and Location

445.19 Emergency Shutdown of 87

(B)(C) Generator Prime Mover

495 Equipment Over 1000 Volts ac, 88

1500 Volts dc

530 Motion Picture and Television 90

Studios and Remote Locations

551.71 Receptacle Requirements at 91

(A)(B)(C)(F) RV Parks

555.4 Service Equipment Location for 93

a Floating Structure

555.14 Equipotential Planes and Bonding 94

(A)(B) of Equipotential Planes in Marinas

555.15 Replacement of Electrical 96

Equipment at Marinas

555.36(C) Emergency Disconnect for Shore 97

Power on Docks

8
Table of Contents
Vertical Code Subject Page
Market Article Description Number

625.40 Electric Vehicle Branch Circuit 98

625.42 Sizing EVSE Load According to 98

(A)(B) Energy Management System

625.43 EVSE Disconnecting Means 98

625.49 Bi-Directional EVSE Power – 101

“Island Mode”

630.8 GFCI Protection for Receptacles 102

Used for Hand Tools in
Welding Areas
680.5 GFCI and SPGFCI for Swimming 102
(A)(B)(C) Pools and Similar Installations

680.10 Incorporating Heat Pumps 104

Into Swimming Pool
Circulation Equipment

680.12(B) GFCI Protected Receptacle 106

Required in Pool Equipment Room

680.22 GFCI Requirements Around Pool 107

(A)(4) and Similar Areas Expanded

700.3(A) Commissioning of 108

Emergency Systems

700.11(A) Wiring, Class-2 Powered 109

(B)(C)(D) Emergency Lighting Systems

706.7(A) Commissioning of Energy 108

Storage Systems

722 Cables for Power-Limited Circuits 112

and Fault-Managed Power Circuits

724 Class 1 Power-Limited 112

Circuits and Remote
Control & Signaling Circuits
726 Class 4 Fault Managed 112
Power Systems

800.3(H) Grounding of Metal Shields of 117

Communications Cables

9
Revision
100 Definitions
Change Summary
• All definitions will now be located in Article 100.
In previous code cycles, definitions could be found
throughout the code. In addition, and as a result,
the subdivisions within Articles were removed.
Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

100 Definitions
Part I. General.
Part II. Over 1000 Volts, Nominal.
Part III. Hazardous (Classified) Locations. (CMP14)

Expert Analysis
A revision has been made to the scope of Article 100
and modified by removing language for those terms
used in two or more articles.
This revision now requires all definitions in one location
and the changes to the scope reflect these changes.

New
100 Definition – Class 4 Circuits
Change Summary
• Definition of Class 4 circuits has been added to
the NEC. Class 4 circuits are new, and the definition
correlates with new article 726 – Class 4 Power Systems.
Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

100 Definitions
Class 4 Circuit. The portion of the wiring system between
the load side of a Class 4 transmitter and the Class 4 receiver
or Class 4 utilization equipment, as appropriate. Due to the
active monitoring and control of the voltage and current
provided, a Class 4 circuit considers safety from a fire
initiation standpoint and provides acceptable protection from
electric shock. (726) (CMP-3)
Informational Note: A Class 4 circuit is also commonly referred to
as a fault-managed power circuit.

Expert Analysis
The NEC previously addressed Class 1, 2 and 3 Power
systems and now the new Class 4 Power System.
There is more info given in the NEC to include Cass 4
continued on page 12
11
 continued from page 11

Devices, Receivers, Transmitters, etc. If you are involved

in this work, please reference Article 726 in this guide
and the actual NEC 70.

Revision
110.21(A)(2) Reconditioned Equipment
Leviton Comment: Article 110.21(A)(2) is covered with
Article 240.2 found on page 53

Revision
110.26 Spaces About
Electrical Equipment
Change Summary
• Revision made to ensure ample space
around equipment.
Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

Article 110 General Requirements for Electrical

Installations
110.26 Spaces About Electrical Equipment.
Working space, and access to and egress from working
space, shall be provided and maintained about all electrical
equipment to permit ready and safe operation and
maintenance of such equipment. Open equipment doors shall
not impede access to and egress from the working space.
Access or egress is impeded if one or more simultaneously
opened equipment doors restrict working space access to be
less than 610 mm (24 in.) wide and 2.0 m (6-1/2 ft) high.

Expert Analysis
A revision has been made to clarify that the requirements
in 110.26(A)(2)(b) be relocated to 110.26, due to the fact
12
that it relates to more than just working space width.
This revision also clarifies the condition caused by open
equipment door(s) which would impede access to and
egress from the working space.

New and Revision

110.29 “Within Sight” Defined
and Clarified
Change Summary
• The term “Within Sight” has been used many times
previously in the NEC. Now the term has been defined
and clarified as being within a distance of not more
than 50 feet from the equipment it serves.
Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

Article 110 General Requirements for Electrical

Installations
110.29 In Sight From (Within Sight From, Within Sight).
Where this Code specifies that one equipment shall be
“in sight from,” “within sight from,” or “within sight of”
another equipment, the specified equipment shall be visible
and not more than 15 m (50 ft) distant from the other.

Expert Analysis
A new section has been added to address the
requirements for “in sight from” for general use
throughout the National Electrical Code.

13
 Revision
210.8(A)(6)(7) GFCI Requirements in
Dwelling Unit Kitchens Modified
and Expanded
Change Summary
• The GFCI requirements for receptacles in kitchens
expanded to include all 125 – 250V receptacles
150V to ground or less, not just those that serve
countertop surfaces.
Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

Article 210 Branch Circuits Not Over 1000 Volts ac,

1500 Volts dc, Nominal
210.8 Ground-Fault Circuit-Interrupter Protection for
Personnel.
(A) Dwelling Units.
(6) Kitchens – where the receptacles are installed to serve
the countertop surfaces
(7) Areas with sinks and permanent provisions for food
preparation, beverage preparation, or cooking

Expert Analysis
A revision has been made to clarify that GFCI protection
is required for all 125 through 250 Volt receptacles
supplied by circuits rated 150 volts to ground or less in
the kitchen, regardless of whether the receptacle serves
the countertop. The CPSC database demonstrates 104
electrocutions from 2011-2020, of which 81 percent
were working on an appliance or other type of appliance
or equipment. GFCI protection can be provided to provide
protection for those who are working on cord-and-plug
appliances and/or cord-and-plug-connected equipment.
Electrical hazards are not just due to the proximity of the
appliance to water. These appliances and equipment
have both the power supply and the grounded frame
to complete the current path, creating the hazard to
the individual.

continued on page 16
14
 continued from page 14

Leviton Solution
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by Code, USB receptacles are
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SmartlockPro® Self-Test GFCI
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• SAFE — Delivers continuous ground
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self-tests to ensure it can respond Cat. No.
GUAC1-W
to a ground fault
• FAST CHARGING — Smart chip technology provides
over 2X the charging power of other GFCI USB outlets
for a faster charge
• SIMPLE — GFCI status indicator light provides simple,
intuitive feedback
• INSTALL — Requires extra deep wallbox for installation

Revision/New
210.8(B)(2)(3)(4) and (7) GFCI
Requirements in Non-Dwelling Kitchens
Modified and Expanded
Change Summary
The GFCI requirements for receptacles in non-dwelling
kitchens were expanded
• The definition of kitchen clarified to include
“beverage preparation”
• Buffets are addressed and require GFCI protection
• Cord-and-Plug appliances need GFCI protection

16
 Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

Article 210 Branch Circuits Not Over 1000 Volts ac,

1500 Volts dc, Nominal
210.8 Ground-Fault Circuit-Interrupter Protection
for Personnel.
(B) Other Than Dwelling Units.
(2) Kitchens – or areas with a sink and permanent provisions
for either food preparation or cooking
(3) Areas with sinks and permanent provisions for food
preparation, beverage preparation, or cooking
(4) Buffet serving areas with permanent provisions for food
serving, beverage serving, or cooking
(7) Sinks where receptacles or cord-and-plug connected
fixed or stationary appliances are installed within 1.8 m (6ft)
from the top inside edge of the bowl of the sink

Expert Analysis
Revisions have been made to clarify several points on
GFCI protection in non-dwelling kitchens:
In non-dwelling kitchens, GFCI protection is required for
all 125 through 250 Volt receptacles supplied by single
phase 50 A or less circuits rated 150 volts to ground or
less, and 3-Phase 100 A or less.
The text in (3) closely parallels the definition of a kitchen,
but the words “beverage preparation” has been added.
This prevents locations like coffee and ice cream shops
from avoiding GFCI requirements.
In (4) the NEC addresses buffet serving areas which are
popular and previously not directly addressed in the NEC.
Lastly, in (7) text was added to include cord-and-plug
appliances. The NEC makes it clear that they want GFCI
protection in the kitchen.

17
 New
210.8(B)(13) GFCI Protection for
Non-Dwelling Aquariums and Bait Wells
Change Summary
• The GFCI requirements for receptacles within 6 ft of
fish tanks and bit wells.
Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

Article 210 Branch Circuits Not Over 1000 Volts ac,

1500 Volts dc, Nominal
210.8 Ground-Fault Circuit-Interrupter Protection
for Personnel.
(B) Other Than Dwelling Units.
(13) Aquariums, bait wells, and similar open aquatic vessels
or containers, such as tanks or bowls, where receptacles are
installed within 1.8 m (6 ft.) from the top inside edge or rim
or from the conductive support framing of the vessel
or container

Expert Analysis
A new list item has been added to clarify aquariums, bait
wells, and similar open aquatic vessels or containers,
such as tanks or bowls, where receptacles are installed
within 6 ft (1.8 m) from the top inside edge or rim or
from the conductive support framing of the vessel or
container, in other than dwelling units, are required to
have GFCI protection for personnel. A significant shock
and electrocution hazard exists in other than dwelling
occupancies where aquariums or live bait wells are
located near receptacle outlets. This hazard is very
similar to receptacles within 6 ft (1.8 m) of a sink,
bathtubs or shower stalls which are all required to be
GFCI protected.

Leviton Solution
For wet or damp environments Leviton recommends the
Weather-Resistant (WR) SmartlockPro GFCI
18
Available in 15 or 20 Amp, 125 volt, features self-test
circuitry and slim design. For Residential/Commercial
applications, back and side wired.
• Weather-resistant with stainless steel
strap and screws, cold impact resistant
face and button
• SAFE — Delivers continuous ground
fault protection
• SELF TESTING — Automatically self-tests
to ensure it can respond to ground fault
• SIMPLE — Status indicator light
Cat. No.
provides simple, intuitive feedback GFRW2-W

New
210.8(D) GFCI Protection for
Specific Appliances
Change Summary
• GFCI protection is required for the branch circuit or
outlets supplying appliances. The appliances are put
in list format.
Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

Article 210 Branch Circuits Not Over 1000 Volts ac, 1500
Volts dc, Nominal
210.8 Ground-Fault Circuit-Interrupter Protection
for Personnel.
(D) Specific Appliances. GFCI protection shall be provided
for the branch circuit or outlet supplying the following
appliances rated 150 volts or less to ground and 60 amperes
or less, single- or 3-phase:
(1) Automotive vacuum machines
(2) Drinking water coolers and bottle fill stations
(3) High-pressure spray washing machines
(4) Tire inflation machines
(5) Vending machines
(6) Sump pumps
(7) Dishwashers
(8) Electric ranges
(9) Wall-mounted ovens
(10) Counter-mounted cooking units
(11) Clothes dryers
(12) Microwave ovens

Expert Analysis
A revision has been made to clarify that GFCI protection
continued on page 20
19
 continued from page 19

for specific appliances is located in the branch circuit

or outlet to provide protection for the listed appliances
regardless of vintage and whether or not GFCI protection
is included in the appliance or in the cord. This revision
adds clarity to what specific appliances shall be required
to have GFCI protection and the methods the installer
can use to provide this GFCI protection.
Due to the nature of the hazard with these installations,
this requirement was placed in 210.8(D) to address all
outlets and not be limited to only receptacle outlets
found in 210.8(A).
Section 210.8(D) now includes new list items (8) through
(12), as these are sometimes hard wired to outlets and
would not be a part of the GFCI requirements found for
receptacles in laundry areas as part of 210.8(A) and
210.8(B). The shock hazard does not go away due to
hard wired versus cord-and-plug connected equipment.

Leviton Comment: This requirement largely parallels

and exceeds the requirements in 422.5(A) and (B).
The appliance list here in 210.8(D) seems to have come
from 422.5 (A) with list items (8) through (12) added.
Code making panels 2 and 4 could probably better
coordinate this text.

New
210.8(F) Dwelling Unit Outdoor Outlets
Change Summary
• The NEC has included Garages with below grade floors,
accessory buildings and boathouses in this article that
relates to outdoor outlets. An exception was added for
HVAC equipment with a Sept 2026 expiration date.

20
 Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

Article 210 Branch Circuits Not Over 1000 Volts ac,

1500 Volts dc, Nominal
210.8 Ground-Fault Circuit-Interrupter Protection
for Personnel.
(F) Outdoor Outlets. For dwellings, all outdoor outlets,
other than those covered in 210.8(A), Exception No. 1,
including outlets installed in the following locations, and
supplied by single-phase branch circuits rated 150 volts or
less to ground, 50 amperes or less, shall be provided with
GFCI protection:
(1) Garages that have floors located at or below grade level
(2) Accessory buildings
(3) Boathouses
If equipment supplied by an outlet covered under the
requirements of this section is replaced, the outlet shall be
supplied with GFCI protection.
Exception No. 1 GFCI Protection shall not be required on lighting outlets
other than those covered in 210.8(C)
Exception No. 2 GFCI Protection shall not be required for listed HVAC
equipment. This exception shall expire September 1, 2026

Expert Analysis
A revision has been made to clarify that all outdoor
outlets for dwellings, other than those covered in
210.8(A), Exception No. 1, including outlets installed in
garages that have floors located at or below grade level,
accessory building, or boathouses, are required to have
GFCI protection for personnel.

continued on page 22
21
 continued from page 21

Leviton Solution
The Leviton line of GFCI receptacles offer installation
advantages over the competition.
Slim Profile for Easier Installation
Leviton SmartlockPRO® GFCI outlets feature the slimmest profile on the market
for easy installation, every time.

Our GFCIs sit closer to the wallplate

for a polished appearance.

Extra room for new construction

and retrofit applications.

Only 1.026'' protrusion into wallbox.

New
210.11(C)(4) Dwelling Unit Garage
Branch Circuits
Change Summary
• Another code cycle, another subtle change to Article
210.11(C)(4). The NEC once again is trying to clarify
branch circuit and receptacle requirements in
residential garages.
Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

Article 210 Branch Circuits Not Over 1000 Volts ac,

1500 Volts dc, Nominal
210.11 Branch Circuits Required.
(C) Dwelling Units.
(4) Garage Branch Circuits. In addition to the number of
branch circuits required by other parts of this section, at least
one 120-volt, 20-ampere branch circuit shall be installed
to supply receptacle outlets, including those required by
210.52(G)(1) for attached garages and in detached garages
with electric power. This circuit shall have no other outlets.
Additional branch circuits rated 15 amperes or greater shall
be permitted to serve receptacle outlets other than those
required by 210.52(G)(1).
Exception No. 1: This circuit shall be permitted to supply outdoor
receptacle outlets.
Exception No. 2: Where the 20-ampere circuit supplies a single vehicle bay
garage, outlets for other equipment within the same garage shall be permitted
to be supplied in accordance with 210.23(A)(1) and (A)(2).

22
Expert Analysis
A revision has been made to clarify that the required
receptacle outlets from 210.52(G)(1) must be served
from at least one 120-volt, 20-ampere branch circuit,
and that this 20-ampere branch circuit is also permitted
to serve other receptacle outlets within the garage.
Other kinds of outlets within the garage or in other
space(s) not included by Exception 1 are prohibited from
being connected to the required 120-volt, 20-ampere
branch circuit. Additional text provides clarification
that receptacle outlets, other than those required by
210.52(G)(1), can be served by additional 120-volt
branch circuit(s) rated either 15- or 20-amperes.
A new Exception Number 2 was added to permit a single
bay garage to have all outlets within that garage to be
served by the required 120-volt, 20-ampere branch
circuit in accordance with 210.23(A)(1) or (A)(2). The
existing numbering of the exceptions is modified to
account for these changes.

