ASME BOILER AND PRESSURE VESSEL CODE

AN INTERNATIONAL CODE

RECOMMENDED
GUIDELINES FOR
THE CARE OF
POWER BOILERS

2001 Edition
July 1, 2001

ASME BOILER AND

PRESSURE VESSEL
COMMITTEE
SUBCOMMITTEE ON
POWER BOILERS
SUBGROUP ON
CARE OF POWER
BOILERS (SC I)
THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
NEW YORK, NEW YORK

COPYRIGHT American Society of Mechanical Engineers

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 Date of Issuance: July 1, 2001
(Includes all Addenda dated July 2000 and earlier)

This international code or standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for American National
Standards and it is an American National Standard. The Standards Committee that approved the code or standard was balanced to
assure that individuals from competent and concerned interests have had an opportunity to participate. The proposed code or standard
was made available for public review and comment that provides an opportunity for additional public input from industry, academia,
regulatory agencies, and the public-at-large.
ASME does not “approve,” “rate,” or “endorse” any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity.
ASME does not take any position with respect to the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any items mentioned
in this document, and does not undertake to insure anyone utilizing a standard against liability for infringement of any applicable
letters patent, nor assume any such liability. Users of a code or standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of
any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, is entirely their own responsibility.
Participation by federal agency representative(s) or person(s) affiliated with industry is not to be interpreted as government or
industry endorsement of this code or standard.
ASME accepts responsibility for only those interpretations of this document issued in accordance with the established ASME
procedures and policies, which precludes the issuance of interpretations by individuals.

The footnotes in this document are part of this American National Standard.

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“ASME” is the trademark of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers.

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otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher.

Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 56-3934

Printed in the United States of America

Adopted by the Council of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1914.

Revised 1940, 1941, 1943, 1946, 1949, 1952, 1953, 1956, 1959, 1962, 1965, 1968, 1971, 1974, 1977, 1980, 1983, 1986,
1989, 1992, 1995, 1998, 2001

The American Society of Mechanical Engineers

Three Park Avenue, New York NY 10016-5990

Copyright © 2001 by
THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
All Rights Reserved

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 2001 ASME
BOILER AND PRESSURE VESSEL CODE
SECTIONS
I Rules for Construction of Power Boilers
II Materials
Part A — Ferrous Material Specifications
Part B — Nonferrous Material Specifications
Part C — Specifications for Welding Rods, Electrodes, and Filler Metals
Part D — Properties
III Subsection NCA — General Requirements for Division 1 and Division 2
III Division 1
Subsection NB — Class 1 Components
Subsection NC — Class 2 Components
Subsection ND — Class 3 Components
Subsection NE — Class MC Components
Subsection NF — Supports
Subsection NG — Core Support Structures
Subsection NH — Class 1 Components in Elevated Temperature Service
Appendices
III Division 2 — Code for Concrete Reactor Vessels and Containments
III Division 3 — Containment Systems for Storage and Transport Packagings of Spent Nuclear Fuel
and High Level Radioactive Material and Waste
IV Rules for Construction of Heating Boilers
V Nondestructive Examination
VI Recommended Rules for the Care and Operation of Heating Boilers
VII Recommended Guidelines for the Care of Power Boilers
VIII Rules for Construction of Pressure Vessels
Division 1
Division 2 — Alternative Rules
Division 3 — Alternative Rules for Construction of High Pressure Vessels
IX Welding and Brazing Qualifications
X Fiber-Reinforced Plastic Pressure Vessels
XI Rules for Inservice Inspection of Nuclear Power Plant Components

ADDENDA
Colored-sheet Addenda, which include additions and revisions to individual Sections of the Code, are
published annually and will be sent automatically to purchasers of the applicable Sections up to the
publication of the 2004 Code. The 2001 Code is available only in the loose-leaf format; accordingly,
the Addenda will be issued in the loose-leaf, replacement-page format.

INTERPRETATIONS
ASME issues written replies to inquiries concerning interpretation of technical aspects of the Code.
The Interpretations for each individual Section will be published separately and will be included as
part of the update service to that Section. They will be issued semiannually (July and December) up
to the publication of the 2004 Code. Interpretations of Section III, Divisions 1 and 2, will be included
with the update service to Subsection NCA.

CODE CASES
The Boiler and Pressure Vessel Committee meets regularly to consider proposed additions and revisions
to the Code and to formulate Cases to clarify the intent of existing requirements or provide, when the
need is urgent, rules for materials or constructions not covered by existing Code rules. Those Cases
which have been adopted will appear in the appropriate 2001 Code Cases book: (1) Boilers and Pressure
Vessels and (2) Nuclear Components. Supplements will be sent automatically to the purchasers of the
Code Cases books up to the publication of the 2004 Code.

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 CONTENTS
A Detailed Contents Precedes Each Subsection and the Appendices

Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii
Statements of Policy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xi
Personnel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiii
Preamble. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxiii
Summary of Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxv

Subsection C1 Fundamentals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Subsection C2 Boiler Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Subsection C3 Boiler Auxiliaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Subsection C4 Appurtenances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Subsection C5 Instrumentation, Controls, and Interlocks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Subsection C6 Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Subsection C7 Repairs, Alterations, and Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
Subsection C8 Control of Internal Chemical Conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Subsection C9 Preventing Boiler Failures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105

Mandatory Appendix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115

Nonmandatory Appendices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
SI Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143

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 FOREWORD

The American Society of Mechanical Engineers set programs for design or analysis are cautioned that they
up a committee in 1911 for the purpose of formulating are responsible for all technical assumptions inherent
standard rules for the construction of steam boilers and in the programs they use and they are responsible for
other pressure vessels. This committee is now called the application of these programs to their design.
the Boiler and Pressure Vessel Committee. The Code does not fully address tolerances. When
The Committee’s function is to establish rules of dimensions, sizes, or other parameters are not specified
safety governing the design, fabrication, and inspection with tolerances, the values of these parameters are
during construction of boilers and pressure vessels, and considered nominal and allowable tolerances or local
to interpret these rules when questions arise regarding variances may be considered acceptable when based
their intent. In formulating the rules, the Committee on engineering judgment and standard practices as
considers the needs of users, manufacturers, and inspec- determined by the designer.
tors of pressure vessels. The objective of the rules is The Boiler and Pressure Vessel Committee deals
to afford reasonably certain protection of life and with the care and inspection of boilers and pressure
property and to provide a margin for deterioration in
vessels in service only to the extent of providing
service so as to give a reasonably long, safe period
suggested rules of good practice as an aid to owners
of usefulness. Advancements in design and material
and their inspectors.
and the evidence of experience have been recognized.
The rules established by the Committee are not to
This Code contains mandatory requirements, specific
be interpreted as approving, recommending, or endors-
prohibitions, and nonmandatory guidance for construc-
tion1 activities. The Code does not address all aspects ing any proprietary or specific design or as limiting
of these activities and those aspects which are not in any way the manufacturer’s freedom to choose any
specifically addressed should not be considered prohib- method of design or any form of construction that
ited. The Code is not a handbook and cannot replace conforms to the Code rules.
education, experience, and the use of engineering judg- The Boiler and Pressure Vessel Committee meets
ment. The phrase engineering judgment refers to techni- regularly to consider revisions of the rules, new rules
cal judgments made by knowledgeable designers experi- as dictated by technological development, Code Cases,
enced in the application of the Code. Engineering and requests for interpretations. Only the Boiler and
judgments must be consistent with Code philosophy Pressure Vessel Committee has the authority to provide
and such judgments must never be used to overrule official interpretations of this Code. Requests for revi-
mandatory requirements or specific prohibitions of sions, new rules, Code Cases, or interpretations shall
the Code. be addressed to the Secretary in writing and shall give
The Committee recognizes that tools and techniques full particulars in order to receive consideration and
used for design and analysis change as technology action (see Mandatory Appendix covering preparation
progresses and expects engineers to use good judgment of technical inquiries). Proposed revisions to the Code
in the application of these tools. The designer is respon- resulting from inquiries will be presented to the Main
sible for complying with Code rules and demonstrating Committee for appropriate action. The action of the
compliance with Code equations when such equations Main Committee becomes effective only after confirma-
are mandatory. The Code neither requires nor prohibits tion by letter ballot of the Committee and approval by
the use of computers for the design or analysis of ASME.
components constructed to the requirements of the Proposed revisions to the Code approved by the
Code. However, designers and engineers using computer Committee are submitted to the American National
1
Standards Institute and published in Mechanical Engi-
Construction, as used in this Foreword, is an all-inclusive term
comprising materials, design, fabrication, examination, inspection, neering to invite comments from all interested persons.
testing, certification, and pressure relief. After the allotted time for public review and final

