BA LLB Syllabus

BA LLB Syllabus and Subjects Overview

The BA LLB syllabus and subjects are meticulously designed to provide a comprehensive understanding of both legal principles and foundational subjects of the
arts and social sciences streams. BA LLB (Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Legislative Law) is a five-year dual degree undergraduate course that combines the
study of law with the disciplines of arts, such as political science, sociology, and economics. This course is structured to provide students with a comprehensive
understanding of legal principles alongside foundational knowledge in various social sciences. The curriculum is typically divided into ten semesters, each
focusing on specific areas of law and interdisciplinary subjects.

The BA LLB syllabus can be broadly divided into two categories, i.e. legal subjects and non-legal subjects. The syllabus covers the major BA LLB subjects like
Constitutional Law, Criminal Law, Civil Procedure Code, Contract Law, Property Law, Legal Ethics, Jurisprudence, Economics, Political Science, Sociology, etc.
Besides, the students of this programme specialise in areas of law like Intellectual Property Rights, Environmental Law, and International Law.

The non-law subjects of the BA LLB course usually include Political Science, Economics, English, History, and Sociology. The practical training brings the theory
of the BA LLB syllabus into the context of actual practice through moot court competitions, legal aid clinics, and internships. Furthermore, the constituent
components of the course will lead the students to acquire the basic legal skills as well as legal research, drafting and client counselling. The curriculum strategy
of BA LLB aims to create versatile legal professionals who possess both a sound theoretical knowledge and up-to-date practical skills

BA LLB Syllabus and Subjects Highlights

To get a detailed understanding of the BA LLB syllabus and subjects 2025, you can check the highlights below:

Particulars Details
Course Name Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws
Course Duration 5 years
Total Semesters 10 (Two semesters per year)
Subjects Per Semester 5 to 6 subjects
• Constitutional Law
• Criminal Law
• Contract Law
BA LLB Core Subjects • Tort Law
• Legal Methods
• Family Law
• Administrative Law
• Intellectual Property Law
• International Law
BA LLB Optional Subjects • Environmental Law
• Human Rights Law
• Taxation Law
• Corporate Law
• Criminal Law
BA LLB Specialisations • International Law
• Tax Law
• Human Rights Law
Mandatory internships during summer breaks, typically after the completion of
Internships
each year.
Regular participation in moot court competitions to practise courtroom
Moot Courts
procedures and advocacy skills.

BA LLB Year Wise Syllabus

Typically spanning five years, the BA LLB syllabus is divided into ten semesters, each focusing on specific areas of law and interdisciplinary subjects. At the
beginning of the course, students are introduced to the basics of law and its application in society, covering subjects like Legal Method, Law of Contract, Law of
Torts, Constitutional Law, and Political Science. As the course progresses, more specialised areas of law are explored, including Family Law, Administrative Law,
Criminal Law, Property Law, and International Law.

BA LLB First Year Syllabus

Find out the BA LLB 1st year syllabus from the table below:

BA LLB Syllabus - Semester I

Economics I (Principles of Economics) English Paper I: Law and Language
Introduction to Sociology Political Science-I (Political Theory)
Law of Contract Law of Tort
BA LLB Syllabus - Semester II
Psychology of Life English Paper II
Economics II (Business Economics) Political Science II (History of Indian Political System)
Law of Crimes Paper I (Penal Code) Law of Crimes Paper I (Penal Code)
Special Contracts -

BA LLB Second Year Syllabus

Find below the BA LLB 2nd year subjects from the table:

BA LLB Syllabus - Semester III

Law of Crimes Paper II (Cr.P.C.) Law and Society
Political Science III (Public Policy and Administration in India) Constitutional Law I
Interdisciplinary Project Public International Law
BA LLB Syllabus - Semester IV
Environmental Law Economics III (Public Economics)
Political Science IV (International Relations) Constitutional Law II
Interdisciplinary Project Property Law

BA LLB Third Year Syllabus

Here is the breakdown of the BA LLB 3rd year syllabus:

BA LLB Syllabus - Semester V

Law of Evidence Family Law I
Political Science V (International Organisations) Jurisprudence
Interdisciplinary Project Company Law I
BA LLB Syllabus - Semester VI
Family Law II Company Law II
Political Science VI (Feminism and Indian Politics) Intellectual Property Rights
Civil Procedure Code and Limitation Act Interdisciplinary Project

BA LLB Fourth Year Syllabus

The fourth year of the BA LLB syllabus delves into specialised legal subjects, emphasising practical skills and advanced legal concepts.