New
210.12(D) Arc-Fault Requirements
Expanded in Fire, Police, Ranger Stations
and Similar Areas
Change Summary
• Arc-Fault requirements have been expanded to fire,
police, ambulance, and similar areas.
Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

Article 210 Branch Circuits Not Over 1000 Volts ac, 1500
Volts dc, Nominal
210.12 Arc-Fault Circuit-Interrupter Protection.
(D) Other Occupancies. All 120-volt, single-phase, 10-,
15-, and 20-ampere branch circuits supplying outlets or
devices installed in the following locations shall be
protected by any of the means described in 210.12(A)(1)
through (A)(6):
(1) Guest rooms and guest suites of hotels and motels
(2) Areas used exclusively as patient sleeping rooms in
nursing homes and limited-care facilities
(3) Areas designed for use exclusively as sleeping quarters

continued on page 24
23
 continued from page 23
Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

in fire stations, police stations, ambulance stations, rescue

stations, ranger stations, and similar locations.

Expert Analysis
A revision has been made to clarify that areas designed
for use exclusively as sleeping quarters in fire stations,
police stations, ambulance stations, rescue stations,
ranger stations, and similar locations are required to be
AFCI protected.
This new language addresses the ambiguity regarding
these sleeping locations that are not fully defined as
a dormitory unit but have the same electrical fire risk.
These locations present similar hazards regarding
electrical fires on these circuits.

Leviton Comment: Also note that 10 Amp circuits have

also been added to this article. Allowances for 10 Amp
circuits have been added throughout the NEC for 2023.
See article 210.23(A) for more on this.

Leviton Solution
Leviton offers AFCI receptacles and dual function AFCI/
GFCI receptacles. The SmartlockPro® Dual Function
AFCI/GFCI Receptacle offers protection both from
electrical fires that could result from arc-faults and
from electrical shock or electrocution due to ground
faults in one smart device.

An Industry First!

+ =

Arc-Fault Ground Fault

Dual Function SmartlockPro® AFCI/GFCI Receptacles help

protect against BOTH electrical fires and shocks

Through advanced technology, the SmartlockPro®

Dual Function AFCI/GFCI Receptacle helps protect
home and family by working to detect arc-fault and
ground fault hazards and, if detected, quickly cuts
off power to help avoid a potential fire or shock/
electrocution occurrence. The SmartlockPro® Dual

24
Function AFCI/GFCI Receptacle offers a National
Electrical Code® (NEC®) compliant option for AFCI/
GFCI protection in residential kitchens and laundry
areas for new construction, modifications/extensions
and replacement receptacles. It is also ideal as a
replacement for ungrounded receptacles, satisfying
NEC® requirements for both AFCI and GFCI protection.
Leviton’s AGTR1 is rated at 15-Amp, 125-Volt, 20-Amp
Feed-Through. It is Tamper-Resistant, back and side
wired and a self-grounding clip is included.

Revision/New
210.17 Branch Circuit Requirements -
Hotel/Motel and Assisted
Living Facilities
Change Summary
• Assisted living facilities added to list of places that
need to meet the same branch circuit requirements
as dwelling units.
Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

Article 210 Branch Circuits Not Over 1000 Volts ac,

1500 Volts dc, Nominal
210.17 Guest Rooms and Guest Suites.
Guest rooms and guest suites in the following occupancies
that are provided with permanent provisions for cooking
shall have branch circuits installed to meet the rules for
dwelling units:
(1) Hotels
(2) Motels
(3) Assisted living facilities
Informational Note No. 1: See 210.11(C)(2) and 210.52(F),
Exception No. 2, for information on laundry branch circuits and
receptacle outlets.
Informational Note No. 2: See NFPA 101-2021, Life Safety Code,
3.3.198.12 and A.3.3.198.12(5), for the definition of assisted
living facilities

Expert Analysis
A revision has been made to clarify that assisted living
facilities are now included in the list of occupancies,
where guest rooms and guest suites, have the
same branch circuit requirements as dwelling units.
The section was reformatted in a list to add clarity.
Informational Notes were added to provide appropriate
continued on page 26
25
 continued from page 25

guidance in the application of this section.

The revision was made to distinguish between facilities
that are equipped with or without permanent
cooking apparatus.

Revision/New
210.23(A)(1)(2), 210.24, 240.4(D)(3),
310.3 (A)(B) and 406.3(C)(D)
10 Amp Branch Circuits
Leviton Comment: Articles 210.23(A)(1)(2), 210.24,
240.4(D)(3), 310.3(A)&(B) and 406.3 (summarized here)
have been revised to include accommodations for
10 amp circuits and associated electrical apparatus.
The intent of the original submittal seemed to be to
enable the installer to realize cost savings through
the use of copper-clad aluminum wire on certain circuits
(primarily lighting and definitely not receptacles)
with limitations.
However, the NEC did NOT approve the use of 16 AWG
copper or 14 AWG copper-clad aluminum in Article
310.3(A) or the associated wire sizing table found at
210.24(2). Without the ability to use a smaller gauge
copper wire, or the same size copper-clad aluminum
wire, no real savings can be realized. Maybe the 2026
NEC will ease the limitation and further acknowledge
copper-clad aluminum and thus opening-up its
use to installers.
continued on page 28
26
 continued from page 26

There are additional places in the 2023 NEC where 10

Amp circuits and aluminum wire are added, however due
to space limitations in this guide we only cover these.
We think that this is adequate to convey the intent.

Change Summary
• The NEC is introducing text to recognize 10 Amp
circuits with limitations.
Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

Article 210 Branch Circuits Not Over 1000 Volts ac,

1500 Volts dc, Nominal
210.23 Permissible Loads, Multiple-Outlet Branch
Circuits. In no case shall the load exceed the branch-circuit
ampere rating. A branch circuit supplying two or more
outlets or receptacles shall supply only the loads specified
according to its size in accordance with 210.23(A) through
(E) and as summarized in 210.24.
(A) 10-Ampere Branch Circuits. A 10-ampere branch
circuit shall comply with the requirements of 210.23(A)(1)
and (A)(2).
(1) Loads Permitted for 10-Ampere Branch Circuits.
A 10-ampere branch circuit shall be permitted to supply one
or more of the following:
(1) Lighting outlets
(2) Dwelling unit exhaust fans on bathroom or laundry room
lighting circuits
(3) A gas fireplace unit supplied by an individual branch
circuit
(2) Loads Not Permitted for 10-Ampere Branch Circuits.
A 10-ampere branch circuit shall not supply any of the
following:
(1) Receptacle outlets
(2) Fixed appliances, except as permitted for individual
branch circuits
(3) Garage door openers
(4) Laundry equipment
210.24 Branch-Circuit Requirements — Summary.
The requirements for circuits that have two or more outlets
or receptacles, other than the receptacle circuits of 210.11(C)
(1), (C)(2), and (C)(3), are summarized in Table 210.24(1)
for copper conductors and Table 210.24(2) for aluminum
and copper-clad aluminum conductors. Table 210.24(1)
and Table 210.24(2) provide only a summary of minimum
requirements. See 210.19, 210.20, and 210.21 for the
specific requirements applying to branch circuits.
Article 240 Overcurrent Protection
240.4 Protection of Conductors.
(D) Small Conductors. Unless specifically permitted in
240.4(E) or (G), the overcurrent protection shall not exceed

28
 Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

that required by 240.4(D)(1) through (D)(8) after any

correction factors for ambient temperature and number of
conductors have been applied.
(3) 14 AWG Copper-Clad Aluminum. 10 amperes,
provided all the following conditions are met:
(1) Continuous loads do not exceed 8 amperes
(2) Overcurrent protection is provided by one of
the following:
a. Branch-circuit-rated circuit breakers are listed and marked
for use with 14 AWG copper-clad aluminum conductor.
b. Branch-circuit-rated fuses are listed and marked for use
with 14 AWG copper-clad aluminum conductor.
Article 310 Conductors for General Wiring
310.3 Conductors.
(A) Minimum Size of Conductors. The minimum size of
conductors for voltage ratings up to and including 2000 volts
shall be 14 AWG copper, 12 AWG copper-clad aluminum,
or 12 AWG aluminum, except as permitted elsewhere in this
Code.
(B) Conductor Material. Conductors in this article shall
be of copper, aluminum, or copper-clad aluminum, unless
otherwise specified. Aluminum and copper-clad aluminum
shall comply with the following; (see NEC text)

Article 406 Receptacles, Cord Connectors, and

Attachment Plugs (Caps)
406.3 Receptacle Rating and Type.
Leviton Note: See 406.3 later in this guide for complete text

Expert Analysis
A new subsection has been added to address the

continued on page 30
29
 continued from page 29

requirements for loads permitted and not permitted for

10-ampere branch circuits. The application of adopted
Energy Code(s) and energy efficiencies in general are
bringing forward the possible applications of 10-ampere
branch circuits for loads such as LED lighting and specific
equipment that are identified.
A new chart was added at 210.24(2) that identifies
appropriate aluminum and copper clad aluminum wire
sizing for specific circuit sizes.

Revison/New
210.52(C) Receptacle Requirements for
Islands and Peninsulas
Change Summary
• Rules for receptacles around countertops and
peninsulas have been modified and tightened.
The calculations used in previous code cycles are
gone and seemingly not mandatory.
Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

Article 210 Branch Circuits Not Over 1000 Volts ac,

1500 Volts dc, Nominal
210.52 Dwelling Unit Receptacle Outlets…
210.52(C) Countertops and Work Surfaces.
(2) Island and Peninsular Countertops and
Work Surfaces. Receptacle outlets, if installed to serve an
island or peninsular countertop or work surface, shall be
installed in accordance with 210.52(C)(3). if a receptacle
outlet is not provided to serve an island or peninsular
countertop or work surface, provisions shall be provided at
the island or peninsula for future addition of a receptacle
outlet to serve the island or peninsular countertop or
work surface.
(3) Receptacle Outlet Location. Receptacle outlets shall be
located in one or more of the following:
(1) On or above, but not more than 500mm (20 in.) above, a
countertop or work surface.
(2) In a countertop using receptacle outlet assemblies listed
for use in countertops
(3) In a work surface using receptacle outlet assemblies
listed for work surfaces or listed for use in countertops

Expert Analysis
A revision has been made to not require receptacles in
countertop or work surface areas, however if receptacle
outlets are not provided, provisions shall be made at the

30
island or peninsula, for future addition of a receptacle
outlet to serve the island or peninsular countertop or
work surface.
If receptacles are installed in countertop or work surface
areas, the receptacles must be listed for the purpose,
and they are not permitted to be installed on the sides
of the cabinet below the countertop.
The reason for not requiring receptacles in countertops
and work surfaces is due to the incidences of children
pulling on cords draped over the countertop and thus
pulling down hot cooking appliances on themselves.

Leviton Solution
When laying-out receptacle placement in countertop
areas, don’t forget to include USB receptacles. While
these USB receptacles are not listed as countertop
assemblies and thus don't comply with 210.52(C)
(3), they can be installed in backsplashes or walls
behind countertops. Today’s consumers demand these
convenient devices for charging smartphones and other
electronic equipment. Adapter-free charging eliminates
unsightly clutter contributing to a neat appearance on
countertops, Leviton’s USB Charger Devices feature a

USB Wall Charger Dual Type-C™

with Power Delivery
With up to 2X the charging power
(up to 30W*) of typical USB chargers,
30W our USB In-Wall Charger Dual Type-C™
Charge on with Power Delivery is the most
Single Port
advanced, powerful in-wall charger
on the market.
*On a single port

continued on page 32
31
 continued from page 31

smart chip that recognizes and optimizes the charging

power of your electronic devices for fast and efficient
charging. The latest offering incorporates “Type C” ports
which many newer phones call for. The Type C platform
gives increased power and faster charges.
Leviton USB devices are available in many configurations
and many colors and Hospital Grade.
Compare USB Wall Outlets/Chargers
USB Total Single Outlet USB Cable Wiring
Charger Charging Port Power Compatible
Power Charging
Power
GUAC1/GUAC2 4.8A 24W 12W 15A, 3.1, 3.0, Wire
SmartlockPro® 20A 2.0, 1.1 leads
Self-Test GFCI
Combination
Type A/C

GUSB1/GUSB2 15A, Wire

SmartlockPro® 20A leads
Self-Test GFCI
Combination Type A

T5636/T5836 6A 60W 60W Wire

60W Dual leads
Type-C with Power
Delivery (PD)

T5635/T5835 30W 30W Back

30W Dual and
Type-C with Power side
Delivery (PD) wiring

T5633/W5633/T5833 5.1A 25+W 15W Back

Type A/C, WR Type A/C and
side
wiring

T5632/T5832 3.6A 18W 12W Back

Dual Type A and
side
wiring

32
Revision
210.52(G) Receptacle Requirements in
Residential Basements, Garages, and
Accessory Buildings
Change Summary
• A receptacle installed for permanent premises
security system doesn’t count toward required
receptacle requirements for basements, garages,
and accessory buildings.
Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

Article 210 Branch Circuits Not Over 1000 Volts ac,

1500 Volts dc, Nominal
210.52 Dwelling Unit Receptacle Outlets.
(G) Basements, Garages, and Accessory Buildings.
For one- and two-family dwellings, and multifamily
dwellings, at least one receptacle outlet shall be installed in
the areas specified in 210.52(G)(1) through (G)(3).
These receptacles shall be in addition to receptacles
required for specific equipment. Receptacles supplying
only a permanently installed premises security system
shall not be considered as meeting these requirements.

Expert Analysis
A new sentence has been added to clarify that if a
receptacle was installed in these areas to serve a
premises security system, then that receptacle doesn’t
count as the required receptacle. It’s also worth pointing
out that receptacles are not required in detached
garages or accessory buildings if they do not have power.

Revision/New
210.70(A)(1) Limitations on Battery
Powered Light Switches and Laundry
Area Switch
Change Summary
• Battery powered light switches are allowed, but switch
can’t rely exclusively on battery unless it defaults to
the “ON” position upon battery failure.
Laundry rooms added to the list of rooms that are
required to have light switches.

continued on page 34
33
 continued from page 33
Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

Article 210 Branch Circuits Not Over 1000 Volts ac, 1500
Volts dc, Nominal
210.70 Lighting Outlets Required. Lighting outlets shall
be installed where specified in 210.70(A), (B), and (C).
The switch or wall-mounted control device shall not rely
exclusively on a battery unless a means is provided for
automatically energizing the lighting outlets upon
battery failure.
(A) Dwelling Units…
(1) Habitable Rooms, Kitchens, Laundry Areas, and
Bathrooms. At least one lighting outlet controlled by a
listed wall-mounted control device shall be installed in
every habitable room, kitchen, laundry area, and bathroom.
The wall-mounted control device shall be located near an
entrance to the room on a wall.
Exception No. 1: In other than kitchens, laundry areas, and bathrooms, one
or more receptacles controlled by a listed wall-mounted control device shall
be permitted in lieu of lighting outlets.
Exception No. 2: Lighting outlets shall be permitted to be controlled by
occupancy sensors that are (1) in addition to listed wall-mounted control
devices or (2) located at a customary wall switch location and equipped with
a manual override that will allow the sensor to function as a wall switch.

Expert Analysis
A new sentence has been added to clarify the need
to support illumination upon failure of a control device
powered exclusively by a battery to insure safe egress.
The failure mode of a battery powered device must
ensure illumination. The new sentence is included to
permit battery powered control where the lighting
outlets are automatically energized upon battery failure.
A revision has been made to clarify that laundry areas
be illuminated, as the use of these areas often result in
the occupant carrying clothing and baskets. The area
should also have a lighting means other than the options
provided by a switched receptacle.

continued on page 36
34
 continued from page 34

Leviton Note: The Leviton solution provided below

relates to Leviton’s current line of battery switches.
PLEASE NOTE that at the time this guide was printed
these devices DO NOT default to the “ON” position when
the battery dies.