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 approval by ASME, revisions are published annually involves exceptions, omissions, or changes in provisions,
in Addenda to the Code. the intent of the Code might not be attained.
Code Cases may be used in the construction of Where a state or other regulatory body, in the printing
components to be stamped with the ASME Code symbol of any Section of the Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code,
beginning with the date of their approval by ASME. makes additions or omissions, it is recommended that
After Code revisions are approved by ASME, they such changes be clearly indicated.
may be used beginning with the date of issuance shown The National Board of Boiler and Pressure Vessel
on the Addenda. Revisions, except for revisions to Inspectors is composed of chief inspectors of states
material specifications in Section II, Parts A and B, and municipalities in the United States and of provinces
become mandatory 6 months after such date of issuance, in Canada that have adopted the Boiler and Pressure
except for boilers or pressure vessels contracted for Vessel Code. This Board, since its organization in 1919,
prior to the end of the 6 month period. Revisions to has functioned to uniformly administer and enforce the
material specifications are originated by the American rules of the Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code. The
Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), and other cooperation of that organization with the Boiler and
recognized national or international organizations and Pressure Vessel Committee has been extremely helpful.
are usually adopted by ASME. However, those revisions The Code Committee does not rule on whether a
may or may not have any effect on the suitability of component shall or shall not be constructed to the
material, produced to earlier editions of specifications, provisions of the Code. The Scope of each Section
for use in ASME construction. ASME material specifi- has been established to identify the components and
cations approved for use in each construction Code are parameters considered by the Committee in formulating
listed in the Appendices of Section II, Parts A and B. the Code rules. Laws or regulations issued by municipal-
These Appendices list, for each specification, the latest ity, state, provincial, federal, or other enforcement or
edition adopted by ASME, and earlier and later editions regulatory bodies having jurisdiction at the location of
considered by ASME to be identical for ASME con- an installation establish the mandatory applicability of
struction. the Code rules, in whole or in part, within their
jurisdiction. Those laws or regulations may require the
Manufacturers and users of components are cautioned
use of this Code for vessels or components not consid-
against making use of revisions and Cases that are less
ered to be within its Scope or may establish additions or
restrictive than former requirements without having
deletions in that Scope. Accordingly, inquiries regarding
assurance that they have been accepted by the proper
such laws or regulations are to be directed to the
authorities in the jurisdiction where the component is
issuing enforcement or regulatory body.
to be installed.
Questions or issues regarding compliance of a specific
Each state and municipality in the United States and
component with the Code rules are to be directed to
each province in Canada that adopts or accepts one or
the ASME Certificate Holder (Manufacturer). Inquiries
more Sections of the Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code
concerning the interpretation of the Code are to be
is invited to appoint a representative to act on the
directed to the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel
Conference Committee to the Boiler and Pressure Vessel Committee. ASME is to be notified should questions
Committee. Since the members of the Conference Com- arise concerning improper use of an ASME Code
mittee are in active contact with the administration and symbol.
enforcement of the rules, the requirements for inspection The specifications for materials given in Section II
in this Code correspond with those in effect in their are identical with or similar to those of the Specifications
respective jurisdictions. The required qualifications for published by ASTM, AWS, and other recognized na-
an Authorized Inspector under these rules may be tional or international organizations. When reference is
obtained from the administrative authority of any state, made in an ASME material specification to a non-
municipality, or province which has adopted these rules. ASME specification for which a companion ASME
The Boiler and Pressure Vessel Committee in the specification exists, the reference shall be interpreted
formulation of its rules and in the establishment of as applying to the ASME material specification. Not
maximum design and operating pressures considers all materials included in the material specifications in
materials, construction, methods of fabrication, inspec- Section II have been adopted for Code use. Usage is
tion, and safety devices. Permission may be granted limited to those materials and grades adopted by at
to regulatory bodies and organizations publishing safety least one of the other Sections of the Code for applica-
standards to use a complete Section of the Code by tion under rules of that Section. All materials allowed
reference. If usage of a Section, such as Section IX, by these various Sections and used for construction

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 within the scope of their rules shall be furnished in Appendix A of Part A or Part B may also be used
accordance with material specifications contained in in accordance with the above, provided the material
Section II or referenced in Appendices A of Section manufacturer or vessel manufacturer certifies with evi-
II, Parts A and B except where otherwise provided in dence acceptable to the Authorized Inspector that the
Code Cases or in the applicable Section of the Code. corresponding requirements of specifications listed in
Materials covered by these specifications are acceptable Appendix A of Part A or Part B have been met.
for use in items covered by the Code Sections only Material produced to an acceptable material specification
is not limited as to country of origin.
to the degree indicated in the applicable Section. Materi-
When required by context in this Section, the singular
als for Code use should preferably be ordered, produced,
shall be interpreted as the plural, and vice-versa; and
and documented on this basis; Appendix A to Section the feminine, masculine, or neuter gender shall be
II, Part A and Appendix A to Section II, Part B list treated as such other gender as appropriate.
editions of ASME and year dates of specifications that Publication of the SI (Metric) Edition of the ASME
meet ASME requirements and which may be used in Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code was discontinued with
Code construction. Material produced to an acceptable the 1986 Edition. Effective October 1, 1986, the SI
specification with requirements different from the re- Edition was withdrawn as an ASME Boiler and Pressure
quirements of the corresponding specifications listed in Vessel Code document.

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 STATEMENT OF POLICY
ON THE USE OF CODE SYMBOLS AND
CODE AUTHORIZATION IN ADVERTISING

ASME has established procedures to authorize quali- “rate,” or “endorse” any item, construction, or activity
fied organizations to perform various activities in ac- and there shall be no statements or implications that
cordance with the requirements of the ASME Boiler might so indicate. An organization holding a Code
and Pressure Vessel Code. It is the aim of the Society Symbol and /or a Certificate of Authorization may state
to provide recognition of organizations so authorized. in advertising literature that items, constructions, or
An organization holding authorization to perform vari- activities “are built (produced or performed) or activities
ous activities in accordance with the requirements of conducted in accordance with the requirements of the
the Code may state this capability in its advertising ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code,” or “meet
literature. the requirements of the ASME Boiler and Pressure
Organizations that are authorized to use Code Symbols Vessel Code.”
for marking items or constructions that have been con- The ASME Symbol shall be used only for stamping
structed and inspected in compliance with the ASME and nameplates as specifically provided in the Code.
Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code are issued Certificates of However, facsimiles may be used for the purpose of
Authorization. It is the aim of the Society to maintain the fostering the use of such construction. Such usage may
standing of the Code Symbols for the benefit of the users, be by an association or a society, or by a holder of a Code
the enforcement jurisdictions, and the holders of the sym- Symbol who may also use the facsimile in advertising to
bols who comply with all requirements. show that clearly specified items will carry the symbol.
Based on these objectives, the following policy has General usage is permitted only when all of a manufactur-
been established on the usage in advertising of facsimiles er’s items are constructed under the rules.
of the symbols, Certificates of Authorization, and refer- The ASME logo, which is the cloverleaf with the
ence to Code construction. The American Society of letters ASME within, shall not be used by any organiza-
Mechanical Engineers does not “approve,” “certify,” tion other than ASME.