BA LLB Syllabus - Semester VII

Administrative Law Foreign Language - French
Alternate Dispute Resolution Labour and Industrial Laws I
Criminal Procedure Code I Taxation Law I
BA LLB Syllabus - Semester VIII
Cyber Law Interpretation of Statutes
Labour and Industrial Laws-II Interdisciplinary Project
Labour Law-I -

BA LLB Fifth Year Syllabus

Subjects studied in the BA LLB 5th year syllabus are mentioned here:

BA LLB Syllabus - Semester IX

Drafting: Pleading & Conveyancing Consumer and Competition Law
Moot Court Exercise & Internship Taxation Law II
Criminal Procedure Code II Optional Subject I
Dissertation/Research I -
BA LLB Syllabus - Semester X
Professional Ethics & Professional Accounting System Principles of Taxation Laws
International Law II Optional Subject-II
Dissertation/Research II Intellectual Property Law II

Please bear in mind that there is a difference in the approach of BA LLB subjects among the institutions, and therefore, the order of the listed subjects may vary
from institution to institution. Please note that curricula might be different, so to be sure, check the one provided by the educational institution.

BA LLB Core Subjects

BA LLB is a five-year integrated course which combines the study of humanities on one side and law on the other. The core subjects of the 5-year BA LLB course
can be checked here, which students can study semester-wise.

BA LLB Core Subjects and Syllabus

The BA LLB core subjects and syllabus provide a thorough understanding of law, legal systems, related disciplines, moot courts and internships to excel in their
careers. Below are the definitions of core subjects typically included in the BA LLB syllabus:

BA LLB Subjects Description

 It is the study of the Constitution of India, the significance and the rules involved,
basic rights given, policy doctrines, standards for states and central
Constitutional Law
governments, guidelines during emergency, changes made over the years and
other fundamental law matters.
Legal theories are focused on jurisprudence, for example, a theory of natural
law, which means law itself is the importer of justice and good. On the other
hand, there are legal positivism and realism, which are respectively philosophical
Jurisprudence
theories and practical approaches. The reason that we see different schools of
political theories is that different political philosophies are the basis for an
individual's understanding of legal principles and frameworks.
It incorporates crucial principles regarding cases such as breaching the peace,
entering someone else’s property unlawfully, talking to someone in a way that
Tort Law might ruin his or her reputation, being careless to the point of inflicting harm,
being liable for damage even without being at fault as well as the ways to handle
these situations.
It encompasses the Indian Penal Code, fundamental concepts of criminal acts,
Criminal Law essential components constituting offences, various punishment theories,
possible defences in crimes and the procedures followed in criminal cases.
It is about the fundamental elements underlying contract law: making an offer,
Contract Law the acceptance of the offer, the exchange that is the formation of a contract,
entering into contracts, breaking a contract, and remedies for the issues.
Also known as the Transfer of Property Act, it covers the rules about who owns
something, holding property, legal rights to land, permissions for using someone
Property Law
else's land, borrowing money against property, renting out space, selling and
giving ownership of assets to others.
Includes marriage, divorce, adoption, maintenance, guardianship, succession
Family Law
and inheritance-related laws.
It concerns the importance of facts, spoken and written proof, responsibility to
Evidence Law
demonstrate truthfulness, indirect testimony, questioning witnesses and so on.
It deals with the authority of administrative agencies, along with how courts
Administrative Law
oversee and influence the choices and actions made by these agencies.
It details the startup of a business, shares and authority between the
Company Law shareholders and owners, how to raise or sell its financial instruments, as well as
how to end or dissolve the company.
It comprises the regulations that lay down the role of nature and how we use the
Environmental Law resources, the position of the courts and national green tribunals and the most
prominent environmental laws in India.
It covers the examination of the rules concerning the labour contracts
Labour and Industrial Law environment, regulation of unions, negotiation in the groups, relevance of the
industrial disputes and the measures for the social benefits.
Regulating interpretations and the construction of legislation through the prism of
Interpretation of Statutes
rules and principles.
It addresses the responsibilities and duties of lawyers, which are to their
Professional Ethics
clientele, the adversaries, the whole society and the legal profession at large.