Leviton Solution
How the Anywhere Companions Work

1 2 3

Install Decora Smart® Add the Anywhere Pair the Anywhere

2nd Gen Device Dimmer or Switch to any Companion to the 2nd
interior wall surface Gen Device to control the
same light

Choosing the Right Companion

The Anywhere Companions are intended to be used in wire-free 3-way
or multi-location applications. They must be paired with a
Decora Smart® Wi-Fi 2nd Gen Device in order to function.
The charts below identify which primary devices they can be used with.

DAWDC-1BW DAWSC-1BW
Decora Smart® Anywhere Decora Smart® Anywhere
Dimmer Companion Switch Companion

DAWDC Switch Companion use with DAWSC Switch Companion use with

Primary Dimmer D26HD, DN6HD*, Primary Switch D215S, DN15S*,

D23LP D2SCS, D215P

Primary Fan D24SF Primary Fan D24SF

Speed Control Speed Control

Primary Sensor D2MSD Primary Dimmer D26HD, DN6HD*,

(On/Off Only) D23LP
Primary Sensor D2MSD
Primary Outlet D215R

*Requires a MLWSB Decora Smart Wi-Fi Bridge to enable smart features

®

Revison/New
210.70(A)(2) Lighting Outlet Locations
and Limitations
Change Summary
• This article clarifies what areas require a light switch
and limitations on dimmer use.
36
 Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

Article 210 Branch Circuits Not Over 1000 Volts ac,

1500 Volts dc, Nominal
210.70 Lighting Outlets Required.
(A) Dwelling Units.
(2) Additional Locations.
Additional lighting outlets shall be installed in accordance
with the following:
(1) At least one lighting outlet controlled by a listed
wall-mounted control device shall be installed in hallways,
stairways, attached garages, detached garages, and accessory
buildings with electric power.
(2) For dwelling units, attached garages, and detached
garages with electric power, at least one exterior lighting
outlet controlled by a listed wall-mounted control device
shall be installed to provide illumination on the exterior
side of outdoor entrances or exits with grade-level access.
A vehicle door in a garage shall not be considered as an
outdoor entrance or exit.
Exception to (2): For an outdoor, grade bulkhead door with stairway access
to a sub-grade-level basement, the required lighting outlet that provides
illumination on the stairway steps shall be permitted to be located in the
basement interior within 1.5 m (5 ft) horizontally of the bottommost stairway
riser. This interior lighting outlet shall be permitted to be controlled by a
listed wall-mounted control device or by a unit switch of the interior luminaire
or interior lampholder.
(3) Where lighting outlets are installed for an interior
stairway with six or more risers between floor levels, there
shall be a listed wall-mounted control device at each floor
level and at each landing level that includes a stairway entry
to control the lighting outlets.
Exception to (1), (2), and (3): Remote, central, or automatic control of
lighting shall be permitted in hallways, in stairways, and at
outdoor entrances.
(4) Dimmer control of lighting outlets installed in
accordance with 210.70(A)(2)(3) shall not be permitted
unless the listed control devices can provide dimming
control to maximum brightness at each control location for
the interior stairway illumination.

continued on page 38
37
 continued from page 37

Expert Analysis
A revision has been made to clarify that accessory
structures are similar to attached and detached garages
and have been added to the list in Section 210.70(A)(2).
Requiring lighting in these areas enhances safety.
In addition, the exception to (2) recognizes bulkhead
doors with stairway access to basements. The NEC
clarifies that they want these steps illuminated and
controlled by a switch.

Leviton Solution
For dark, less traveled areas,
motion sensors can be a safe and
convenient option. In addition,
when using bulkhead doors
people are typically carrying
storage items. This also makes
motion sensors a good choice.
Features 180° PIR field of view,
automatic-on/off, single pole, 3-way or
multi-location (multi-way) when used
with DD0SR switch companions or Cat. No.
multi-sensor with two DOS15 sensors. DOS15-1LZ
Can be used to comply with 2019
California Title 24, Part 6 Vacancy
Control Device Requirements —
White with ivory and light almond faceplates included.
• CONVENIENT — turns lights on/off automatically based on motion
• EASY TO INSTALL — slim profile fits in most wallboxes
• FLEXIBLE — multi-sensor application where two sensors are needed
for the coverage area, such as an “L-shaped” room
• VERSATILE — for higher wattage fixtures and exhaust fan
• 600W LED/CFL, 1800W Inc/Halogen 1200VA ELV/MLV/FL,
1/2HP Motor, 15A Resistive

New
215.15 Barriers in Electrical Equipment
Change Summary
• New section requires barriers over uninsulated
ungrounded busbars or terminals that are exposed
in panelboards, switchgear, or motor control centers.
Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

Article 215 Feeders

215.15 Barriers.
Barriers shall be placed such that no energized uninsulated,
ungrounded busbar or terminal is exposed to inadvertent

38
 Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

contact by persons or maintenance equipment while

servicing load terminations in panelboards, switchboards,
switchgear, or motor control centers supplied by feeder
taps in 240.21(B) or transformer secondary conductors in
240.21(C) when the disconnecting device, to which the tap
conductors are terminated, is in the open position.

Expert Analysis
A new section has been added to clarify that barriers can
mitigate the potential for shock for personnel working on
electrical equipment. The new requirement for barriers
to provide protection against inadvertent contact mirrors
the requirements in 230.62(C).
This requirement is limited to panelboards, switchboards,
switchgear, or motor control centers supplied by feeder
taps in 240.21(B) or transformer secondary conductors
in 240.21(C). Where the tap rules are applied it is unlikely
that the source of supply to the overcurrent protective
device can be deenergized during maintenance and
other tasks. This revision ensures the exposed energized
parts on the line side of the overcurrent protective
device are protected against inadvertent contact.
When the disconnecting device to which the tap
conductors are terminated is in the open position,
the likelihood of contact with energized parts is
significantly reduced.

Revision/New
215.18(A)-(E), 225.42(A)-(E) and
230.67(A)-(E) Surge Protection
Requirements Expanded
Leviton Comment: This guides purpose is to simplify
and condense the NEC changes. In that spirit we have
merged Articles 215.18(A)-(E), 225.42(A)-(E) and
230.67(A)-(E). This was done because the text is almost
the same in each article. The text just resides in different
Articles of the NEC and while few words differ in (A),
the intent is the same. The broader significance of
these changes is the fact that dormitories, guest rooms
and nursing homes have been added to the list of places
that need surge protection.

continued on page 40
39
 continued from page 39

Change Summary
• Surge protection requirements have been expanded
to dormitories, guest rooms/suites of hotel/motels
and sleeping rooms of nursing homes and limited
care facilities.
Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

Articles: *215 Feeders;

*225 Outside Branch Circuits and Feeders;
*230 Services
215.18; 225.42; 230.67 Surge Protection.
(A) Surge-Protective Device. Where a feeder and all
services supplies any of the following, a surge-protective
device (SPD) shall be installed:
(1) Dwelling units
(2) Dormitory units
(3) Guest rooms and guest suites of hotels and motels
(4) Areas of nursing homes and limited-care facilities used
exclusively as patient sleeping rooms
(B) Location. The SPD shall be installed in or adjacent to
distribution and service equipment, connected to the load
side of the feeder, that contains branch circuit overcurrent
protective device(s) that supply the location specified in
215.18(A), 225.42(A) and 230.67(A).
Informational Note: Surge protection is most effective when
closest to the branch circuit. Surges can be generated from multiple
sources including, but not limited to, lightning, the electric utility, or
utilization equipment.
(C) Type. The SPD shall be a Type 1 or Type 2 SPD.
(D) Replacement. Where the distribution equipment
supplied by the feeder is replaced, all of the requirements of
this section shall apply.
(E) Ratings. SPDs shall have a nominal discharge current
rating (In) of not less than 10 kA.

Expert Analysis
A new section has been added to clarify the proper
protection of areas served by feeders and outside
branch circuits that are extended distances away from
services which can can result in limited surge protection.
The new section addresses the surge-protective device,
location, type, replacement, and ratings.
The current exception in 230.67 achieves the goals of
this exception by not requiring the surge-protective
device at the service when surge protection is provided
at each next level distribution equipment downstream
towards the load.
It’s also worth noting that the required SPD’s nominal
discharge rating must be at least 10 kA. This is a

continued on page 42
40
SURGE
PROTECTION
is required for
Safety Circuits
Protect valuable equipment
and electronics.

LEVITON.COM/
SURGE
 continued from page 40

new and significant change from the previous

2020 NEC language.

Leviton Solution
Type 2 Surge Protection Devices (SPDs) would typically
be the type of device most often associated with this
Code article. See Type 2 Below.
Here we have provided an explanation of the different levels of
surge protection and their applications:

Type 1 SPDs for the supply side of

service entrance.

Type 2 SPDs are typically service

entrance SPD panels or branch
circuit SPD panels that are
connected on the load side of
the service disconnect overcurrent
Surge Cat. No. Cat. No.
Breakers 51120 51110-SGR device (main service panel).

Type 3 SPDs are typically

surge receptacles or cord
connected point-of use
devices. Leviton offers a
complete assortment
in duplex and quad in many
Surge Receptacles styles and colors.
and Strips

Type 4 SPDs are component Type 5 SPDs Discrete component

assemblies consisting of one or surge suppressors connected
more Type 5 components by its leads or provided with an
together with a disconnect enclosure with mounting means
(integral or external) or a means and wiring terminations.
of complying with the limited
current tests in UL 1449.
Type 1 and Type 2 SPDs shunt external surges that originate from
utilities or disturbances outside the home or facility. Type 2 SPDs
can protect for both internal and external surges when located at
the branch. Type 3 SPDs can shunt surges that originated internally
within the home or facility. So a comprehensive strategy for surge
protection typically involves a Type 1 or Type 2 SPD and also a
Type 3 SPD at point of use.

42
Revision/New
220.53, 220.57
EVSE Demand Factor Calculations
Leviton Comment: This guides purpose is to simplify
and condense the NEC changes. In that spirit we have
merged Articles 220.53 and 220.57. This was done
because they both relate to load calculations for EVSE.
Placing both articles here in one passage hopefully
simplifies understanding to readers.

Change Summary
• As electric vehicles increase in popularity, guidelines
for installing supply equipment is critical. The two
articles below address the topic.
Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

220.53 Appliance Load — Dwelling Unit(s). Applying a

demand factor of 75 percent to the nameplate rating load of
four or more appliances rated 1⁄4 hp or greater, or 500 watts
or greater, that are fastened in place, and that are served by
the same feeder or service in a one-family, two-family, or
multifamily dwelling shall be permitted. This demand factor
shall not apply to the following:
(1) Household electric cooking equipment that is fastened
in place
(2) Clothes dryers
(3) Space heating equipment
(4) Air-conditioning equipment
(5) Electric vehicle supply equipment (EVSE)

220.57 Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment (EVSE) Load.

The EVSE load shall be calculated at either 7200 watts
(volt-amperes) or the nameplate rating of the equipment,
whichever is larger.

Leviton Comment: Since 220.57 above doesn’t

designate dwelling or non-dwelling, it would apply to
all locations.
Please also reference Articles 625 in this guide for
more on EVSE.

Expert Analysis
A revision has been made to clarify that electric vehicle
supply equipment (EVSE) shall not be included in the
fixed appliance load when performing calculations
for the appliance load in a one-family, two-family, or
multifamily dwelling.
continued on page 44
43
 continued from page 43

To do load calculations for EVSE, a new section has been

added that dictates that the load shall be calculated at
either 7200 watts (volt-amperes) or the nameplate
of the equipment, whichever is larger. The 7200 watt
(volt-amperes) minimum requirement is based on a
30 ampere, 240 volt, single-phase circuit.

Leviton Solution
Leviton offers EVSE for residential and commercial
applications. The unit below incorporates RFID
technology that restricts use to only those who have
the RFID card. This is great for apartment buildings to
control use by authorized tenants.
For residential applications
Compatible with My Leviton App, allowing you to control the whole home,
including electric vehicle charging, lighting and load center
For workplace and light commercial applications
All stations can activate optional access control, preventing unauthorized
use with RFID cards

EV Series Level 2 Charging Stations

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Optional RFID
Catalog #: EV800
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Optional RFID
Catalog #: EV32W
32 Amp, 208/240 VAC, 7.6 kW, 18' Cable,
Optional RFID, Wi-Fi, My Leviton Compatibility
J1772™
Catalog #: EV48W
48 Amp, 208/240 VAC, 11.6 kW, 18' Cable,
Optional RFID, Wi-Fi, My Leviton Compatibility
Catalog #: EV80W
80 Amp, 208/240 VAC, 19.2 kW,
18’ Cable, Optional RFID, Wi-Fi,
My Leviton Compatibility
Catalog #: ERFID
Additional RFID card
44
Revision/New
220.70
Energy Management Systems (EMS)
Change Summary
• New section classifies a single value equal to the
maximum ampere setpoint of the energy management
system shall be permitted to be used in load
calculations for the feeder or service.
Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

Article 220 Branch-Circuit, Feeder, and Service

Load Calculations
220.70 Energy Management Systems (EMSs). If an energy
management system (EMS) is used to limit the current to a
feeder or service in accordance with 750.30, a single value
equal to the maximum ampere setpoint of the EMS shall be
permitted to be used in load calculations for the feeder
or service.
The setpoint value of the EMS shall be considered a
continuous load for the purposes of load calculations.

Expert Analysis
A new section has been added to address the load
calculations of energy management systems that
is used to limit the current to a feeder or service in
accordance with 750.30. When performing the load
calculations, a single value equal to the maximum
ampere setpoint of the energy management system
shall be permitted to be used in load calculations for
the feeder or service.

Leviton Solution
The first step when managing energy is to measure
it and start a baseline. From there you can continually
monitor energy usage to evaluate effectiveness of
energy saving measures that you have undertaken.
Organizations can monitor, control, and manage energy

VerifEye® Submetering
Code Solution

continued on page 46
45
 continued from page 45

usage through submetering strategies, which track

energy usage and power consumption for individual
tenants, departments, and pieces of equipment or
other loads to account for their actual energy usage.
From tenant billing to energy measurement & verification
(M&V), Verifeye™ offers a seamless solution that enables
smart metering and simplifies the complexities of
monitoring energy usage, allocating energy costs and
billing tenants.

New
225.41(A)(B)(C) Emergency
Disconnects – 1 and 2 Family Homes
Change Summary
• The Code Making Panel (CMP) has accepted and
added requirements for designing and installing
outdoor emergency disconnects.
Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

Article 225 Outside Branch Circuits and Feeders

225.41 Emergency Disconnects. For one-and two-family
dwelling units, an emergency disconnecting means shall
be installed.
(A) General.
(1) Location. The disconnecting means shall be installed in
a readily accessible outdoor location on or within sight of
the dwelling unit.
(2) Rating. The disconnecting means shall have a short-
circuit current rating equal to or greater than the available
fault current.
(3) Grouping. If more than one disconnecting means is
provided, they shall be grouped.
(B) Identification of Other Isolation Disconnects.
Where equipment for isolation of other energy source
systems is not located adjacent to the emergency disconnect
required by this section, a plaque or directory identifying
the location of all equipment for isolation of other energy
sources shall be located adjacent to the disconnecting means
required by this section.
Informational Note: See 445.18, 480.7, 705.20, and 706.15 for
examples of other energy source system isolation means.
(C) Marking. The disconnecting means shall be marked as
EMERGENCY DISCONNECT.
Markings shall comply with 110.21(B) and all of
the following:
(1) The marking or labels shall be located on the outside
continued on page 48
46
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EVRGREEN
 continued from page 46
Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

front of the disconnect enclosure with red background and

white text.
(2) The letters shall be least 13 mm (1/2 in.) high.

Expert Analysis
A new section has been added to correlate with existing
requirements for service supplied dwelling units and
the revisions in 230.85. The new section will help first
responders and provide the ability to disconnect the
power to the dwelling without regard to whether it's a
feeder or service supplied.