STATEMENT OF POLICY
ON THE USE OF ASME MARKING
TO IDENTIFY MANUFACTURED ITEMS

The ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code provides not constructed in accordance with all of the applicable
rules for the construction of boilers, pressure vessels, and requirements of the Code.
nuclear components. This includes requirements for mate- Items shall not be described on ASME Data Report
rials, design, fabrication, examination, inspection, and Forms nor on similar forms referring to ASME that
stamping. Items constructed in accordance with all of the tend to imply that all Code requirements have been
applicable rules of the Code are identified with the official met when, in fact, they have not been. Data Report
Code Symbol Stamp described in the governing Section of Forms covering items not fully complying with ASME
the Code. requirements should not refer to ASME or they should
Markings such as “ASME,” “ASME Standard,” or clearly identify all exceptions to the ASME require-
any other marking including “ASME” or the various ments.
Code Symbols shall not be used on any item that is

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 PERSONNEL
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Committee
Subcommittees, Subgroups, and Working Groups
As of January 1, 2001

MAIN COMMITTEE MARINE CONFERENCE GROUP

D. A. Canonico, Chair W. M. Lundy J. Tiratto, Chair J. L. Jones

G. G. Karcher, Vice Chair J. R. MacKay L. W. Douthwaite G. F. Wright
J. S. Brzuszkiewicz, Secretary T. G. McCarty
R. W. Barnes U. R. Miller
F. P. Barton G. C. Millman
D. L. Berger R. A. Moen
M. D. Bernstein P. A. Molvie CONFERENCE COMMITTEE
M. N. Bressler C. C. Neely
P. J. Conlisk T. P. Pastor A. J. Justin — Ohio (Secretary) J. Lemire — California
R. E. Feigel C. J. Pieper R. J. Aben, Jr. — Michigan C. Lundine — Oregon
J. G. Feldstein R. F. Reedy E. A. Anderson — Chicago, Il- S. E. Lyons — Arkansas
R. E. Gimple B. W. Roberts linois M. A. Malek — Florida
M. Gold F. J. Schaaf, Jr. J. Anderson — South Dakota G. F. Mankel — Alaska
O. F. Hedden A. Selz R. B. Barkdoll — Washington I. W. Mault — Manitoba,
A. J. Justin D. E. Tanner R. Barlett — Arizona Canada
D. F. Landers F. P. Barton — Virginia H. T. McEwen — Mississippi
D. E. Burns — Nebraska A. W. Meiring — Indiana
C. Castle — Nova Scotia, R. Mile — Ontario, Canada
Canada M. F. Mooney — Massachu-
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE (MAIN COMMITTEE) R. R. Cate — Louisiana setts
L. Chase — Northwest Territo- Y. Nagpaul — Hawaii
G. G. Karcher, Chair O. F. Hedden ries, Canada J. D. Payton — Pennsylvania
D. A. Canonico, Vice Chair A. J. Justin R. A. Coomes — Kentucky D. K. Peetz — Missouri
J. S. Brzuszkiewicz, Secretary J. R. MacKay J. Corcoran — Connecticut M. R. Peterson — Alaska
J. G. Feldstein T. P. Pastor D. A. Douin — Illinois D. C. Price — Yukon Territory,
M. Gold D. Eastman — Newfoundland Canada
and Labrador, Canada R. S. Pucek — Wisconsin
G. L. Ebeyer — New Orleans, C. D. Redmond — Michigan
Louisiana R. D. Reetz — North Dakota
HONORARY MEMBERS (MAIN COMMITTEE) E. Everett — Georgia D. E. Ross — New Brunswick,
P. C. Hackford — Utah Canada
R. D. Bonner R. C. Griffin D. H. Hanrath — North Car- M. Shuff — West Virginia
R. J. Bosnak E. J. Hemzy olina N. Surtees — Saskatchewan,
H. M. Canavan J. E. Lattan J. B. Harlan — Delaware Canada
L. J. Chockie J. LeCoff M. L. Holloway — Oklahoma M. J. Verhagen — Wisconsin
J. S. Clarke F. N. Moschini K. Hynes — Prince Edward M. Washington — New Jersey
W. E. Cooper W. E. Somers Island, Canada R. B. West — Iowa
W. D. Doty L. P. Zick, Jr. D. T. Jagger — Ohio M. J. Wheel — Vermont
D. J. Jenkins — Kansas R. K. White — New York
M. Kotb — Quebec, Canada T. F. Wickham — Rhode Island
K. T. Lau — Alberta, Canada C. S. Withers — Colorado
HONORS AND AWARDS COMMITTEE

J. R. MacKay, Chair M. Gold

A. J. Spencer, Vice Chair F. E. Gregor
M. R. Argenziano, Secretary D. P. Jones INTERNATIONAL INTEREST REVIEW GROUP
F. P. Barton T. P. Pastor
M. D. Bernstein C. J. Pieper V. Felix P. Williamson
J. G. Feldstein L. S. Hung

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 SUBCOMMITTEE ON POWER BOILERS (SC I) SUBCOMMITTEE ON MATERIALS (SC II)

J. R. MacKay, Chair T. C. McGough M. Gold, Chair R. K. Nanstad

M. D. Bernstein, Vice Chair R. E. McLaughlin R. A. Moen, Vice Chair M. L. Nayyar
J. N. Shih, Secretary P. A. Molvie N. Lobo, Secretary E. G. Nisbett
D. L. Berger D. K. Parrish D. C. Agarwal J. T. Parsons
E. Everett J. T. Pillow W. R. Apblett, Jr. D. W. Rahoi
F. R. Gerety R. G. Presnak M. N. Bressler B. W. Roberts
J. Hainsworth B. W. Roberts J. Cameron J. T. Parsons
T. E. Hansen R. D. Schueler, Jr. W. D. Doty D. W. Rahoi
J. S. Hunter R. V. Wielgoszinski D. W. Gandy B. W. Roberts
C. F. Jeerings R. L. Williams M. H. Gilkey R. R. Seeley
W. L. Lowry J. J. Heger E. Shapiro
J. F. Henry C. E. Spaeder, Jr.
C. L. Hoffmann R. W. Swindeman
G. C. Hsu J. M. Tanzosh
Subgroup on Design (SC I) F. Masuyama B. E. Thurgood
J. R. Maurer R. S. Vecchio
M. D. Bernstein, Chair J. D. Fishburn
R. D. Schueler, Jr., Vice Chair C. F. Jeerings
P. A. Molvie, Secretary N. Surtees
M. L. Coats R. V. Wielgoszinski Honorary Members (SC II)

A. P. Ahrendt W. D. Edsall
R. Dirscherl A. W. Zeuthen
Subgroup on Fabrication and Examination (SC I)

D. L. Berger, Chair S. C. Petitgout

Subgroup on External Pressure (SC II & SC-D)
R. E. McLaughlin, Secretary J. T. Pillow
J. Hainsworth R. D. Schueler, Jr.
T. E. Hansen R. V. Wielgoszinski R. W. Mikitka, Chair D. L. Kurle
T. C. McGough B. R. Morelock, Secretary E. Michalopoulos
D. C. Agarwal D. Nadel
D. J. Green D. F. Shaw
D. S. Griffin C. E. Spaeder, Jr.
M. Katcher C. H. Sturgeon
Subgroup on General Requirements (SC I)