BA LLB Course Subjects

The topics covered under the M.Com syllabus have been discussed below:

BA LLB Subjects Topics Covered

• Principles of Economics
Economics • Business Economics
• Public Economics
• Introduction to Sociology
• Social Institutions and Stratification
• Sociology and Law
Sociology
• Women and Society
• Sociology and Criminal Justice
• Sociology of Development
• Introduction to Law
• Sources of Law
• Legal Institutions
Legal Methods
• Legal Reasoning and Interpretation
• Legal Research and Writing
• Legal Systems and Traditions
• History I (Ancient Indian History)
• History II (Medieval Indian History)
History
• History III (Modern Indian History: 1740–1947)
• Constitutional Developments
 • Introduction to Company Law
• Formation of a Company
• Company Management and Meetings
Company Law • Share Capital and Debentures
• Corporate Governance
• Financial Disclosure and Reporting
• Winding Up and Dissolution
• Introduction to Family Law
• Marriage and Divorce
Family Law • Rights and Obligations within Marriage
• Adoption
• Emerging Trends in Family Law
• Introduction to Constitutional Law
• Federalism and Decentralisation
• Constitutional Organs
Constitutional Law
• Amendment of the Constitution
• Fundamental Rights
• Directive Principles of State Policy
• Introduction to Contract Law
• Formation of Contracts
• Performance and Discharge of Contracts
Law of Contracts • Breach of Contract and Remedies
• Special Contracts
• Contract of Partnership
• Contract of Agency
• Introduction to Torts
• Principles of Liability
• Defences in Tort
Law of Torts
• Specific Torts
• Negligence
• Liability for Statutory Torts
• Introduction to Intellectual Property
• Patents
• Copyright
Intellectual Property
• Trademarks
• Trade Secrets
• Geographical Indications
• Introduction to Labour Laws
• Industrial Disputes Act, 1947
• Trade Unions Act, 1926
Labour Law
• Payment of Wages Act, 1936
• Employee State Insurance Act, 1948
• Workmen's Compensation Act, 1923
• Introduction to Taxation
• Direct Taxes
Taxation Law
• Indirect Taxes
• Value Added Tax (VAT)
• Introduction to Banking Law
• Reserve Bank of India (RBI) and Regulatory Bodies
• Banking Operations and Instruments
Banking and Finance Law • Banking Regulation Act, 1949
• Financial Market Regulations
• Consumer Protection in Banking
• International Banking and Finance

BA LLB Optional Subjects

The optional BA LLB subjects may vary based on the law school that you select. Take a look at the common optional subjects for this course:

Subject Description
The law grants creators and inventors exclusive rights to their creations and
Intellectual Property Law
inventions.
This branch of international and domestic law seeks to protect the fundamental
Human Rights Law rights and freedoms of all individuals, regardless of nationality, ethnicity, gender,
or religion.
It addresses the legal challenges and restrictions arising from the use of digital
Cyber Law
technologies and the internet.
It focuses on changing the legal systems that sustain gender norms and gender
Gender and Law
inequalities.
 A specialised branch of law that controls the creation, enforcement, and
Insurance Law
regulation of insurance policies and claims.
Governing the rules and procedures that countries follow when engaging in
International Trade Law
cross-border commerce.
A specialised area addressing the unique legal challenges faced by the
Media and Entertainment Law
entertainment industry.
Healthcare Law Maintaining the regulation and legal aspects of the healthcare industry.
It encompasses both domestic law on maritime activities and private international
Maritime Law law governing the relationships between private parties operating or using
ocean-going ships.
Juvenile Justice Addressing offences committed by individuals under the age of 18.
Conflict of Laws This law determines the jurisdiction applicable to a case and enforces judgments.
It encloses laws and regulations for governing energy resources, infrastructure,
Energy and Environmental Law
and policies.
Related to how a company is managed and interacts with its stakeholders,
Corporate Governance
employees, customers, etc.
Focuses on international treaties, national regulations and guidelines and
Space Law
preservation of outer space.
A branch of civil law that governs the ownership, use, and transfer of real
Real Estate Law
property.

BA LLB Specialisations

The BA LLB course furnishes a thorough grounding in legal theory and practice; however, numerous universities elevate this foundation by providing
specialisation courses that cater to specific areas of interest. This customisation enables graduates to venture into the legal domain equipped with nuanced
expertise and skills, an augmentation that significantly boosts their career outlook. Many students choose a few of the top specialisations in the BA LLB syllabus
such as:

Traditional Specialisations
BA LLB Specialisations Description
It focuses on private disputes involving individuals and organisations; specifically,
Civil Law it covers a range of areas including contracts, property issues – both real estate
and personal – as well as torts.
It encompasses the investigation, trial, sentencing and appeal processes
Criminal Law associated with crimes; furthermore, it delineates the framework for determining
appropriate punishments.
It governs the formation, operation, and governance of businesses; it also
Corporate Law
encompasses aspects such as mergers, acquisitions, even securities regulation.
The complex legal framework surrounding taxes is the domain of Tax Law; it
Tax Law involves advising individuals and businesses on compliance; moreover, and
planning is a key aspect.
Addresses legal issues arising from families, including divorce, child custody,
Family Law
and adoption.
Emerging Specialisations
Protects the environment by addressing pollution, conservation, and climate
Environmental Law
change.
Focusing on the legal matters applicable to the internet and technology, and
including data privacy, cybercrime, encompassing both prevention strategies and
Cybersecurity Law
prosecution methods, as well as intellectual property issues, particularly those
concerning digital innovation.
Focuses on the AI law, discussing algorithms and prejudice along with liability
Artificial Intelligence Law
and governance.
Human Rights Law Encourages and defends the rights of man on national and international levels.
Governing state-to-state affairs, human rights, diplomacy, trade, and conflict
International Law
resolution.

Is BA LLB Distance Education available in India?

No accredited Indian university offers BA LLB through distance education mode. The Bar Council of India (BCI) does not recognise law degrees earned through
distance learning; therefore, any individual who obtains their BA LLB degree via such methods within India would hold an invalid qualification when it comes to
practising law in the country.

Some universities have indeed advertised BA LLB distance education courses; however, the Bar Council of India does not recognise these specific programmes.
Consequently, and critically so, graduates from such courses would remain ineligible to practice law in India. To pursue a law degree in India, you must enrol at a
recognised university in their regular five-year integrated law course or a 3 year LLB course after completing any UG degree. This comprehensive curriculum
combines classroom instruction, practical training and moot court exercises.

BA LLB Entrance Exam Syllabus

The BA LLB entrance examination syllabus tends to differ slightly in terms of the particular institute or exam you pick. Although there are some general sections,
which are common across various exams, there are a few variants as well that we have discussed below:

Section Description
• Constitutional Law: The Indian Constitution, such as structure and principles,
fundamental rights, directive principles, etc.
• Contract Law: The making, breach and remedies, for example.
Legal Aptitude
• Tort Law: Civil rights and their remedies, negligence, strict liability, and so
forth.
• Criminal Law: Indian Penal Code, the various offences, the punishments, etc.
This part examines your understanding of current affairs, national and
General Knowledge and Current Affairs
international matters, history, geography, politics, economy and science.
This section measures how you make judgments, look for patterns, solve
Logical Reasoning and Analytical Ability problems, and make logical conclusions. It may consist of questions on verbal
reasoning, analytical reasoning, and critical reasoning, for that matter.
The main aim of this part is to assess how good you are in English language
English Language reading, grammar, writing, and vocabulary. It may involve, for example, reading
passage comprehension, grammar and usage items, and essay writing.
Other exams may also have a section on quantitative aptitude that requires you
Quantitative Aptitude
to use your maths skills and ability to deal with data.

BA LLB Important Books

To ace the BA LLB entrance exam, one must strategically prepare from the best books. Find here the best books for the BA LLB syllabus that provide unique
perspectives to enhance your preparation:

Section Best Books Author/ Publisher

Legal Aptitude & Logical Reasoning AP Pandey
Legal Aptitude Constitution of India DD Basu
Introduction to the Law of Torts R K Bangia
Manorama Yearbook -
General Knowledge & Current Affairs Pratiyogita Darpan -
India Year Book Publications Division
Word Power Made Easy Norman Lewis
English Language Objective English Edgar Thorpe & SC Gupta
The Pearson Guide to Composition English Wren & Martin
Quantitative Aptitude for Competitive Examinations RS Aggarwal
Fast Track Objective Arithmetic Rajesh Verma
Quantitative Aptitude
A Modern Approach to Verbal & Non-Verbal
R S Aggarwal
Reasoning

BA LLB Course Structure

A BA LLB or Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws combines studies from the humanities with law education. Now we look at how the BA LLB syllabus and
course are usually taught in most colleges.

BA LLB Foundation Years (Years 1 & 2)

The Arts & Humanities stage sets the foundation for your knowledge of law by developing skills in critical thinking, communication, and research. You will take
classes in English Literature, History, Philosophy, Economics, and Political Science.

BA LLB Intermediate Years (Years 3 & 4)

Now you will dive deep into the legal studies. You will look closely at different law branches such as laws about families, owning property, companies, protecting
the environment and those that apply between countries. Prepare for stimulating discussions, case studies, and mock trials. During this time, you have the
chance to delve into particular subjects in the humanities that add value to your law education.

BA LLB Final Year (Year 5)

Time for choosing the area of law you want to focus on. You might pick from options such as business law, laws about crime, rights of people or protecting
nature's legal aspects. This involves advanced courses and research projects that solidify your expertise. A dissertation is the final part of your study at university,
where you get to explore a particular law subject very deeply.