Revision
225.42(A)-(E), 230.67(A)-(E) Surge
Protection Requirements Expanded
Leviton Comment: Articles 225.42(A)-(E) and
230.67(A)-(E) are covered with Article 215.18(A)-(E)
found on page 39

Revision
230.85(A)(B)(C)(D)(E) Emergency
Disconnects – 1 and 2 Family Homes
Change Summary
• A revision was made to clarify the location,
rating and grouping of the required residential
emergency disconnect.

continued on page 50
48
 continued from page 48
Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

Article 230 Services

230.85 Emergency Disconnects. For one- and two-family
dwelling units, an emergency disconnecting means shall
be installed.
(A) General.
(1) Location. The disconnecting means shall be installed in
a readily accessible outdoor location on or within sight of
the dwelling unit.
Exception: Where the requirements of 225.41 are met, this section shall
not apply.
(2) Rating. The disconnecting means shall have a short-
circuit current rating equal to or greater than the available
fault current.
(3) Grouping. If more than one disconnecting means is
provided, they shall be grouped.
(B) Disconnects. Each disconnect shall be one of
the following:
(1) Service disconnect
(2) A meter disconnect integral to the meter mounting
equipment not marked as suitable only for use as service
equipment installed in accordance with 230.82
(3) Other listed disconnect switch or circuit breaker that
is marked suitable for use as service equipment, but not
marked as suitable only for use as service equipment,
installed on the supply side of each service disconnect
Informational Note 1: Conductors between the emergency
disconnect and the service disconnect in 230.85(2) and 230.85(3)
are service conductors.
Informational Note 2: Equipment marked “Suitable only for
use as service equipment” includes the factory marking "Service
Disconnect".
(C) Replacement. Where service equipment is replaced, all
of the requirements of this section shall apply.
Exception: Where only meter sockets, service entrance conductors, or related
raceways and fittings are replaced, the requirements of this section shall
not apply.
(D) Identification of Other Isolation Disconnects. Where
equipment for isolation of other energy source systems is not
located adjacent to the emergency disconnect required by
this section, a plaque or directory identifying the location of
all equipment for isolation of other energy sources shall be
located adjacent to the disconnecting means required by
this section.
Informational Note: See 445.18, 480.7, 705.20, and 706.15 for
examples of other energy source system isolation means.
(E) Marking.
(1) Marking Text. The disconnecting means shall marked
as follows:
(1) Service disconnect
EMERGENCY DISCONNECT,
SERVICE DISCONNECT

50
 Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

(2) Meter disconnects installed in accordance with 230.82(3)

and marked as follows:
EMERGENCY DISCONNECT,
METER DISCONNECT,
NOT SERVICE EQUIPMENT
(3) Other listed disconnect switches or circuit breakers on
the supply side of each service disconnect that are marked
suitable for use as service equipment and marked as follows:
EMERGENCY DISCONNECT,
NOT SERVICE EQUIPMENT
(2) Marking Location and Size. Markings shall comply
with 110.21(B) and both of the following:
(1) The marking or labels shall be located on the outside
front of the disconnect enclosure with red background and
white text.
(2) The letters shall be at least 13 mm (1/2 in.) high.

Expert Analysis
A revision has been made to clarify the location, rating,
and grouping of an emergency disconnecting means for
one- and two-family dwelling units.
Clarification was given on the type of each emergency
disconnecting means for one- and two-family
dwelling units.
230.85(A)

230.85(B)

51
 Protect valuable
equipment and
electronics
Your last line of
defense in protection.

LEVITON.COM/
RECEPTACLEGRADES
Revision/New
110.21(A)(2), 240.2, 404.16(A)(B)(C)(D)
and 406.2 Reconditioned Equipment
Change Summary
• The NEC has changed and added to the list of what
types of electrical equipment can and can’t be
reconditioned throughout the Code. The equipment
identified here are the most commonly used in
everyday installations. Do to space constraints in
this guide, we did not list all of the less common
equipment but if reconditioning is your thing,
you may want to look to 410.2 (Lamps),
411.2 (Low Volt Lighting), 430.2 (Motors),
700.2 (Transfer Switches).
Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

110.21 Marking
(A) Equipment Markings.
(2) Reconditioned Equipment. Reconditioned equipment
shall be marked with the following:
(1) Name, trademark, or other descriptive marking of the
organization that performed the reconditioning
(2) The date of the reconditioning
(3) the term reconditioned or other approved wording or
symbol indicating that the equipment has been reconditioned.
The original listing mark shall be removed or made
permanently illegible. The equipment nameplate shall not
be required to be removed or made permanently illegible,
only the part of the nameplate that includes the listing mark
if applicable. Approval of the reconditioned equipment shall
not be based solely on the equipment’s original listing.
240.2 Reconditioned Equipment.
(A) Reconditioning Not Permitted. The following
equipment shall not be reconditioned:
(1) Equipment providing ground-fault protection of
equipment
(2) Ground-fault circuit interrupters
(3) Low-voltage fuseholders and low-voltage renewable
fuses
(4) Molded-case circuit breakers
(B) Reconditioning Permitted. The following equipment
shall be permitted to be reconditioned:
(1) Low-voltage power circuit breakers
(2) Electromechanical protective relays and
current transformers
Reconditioned equipment shall be listed as reconditioned
and comply with 110.21(A)(2).
continued on page 54
53
 continued from page 53
Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

210.15 Reconditioned Equipment.

(A) Reconditioning Not Permitted. The following
equipment shall not be reconditioned:
(1) Equipment that provides ground-fault circuit-interrupter
protection for personnel
(2) Equipment that provides arc-fault circuit-interrupter
protection for personnel
(3) Equipment that provides ground-fault circuit-interrupter
protection of equipment

404.16 Reconditioned Equipment.

(A) Lighting, Dimmer, and Electronic Control Switches.
Reconditioned lighting, dimmer, and electronic control
switches shall not be permitted.
(B) Snap Switches. Reconditioned snap switches of any
type shall not be permitted.
(C) Knife Switches, Switches with Butt Contacts, and
Bolted Pressure Contact Switches. Reconditioned knife
switches, switches with butt contacts, and bolted pressure
contact switches shall be permitted. If equipment has
been damaged by fire, products of combustion, corrosive
influences, or water, it shall be specifically evaluated by its
manufacturer or a qualified testing laboratory prior to being
returned to service.
(D) Molded-Case Switches. Reconditioned molded-case
switches shall not be permitted.
406.2 Reconditioned Equipment. Reconditioned
receptacles, attachment plugs, cord connectors, and flanged
surface devices shall not be permitted.

Expert Analysis
Several new sections have been added and relocated to
address equipment that is permitted to be reconditioned
and equipment not permitted to be reconditioned.
The reconditioned equipment shall be listed as
reconditioned and comply with the additional marking
requirements per 110.21(A)(2).

Leviton Comment: The NEC struck Article 210.15

which specifically disallowed reconditioning of both
ground-fault and arc-fault devices. However, the NEC
added 240.2 which adds back in ground-fault devices,
but not arc-fault devices. Unless we missed another
new article regarding reconditioning of arc-fault devices,
it appears the NEC no longer prohibits reconditioning
arc-fault devices.
All this makes the reader wonder who is doing all this
reconditioning or remanufacturing. The NEC is directed
54
at electrical installers, inspectors and alike. It’s unclear
how many of these individuals are doing reconditioning
to the level described in these code articles (probably
few to none). Some inspectors interpret reconditioning
as when an installer installs a device outside of
the manufacturer’s instructions, thus in a different
condition or reconditioned. Sometimes retailers use the
remanufactured and reconditioned terms loosely on
returned products that they can’t sell as new, so they
sell it “reconditioned” at a discount.
Leviton does not recondition or remanufacture any
devices or products. To bring used products back to
the same level of quality and safety as new products, it
would cost more than simply making a new product.

Revision
240.4(D)(3) 10 Amp Circuits -
Overcurrent Protection
Leviton Comment: Article 240.4(D)(3) is covered with
Article 210.23(A) found on page 26.

Revision
240.24(E) Overcurrent Devices Not
Permitted in Locker Rooms or
Showering Facilities
Change Summary
• The NEC previously prohibited overcurrent devices in
bathrooms and now they clarify and include showering
facilities and locker rooms with showering facilities.
Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

Article 240 Overcurrent Protection

240.24 Location in or on Premises.
(E) Not Located in Bathrooms. Overcurrent protective
devices, other than supplementary overcurrent protection
shall not be located in bathrooms, showering facilities, or
locker rooms with showering facilities.

Expert Analysis
A revision has been made to prohibit overcurrent
protective devices in all bathrooms. Also overcurrent
protective devices are prohibited in showering facilities,

continued on page 56
55
 continued from page 55

or locker rooms with showering facilities, as they

represent similar hazards.
This revision recognizes the difficulty of accessing
occupied bathrooms.
Supplemental overcurrent devices are allowed.
Examples of supplemental overcurrent devices are
identified in illustration below.

Leviton Solution
See for yourself why The
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It’s also the industry’s
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their smartphone or tablet.

56
 How to Make a Leviton Load Center Smart

1 2 3

Install Add Smart Connect with the

the Hub Circuit Breakers My Leviton app

Energy Use Control Alerts & Updates

• View real-time energy • Remotely turn OFF • Know when and why
consumption: total aggregate, any circuit breaker a circuit breaker trips
individual circuit, or trends by • View system status in real • Be informed if a load is
week, month, and year time and detect if critical ON or not drawing power
• Calculate your approximate loads need to be addressed for an extended time
total energy cost per month

Revision/New
245 Overcurrent Protection – Systems
Over 1000V ac/1500V dc
305 General Requirements – Systems
Over 1000V ac/1500V dc
Leviton Comment: We combined these two articles
here because they both relate to the same area.

Change Summary
• Back in the 1920 NEC the voltage threshold increased
from 550 volts to 600 volts. Then in 2017 the NEC
included content addressing thresholds to 1000 volts.
Today electrical technology is expanding quickly with
technologies like photovoltaics and others. The NEC is
keeping up and this article is an example.
Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

Article 245 Overcurrent Protection for Systems Rated

Over 1000 Volts ac, 1500 Volts dc.
245.1 Scope.
continued on page 58
57
 continued from page 57
Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

245.2 Reconditioned Equipment.

245.21 Circuit-Interrupting Devices.
245.26 Feeders and Branch Circuits.
245.27 Additional Requirements for Feeders.

Article 305 General Requirements for Wiring Methods

and Materials for Systems Rated Over 1000 Volts ac,
1500 Volts dc, Nominal
305.1 Scope.
305.3 Other Articles.
305.4 Conductors of Different Systems.
305.5 Conductor Bending Radius.
305.6 Protection Against Induction Heating.
305.7 Covers Required.
305.8 Raceways in Wet Locations Above Grade.
305.9 Braid-Covered Insulated Conductors - Exposed
Installation.
305.10 Insulation Shielding.
305.11 Moisture or Mechanical Protection for Metal-
Sheathed Cables.
305.12 Danger Signs.
305.15 Underground Installations.

Expert Analysis
New articles have been added to address the
requirements for overcurrent protection for systems
rated over 1000 volts ac, 1500 volts dc.
Many consider these voltage levels as medium voltage
(MV) and these articles provide guidance to the electrical
industry, including inspectors, with more guidance in
terms of medium voltage installations.

58
Revision
300.14 Clarification of 6” Out of Box
Conductors Rule… Spliced or Unspliced?
Change Summary
• A new sentence was added to clarify that the
mandatory 6 inches of conductors out of the box can
be spliced or unspliced.
Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

Article 300 General Requirements for Wiring Methods

and Materials
300.14 Length of Free Conductors at Outlets, Junctions,
and Switch Points. At least 150 mm (6 in.) of free
conductor, measured from the point in the box where it
emerges from its raceway or cable sheath, shall be left at
each outlet, junction, and switch point for splices or the
connection of luminaires or devices. The 150 mm (6 in.)
free conductor shall be permitted to be spliced or unspliced.
Where the opening to an outlet, junction, or switch point is
less than 200 mm (8 in.) in any dimension, each conductor
shall be long enough to extend at least 75 mm (3 in.) outside
the opening.
Exception: Conductors that are not spliced or terminated at the outlet,
junction, or switch point shall not be required to comply with 300.14.

Expert Analysis
A new sentence has been added to clarify that the free
conductor is permitted to be a splice. The addition of this
text makes that clear and free of interpretation.

59
 Revision/New
305 General Requirements – Systems
Over 1000V ac/1500V dc
Leviton Comment: Article 305 is covered with Article
245 on page 57.

Revision/New
310.3(A)(B) Reconditioned Equipment
Leviton Comment: Article 310.3(A)(B) is covered with
Article 210.23(A) found on page 26.

Revision/New
312.10, 314.5 Screws Protruding into
Boxes – How Much is Allowable
Leviton Comment: We are covering Articles 312.10
and 314.5 together because they are very similar, and
both relate to screws protruding into boxes.

Change Summary
• The NEC has set limits on how far screws can protrude
into boxes.
Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

Article 312 – Cabinets, Cutout Boxes, and Meter Socket

Enclosures
312.10 Screws or Other Fasteners. Screws or other
fasteners installed in the field that enter wiring spaces shall
be as provided by or as specified by the manufacturer or
shall comply with the following as applicable:
(1) Screws shall be machine type with blunt ends.
(2) Other fasteners shall have blunt ends.
(3) Screws or other fasteners shall extend into the enclosure
no more than 6 mm (1⁄4 in.) unless the end is protected with
an approved means.
Exception to (3): Screws or other fasteners shall be permitted to extend into
the enclosure not more than 11 mm (7⁄16 in.) if located within 10 mm (3⁄8 in.)
of an enclosure wall.

Article 314 – Outlet, Device, Pull, and Junction Boxes;

Conduit Bodies; Fittings and Handhole Enclosures
314.5 Screws or Other Fasteners. Screws or other fasteners
installed in the field that enter wiring spaces shall be as
provided by or specified by the manufacturer or shall

60
 Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

comply with the following as applicable.:

(1) Screws shall be machine type with blunt ends.
(2) Other fasteners shall have blunt ends.
(3) Screws attaching a cover shall extend no more than 10
mm (3/8 in.).
(4) Screws or other fasteners, other than in (3), penetrating a
cover shall extend no more than 8 mm (5/16 in.).
(5) Screws or other fasteners penetrating a wall of a box
exceeding 1650 CM3 (100 in.3) shall extend no more than
6 mm (1/4 in.), or more than 11 mm (7/16 in.) if located
within 10 mm (3/8 in.) of an adjacent box wall.
(6) Screws or other fasteners penetrating the wall of a box
not exceeding 1650 CM3 (100 in.3) and not covered in
314.23(B)(1) shall be made flush with the box interior.
(7) Screws or other fasteners penetrating the wall of a
conduit body shall be made flush with the conduit
body interior.
Exception to (3) through (6): A screw shall be permitted to be longer if the
end of the screw is protected with an approved means.

Expert Analysis
A new section has been added to address the
possibility of screws and fasteners damaging conductors
within boxes. In all instances the only permitted style
of screws are the type with machine threads and a
blunt end. This reduces the likelihood of damage to
conductors due to coarse threads and sharp points
typically found on sheet metal screws. The penetrating
length varies depending on the application and location.
Any screw sanctioned by the equipment manufacturer
will be automatically acceptable. Other screws, such as
those used to attach identifying medallions, must have
machine threads and have blunt ends.

continued on page 62
61
 continued from page 61

Revision/New
314.24(B)(C) Box Depth/Conductor
Clearance from Devices - Rear and
Side Entry
Change Summary
• The NEC has set direction on conductors
entering boxes
Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

Article 314 Outlet, Device, Pull, and Junction Boxes;

Conduit Bodies; Fittings; and Handhole Enclosures
314.24 Dimensions of Boxes.
(B) Depth of Outlet and Device Boxes with Enclosed
Devices or Utilization Equipment.
(4) Conductors 12 or 10 AWG. Boxes that enclose
devices or utilization equipment supplied by 12 or 10 AWG
conductors shall have an internal depth that is not less than
30.2 mm (13/16 in.). Where the equipment projects rearward
from the mounting plane of the box by more than 25 mm
(1 in.), the box shall have a depth not less than that of the
equipment plus 6 mm (1/4 in.). Where wiring enters the
center portion of the rear of a box opposite to the equipment,
the minimum clearance shall be increased to 13 mm
(1/2 in.).
(C) Clearances for Side-Wiring Entrances. Where devices
or equipment are mounted in boxes having side-wiring
entries, the conductors entering from the side shall be
protected as covered in (1) or (2), as follows. The term side
applies to any wall of a box other than the one opposite to
the opening.
continued on page 64
62
 Article 406.4

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LEVITON.COM/
FLOORBOXES
 continued from page 62
Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

(1) The rearward projection of the device or equipment shall

not extend beyond the centerline of the wiring knockout or
other entry.
(2) The clearance from the box wall to the installed device
or equipment shall be not less than 13 mm (1/2 in.).