T. C. McGough, Chair C. F. Jeerings

M. D. Bernstein, Vice Chair J. M. Lyons
Subgroup on Ferrous Specifications (SC II)
W. L. Lowry, Secretary R. E. McLaughlin
D. L. Berger D. K. Parrish
E. G. Nisbett, Chair W. C. Mack
E. Everett J. T. Pillow
K. L. Aber J. R. Maurer
F. R. Gerety R. L. Williams
A. Appleton A. S. Melilli
J. Hainsworth
B. M. Dingman K. E. Orie
T. Graham E. Upitis
W. N. Holliday R. Zawierucha
D. Janikowski A. W. Zeuthen
Subgroup on Materials (SC I) D. C. Krouse R. H. Zong
J. F. Longenecker
B. W. Roberts, Chair F. Masuyama
J. S. Hunter, Secretary J. M. Tanzosh
J. F. Henry H. N. Titer, Jr.
J. P. Libbrecht Subgroup on International Material Specifications (SC II)

R. R. Seeley, Chair H. Masahisa

W. M. Lundy, Secretary F. Osweiller
Subgroup on Piping (SC I) D. C. Agarwal J. T. Parsons
J. Cameron R. D. Schueler, Jr.
T. E. Hansen, Chair W. L. Lowry W. D. Doty R. C. Soin
D. L. Berger T. C. McGough D. M. Fryer E. A. Steen
M. D. Bernstein R. G. Presnak J. P. Glaspie E. Upitis
P. D. Edwards E. A. Whittle M. Gold

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 Subgroup on Nonferrous Alloys (SC II) Subgroup on Containment Systems for Spent Fuel
and High-Level Waste Transport Packagings (SC III)
D. W. Rahoi, Chair G. C. Hsu
D. C. Agarwal, Secretary M. Katcher G. M. Foster, Chair T. J. Neider
W. R. Apblett, Jr. A. G. Kireta, Jr. G. J. Solovey, Vice Chair R. E. Nickell
L. G. Coffee R. Kissell D. K. Morton D. T. Raske
A. Cohen E. Shapiro W. H. Borter T. Saegusa
M. H. Gilkey L. E. Shoemaker J. T. Conner N. M. Simpson
B. Heuer R. C. Sutherlin R. R. Doggart R. H. Smith
E. L. Farrow K. B. Sorenson
J. M. Floyd J. D. Stevenson
D. R. Heath C. J. Temus
Subgroup on Strength, Ferrous Alloys (SC II) W. H. Lake P. Turula
H. W. Lee S. Yukawa
B. W. Roberts, Chair F. Masuyama P. McConnell
J. M. Tanzosh, Secretary R. A. Moen
W. R. Apblett, Jr. D. W. Rahoi
M. Gold C. E. Spaeder, Jr.
J. J. Heger R. W. Swindeman Subgroup on Design (SC III)
C. L. Hoffmann B. E. Thurgood
S. Kinomura T. P. Vassallo R. P. Deubler, Chair B. Jarman
E. B. Branch, Vice Chair R. I. Jetter
A. N. Nguyen, Secretary J. T. Land
T. M. Adams D. F. Landers
Subgroup on Strength of Weldments (SC II & SC IX) Y. Asada W. N. McLean
R. W. Barnes J. C. Minichiello
J. M. Tanzosh, Chair D. W. Rahoi M. N. Bressler D. B. Nickerson
C. Robino, Secretary B. W. Roberts C. W. Bruny W. Z. Novak
W. D. Doty C. E. Spaeder, Jr. D. L. Caldwell E. C. Rodabaugh
J. F. Henry W. J. Sperko J. R. Cole I. Saito
G. D. Cooper J. R. Santangelo
R. E. Cornman, Jr. G. C. Slagis
D. H. Hanrath J. D. Stevenson
Subgroup on Toughness (SC II & VIII) R. W. Haupt K. R. Wichman
R. S. Hill III
W. S. Jacobs, Chair T. T. Phillips
R. J. Basile M. D. Rana
J. Cameron R. R. Seeley
W. D. Doty J. W. Stokes Working Group on Administration (SG-D) (SC III)
H. E. Gordon E. Upitis
G. B. Komora R. S. Vecchio E. B. Branch, Chair D. F. Landers
K. Mokhtarian S. Yukawa R. W. Barnes, Vice Chair W. N. McLean
R. K. Nanstad R. Zawierucha R. S. Hill III, Secretary D. B. Nickerson
C. C. Neely C. W. Bruny W. Z. Novak
R. P. Deubler J. R. Santangelo
J. T. Land

SUBCOMMITTEE ON NUCLEAR POWER (SC III)

C. J. Pieper, Chair D. H. Hanrath Working Group on Supports (SG-D) (SC III)

R. M. Jessee, Vice Chair R. S. Hill III
R. J. Masterson, Chair A. S. Laurenson
C. A. Sanna, Secretary C. L. Hoffmann
R. M. Dulin, Jr., Secretary A. E. Meligi
Y. Asada K.-H. Hsu
U. S. Bandyopadhyay G. C. Mok
R. W. Barnes C. C. Kim
F. J. Birch A. N. Nguyen
W. H. Borter D. F. Landers
J. R. Cole I. Saito
E. B. Branch W. C. LaRochelle
R. P. Deubler J. R. Stinson
M. N. Bressler W. N. McLean
J. C. Finneran, Jr. C.-I. Wu
F. C. Cherny R. A. Moen
J. C. Hennart
G. D. Cooper D. B. Nickerson
R. P. Deubler R. F. Perrin
W. D. Doty R. F. Reedy
F. R. Drahos B. B. Scott Working Group on Core Support Structures (SG-D) (SC III)
K. Ennis M. W. Smith
B. A. Erler J. D. Stevenson J. T. Land, Chair K. B. Larsen
G. M. Foster K. R. Wichman R. H. Hansen J. F. Mullooly

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 Working Group on Dynamic and Extreme Load Conditions Special Working Group on Seismic Piping Rules (SG-D) (SC III)
(SG-D) (SC III)
E. B. Branch, Chair V. Matzen
D. L. Caldwell, Chair W. S. LaPay T. M. Adams J. C. Minichiello
P. L. Anderson, Secretary H. Lockert G. A. Antaki M. S. Sills
M. K. Au-Yang A. E. Meligi K. Hasegawa Y. Urabe
R. D. Blevins P. R. Olson T. Isogai E. A. Wais
P.-Y. Chen R. F. Perry H. Kobayashi T. Yamazaki
A. Hadjian

Subgroup on General Requirements (SC III & SC 3C)