Expert Analysis
A new sentence has been added at 314.24(B) to clarify
that conductor sizes 12 or 10 AWG, entering from the
center portion of the rear of a box opposite to the
equipment, the minimum clearance shall be increased
to 1/2 in.
In addition, a new subsection has been added to
314.24(C) to address the protection techniques where
devices or equipment are mounted in boxes having
side-wiring entries. The protection techniques include
the rearward projection of the device or equipment shall
not extend beyond the centerline of the wiring knockout
or other entry, or the clearance from the box wall to
the installed device or equipment shall not be less
than 1/2 in. The term side applies to any wall of a box
other than the one opposite to the opening.

64
Revision/New
334.15(B), 334.19 Protecting Conductors
– Bushings and Sheath Length
Change Summary
• The NEC has added language intended to
protect conductors.
Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

Article 334 Nonmetallic-Sheathed Cable:

Types NM and NMC
334.15 Exposed Work.
(B) Protection from Physical Damage. Cable shall be
protected from physical damage where necessary by rigid
metal conduit, intermediate metal conduit, electrical metallic
tubing, Schedule 80 PVC conduit, RTRC marked with
the suffix -XW, or other approved means. Where passing
through a floor, the cable shall be enclosed in rigid metal
conduit, intermediate metal conduit, electrical metallic
tubing, Schedule 80 PVC conduit, RTRC marked with the
suffix -XW, or other approved means extending at least
150 mm (6 in.) above the floor. Conduit or tubing shall be
provided with a bushing or adapter that provides protection
from abrasion at the point the cable enters and exits
the raceway.
Type NMC cable installed in shallow chases or grooves in
masonry, concrete, or adobe shall be protected in accordance
with the requirements in 300.4(F) and covered with plaster,
adobe, or similar finish.
334.19 Cable Entries. The sheath on nonmetallic-sheathed
cable shall extend not less than 6 mm (1/4 in.) beyond any
cable clamp or cable entry.

Expert Analysis
A new section has been added at 334.15 to ensure
continued on page 66
65
 continued from page 65

protection of the insulated conductors when they enter

any type of electrical component.
A new sentence has been added at 334.19 to provide
consistency with other abrasion protection requirements
when cable is installed in conduit or tubing.

Revision/New
404.14(D), 406.3(D) Switches and
Receptacles with Push-In Terminals &
Wire Types
Leviton Comment: To simplify and condense
content in this guide we combine Articles 404.14(D)
and 406.3(D). The text is very similar except 404.14(D)
covers switches and 406.3(D) covers receptacles.

Change Summary
• Once again the NEC is addressing aluminum wire
(see 210.23 for more on this). The NEC also
clarifies push-in conductors used on snap switches
and receptacles.
Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

Article 404 Switches

404.14 Rating and Use of Switches
(D) Snap Switch Terminations. Snap switch terminations
shall be in accordance with the following:
(1) Terminals of 15-ampere and 20-ampere snap switches
not marked CO/ALR shall be used with copper and copper-
clad aluminum conductors only.
(2) Terminals marked CO/ALR shall be permitted to
be used with copper, aluminum, and copper-clad
aluminum conductors.
(3) Snap switches connected using screwless terminals of
the conductor push-in type construction (also known as
conductor push-in terminals) shall be installed on not greater
than 15-ampere branch circuits and shall be connected with
14 AWG solid copper wire only unless listed and marked for
other types of conductors.
Article 406 Receptacles, Cord Connectors and
Attachment Plugs (Caps)
406.3 Receptacle Rating and Type.
(D) Receptacle Terminations. Receptacle terminations shall
be in accordance with the following:
(1) Terminals of 15-ampere and 20-ampere receptacles not
marked CO/ALR shall be used with copper and copper-clad
aluminum conductors only.
(2) Terminals marked CO/ALR shall be permitted to
66
 Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

be used with aluminum, copper, and copper-clad

aluminum conductors.
(3) Receptacles installed using screwless terminals of the
conductor push-in type construction (also known as push-in-
terminals) shall be installed on not greater than 15-ampere
branch circuits and shall be connected with 14 AWG solid
copper wire only unless listed and marked for other types
of conductors.
Informational Note: See UL 498, Attachment Plugs and
Receptacles, for information regarding screwless terminals of
various type constructions employed on receptacles. Screwless
terminals of the separable-terminal assembly, spring-action clamp,
and insulation-displacement type constructions are not classified
in UL 498 as screwless terminals of the conductor push-in type
construction (also known as push-in terminals).

Expert Analysis
New text has been added to address the installation of
snap switches and receptacles with push-in terminal
terminations. This new subsection clarifies that wiring
devices rated 15 and 20 amperes are suitable for
installation with copper and copper-clad aluminum as
provided in the UL guide information. Terminals marked
CO/ALR are suitable to be used with copper, aluminum,
and copper-clad aluminum conductors. Snap switches
connected using screwless terminals of the conductor
push-in type construction (also known as conductor
push-in terminals) shall be installed on not greater than
15-ampere branch circuits and shall be connected with
14 AWG solid copper wire only unless listed and marked
for other types of conductors.

Revision
404.16(A)(B)(C)(D) Reconditioned
Equipment - Switches/Dimmers
Leviton Comment: Article 404.16(A)(B)(C)(D) is
covered with Article 240.2 on page 53.

Revision
406.2 Reconditioned Equipment –
Receptacles, Plugs and Connectors
Leviton Comment: Article 406.2 is covered with Article
240.2 on page 53.
67
 Revision
406.3(D) Receptacle Terminations
Leviton Comment: Article 406.3(D) is covered with
Article 404.14(D) on page 66.

New
406.4(G) Protecting Floor Receptacles
and GFCI Required if Located in Food
Court or Transportation Areas
Change Summary
• The NEC added a new subsection that requires GFCI
protection of all 125-volt, single phase, 15 and
20-Amp floor receptacles installed in specific
locations to provide public protection against
potential electric shock due to accidental
spillage of refreshments.
Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

Article 406 Receptacles, Cord Connectors and

Attachment Plugs (Caps)
406.4 General Installation Requirements.
(G) Protection of Floor Receptacles. Protection for floor
receptacles shall be in accordance with the following:
(1) Physical protection of floor receptacles shall allow
floor-cleaning equipment to be operated without damage
to receptacles.
(2) All 125-volt, single-phase, 15- and 20-ampere floor
receptacles installed in food courts and waiting spaces of
passenger transportation facilities where food or drinks are
allowed shall be GFCI protected.

68
Expert Analysis
A new subsection has been added to clarify the
requirements for protection of floor receptacles.
The addition of GFCI protection of all 125-volt,
single-phase, 15- and 20-ampere floor receptacles
installed in specified locations is intended
to provide public protection against potential electric
shock due to accidental spillage of refreshments.

Leviton Solution
Leviton offers floor boxes for residential and commercial
applications including food courts. Designed for ease
of installation, easy access and good looks, the Leviton
line of floor boxes is unmatched. Our superior
performance meets or exceeds UL 514A including
scrub water test.

Concrete Floor Boxes Poke Through Floor Boxes

Pop-Up Floor Boxes Traditional Wood Frame Floor Boxes

• Solutions for all floor types

Tile, stone, wood, laminate carpet, concrete, vinyl
• Applications include
Residential, multi dwelling units, restaurants, hotels, meeting rooms,
shopping malls, offices
Many finishes and configurations available

Revision/New
406.6(D) Restrictions on Wallplates with
USB or Nightlight
Change Summary
• A new sentence and exception (Ex.) have been
continued on page 70
69
 continued from page 69

accepted and added ty the CMP to address the use of

spring-tension contacts with power receptacle
faceplate accessories.
Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

Article 406 Receptacles, Cord Connectors and

Attachment Plugs (Caps)
406.6 Receptacle Faceplates (Cover Plates).
(D) Receptacle Faceplate (Cover Plates) with Integral
Night Light and/or USB Charger. A flush device cover
plate that additionally provides a night light and/or Class 2
output connector(s) shall be listed and constructed such that
the night light and/or Class 2 circuitry is integral with the
flush device cover plate.
Listed receptacle faceplates with integral night light, USB
charger, or both, that rely solely on spring-tensioned contacts
shall be connected to only brass or copper alloy receptacle
terminal screws and shall be rated 1 watt or less.
Exception: Effective January 1, 2026, spring-tensioned contact connections
to steel receptacle terminal screws shall be permitted if the receptacle
faceplate is specifically listed and identified for connection to steel
receptacle terminal screws

Expert Analysis
A new sentence has been added to clarify and
provide clear prescriptive requirements on the use
of spring-tensioned contacts to power receptacle
faceplate accessories. These requirements do not
currently exist in UL 514D.
The implementation date for the exception, is to
provide time to evaluate a possible conflict with UL 498,
regarding the use of steel screws to carry current,
and to develop safety requirements in UL 514D for
faceplate connection methods.

Leviton Solution
Captain Code says the best solution here is NOT to
use these toy USB wallplate devices described in
this article. For safety’s sake and faster charging, offer
your customers the best… Leviton. Leviton even offers
Weather-Resistant USB devices.

NEW Weather-Resistant Type A/C

USB In-Wall Charger
Available in 15 and 20A configurations.
Weather-Resistant USB Receptacles
with Type A and Type-C Ports. Type-C
Port can charge maximum 3 Amps @ 5V.
Type A Port can charge maximum 2.4
Amps @ 5V. Combined total of 5.1A
of charging power.

70
Revision
406.9(A)(B) While-in-Use Cover
Requirements
Change Summary
• Revision made regarding how much bubble type
covers must open.
Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

Article 406 Receptacles, Cord Connectors and

Attachment Plugs (Caps)
406.9 Receptacles in Damp or Wet Locations.
(A) Damp Locations. A receptacle installed outdoors in
a location protected from the weather or in other damp
locations shall have an enclosure for the receptacle that is
weatherproof when the receptacle is covered (attachment
plug cap not inserted and receptacle covers closed).
An installation suitable for wet locations shall also be
considered suitable for damp locations.
A receptacle shall be considered to be in a location protected
from the weather where located under roofed open porches,
canopies, marquees, and the like, and will not be subjected
to a beating rain or water runoff. All 125- and 250-volt
nonlocking receptacles shall be a listed weather-resistant
type. Hinged covers of outlet box hoods shall be able
to open at least 90 degrees, or fully open if the cover is
not designed to open 90 degrees from the closed to open
position, after installation.
Informational Note: See ANSI/NEMA WD 6–2016, Wiring
Devices — Dimensional Specifications, for the types of receptacles
covered by this requirement.
(B) Wet Locations.
(1) Receptacles of 15 Amperes and 20 Amperes in a Wet
Location. Receptacles of 15 amperes and 20 amperes, 125
volts and 250 volts installed in a wet location shall have an
enclosure that is weatherproof whether or not the attachment
plug cap is inserted. An outlet box hood installed for this
purpose shall be listed and shall be identified as “extra-
duty.” Other listed products, enclosures, or assemblies
providing weatherproof protection that do not utilize an
outlet box hood need not be identified extra duty. Hinged
covers of outlet box hoods shall be able to open at least 90
degrees, or fully open if the cover is not designed to open 90
degrees from the closed to open position, after installation.
Informational Note No. 1: See ANSI/UL 514D–2016, Cover Plates
for Flush-Mounted Wiring Devices, for extra-duty outlet box hoods.
“Extra duty” identification and requirements are not applicable to
listed receptacles, faceplates, outlet boxes, enclosures, or assemblies
that are identified as either being suitable for wet locations or rated
as one of the outdoor enclosure–type numbers of Table 110.28 that
does not utilize an outlet box hood.
continued on page 72
71
 continued from page 71
Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

Exception: 15- and 20-ampere, 125- through 250-volt receptacles installed

in a wet location and subject to routine high-pressure spray washing shall be
permitted to have an enclosure that is weatherproof when the attachment plug
is removed.
All 15- and 20-ampere, 125- and 250-volt nonlocking-type
receptacles shall be listed and so identified as the
weather-resistant type.
Informational Note No. 2: See ANSI/NEMA WD 6–2016,
Wiring Devices — Dimensional Specifications, for receptacle
configurations. The configuration of weather-resistant receptacles
covered by this requirement are identified as 5-15, 5-20, 6-15,
and 6-20.

Expert Analysis
A revision has been made pertaining to receptacles in
damp or wet locations to require hinged covers of outlet
box hoods to be installed to allow the cover to open to
either 90 degrees, or fully open depending on
cover type. The significance is that the covers swing
can't be blocked by any obstruction.

Leviton Solution
Leviton Extra Duty While-In-Use Covers
Built to withstand the elements and tough enough
to comply with 406.9(B)(1) for “Extra-Duty”
• Accommodates Decora® GFCI devices. Adapter plates
are included for duplex and single receptacles
• Heavy-duty gasket protects from moisture and adds
to ease of installation
• Includes two inserts to cover cord openings to prevent
insects and debris from entering the cover
• Safety lock feature

Leviton Extra Duty While-In-Use Covers

72
Revision
406.9(C) Space Around Shower Stalls
and Bathtub
Change Summary
Revision made to clarify that receptacles shall not be
installed inside of the tub or shower or within a zone
measured 3 Ft. (900 mm) horizontally from any outside
edge of the bathtub or shower stall, which includes the
space outside the bathtub or shower stall below the 8 ft.
zone. For a Smart toilet, see Ex. 4 to 406.9(C).
Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

Article 406 Receptacles, Cord Connectors and

Attachment Plugs (Caps)
406.9 Receptacles in Damp or Wet Locations.
(C) Bathtub and Shower Space. Receptacles shall not
be installed inside of the tub or shower or within a zone
measured 900 mm (3 ft) horizontally from any outside edge
of the bathtub or shower stall, including the space outside
the bathtub or shower stall space below the zone.
The zone also includes the space measured vertically
from the floor to 2.5 m (8 ft) above the top of the bathtub
rim or shower stall threshold. The identified zone is all-
encompassing and shall include the space directly over the
bathtub or shower stall and the space below this zone, but
not the space separated by a floor, wall, ceiling, room door,
window, or fixed barrier.
Exception No. 1: Receptacles installed in accordance with 680.73 shall
be permitted.
Exception No. 2: In bathrooms with less than the required zone, the
receptacle(s) required by 210.52(D) shall be permitted to be installed opposite
the bathtub rim or shower stall threshold on the farthest wall within the room.
Exception No. 3: Weight supporting ceiling receptacles (WSCR) shall be
permitted to be installed for listed luminaires that employ a weight supporting
attachment fitting (WSAF) in damp locations complying with 410.10(D).
Exception No. 4: In a dwelling unit, a single receptacle shall be permitted
for an electronic toilet or personal hygiene device such as an electronic bidet
seat. The receptacle shall be readily accessible and not located in the space
between the toilet and the bathtub or shower.
Informational Note No. 1: See 210.8(A)(1) for GFCI requirements
in a bathroom.
Informational Note No. 2: See 210.11(C) for bathroom
branch circuits.
Informational Note No. 3: See 210.21(B)(1) for single receptacle
on an individual branch.

continued on page 74
73
 continued from page 73

Expert Analysis
A revision has been made to clarify that receptacles
shall not be installed inside of the tub or shower or
within a zone measured 3 ft (900 mm) horizontally from
any outside edge of the bathtub or shower stall, which
includes the space outside the bathtub, or shower stall,
or within the space below the zone.
A new exception 4 has been added to recognize,
that it is quite common for a toilet to be located next
to a bathtub or shower in a residential bathroom.
Existing text could prevent the installation of a
receptacle, that is necessary for the operation of an
electronic toilet (also known as a “smart toilet”) or
personal hygiene device (e.g., electronic bidet seat)
where a toilet is located within 3 ft (900 mm)
horizontally of a bathtub or shower.

74
Revision
406.12 Tamper-Resistant (TR)
Receptacle Requirements Expanded
Change Summary
• The places where TR receptacles are required has
been revised and expanded. Among the new areas
are nursing homes, fitness centers, substance
abuse/rehab, foster care, psych hospitals, and areas
of agricultural buildings that are accessible to the
general public.
Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

Article 406 Receptacles, Cord Connectors and

Attachment Plugs (Caps)
406.12 Tamper-Resistant Receptacles. All 15- and
20-ampere, 125- and 250-volt nonlocking-type receptacles
in the following locations shall be listed tamper-resistant
receptacles:
(1) All dwelling units, boathouses, mobile homes and
manufactured homes, including their attached and detached
garages,
accessory buildings, and common areas
(2) Guest rooms and guest suites of hotels, motels, and their
common areas
(3) Child care facilities
(4) Preschools and education facilities
(5) Within clinics, medical and dental offices, and outpatient
facilities, the following spaces:
a. Business offices accessible to the general public
b. Lobbies and waiting spaces
c. Spaces of nursing homes and limited care facilities
covered in 517.10(B)(2)
(6) Places of awaiting transportation, gymnasiums, skating
rinks, fitness centers, and auditoriums
(7) Dormitory units
(8) Residential care/assisted living facilities, social and
substance abuse rehabilitation facilities, and group homes
(9) Foster care facilities, nursing homes, and psychiatric
hospitals
(10) Areas of agricultural buildings accessible to the general
public and any common areas
Informational Note No. 1: See ANSI/NEMA WD 6-2016, Wiring
Devices — Dimensional Specifications. This requirement would
include receptacles identified as 5-15, 5-20, 6-15, and 6-20.
Informational Note No. 2: See NFPA 5000-2021, Building
Construction and Safety Code, and the International Building Code
(IBC)-2021 for more information on occupancy classifications for
the types of facilities covered by this requirement.

continued on page 76
75
 continued from page 75
Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

Informational Note No. 3: Areas of agricultural building

are frequently converted to hospitality areas. These areas can
include petting zoos, stables, and buildings used for recreation or
educational purposes where receptacles are installed.
Exception to (1) through (10): Receptacles in the following locations shall
not be required to be tamper resistant:
(1) Receptacles located more than 1.7 m (5 1⁄2 ft) above the floor
(2) Receptacles that are part of a luminaire or appliance
(3) Where the receptacle outlet is installed within the space occupied by or
designated for each appliance that, in normal use, is not easily moved from
one place to another and is cord-and-plug-connected in accordance with
400.10(A)(6), (A)(7), or (A)(8) the following are permitted:
a. A single receptacle that is not readily accessible and supplies one appliance
b. A duplex receptacle that is not readily accessible and supplies two
appliances
(4) Nongrounding receptacles used for replacements as permitted in
406.4(D)(2)(a)

Expert Analysis
A revision has been made to clarify the locations where
tamper-resistant receptacles are required to be installed.

Leviton Solution
Leviton tamper-resistant receptacles, have proven
effective in preventing electrical injuries resulting
from foreign objects being inserted into receptacles.
Available residential and commercial grade in 15- and
20-Amp, 125-Volt, Duplex and Decora® in several colors.

Cat. No. TR5320 Cat. No. GFNT1-W Cat. No. T5625

76
New
409.70 Surge Protection for Safety
Circuits in Industrial Control Panels
Change Summary
• New section calls for surge protection of safety circuits
within control panels.
Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

Article 409 Industrial Control Panels

409.70 Surge Protection. Safety circuits for personnel
protection that are subject to damage from surge events
shall have surge protection installed within or immediately
adjacent to the control panel.

Expert Analysis
A new section has been added to clarify that surge
protection shall be installed within or immediately
adjacent to the control panel to protect safety circuits
for personnel protection. The surge protective devices
address a documented safety issue that has been
reported by the Electrical Safety Foundation.

Leviton Solution
51120-1
Type 2 Single Phase Surge Panel with 4-Mode Protection
120/240V Single Phase Panel Mount
Surge Protective Device, 4-Mode
Protection, 50kA Max Surge Current
Rating, NEMA 1 Enclosure, UL 1449
4th Edition Type 2.
Leviton’s Surge Protection Devices
can be used individually or as part of
a coordinated application strategy,
to protect sensitive electronic
equipment, in industrial, commercial
and residential locations, from the
stress and degradation inflicted by
voltage transients. Transients are
diverted away from sensitive micro circuitry, providing protection
against catastrophic failure, costly downtime and data disruptions.

77
 New
410.71 Disconnecting Means for
Double-Ended Fluorescent or LED Lamps
Change Summary
• New section addresses disconnecting means for
double-ended lamps — LED and Fluorescent.
Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

Article 410 Luminaires, Lampholders, and Lamps

410.71 Disconnecting Means for Fluorescent or LED
Luminaires that Utilize Double-Ended Lamps.
(1) General. In indoor locations other than dwellings
and associated accessory structures, fluorescent or LED
luminaires that utilize double-ended lamps and contain
ballast(s) or LED driver(s) that can be serviced in place
shall have a disconnecting means either internal or external
to each luminaire. For existing installed luminaires without
disconnecting means, at the time a ballast or LED driver is
added or replaced a disconnecting means shall be installed.
The line side terminals of the disconnecting means shall
be guarded.
Exception No. 1: A disconnecting means shall not be required for luminaires
installed in hazardous (classified) location(s).
Exception No. 2: A disconnecting means shall not be required for luminaires
that provide emergency illumination required in 700.16.
Exception No. 3: For cord-and-plug-connected luminaires, an accessible
separable connector or an accessible plug and receptacle shall be permitted
to serve as the disconnecting means.
Exception No. 4: Disconnecting means shall not be required for every
luminaire in a building area if all of the following conditions apply:
(1) More than one luminaire is installed in the building area
(2) The luminaires are not connected to a multiwire branch circuit
(3) The design of the installation includes disconnecting means
(4) The building area will not be left in total darkness should only one
disconnect be opened
(2) Multiwire Branch Circuits. When connected to
multiwire branch circuits, the disconnecting means shall
simultaneously break all the supply conductors to the ballast,
including the grounded conductor.
(3) Location. The disconnecting means shall be located so
as to be accessible to qualified persons before servicing or
maintaining the ballast. Where the disconnecting means is
external to the luminaire, it shall be a single device, and it
shall be attached to the luminaire or the luminaire shall be
located within sight of the disconnecting means.

Expert Analysis
A new section has been added to address the
disconnecting means requirements for fluorescent
or LED luminaires that utilize double-ended lamps.
The original requirements for double-ended lamp
fluorescent ballast replacements were due to an
78
accident. Lighting systems have evolved since that
time, and fluorescent lamps are being discontinued and
replaced with LED lamps to meet energy conversion
requirements. The additional requirements have been
added to address hazards that would exist with either
style luminaire. The requirements have been expanded
to address LED type luminaires that are equivalent to
fluorescent luminaires that utilize double-ended lamps.

New
411.3 Voltage Limitations on
Low-Voltage Lighting
Change Summary
• Voltage limitations on Low-voltage lighting and
differentiates when the lighting is likely to come in
contact with water.
Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

Article 411 Low-Voltage Lighting

411.3 Voltage Limitations. The operating voltage of low-
voltage lighting systems and their associated components
shall not exceed 30 volts ac or 60 volts dc. If wet contact is
likely to occur, the operating voltage of low-voltage lighting
systems and their associated components shall not exceed 15
volts ac or 30 volts dc.
Informational Note: See 680.1 for swimming pools, fountains, and
similar installations.

continued on page 80
79
 continued from page 79

Expert Analysis
A new section has been added to address the voltage
limitations for low-voltage lighting systems and their
associated components.

New
422.18(B) Locating Paddle Fans
in Bathrooms
Change Summary
• The NEC has set boundary limitations between paddle
fans and bathtub or shower.
Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

Article 422 Appliances

422.18 Ceiling-Suspended (Paddle) Fans.
(B) Location. No metal parts of ceiling-suspended (paddle)
fans in bathrooms and shower spaces shall be located within
a zone measured 900 mm (3 ft) horizontally and 2.5 m (8
ft) vertically from the top of the bathtub rim or shower stall
threshold. This zone is all-encompassing and shall include
the space directly over the tub or shower stall.

80
Expert Analysis
A new subsection has been added to address the
requirements pertaining to ceiling-suspended (paddle)
fans located in bathrooms and shower spaces.

New
424.48 Requirements for Heating
Cables in Walls
Change Summary
• It seems that heating cables are now being
installed in walls, so the NEC is addressing it with
new requirements.
Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

Article 424 Fixed Electric Space-Heating Equipment

424.48 Installation of Cables in Walls. Unless prohibited
by 424.38(B), heating cables and cable sets shall be
permitted to be installed in, on, or behind walls provided all
of the following are met:
(1) Heating cables and cable sets shall be identified as
suitable for installation in, on, or behind walls.
(2) Heating cables and cable sets shall be GFCI protected.
(3) Grounding means, such as copper braid, metal sheath, or
other approved means, shall be provided.
(4) Heating cables and cable sets shall be AFCI protected.
(5) Heating cables and cable sets shall be permitted to be
installed no more than 1.2 m (4 ft) above the floor.
This requirement shall become effective January 1, 2026.

Expert Analysis
A new section has been added to address the
requirements for installation of heating cables in,
continued on page 82
81
 continued from page 81

on, or behind walls. Also, review 424.93(C) for similar

installation requirements.
424.38(B)(6)
Prohibits
heating
cables
behind
tubs and
showers

TION
VIOLA

Revision
430.6(A) Sizing Conductors and
Switches for Motors
Change Summary
• The NEC has made a revision to clarify when to use
table values or nameplate when sizing conductors,
switches and other electrical apparatus for motors.
Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

Article 430 – Motors, Motor Circuits and Controllers

430.6 Conductor Ampacity and Motor Rating
Determination.
(A) General Motor Applications.
(1) Table Values. Other than for motors built for low speeds
(less than 1200 RPM) or high torques, and for multispeed
motors, the values given in Table 430.247, Table 430.248,
Table 430.249, and Table 430.250 shall be used instead of
the actual current rating marked on the motor nameplate to
determine the following:
(1) Ampacity of conductors
(2) Current ratings of switches
(3) Current ratings of branch-circuit short-circuit and
ground-fault protection
Where a motor is marked in amperes, but not horsepower,
the horsepower rating shall be assumed to be that
corresponding to the value given in Table 430.247, Table
430.248, Table 430.249, and Table 430.250, interpolated
if necessary.
Exception No. 1: Multispeed motors shall be in accordance with 430.22(B)
and 430.52.
Exception No. 2: For equipment that employs a shaded-pole or permanent-
split capacitor-type fan or blower motor that is marked with the motor type,

82
 Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

and the marking on the equipment nameplate is not less than the current
marked on the fan or blower motor nameplate, the full-load current marked
on the nameplate of the appliance shall be used to determine the ampacity of
branch-circuit conductors, in addition to the current ratings of the following:
(1) Disconnecting means
(2) Motor controllers
(3) Short-circuit and ground-fault protective devices
(4) Separate overload protective devices
Exception No. 3: For a listed motor-operated appliance that is marked with
both motor horsepower and full-load current, the motor full-load current
marked on the nameplate of the appliance shall be used instead of the
horsepower rating on the appliance nameplate to determine the ampacity of
branch-circuit conductors, in addition to the current ratings of the following:
(1) Disconnecting means
(2) Motor controllers
(3) Short-circuit and ground-fault protective devices
(4) Separate overload protective devices
(2) Nameplate Values. The motor nameplate current ratings
shall be used to determine the values for the following:
(1) Separate motor overload protection
(2) For motors built for low speeds (less than 1200 RPM),
high torques, canned pumps, or multispeed motors, the
following:
a. Ampacity of conductors
b. Current ratings of switches
c. Current ratings of branch-circuit short-circuit and ground-
fault protection
(3) Large motors exceeding the values in Part XIV shall use
the nameplate current rating for conductor sizing.

Expert Analysis
A revision has been made to clarify the requirements
when applying nameplate or table values for general
motor applications.

Sizing Using Table

continued on page 84
83
 continued from page 83

Sizing Using Nameplate

Leviton Solution
Powerswitch® Manual Motor Controllers
Heavy-duty horsepower rated switches capable of providing manual
ON/OFF control to higher motor loads than standard toggle switches.
Built for commercial and industrial installations up to 60 Amps,
Leviton offers a line of industrial grade AC single-phase and
three-phase manual motor controllers with a continuous current
rating at all voltages up to 600V AC and maximum horsepower
ratings of 30HP.

Our 30 Amp and 40 Amp motor switches are UL 508 listed

“Suitable as Motor Disconnect”, which means they may be used in
place of a standard disconnect switch in line-of-sight applications
in factory settings.

Revision
440.11 AC/Refrigeration Disconnect
Requires Lock or Tool to Access
Change Summary
• Where the disconnecting means is readily accessible
to an unqualified person per 440.11, a tool to open
is required, or be capable of being locked.
Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

Article 440 – Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration

Equipment

84
 Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

440.11 General. Disconnecting means shall be capable of

disconnecting air-conditioning and refrigerating equipment,
including motor-compressors and controllers, from the
circuit conductors. If the disconnecting means is readily
accessible to unqualified persons, any enclosure door or
hinged cover of a disconnecting means enclosure that
exposes energized parts when open shall require a tool to
open or be capable of being locked.

Expert Analysis
A new sentence has been added to address the
protection of unqualified persons in the vicinity of this
equipment. Section 440.14 already addresses location.

Revision
445.18(A)(B) Generator Disconnect –
Parallel Installations and Location
Change Summary
• Revision clarifies the separation of an emergency
shutdown and a disconnecting means.
Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

Article 445 – Generators

445.18 Disconnecting Means.
(A) Disconnecting Means. Generators other than cord-
and-plug-connected portable generators shall have one or
more disconnecting means. Each disconnecting means shall
simultaneously open all associated ungrounded conductors.
Each disconnecting means shall be lockable open in
accordance with 110.25.
The disconnecting means shall be permitted to be located
within the generator behind a hinged cover, door, or
enclosure panel. Where the generator disconnecting means
continued on page 86
85
 continued from page 85
Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

is located within the generator, a field applied label meeting

the requirements of 110.21(B) shall be provided indicating
the location of the generator disconnecting means.
(B) Generators Installed in Parallel. Where a generator is
installed in parallel with other generators, the provisions of
445.18(A) shall be capable of isolating the generator output
terminals from the paralleling system bus. The disconnecting
means shall not be required to be located at the generator.

Expert Analysis
Modifications are made to clarify the permitted
locations for emergency shutdown devices and
marking. Section 445.18(B) is revised from “paralleling
equipment” to “paralleling system bus” to clarify the
intent of the requirement.

Leviton Solution
Powerswitch® curve top safety disconnect
switches with Inform™ technology
provides local and remote monitoring
• Curve top design pushes water and debris
towards the side of the device and
leaves less area for buildup
• How does Inform work?
Sensors are embedded into Leviton devices
to monitor device health. Data from
sensors can be viewed locally or
remotely via Wi-Fi or Modbus RTU
• Local monitoring — Green LEDs on the cover
provide a visual indication that the device
is operating under normal conditions,
flash red if there is a failure,
or flash yellow if there is a buildup of
liquid inside of the enclosure that may
lead to a potential failure

86
• Remote monitoring — includes data like liquid accumulation,
enclosure temperature and humidity, line- and load-side voltage
values, ground continuity, and more. Access this data 24/7 and get
notified of any abnormal operating conditions via the Inform™ app
(mobile or laptop) or your existing automation system.