Working Group on Piping (SG-D) (SC III)
W. C. LaRochelle, Chair R. Mile
J. R. Cole, Chair J. F. McCabe K. Ennis, Secretary M. R. Minick
P. Hirschberg, Secretary J. C. Minichiello A. Appleton R. F. Perrin
T. M. Adams S. E. Moore B. H. Berg B. B. Scott
G. A. Antaki A. N. Nguyen C. Lizotte D. M. Vickery
J. T. Conner O. O. Oyamada R. P. McIntyre D. V. Walshe
A. B. Glickstein R. D. Patel M. J. Meyer
R. J. Gurdal E. C. Rodabaugh
R. W. Haupt J. R. Santangelo
J. C. Hennart M. S. Sills Subgroup on Materials, Fabrication, and Examination (SC III)
R. S. Hill III G. C. Slagis
C. L. Hoffmann, Chair R. M. Jessee
R. D. Hookway V. K. Verma
G. P. Milley, Secretary C. C. Kim
R. B. Jenkins E. A. Wais
C. W. Allison R. A. Moen
D. F. Landers C.-I. Wu
B. H. Berg H. Murakami
K. A. Manoly
W. H. Borter C. J. Pieper
D. Doyle N. M. Simpson
F. R. Drahos R. C. Soin
Working Group on Pumps (SG-D) (SC III) G. M. Foster W. J. Sperko
G. B. Georgiev K. B. Stuckey
R. E. Cornman, Jr., Chair J. E. Livingston
J. E. Harris S. Yukawa
H. L. Brammer D. B. Nickerson
R. W. Jackson
A. A. Fraser R. A. Schussler
M. Higuchi D. B. Spencer, Jr.
G. R. Jones H. Tafarrodi
J. W. Leavitt G. K. Vaghasia Subgroup on Pressure Relief (SC III)

S. F. Harrison, Jr., Chair A. L. Szeglin

F. C. Cherny D. G. Thibault
Working Group on Valves (SG-D) (SC III) E. M. Petrosky B. S. York
M. W. Smith
W. N. McLean, Chair S. N. Shields
R. R. Brodin H. R. Sonderegger
R. Koester J. C. Tsacoyeanes
Special Working Group on Editing and Review (SC III)
J. D. Page R. G. Visalli
R. F. Reedy, Chair B. A. Erler
W. H. Borter D. H. Hanrath
Working Group on Vessels (SG-D) (SC III) M. N. Bressler W. C. LaRochelle
D. L. Caldwell M. W. Smith
C. W. Bruny, Chair O. Maekawa R. P. Deubler J. D. Stevenson
G. D. Cooper K. A. Manoly
D. H. Hanrath D. E. Matthews
M. Hartzman G. K. Miller JOINT ACI-ASME COMMITTEE ON
W. J. Heilker W. Z. Novak CONCRETE COMPONENTS FOR NUCLEAR SERVICE (SC 3C)
A. Kalnins E. Pelling
T. M. Khan H. S. Thornton M. F. Hessheimer, Chair D. C. Jeng
S. J. Rossi, Secretary T. E. Johnson
J. P. Allen III N.-H. Lee
Special Working Group on Environmental Effects (SG-D) (SC III) J. F. Artuso S. F. Putman
R. M. Attar B. B. Scott
W. Z. Novak, Chair C. L. Hoffmann A. C. Eberhardt R. E. Shewmaker
Y. Asada R. A. Moen B. A. Erler J. D. Stevenson
W. J. Heilker S. Yukawa D. J. Haavik A. Y. Wong
R. S. Hill III T. C. Inman

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 SUBCOMMITTEE ON HEATING BOILERS (SC IV) Subgroup on Surface Examination Methods (SC V)

F. P. Barton, Chair R. I. Mullican

A. S. Birks, Chair G. W. Hembree
P. A. Molvie, Vice Chair E. A. Nordstrom
S. J. Akrin R. W. Kruzic
M. R. Argenziano, Secretary J. L. Seigle
T. Alexander F. J. Sattler
T. L. Bedeaux D. E. Tanner
B. H. Clark, Jr. E. F. Summers, Jr.
W. L. Haag, Jr. S. V. Voorhees
H. C. Graber M. J. Wheel
W. M. Hiddleston R. H. Weigel
J. D. Hoh R. V. Wielgoszinski
D. H. Mapes J. I. Woodworth
K. M. McTague R. B. Duggan, Honorary
Subgroup on Volumetric Methods (SC V)
K. R. Moskwa Member
J. E. Batey, Chair E. K. Kietzman
Subgroup on Care and Operation of Heating Boilers (SC IV) S. J. Akrin F. B. Kovacs
W. T. Clayton R. W. Kruzic
J. I. Woodworth, Chair K. M. McTague N. Y. Faransso J. F. Manning
M. R. Argenziano, Secretary P. A. Molvie H. C. Graber W. C. McGaughey
T. L. Bedeaux R. I. Mullican G. W. Hembree J. R. Mitchell
K. J. Hoey T. F. Wickham B. Kellerhall
J. D. Hoh

Subgroup on Cast Iron Boilers (SC IV)

Working Group on Acoustic Emissions (SG-VM) (SC V)
K. M. McTague, Chair R. H. Weigel
C. P. McQuiggan T. F. Wickham B. H. Clark, Jr. J. F. Manning
K. R. Moskwa J. I. Woodworth P. M. Horrigan J. R. Mitchell

Subgroup on Water Heaters (SC IV)

W. L. Haag, Jr., Chair K. M. McTague Working Group on Radiography (SG-VM) (SC V)

T. L. Bedeaux R. I. Mullican
T. D. Gantt D. E. Tanner G. W. Hembree, Chair N. Y. Faransso
W. M. Hiddleston M. A. Taylor S. J. Akrin H. C. Graber
F. M. Lucas T. E. Trant T. Alexander F. B. Kovacs
J. E. Batey R. W. Kruzic

Subgroup on Welded Boilers (SC IV)

P. A. Molvie, Chair J. L. Seigle

Working Group on Ultrasonics (SG-VM) (SC V)
T. L. Bedeaux R. P. Sullivan
D. H. Mapes D. E. Tanner
W. T. Clayton, Chair W. C. McGaughey
E. A. Nordstrom R. V. Wielgoszinski
O. F. Hedden R. Paillaman
B. Kellerhall F. J. Sattler
SUBCOMMITTEE ON E. K. Kietzman M. L. Shakinovsky
NONDESTRUCTIVE EXAMINATION (SC V) J. F. Manning

T. G. McCarty, Chair F. B. Kovacs

J. E. Batey, Vice Chair R. W. Kruzic
E. H. Maradiaga, Secretary J. F. Manning SUBCOMMITTEE ON PRESSURE VESSELS (SC VIII)
S. J. Akrin W. C. McGaughey
A. S. Birks R. D. McGuire T. P. Pastor, Chair K. T. Lau
W. T. Clayton F. J. Sattler K. Mokhtarian, Vice Chair R. W. Mikitka
N. Y. Faransso E. F. Summers, Jr. A. J. Roby, Secretary U. R. Miller
O. F. Hedden M. J. Wheel V. Bogosian C. C. Neely
G. W. Hembree J. Cameron M. D. Rana
S. C. Cyr S. C. Roberts
Subgroup on General Requirements/ R. M. Elliott C. D. Rodery
Personnel Qualifications and Inquiries (SC V) R. E. Feigel K. J. Schneider
J. G. Feldstein A. Selz
R. D. McGuire, Chair H. C. Graber M. J. Houle J. R. Sims, Jr.
J. E. Batey G. W. Hembree W. S. Jacobs A. J. Spencer
W. T. Clayton J. R. MacKay G. G. Karcher E. A. Steen
N. Y. Faransso G. B. Komora E. L. Thomas, Jr.