Revision
445.19(B)(C) Emergency Shutdown of
Generator Prime Mover
Change Summary
• This article separately addresses the emergency
generator shutdown in one-and-two family houses
and OTHER THAN one-and-two family houses.
For other than 1-or-2 family houses a remote
emergency stop switch to shut the prime mover shall
be located outside the equipment room or enclosure.
For 1-or-2 family houses the emergency shutdown
shall be located outside the dwelling unit in a readily
accessible location, except for cord-and-plug
connected generators.
Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

Article 445 – Generators

445.19 Emergency Shutdown of Prime Mover.
(B) Remote Emergency Shutdown. For other than
one- and two-family dwelling units, generators with
greater than 15 kW rating shall be provided with a remote
emergency stop switch to shut down the prime mover. The
remote emergency stop switch shall be located outside
the equipment room or generator enclosure at a readily
accessible location and shall also meet the requirements of
445.19(A)(1) and (A)(2).
The remote emergency stop switch shall be permitted to
be mounted on the exterior of the generator enclosure. The
remote emergency stop switch shall be labeled Generator
Emergency Shutdown, and the label shall meet the
requirements of 110.21(B).
(C) Emergency Shutdown in One- and Two-Family
Dwelling Units. For other than cord-and-plug-connected
portable generators, an emergency shutdown device shall
be located outside the dwelling unit at a readily accessible
location and shall also meet the requirements of 445.19(A)
(1) and (A)(2).
An emergency shutdown device mounted on the exterior
of the generator enclosure shall be permitted to satisfy the
requirements of this section. The shutdown device shall be
marked as the Generator Emergency Shutdown, and the
continued on page 88
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 continued from page 87
Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

label shall meet the requirements of 110.21(B).

Expert Analysis
A revision has been made to separate the generator
emergency shutdown and disconnect requirements
for clarity. Additional modifications are made to clarify
the permitted locations for emergency shutdown
devices and marking.

Article 445.19(B)

Article 445.19(C)

New
495 Equipment Over 1000 Volts ac,
1500 Volts dc
Change Summary
• The NEC has added this new article pertaining to
equipment over 1000 volts AC and 1500 volts DC.

88
 Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

Article 495 – Equipment Over 1000 Volts ac, 1500 Volts

dc, Nominal
Part I. General.
495.1 Scope.
495.2 Reconditioned Equipment.
495.3 Other Articles.
Part II. Equipment - Specific Provisions.
495.22 Isolating Means.
495.23 Voltage Regulators.
495.24 Minimum Space Separation.
495.25 Backfeed.
Part III. Equipment - Switchgear and Industrial Control
Assemblies.
495.30 General.
495.31 Arrangement of Devices in Assemblies.
495.32 Guarding of Energized Parts Within a
Compartment.
495.23 Guarding of Energized Parts Operating at 1000
Volts, Nominal, or Less Within Compartments.
495.34 Clearance for Cable Conductors Entering
Enclosure.
495.35 Accessibility of Energized Parts.
495.37 Equipment Grounding Connections.
495.38 Door Stops and Cover Plates.
495.39 Gas Discharge from Interrupting Devices.
495.40 Visual Inspection Windows.
495.41 Location of Industrial Control Equipment.
495.42 Interlocks - Interrupting Switches.
495.43 Storage Energy for Opening.
495.44 Fused Interrupter Switches.
495.45 Circuit Breakers - Interlocks.
495.46 Circuit Breaker Locking.
495.47 Switchgear Used as Service Equipment.
495.48 Substation Design, Documentation, and Required
Diagram.
495.49 Reconditioned Switchgear.
Part IV. Mobile and Portable Equipment.
495.61 General.
495.62 Overcurrent Protection.
495.63 Enclosures.
495.64 Collector Rings.
495.65 Power Cable Connections to Mobile Machines.
495.66 High Voltage Portable Cable for Main Power
Supply.
Part V. Boilers.
495.70 General.
495.71 Electrical Supply System.
495.72 Branch-Circuit Requirements.
continued on page 90
89
 continued from page 89
Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

495.73 Pressure and Temperature Limit Control

495.74 Bonding.

Expert Analysis
This new article is very broad, lengthy, and specific
to equipment over 1000 volts AC and 1500 volts DC.
Due to space limitations in this guide, we can’t cover
this article in its entirety. If you work with equipment
with these higher voltages, we recommend that you
look at the actual NFPA 70.

New
530 Motion Picture and Television
Studios and Remote Locations
Change Summary
• Article 530 had many changes for the 2023
Code Cycle including the addition of Part III.
Portable Equipment in Support Areas. Most electrical
professionals reading this guide don't often work in
this area, so we cover it at a very high level. If you do
work in this area, we suggest you review the article
from the NFPA70.
Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

Article 530 Motion Picture and Television Studios and

Remote Locations.
Part III. Portable Equipment in Support Areas.
530.41 Restricted Public Access
530.42 Overcurrent Protection for Portable Cables.
530.43 Portable Generators.
530.44 Ground-Fault Circuit-Interrupter (GFCI) Protection.
530.45 Production Vehicles and Trailers.
530.46 Protection.
Expert Analysis
A new Part III has been added to Article 530 that covers
portable equipment in support areas.

Leviton Solution
Leviton makes a full line of Cam Connectors and Portable
GFCI devices.
• Leviton Rhino-Hide® 16 Series
single pole cam devices are rated
up to 400 Amps and feature
can be safely mounted to
steel panels.

90
• Leviton’s line of Portable GFCI’s
come in many configurations for all
stage applications. Now sleeker and
more rugged than ever! And, while these
devices are fully OSHA compliant for
use on job sites, they are also perfect
for use in a variety of temporary
power applications, such as
recreation vehicles, marine
vehicles, portable pools, portable
generators, submersible pumps,
vending machines and more.

Revision
551.71(A)(B)(C)(F) Receptacle
Requirements at RV Parks
Change Summary
• The NEC now requires the receptacles in RV parks to be
weather-resistant.
Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

Article 551 Recreational Vehicles and Recreational

Vehicle Parks
551.71 Type Receptacles Provided.
(A) 20-Ampere. Every recreational vehicle site with
electrical supply shall be equipped with recreational vehicle
site supply equipment with at least one 20-ampere, 125-volt
weather-resistant receptacle. This receptacle, when used in
recreational vehicle site electrical equipment shall not be
required to be tamper-resistant in accordance with 406.12.
(B) 30-Ampere. A minimum of 70 percent of all recreational
vehicle sites with electrical supply shall each be equipped
with a 30-ampere, 125-volt weather-resistant receptacle
conforming to 551.46(C)(1). The supply shall be permitted
to include additional receptacle configurations conforming to
551.81. The remainder of all recreational vehicle sites with
electrical supply shall be equipped with one or more of the
receptacle configurations conforming to 551.81.
(C) 50-Ampere. A minimum of 20 percent of existing
and 40 percent of all new recreational vehicle sites with
electrical supply, shall each be equipped with a 50-ampere,
125/250-volt weather-resistant receptacle conforming to
the configuration as identified in Figure 551.46(C)(1).
Every recreational vehicle site equipped with a 50-ampere
receptacle shall be also equipped with a 30-ampere, 125-volt
receptacle conforming to Figure 551.46(C)(1).

continued on page 92
91
 continued from page 91
Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

These electrical supplies shall be permitted to include

additional receptacles that have configurations in accordance
with 551.81. The weather-resistant requirement for
50-ampere, 125/250-volt receptacles shall become effective
January 1, 2026.
Informational Note: The percentage of 50-ampere sites required by
551.71 could be inadequate for seasonal recreational vehicle sites
serving a higher percentage of recreational vehicles with 50-ampere
electrical systems. In that type of recreational vehicle park, the
percentage of 50-ampere sites could approach 100 percent.
(F) GFCI Protection
(2) Receptacles Installed in Recreational Vehicle
Site Equipment.
Ground-fault circuit-interrupter protection shall only
be required for 125-volt, single-phase, 15 and
20-ampere receptacles

Expert Analysis
A revision has been accepted that covers requirements
for 30 and 50-ampere receptacles that requires them to
be weather-resistant and conform to Figure 551.46(C)(1)
in the NEC. The weather-resistant requirement for
the 50-ampere receptacles become effective
January 1, 2026.
Leviton Note: Looking carefully at the language used in this article it
says “shall each be equipped with a XX-amp, YYY volt weather-resistant
receptacle” and additional receptacles are permitted as long as they
conform to 551.81. However the article doesn’t say that these additional
receptacles must be WR, nor does 551.81.
In addition, the WR requirement for 50 Amp takes effect Jan. 1, 2026,
however no grace period was given for the 30 Amp receptacle.

Leviton Solution
For RV connection, Leviton offers receptacles to comply with
requirements of Article 551.71 Weather-Resistant GFCI Receptacles
Receptacles at RV sites can take a beating. Leviton’s SmartlockPro®
Weather-Resistant (WR) GFCI receptacles are up to the challenge.
They are UL Listed weather-resistant to comply with Section
551.71(A) of the National Electrical Code®. Constructed with UV
stabilized thermoplastic for high cold impact resistance, the devices
feature stainless steel straps and mounting screws. Rain or shine,
Leviton offers products to meet all your outdoor needs.
Important: Covers must be used with WR GFCI receptacles in damp
or wet locations per NEC Section 406.9(B)(1).

92
 Cat. No. GFWR2 Cat. No. W7313 Cat. No. W0279
20-Amp, 125-Volt, 30-Amp, 125-Volt, 50-Amp 125/250-Volt,
Weather-Resistant. Industrial Grade Industrial Grade
Self-Test Receptacle Flush Mount Flush Mount
Weather-Resistant Weather-Resistant
Receptacle Receptacle

Revision
555.4 Service Equipment Location for a
Floating Structure
Change Summary
• Revision clarifies the distance for the service
equipment location and height above the electrical
datum plane.
Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

Article 555 Marinas, Boatyards, Floating Buildings, and

Commercial and Noncommercial Docking Facilities
555.4 Location of Service Equipment. The service
equipment for a floating building, dock, or marina shall
be located on land no closer than 1.5 m (5 ft) horizontally
from and adjacent to the structure served, but not on or in
the structure itself or any other floating structure. Service
equipment shall be elevated a minimum of 300 mm (12 in.)
above the electrical datum plane.

Expert Analysis
A revision has been made to clarify the distance for the
service location and height above the electrical datum
plane to promote electrical safety and enforceability.
In addition, the new language will provide consistency
between similar requirements in Articles 682 and 555.

continued on page 94
93
 continued from page 93

New
555.14 Equipotential Planes and
Bonding of Equipotential Planes
in Marinas
Change Summary
• New article defines and explains Equipotential Planes.
Please note that it is different than an Electrical
Datum Plane.
Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

Article 555 Marinas, Boatyards, Floating Buildings, and

Commercial and Noncommercial Docking Facilities
555.14 Equipotential Planes and Bonding of
Equipotential Planes. An equipotential plane shall be
installed where required in this section to mitigate step and
touch voltages at electrical equipment. The parts specified
in this section shall be bonded together and to the electrical
grounding system. The bonding conductor shall be solid
copper conductors; insulated, covered, or bare; not smaller
than 8 AWG.
(A) Areas Requiring Equipotential Planes. Equipotential
planes shall be installed adjacent to all outdoor service
equipment or disconnecting means that control equipment in
or on water where the following conditions exist:
(1) Where the system voltage exceeds 250 volts to ground
(2) Where the equipment is located within 3 m (10 ft) of the
body of water
The equipotential plane shall include all metallic enclosures
continued on page 96
94
 Article 555.36

DESIGNED FOR
SUPERIOR
PERFORMANCE
Stainless Steel &
Non-Metallic Disconnects.
Smart. Rugged. Dependable.

LEVITON.COM/
DISCONNECTS
 continued from page 94
Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

and controls that are likely to become energized and are

accessible to personnel. The equipotential plane shall
encompass the area around the equipment and shall extend
from the area directly below the equipment out not less than
900 mm (36 in.) in all directions from which a person would
be able to stand and come in contact with the equipment.
(B) Areas Not Requiring Equipotential Planes.
Equipotential planes shall not be required for the controlled
utilization equipment on the docking facility or floating
building supplied by the service equipment or disconnecting
means.

Expert Analysis
A revision has been made to clarify that enhanced
safety will be achieved by requiring an equipotential
plane to mitigate step and touch voltages for electrical
equipment that supply power to equipment located at or
on docks. In addition, this section correlates with section
682.33 with the same title.

New
555.15 Replacement of Electrical
Equipment at Marinas
Change Summary
• New article addresses requirements for modified
or replaced equipment at a docking facility.
They need to be Code compliant, and inspection
of the circuit is required by a qualified person.
Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

Article 555 Marinas Boatyards, Floating Buildings, and

Commercial and Noncommercial Docking Facilities
555.15 Replacement of Equipment. When modifications
96
 Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

or replacements of electrical enclosures, devices, or

wiring methods are necessary on a docking facility, they
shall be required to comply with the requirements of this
Code and the installation shall require an inspection of the
circuit. Existing equipment that has been damaged shall be
identified, documented, and repaired by a qualified person
to the minimum requirements of the edition of this Code to
which it was originally installed.
Informational Note: NFPA 303-2021, Fire Protection Standard
for Marinas and Boatyards, is a resource for guiding the electrical
inspection of a marina.

Expert Analysis
A new section has been added to address the
requirements for modified or replaced equipment
including an inspection of the circuit. Any damage
found must be repaired. The goal is to eliminate defects
that could contribute to electric shock or drowning.
The new language does not require the entire circuit to
be brought into compliance with the current code, only
the replaced electrical equipment that was originally
modified or changed.

New
555.36(C) Emergency Disconnect for
Shore Power on Docks
Change Summary
• New subsection requiring emergency disconnect and
its location.
Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

Article 555 Marinas Boatyards, Floating Buildings, and

Commercial and Noncommercial Docking Facilities
555.36 Disconnecting Means for Shore Power
Connection(s).
(C) Emergency Electrical Disconnect. Each marina power
outlet or enclosure that provides shore power to boats
shall be provided with a listed emergency shutoff device
or electrical disconnect that is clearly marked “Emergency
Shutoff” in accordance with 110.22(A). The emergency
shutoff device or electrical disconnect shall be within sight
of the marina power outlet or other enclosure that provides
shore power to boats, readily accessible, externally operable,
manually resettable, and listed for use in wet locations.

continued on page 98
97
 continued from page 97
Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

The emergency shutoff device or electrical disconnect shall

de-energize the power supply to all circuits supplied by the
marina power outlet(s) or enclosure(s) that provide shore
power to boats. A circuit breaker handle shall not be used for
this purpose.

Expert Analysis
A new subsection has been added to require an
emergency disconnect within sight of the marina power
outlet or enclosure providing shore power to a boat.
This will allow bystanders to quickly de-energize power
to the boat in an emergency.

Revision/New
625.40 Electric Vehicle Branch Circuit
625.42(A)(B) Sizing EVSE Load According
to Energy Management System
625.43 EVSE Disconnecting Means
Change Summary
• Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment (EVSE) branch circuit
requirements have been modified to allow for more
than 1 EVSE as long as an Energy Management
System (EMS) is used.
Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

Article 625 Electric Vehicle Power Transfer System

625.40 Electric Vehicle Branch Circuit. Each outlet
installed for the purpose of supplying EVSE greater than
16 amperes or 120 volts shall be supplied by an individual
branch circuit.
continued on page 100
98
 EV CHARGING
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• Networked &
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LEVITON.COM/
EVRGREEN
 continued from page 98
Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

Exception: Branch circuits shall be permitted to feed multiple EVSE’s as

permitted by 625.42(A) or (B)
625.42 Rating. The EVSE shall have sufficient rating to
supply the load served. Electric vehicle charging loads shall
be considered to be continuous loads for the purposes of
this article. Service and feeder shall be sized in accordance
with the product ratings, unless the overall rating of the
installation can be limited through controls as permitted by
625.42 (A) or (B).
(A) Energy Management System (EMS). Where an EMS
in accordance with 750.30 provides load management of
EVSE, the maximum equipment load on a service and feeder
shall be the maximum load permitted by the EMS. The EMS
shall be permitted to be integral to one piece of equipment
or integral to a listed system consisting of more than one
piece of equipment. When one or more pieces of equipment
are provided with an internal load management control, the
system shall be marked to indicate this control is provided.
(B) EVSE with Adjustable Settings. EVSE with restricted
access to an ampere adjusting means complying with
750.30(C) shall be permitted. If adjustments have an impact
on the rating label, those changes shall be in accordance
with manufacturer’s instructions, and the adjusted rating
shall appear on the rating label with sufficient durability to
withstand the environment involved. EVSE as referenced
shall be permitted to have ampere ratings that are equal to
the adjusted current settings.
625.43 Disconnecting Means. For EVSE and WPTE rated
more than 60 amperes or more than 150 volts to ground,
the disconnecting means shall be provided and installed in
a readily accessible location. If the disconnecting means
is installed remote from the equipment, a plaque shall be
installed on the equipment denoting the location of the
disconnecting means. The disconnecting means shall be
lockable open in accordance with 110.25
Leviton Note: WPTE stands for Wireless Power Transfer Equipment

Expert Analysis
One EVSE can consume a large portion of an electric
panels amperage, and two or more EVSE’s can exceed
the panels output. So the solution is either a very
expensive service and possibly utility upgrade, or an
energy management system that is smart enough to
alternate current to each EVSE, or limit current to each
EVSE. However the EMS doles out the juice, it does so
where it doesn’t exceed the amperage the circuit
was sized for.