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 Subgroup on Design (SC VIII) Special Working Group on High-Pressure Vessels (SC VIII)
J. R. Sims, Jr., Chair J. A. Kapp
U. R. Miller, Chair R. W. Mikitka P. A. Reddington, Secretary D. P. Kendall
R. E. Knoblock, Secretary K. Mokhtarian L. P. Antalffy A. K. Khare
R. J. Basile T. P. Pastor J. E. Baxter S. C. Mordre
M. R. Bauman M. D. Rana R. C. Biel G. J. Mraz
M. R. Breach G. B. Rawls, Jr. T. B. Boyd S. N. Pagay
S. M. Caldwell C. D. Rodery D. J. Burns E. H. Perez
J. R. Farr A. Selz P. N. Chaku D. T. Peters
J. P. Glaspie S. C. Shah R. E. Feigel L. M. Picqueur
G. G. Karcher J. W. Stokes D. M. Fryer E. D. Roll
G. B. Komora E. L. Thomas, Jr. J. L. Heck, Jr. W. L. Stewart
A. H. Honza J. F. Sullivan
M. M. James F. W. Tatar
P. Jansson

Subgroup on Fabrication and Inspection (SC VIII)

SUBCOMMITTEE ON WELDING (SC IX)

C. D. Rodery, Chair R. A. Johnson J. G. Feldstein, Chair A. H. Miller

E. A. Steen, Vice Chair D. J. Kreft W. J. Sperko, Vice Chair B. R. Newmark
J. L. Arnold F. C. Ouyang J. N. Shih, Secretary P. P. Norris
W. J. Bees M. J. Pischke R. B. Barkdoll A. S. Olivares
H. E. Gordon M. J. Rice D. A. Bowers M. J. Pischke
M. J. Houle W. P. Webb M. L. Carpenter S. D. Reynolds, Jr.
W. S. Jacobs L. P. Connor M. J. Rice
W. D. Doty G. W. Spohn III
P. D. Flenner M. J. Stanko
M. J. Houle P. L. Van Fosson
R. A. Johnson R. R. Young
Subgroup on General Requirements (SC VIII) W. M. Lundy W. K. Scattergood, Honorary
R. D. McGuire Member
S. C. Roberts, Chair W. E. Laveck, Jr.
V. Bogosian A. S. Mann Subgroup on Brazing (SC IX)
M. L. Coats C. C. Neely
M. J. Pischke, Chair C. F. Jeerings
R. M. Elliott A. S. Olivares
M. L. Carpenter A. H. Miller
J. P. Glaspie K. J. Schneider
M. J. Houle C. Robino
K. T. Lau A. J. Spencer

Subgroup on General Requirements (SC IX)

B. R. Newmark, Chair D. W. Mann
Subgroup on Materials (SC VIII) R. B. Barkdoll A. S. Olivares
P. R. Evans H. B. Porter
P. C. Filean R. A. Weiss
J. Cameron, Chair W. M. Lundy R. M. Jessee K. R. Willens
K. L. Aber E. E. Morgenegg
D. C. Agarwal E. G. Nisbett
W. D. Doty J. T. Parsons Subgroup on Materials (SC IX)
D. A. Franklin D. W. Rahoi M. L. Carpenter, Chair H. A. Sadler
B. Heuer E. Upitis L. P. Connor C. E. Sainz
M. Katcher P. D. Flenner C. E. Spaeder, Jr.
R. M. Jessee W. J. Sperko
C. C. Kim M. J. Stanko
A. H. Miller R. R. Young
Special Working Group on Heat Transfer Equipment (SC VIII)
Subgroup on Performance Qualification (SC IX)
G. B. Komora, Chair T. W. Norton D. A. Bowers, Chair M. J. Houle
R. P. Zoldak, Secretary F. Osweiller V. A. Bell W. M. Lundy
S. M. Caldwell S. C. Roberts L. P. Connor R. D. McGuire
M. J. Holtz R. J. Stastny R. A. Coomes P. P. Norris
R. Mahadeen S. Yokell P. D. Flenner W. K. Scattergood
U. R. Miller G. Herrmann G. W. Spohn III

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 Subgroup on Procedure Qualification (SC IX) Working Group on Flaw Evaluation (SG-ES) (SC XI)
D. A. Bowers, Chair S. D. Reynolds, Jr.
R. C. Cipolla, Chair J. G. Merkle
R. K. Brown, Jr. M. J. Rice
G. H. De Boo, Secretary J. S. Panesar
R. A. Johnson W. K. Scattergood
W. H. Bamford, Jr. S. Ranganath
D. W. Mann W. J. Sperko
M. Basol D. A. Scarth
A. H. Miller P. L. Van Fosson
J. M. Bloom T. S. Schurman
P. P. Norris T. C. Wiesner
E. Friedman W. L. Server
A. S. Olivares P. R. Wilt
T. J. Griesbach F. A. Simonen
F. C. Ouyang
F. D. Hayes K. R. Wichman
D. N. Hopkins G. M. Wilkowski
SUBCOMMITTEE ON K. Iida K. K. Yoon
FIBER-REINFORCED PLASTIC PRESSURE VESSELS (SC X) Y. Imamura S. Yukawa
M. Kupinski A. Zahoor
P. J. Conlisk, Chair D. J. Painter H. S. Mehta V. A. Zilberstein
D. Eisberg, Vice Chair D. J. Pinell
A. J. Roby, Secretary J. R. Richter
F. L. Brown J. A. Rolston
J. L. Bustillos V. Sanchez Working Group on Operating Plant Criteria (SG-ES) (SC XI)
T. W. Cowley B. F. Shelley
T. J. Fowler J. H. Skaggs T. J. Griesbach, Chair H. S. Mehta
L. E. Hunt P. R. Wilt W. H. Bamford, Jr. R. Pace
J. C. Murphy D. O. Yancey, Jr. H. Behnke J. S. Panesar
A. L. Newberry B. A. Bishop W. E. Pennell
W. F. Brady S. Ranganath
SUBCOMMITTEE ON E. Friedman S. T. Rosinski
NUCLEAR INSERVICE INSPECTION (SC XI) S. R. Gosselin W. L. Server
E. M. Hackett E. A. Siegel
R. E. Gimple, Chair D. F. Landers P. J. Hijeck F. A. Simonen
R. L. Dyle, Vice Chair T. F. Lentz M. Kupinski G. L. Stevens
O. Martinez, Secretary J. T. Lindberg S. D. Leshnoff K. K. Yoon
W. H. Bamford, Jr. G. C. Millman P. Manbeck S. Yukawa
R. L. Beverly G. C. Park
J. M. Bloom P. C. Riccardella
C. D. Cowfer A. T. Roberts III
D. D. Davis L. Sage Working Group on Pipe Flaw Evaluation (SG-ES) (SC XI)
T. N. Epps III F. J. Schaaf, Jr.
E. L. Farrow R. J. Scott D. A. Scarth, Chair D. N. Hopkins
F. E. Gregor J. E. Staffiera G. M. Wilkowski, Secretary K. Iida
O. F. Hedden R. W. Swayne W. H. Bamford, Jr. K. K. Kashima
W. C. Holston R. A. Yonekawa R. C. Cipolla H. S. Mehta
K. Iida K. K. Yoon N. G. Cofie J. S. Panesar
R. D. Kerr W. E. Norris, Alternate S. K. Daftuar K. K. Yoon
G. H. De Boo S. Yukawa
E. Friedman A. Zahoor
Honorary Members (SC XI)
L. F. Goyette V. A. Zilberstein
S. H. Bush L. R. Katz K. Hasegawa
L. J. Chockie R. R. MacCary
J. P. Houstrup

Subgroup on Liquid-Metal–Cooled Systems (SC XI)

Subgroup on Evaluation Standards (SC XI)

W. H. Bamford, Jr., Chair S. Ranganath C. G. McCargar, Chair R. Hundal

J. M. Bloom P. C. Riccardella W. L. Chase R. W. King
R. C. Cipolla D. A. Scarth S. Hattori W. Kwant
R. M. Gamble W. L. Server
T. J. Griesbach C. A. Tomes
K. Hasegawa A. Van Der Sluys
P. J. Hijeck K. R. Wichman Working Group on Liquid-Metal Reactor Covers
D. N. Hopkins G. M. Wilkowski (SG-LMCS) (SC XI)
K. Iida K. K. Yoon
Y. Imamura S. Yukawa W. L. Chase, Chair R. Hundal
J. G. Merkle S. Hattori