100
Leviton Solution
Leviton offers EVSE for residential and commercial applications.
Below we have identified part our commercial EVSE solution.

Download the
ChargePoint
App to see
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public applications

Revision/New
625.49 Bi-Directional EVSE Power –
“Island Mode”
Change Summary
• The NEC touched on bi-directional power from Electric
Vehicles (EVs) previously in the Code. Now the NEC
has coined the term “Island Mode”.
Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

Article 625 Electric Vehicle Power Transfer System

625.49 Island Mode. EVPE and bidirectional EVSE that
incorporate a power export function shall be permitted to
be part of an interconnected power system operating in
island mode.

Expert Analysis
This article addressing bidirectional power from EV's
takes us a step closer to the day when electric vehicles
can power our homes during a power failure or store
solar energy during the day to be used at night.

101
 New
630.8 GFCI Protection for Receptacles
Used for Hand Tools in Welding Areas
Change Summary
• New subsection requiring GFCI protection for
receptacles powering hand tools and portable
lighting in welding areas.
Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

Article 630 Electric Welders

630.8 Ground-Fault Circuit-Interrupter Protection for
Personnel. All 125-volt, 15- and 20-ampere receptacles for
electrical hand tools or portable lighting equipment, supplied
by single-phase branch circuits rated 150 volts or less to
ground, installed in work areas where welders are operated
shall have ground-fault circuit-interrupter protection
for personnel

Expert Analysis
A new section has been added to require GFCI protection
for personnel for all electric welder applications.
Elevated risks exist in areas where welders are used,
and this requirement adds the necessary safety.

Revision/New
680.5(A)(B(C) GFCI and SPGFCI for
Swimming Pools and Similar Installations
Change Summary
• New subsection requiring Ground Fault protection
beyond that required in 210.8. In addition, a new
Special Purpose Ground-Fault Circuit-Interrupter
(SPGFCI) is being introduced for circuits above
150 volts to ground.
Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

Article 680 Swimming Pools, Fountains, and Similar

Installations
680.5 Ground-Fault Circuit-Interrupter Protection
(GFCI) and Special Purpose Ground-Fault Circuit-
Interrupter (SPGFCI) Protection.
(A) General. The GFCI and SPGFCI requirements in
this article, unless otherwise noted, are in addition to the
requirements in 210.8.
(B) 150 Volts or Less to Ground. Where required in this
continued on page 104
102
 continued from page 102
Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

article, ground-fault protection of receptacles and outlets

on branch circuits rated 150 volts or less to ground and 60
amperes or less, single- or 3-phase, shall be provided with a
Class A GFCI.
Exception: Receptacles and outlets that are part of listed equipment with
ratings not exceeding the low-voltage contact limit that are supplied by listed
transformers or power supplies that comply with 680.23(A)(2) shall not be
required to be provided with ground-fault protection.
Informational Note: The high leg of a 120/240-volt 4-wire delta-
connected system, and the two ungrounded phases of a corner-
grounded delta system have a voltage to ground greater than 150
volts, exceeding the limit for a Class A GFCI.
(C) Above 150 Volts to Ground. Where required in this
article, ground-fault protection of receptacles and outlets
on branch circuits operating at voltages above 150 volts to
ground, not exceeding 480 volts phase-to-phase, single-
or 3-phase, shall be provided with SPGFCI protection
not to exceed 20-mA ground-fault trip current.
Informational Note: See UL 943C, Outline of Investigation for
Special Purpose Ground-Fault Circuit Interrupters,
for information on Classes C, D, and E ground-fault
circuit interrupters

Expert Analysis
A revision has been made to clarify the requirements
for ground-fault protection to protect personnel from
shock hazards. The ground-fault circuit-interrupter
protection (GFCI) and special purpose ground-fault
circuit-interrupter protection (SPGFCI), unless otherwise
noted, are in addition to the requirements in 210.8,
which address the requirements for 150 volts or less
to ground and above 150 volts to ground.

Revision/New
680.10 Incorporating Heat Pumps into
Swimming Pool Circulation Equipment
Change Summary
• New subsection addressing the use of heat pumps and
associated apparatus for swimming pool installations.
Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

Article 680 Swimming Pools, Fountains,

and Similar Installations
680.10 Electric Pool Water Heaters Incorporating
Resistive Heating Elements and Electrically Powered
Swimming Pool Heat Pumps and Chillers.
(B) Electrically Powered Swimming Pool Heat Pumps
continued on page 106
104
 continued from page 104
Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

and Chillers. Electrically powered swimming pool heat

pumps and chillers using the circulating water system and
providing heating, cooling, or both, shall be listed and rated
for their intended use. The ampacity of the branch-circuit
conductors and the rating or setting of overcurrent protective
devices shall be sized to comply with the nameplate.

Expert Analysis
A new subpart has been added to clarify the
requirements for electrically powered swimming
pool heat pumps and chillers.

Revision/New
680.12(B) GFCI Protected Receptacle
Required in Pool Equipment Room
Change Summary
• New subpart addresses GFCI protection for receptacles
installed in pool equipment rooms, vaults and pits.
Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

Article 680 Swimming Pools, Fountains,

and Similar Installations
680.12 Equipment Rooms, Vaults, and Pits.
(B) Receptacles. At least one GFCI-protected 125-volt,
15- or 20-ampere receptacle supplied from a general purpose
branch circuit shall be located within an equipment room.
All other receptacles supplied by branch circuits rated 150
volts or less to ground within an equipment room and any
receptacles supplied by a branch circuit rated 150 volts or
less to ground in a vault or pit shall be GFCI protected.

Expert Analysis
A new subpart has been relocated from 680.22(A)
(5) to clarify that this requirement would only apply to
an equipment room for a permanently installed pool.
106
It would not apply to an equipment room for a spa or
hot tub, fountain, etc. An equipment room for fountain
pumps, chlorinators, etc. is common at hotels and other
installations. This type of equipment room should also
have a GFCI protected receptacle.
A GFCI protected receptable is needed for installers and
maintainers who service equipment in these rooms.

Leviton Solution
When it comes to outdoor GFCI protection, it’s smart
to choose SmartlockPro® GFCIs.
Our large selection includes outdoor grade
Weather-Resistant versions that are also
tamper-resistant. Constructed with UV
stabilized thermoplastic for high cold impact
resistance, the devices feature stainless steel
straps and mounting screws. For the increased
power that agricultural environments demand,
Leviton’s 20-Amp GFCI’s are up to the test.
Important: Covers must be used with WR GFCI
receptacles in damp or wet locations per Cat. No.
NEC Section 406.9. GFWT2-KW

Revision/New
680.22(A)(4) GFCI Requirements Around
Pool and Similar Areas Expanded
Change Summary
• Change expands GFCI requirements around pools to
include up to 250 volt receptacles.
Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

Article 680 Swimming Pools, Fountains,

and Similar Installations
680.22 Lighting, Receptacles, and Equipment
(A) Receptacles
(4) Ground-Fault Circuit-Interrupter (GFCI) and

continued on page 108

107
 continued from page 107
Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

Special Purpose Ground-Fault Circuit-Interrupter

(SPGFCI) Protection. All receptacles rated 125 volts
through 250 volts, 60 amperes or less, located within 6.0
m (20 ft.) of the inside walls of a pool shall have GFCI
protection complying with 680.5(B) or SPGFCI protection
complying with 680,5(C), as applicable

Expert Analysis
The NEC wants receptacles over 150V to ground to have
GFCI or SPGFCI protection.

Revision
700.3(A) Commissioning of Emergency
Systems
706.7(A) Commissioning of Energy
Storage Systems
Change Summary
• Previously in the Code the installer had to test
Emergency Systems as witnessed by an inspector.
Now the NEC has taken it a step further by having the
system commissioned. This can be more involved and
time consuming for the installer.
Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

Article 700 – Emergency Systems

700.3 Tests and Maintenance
(A) Commissioning Witness Test. The authority having
Jurisdiction shall conduct or witness the commissioning
of the complete system upon installation and
periodically afterward.
Informational Note: See NECA 90, Standard for Commissioning
Building Electrical Systems.
Article 706 Energy Storage Systems
706.7 Commissioning and Maintenance
(A) Commissioning. ESSs shall be commissioned upon
installation. This shall not apply in one-and-two
family dwellings
Informational Note: See NFPA 855-2020, Standard for the
installation of secondary energy storage systems, for information
related to the commissioning of ESSs.

Expert Analysis
In Article 100, commissioning is defined as: “The process,
procedures and testing used to set-up and verify
the initial performance, operational controls, safety
systems and sequence of operation of electrical devices
108
and equipment, prior to it being placed into active
service (CMP-13)”. This seems to go beyond installing
and testing to ensure the system works. On more
complex systems commissioning is often done with a
manufacturers rep, the installer and the facility manager.
The facility manager typically learns proper use of the
system. All this is good practice, but all this hand-holding
takes time, and time is money. Installers will need to take
this into consideration when bidding these jobs.
Lastly, I can see this requirement expanding into
different electrical systems as the electrical industry
gets increasingly more technical and complex.

New
700.11(A)(B)(C)(D) Wiring, Class-2
Powered Emergency Lighting Systems
Change Summary
• New section addresses Class 2 powered emergency
lighting systems.
Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

Article 700 – Emergency Systems

700.11 Wiring, Class-2-Powered Emergency Lighting
Systems.
(A) General. Line voltage supply wiring and installation
of Class 2 emergency lighting control devices shall comply
with 700.10. Class 2 emergency circuits shall comply with
700.11(B) through (D).
(B) Identification. Emergency circuits shall be permanently
marked so they will be readily identified as a component of
an emergency circuit or system by the following methods:
(1) All boxes and enclosures for Class 2 emergency
circuits shall be permanently marked as a component of an
emergency circuit or system.
(2) Exposed cable, cable tray, or raceways systems shall be
permanently marked to be identified as a component of an
emergency circuit or system, within 900 mm (3 ft) of each
connector and at intervals not to exceed 7.6 m (25 ft).
(C) Separation of Circuits. Class 2 emergency circuits shall
be wired in a listed, jacketed cable or with one of the wiring
methods of Chapter 3. If installed alongside nonemergency
Class 2 circuits that are bundled, Class 2 emergency
circuits shall be bundled separately. If installed alongside
nonemergency Class 2 circuits that are not bundled,
Class 2 emergency circuits shall be separated by a
nonconductive sleeve or nonconductive barrier from all
continued on page 110
109
 continued from page 109
Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

other Class 2 circuits. Separation from other circuits shall

comply with 725.136.
(D) Protection. Wiring shall comply with the requirements
of 300.4 and be installed in a raceway, armored or metal-
clad cable, or cable tray.
Exception No. 1: Section 700.11(D) shall not apply to wiring that does not
exceed 1.83 m (6 ft) in length and that terminates at an emergency luminaire
or an emergency lighting control device.
Exception No. 2: Section 700.11(D) shall not apply to locked rooms or locked
enclosures that are accessible only to qualified persons.
Informational Note: Locked rooms accessible only to qualified
persons include locked telecommunications rooms, locked electrical
equipment rooms, or other access-controlled areas.

Expert Analysis
A new section has been added to address Class 2
powered emergency lighting systems. Due to new
technologies, such as power over ethernet and
low-power consumption LED luminaires,
these systems utilize Class 2 conductors to deliver
power, control signals, or both from a central device
to one or more emergency luminaires.

Leviton Solution
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110
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© 2022 Leviton Manufacturing Co., Inc.

 New
722 Cables for Power-Limited Circuits
and Fault-Managed Power Circuits
724 Class 1 Power-Limited Circuits and
Remote Control & Signaling Circuits
726 Class 4 Fault Managed Power Systems
Change Summary
• Power limited circuits are being utilized more often due
to emerging new technologies like Power Over Ethernet
(POE) and others. The NEC recognizes this and revised/
added new text to ensure best installation practices.
Since Articles 722, 724 and 726 are entirely new, they
are too lengthy to include in this guide. This guide
serves to make you aware of the new articles and
their scope. If you work in these areas you are best
served to read the complete text in the NFPA70.
Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

Article 722 Cables for Power-Limited Circuits

and Fault-Managed Power Circuit.
Part I. General
722.1 Scope.
722.3 Other Articles.
722.10 Hazardous (Classified) Locations.
722.12 Uses Not Permitted.
722.21 Access to Electrical Equipment Behind Panels
Designed to Allow Access.
722.24 Mechanical Execution of Work.
722.25 Abandoned Cables.
722.31 Safety-Control Equipment.
722.135 Installation of Cables.
Part II. Listing Requirements
722.179 Listing and Marking of Cables

Article 724 Class 1 Power-Limited Circuits and Class 1

Power-Limited Remote-Control and Signaling Circuits.
724.1 Scope.
724.3 Other Articles.
724.21 Access to Electrical Equipment Behind Panels
Designed to Allow Access.
724.24 Mechanical Execution of Work.
724.30 Class 1 Circuit Identification.
724.31 Safety-Controlled Equipment.
724.40 Class 1 Circuits.
724.43 Class 1 Circuit Overcurrent Protection.
112 continued on page 114
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 continued from page 112
Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

724.45 Class 1 Circuit Overcurrent Device Location.

724.46 Class 1 Circuit Wiring Methods.
724.48 Conductors of Different Circuits in the Same
Cable, Cable Tray, Enclosure, or Raceway.
724.49 Class 1 Circuit Conductors.
724.52 Circuits Extending Beyond One Building.

Article 726 Class 4 Fault-Managed Power Systems.

Part I. General.
726.1 Scope.
726.3 Other Articles.
726.10 Hazardous (Classified) Locations.
726.12 Uses Not Permitted.
726.24 Mechanical Execution of Work.
Part II. Class 4 Circuits.
726.121 Power Sources for Class 4 Circuits.
726.122 Class 4 Loads.
726.124 Class 4 Marking.
726.130 Terminals and Connectors.
726.136 Separation from Electric Light, Power, Class 1,
Non–Power-Limited Fire Alarm Circuit, and Medium-
Power Network-Powered Broadband Communications
Cables.
726.139 Installation of Conductors of Different Circuits
in the Same Cable, Enclosure, Cable Tray, Raceway, or
Cable Routing Assembly.
726.144 Ampacity
Part III. Listing Requirements.
726.170 Listing of Equipment for Class 4 Systems.

Expert Analysis
New articles have been added to address:
• Cables for power-limited circuits, fault-managed circuit,
Optical Fiber.
• Class 1 power-limited circuits and Class 1 power-limited
remote-control and signaling circuits.
• Class 4 fault-managed power systems.

Leviton Solution
When addressing emerging technologies and advanced
low-voltage circuitry, Leviton Network Solutions must
be considered.
Leviton offers best-in-class copper and fiber cables that
are tested to perform beyond industry standards.
From Cat 6A cable for high-speed 10GbE networks to
continued on page 116
114
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 continued from page 114

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116
Revision/New
800.3(H) Grounding of Metal Shields of
Communications Cables
Change Summary
• New subsection addresses requirements of grounding
shields in communications systems.
Material taken from the National Electric Code® is reprinted with permission
NEC® Text from NFPA 70®, 2023 edition. National Electrical Code®, Copyright 2022,
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. All rights reserved.

Article 800 General Requirements for

Communications Systems
800.3 Other Articles.
(H) Bonding and Grounding of Cable Shields. The
requirements of 250.4(A)(5) shall apply to the metal shields
of cables used for communications.

Expert Analysis
A new subsection has been added to address the
requirements to ground metal cable shields due to
the possibility of the shields becoming energized
and thereby pose a fire or shock hazard. In addition,
grounding shields is a good practice in efforts to reduce
noise and interference.

117
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