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 Subgroup on Nondestructive Examination (SC XI) Working Group on Responsibilities and Program Requirements
(SG-RR&M) (SC XI)
C. D. Cowfer, Chair D. O. Henry
N. R. Bentley, Secretary M. R. Hum R. A. Yonekawa, Chair R. S. Lewis
D. C. Adamonis G. A. Lofthus R. R. Stevenson, Secretary M. S. McDonald
B. Bevins M. C. Modes S. K. Fisher S. M. Swilley
F. T. Carr F. J. Schaaf, Jr. G. M. Foster A. J. Walcutt
C. B. Cheezem M. F. Sherwin R. D. Graham J. Ghergurovich, Alternate
W. T. Clayton J. C. Spanner, Jr. C. E. Hartz
F. J. Dodd C. J. Wirtz
T. N. Epps III
Working Group on Welding and Special Repair Processes
(SG-RR&M) (SC XI)
Working Group on Personnel Qualification and Surface, D. E. Waskey, Chair R. D. Kerr
Visual, and Eddy Current Examination (SG-NDE) (SC XI) R. E. Cantrell, Secretary B. R. Newton
P. D. Fisher P. P. Norris
J. C. Spanner, Jr., Chair J. J. McArdle III
A. J. Giannuzzi J. E. O’Sullivan
C. J. Wirtz, Secretary M. F. Sherwin
R. A. Hermann K. R. Willens
B. L. Curtis D. Spake
R. P. Indap
D. O. Henry D. S. Whitcomb
H. E. Houserman

Subgroup on Water-Cooled Systems (SC XI)

Working Group on Pressure Testing (SG-NDE) (SC XI) G. C. Park, Chair D. W. Lamond
K. B. Thomas, Secretary T. F. Lentz
D. W. Lamond, Chair R. J. Cimoch J. M. Agold J. T. Lindberg
T. M. Anselmi G. L. Fechter G. L. Belew M. P. Lintz
J. M. Boughman J. K. McClanahan W. J. Briggs W. E. Norris
T. R. Bugelholl T. R. Bugelholl C. Pendleton
D. D. Davis E. Throckmorton
R. L. Dyle S. M. Walker
Working Group on Procedure Qualification E. L. Farrow R. A. West
and Volumetric Examination (SG-NDE) (SC XI) O. F. Hedden J. Whitman
M. L. Herrera H. Graves, Alternate
M. C. Modes, Chair S. R. Doctor T. C. Hinkle R. M. Kenneally, Alternate
B. Bevins, Secretary F. J. Dodd S. D. Kulat
D. C. Adamonis T. N. Epps III
F. L. Becker B. Kellerhall
N. R. Bentley G. A. Lofthus Working Group on Containment (SG-WCS) (SC XI)
F. T. Carr M. Saporito
C. B. Cheezem S. M. Walker J. E. Staffiera, Chair R. D. Hough
W. T. Clayton H. M. Stephens, Secretary C. N. Krishnaswamy
H. G. Ashar M. P. Lintz
W. J. Briggs D. Naus
K. K. N. Chao S. C. Petitgout
Subgroup on Repairs, Replacements, and Modifications (SC XI) M. J. Ferlisi G. W. Robin
H. Graves R. T. Zak
W. C. Holston, Chair R. D. Kerr H. T. Hill W. E. Norris, Alternate
D. E. Waskey, Secretary D. F. Landers
M. N. Bressler R. S. Lewis
R. E. Cantrell M. S. McDonald
Working Group on Implementation of Risk-Based Examination
R. E. Gimple R. R. Stevenson
(SG-WCS) (SC XI)
C. E. Hartz R. W. Swayne
R. A. Hermann R. A. Yonekawa S. D. Kulat, Chair J. T. Lindberg
T. E. Hiss J. M. Agold, Secretary I. Mach
S. A. Ali R. K. Mattu
B. A. Bishop A. McNeill III
Working Group on Design Reconciliation (SG-RR&M) (SC XI) J. W. Connor P. J. O’Regan
H. Q. Do J. H. Phillips
T. E. Hiss, Chair E. V. Imbro R. Fougerousse F. A. Simonen
J. T. Conner, Secretary D. F. Landers S. R. Gosselin T. V. Vo
S. B. Brown R. W. Swayne M. R. Graybeal R. A. West
W. C. Holston A. H. Taufique M. L. Herrera

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 Working Group on Inspection of Systems and Components Subgroup on Fabrication and Inspection (SC XII)
(SG-WCS) (SC XI)
S. V. Voorhees, Chair L. D. Holsinger
C. D. Cowfer, Chair I. Mach M. Burch D. J. Kreft
J. Whitman, Secretary T. K. McLellan D. A. Canonico G. McRae
G. L. Belew C. Pendleton M. L. Coats M. R. Minick
H. Q. Do C. M. Ross B. L. Gehl N. Surtees
R. Fougerousse D. Song M. Hennemand
T. C. Hinkle K. B. Thomas
M. R. Hum E. Throckmorton
S. D. Kulat R. A. West Subgroup on General Requirements (SC XII)
J. T. Lindberg
C. H. Hochman, Chair J. C. Keenan
T. Alexander T. B. Lee
A. N. Antoniou F. A. Licari
Working Group on General Requirements (SC XI)
J. F. Cannon G. R. Stoeckinger
A. T. Roberts III, Chair R. K. Mattu J. L. Freiler C. H. Walters
R. G. Edl, Secretary L. Sage M. A. Garrett W. L. White
D. A. Graham R. J. Scott K. L. Gilmore L. Wolpert
D. A. Jackson

SUBCOMMITTEE ON BOILER AND

Special Working Group on Editing and Review (SC XI) PRESSURE VESSEL ACCREDITATION (SC-BPVA)

A. J. Spencer, Chair R. L. Williams

R. W. Swayne, Chair J. E. Staffiera
C. E. Ford, Vice Chair W. J. Bees, Alternate
R. L. Beverly C. J. Wirtz
K. I. Baron, Secretary V. A. Bell, Alternate
M. P. Lintz
M. B. Doherty V. Bogosian, Alternate
D. A. Douin M. A. De Vries, Alternate
P. D. Edwards P. D. Flenner, Alternate
Special Working Group on Plant Life Extension (SC XI) R. M. Elliott L. J. Kuchera, Alternate
R. G. Friend W. C. LaRochelle, Alternate
F. E. Gregor, Chair D. L. Harrison
R. C. Howard K. M. McTague, Alternate
M. P. Lintz, Secretary P.-T. Kuo
A. J. Justin G. P. Milley, Alternate
T. M. Anselmi T. A. Meyer
B. B. MacDonald P. G. Scheckermann, Alternate
W. F. Brady D. W. Peltola
M. L. Sisk N. Surtees, Alternate
D. D. Davis D. A. Piccione
B. C. Turczynski
D. A. Graham V. N. Shah

SUBCOMMITTEE ON NUCLEAR ACCREDITATION (SC-NA)

SUBCOMMITTEE ON TRANSPORT TANKS (SC XII)
T. E. Quaka, Chair A. J. Spencer
A. Selz, Chair J. W. Rader R. R. Stevenson, Vice Chair R. E. Ciemiewicz, Alternate
P. D. Stumpf, Secretary M. D. Rana F. E. Zusman, Secretary S. Dasgupta, Alternate
A. N. Antoniou C. M. Serratella V. Bogosian P. D. Edwards, Alternate
C. Becht IV S. Staniszewski M. N. Bressler S. M. Goodwin, Alternate
M. Hennemand G. R. Stoeckinger G. Deily D. H. Hanrath, Alternate
C. H. Hochman N. Surtees F. R. Drahos R. C. Howard, Alternate
G. G. Karcher A. P. Varghese J. E. Harris K. A. Huber, Alternate
P. P. Laluc S. V. Voorhees M. Higuchi A. J. Justin, Alternate
G. McRae C. H. Walters M. Kotb N. C. Kist, Alternate
M. R. Minick W. L. White W. C. LaRochelle A. A. Lotfi, Alternate
R. P. McIntyre O. E. Trapp, Staff Represen-
H. B. Prasse tative
Subgroup on Design and Materials (SC XII) A. T. Roberts III

M. D. Rana, Chair T. P. Pastor

C. Becht IV J. L. Rademacher SUBCOMMITTEE ON DESIGN (SC-D)
D. A. Canonico T. A. Rogers
W. D. Doty C. M. Serratella D. P. Jones, Chair R. W. Mikitka
G. G. Karcher A. P. Varghese E. H. Maradiaga, Secretary U. R. Miller
P. P. Laluc M. R. Ward R. W. Barnes W. J. O’Donnell
M. Manikkam E. A. Whittle C. Becht IV R. D. Schueler, Jr.
S. L. McWilliams G. G. Graven A. Selz

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 Subgroup on Design Analysis (SC-D) Special Working Group on Bolted Flanged Joints (SC-D)
R. W. Mikitka, Chair P. G. Scheckermann
M. R. Breach A. Kalnins G. D. Bibel R. W. Schneider
P. J. Conlisk W. J. Koves E. Michalopoulos R. D. Schueler, Jr.
J. L. Hechmer O. Maekawa S. N. Pagay A. Selz
G. L. Hollinger E. L. Thomas, Jr.
D. P. Jones R. A. Whipple
SUBCOMMITTEE ON
SAFETY VALVE REQUIREMENTS (SC-SVR)
M. D. Bernstein, Chair W. F. Hart
U. D’Urso, Secretary H. D. Michael
Subgroup on Elevated Temperature Design (SC-D)
J. F. Ball C. A. Neumann
S. Cammeresi D. K. Peetz
C. Becht IV, Chair W. J. O’Donnell J. A. Cox J. W. Reynolds
J. M. Corum, Secretary D. A. Osage R. D. Danzy D. J. Scallan
C. R. Brinkman J. S. Porowski D. B. De Michael A. J. Spencer
R. D. Campbell C. C. Schultz, Jr. R. J. Doelling J. C. Standfast
D. S. Griffin L. K. Severud R. G. Friend J. A. West
R. I. Jetter D. F. Shaw H. I. Gregg T. J. Ferrigan, Alternate
C. Lawton A. L. Snow S. F. Harrison, Jr.

Subgroup on Design (SC-SVR)

R. G. Friend, Chair S. R. Irvin, Sr.
Subgroup on Fatigue Strength (SC-D)
R. D. Danzy A. J. Spencer
D. B. De Michael T. R. Tarbay
W. J. O’Donnell, Chair C. Lawton R. J. Doelling J. A. West
P. R. Donavin S. Majumdar H. I. Gregg
J. A. Hayward M. J. Manjoine
J. L. Hechmer J. Muscara
Subgroup on General Requirements (SC-SVR)
D. P. Jones H. H. Ziada
G. Kharshafdjian M. D. Bernstein, Chair C. A. Neumann
J. F. Ball D. K. Peetz
R. E. Cellemme, Jr. J. W. Reynolds
J. P. Glaspie J. W. Richardson
Subgroup on Openings (SC-D) H. D. Michael J. C. Standfast

R. W. Mikitka, Secretary J. P. Madden Subgroup on Testing (SC-SVR)

G. G. Graven D. R. Palmer S. F. Harrison, Jr., Chair W. F. Hart
V. T. Hwang M. D. Rana S. Cammeresi D. J. Scallan
R. B. Luney E. C. Rodabaugh J. A. Cox B. S. York

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 PREAMBLE

The purpose of these recommended guidelines is to promote C2 Boiler Operation — guidelines for routine boiler operation
safety in the use of power boilers. These guidelines are intended including startup, normal operation, and shutdown as well
for use by those directly responsible for operating, maintaining, as operator training for safe and reliable operation
and inspecting power boilers.
C3 Boiler Auxiliaries — guidelines for normal and emergency
With respect to the application of these guidelines, a power
operation of fuel handling equipment, boiler feedpumps,
boiler is a pressure vessel constructed in compliance with Sec-
tion I in which steam is generated for use external to the boiler fans, and other auxiliaries commonly used in the operation
at a pressure exceeding 15 psig due to the application of heat. of boilers. Emphasis is placed on operating the auxiliaries
This heat may be derived from the combustion of fuel (solids, to avoid an unsafe condition in the boilers.
liquids, or gases), from the hot waste gases of other chemical C4 Appurtenances — operating guidelines and descriptions
reactions, or from the application of electrical energy. The term for frequently used boiler appurtenances such as safety
power boiler in this Section includes stationary, portable, and valves, safety relief valves, pressure gages, feedwater regu-
traction types, but does not include locomotive and high temper- lator valves, blowdown systems, and soot blowers
ature water boilers (Section I), nuclear power plant boilers
(Section III), heating boilers (Section IV), miniature boilers C5 Instrumentation, Controls, and Interlocks — brief descrip-
(Section I), pressure vessels (Section VIII), or marine boilers. tion of recommended instrumentation for monitoring
These guidelines apply to the boiler proper and to pipe con- boiler status, controls for boiler operation, and interlocks
nections up to and including the valve or valves as required to prevent unsafe conditions
by the Code. Superheaters, reheaters, economizers, or other C6 Inspection — guidelines for inspection of boilers to ensure
pressure parts connected directly to the boiler without interven- that the boiler is capable of safe and reliable operation.
ing valves should be considered as part of the boiler. Guidelines These guidelines apply only to those who are responsible
are also provided for operation of auxiliary equipment and for the inspection and operation of boiler plants and must
appliances that affect the safe and reliable operation of power not be considered as applying to the state, municipal, or
boilers. insurance companies’ inspectors. Consideration should be
Previous editions of these guidelines covered the full range given to the importance of continual inspection as com-
of power boilers from small capacity, low pressure, and low pared with periodic inspection. These guidelines are not
temperature to once-through units. Specific references to the intended to define or limit the extent of inspection by the
once-through units have been deleted. Emphasis has been placed Authorized Inspector.
on industrial-type boilers because of their extensive use.
The difficulty in formulating a set of guidelines that may be C7 Repairs, Alterations, and Maintenance — guidelines for
applied to all sites and types of plants is recognized; therefore, making boiler repairs and alterations; recommended rou-
it may be advisable to depart from them in specific cases. tine maintenance programs to improve boiler availability
Manufacturer’s operating instructions should always be adhered and keep power boilers in a safe operating condition
to. Other recommended procedures such as National Fire Protec-
C8 Control of Internal Chemical Conditions — guidelines
tion Association’s Codes covering prevention of furnace explo-
address internal cleaning, laying up, deposits, corrosion,
sions are suggested for additional guidance.
steam contamination, water chemistry, and fire side condi-
tions
DESCRIPTION OF GUIDELINES C9 Preventing Boiler Failures — guidelines for operation of
C1 Fundamentals — a general description of boiler fundamen- protective equipment and precautions to prevent causes of
tals including steam generation, combustion, and types of boiler failures, such as overpressure, weakening of struc-
boilers ture, explosions, and implosions

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COPYRIGHT American Society of Mechanical Engineers
Licensed by Information Handling Services