National University of Computer & Emerging Sciences
Karachi Campus
Multivariable Calculus (MT2008) Sessional-II Exam
Date: April 5th, 2024 Total Time: 1 Hour
Time: 8:30 am - 9:30 am Total Marks: 30
Course Instructor(s) Total Questions: 04
Dr. Fahad Riaz, Dr. Nazish Kanwal
Ms. Fareeha Sultan, MS. Alishba, & Ms. Uzma.
Student Name Roll No Section Student Signature
Attempt all questions. There are 4 questions and 1 pages.
CLO #1: Understand the basic concepts and know the basic techniques of differential and integral calculusof functions of several variables.
Question 1 [9 marks]
(a) Let f (x, y) = y cos(2x) − sin(2x).
i. 3 points Find the direction derivative of f at (0, 0) in the direction i − j.
ii. 2 points What is the value of the largest directional derivative of f at (0, 0).
Solution:
(b) 4 points Find an equation for the tangent plane and parametric equations for the normal
line to the surface x2 y 3 z 4 + xyz = 2 at the point (2, 1, −1).
Solution:
CLO #2: Apply the theory to calculate the gradients, directional derivatives, arc length of curves, area of surfaces, and volume of solids. .
Question 2 [6 marks]
(a) 4 points Evaluate the double integral over the rectangular region R.
Z Z
xy
2
dA; R = {(x, y) : 0 ≤ x ≤ 1, −3 ≤ y ≤ 3}.
R x +1
Solution:
x
(b) 2 points Write a formula to find the volume of the solid enclosed between the surface z = y
and the rectangular region R : 0 ≤ x ≤ 2, 1 ≤ y ≤ e2 .
Solution: Z 2 Z e2 Z e2 Z 2
x x
V = dydx or V = dxdy
0 1 y 1 1 y
CLO #3: Solve problems involving maxima and minima, line integral and surface integral, and vector calculus.
Question 3 [ 5 marks]
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Compute the local minima of the given function by using gradient descent algorithm by taking
step size as 0.15 and initial point as (2,2). Perform three iterations.
f (x, y) = 4x2 + 2.5y 2 + 3xy − 5.5x − 4.1y
Solution:
CLO #3: Solve problems involving maxima and minima, line integral and surface integral, and vector calculus.
Question 4 [10 marks]
(a) 5 points Given the three points P1 (1, 4), P2 (5, 2), and P3 (3, −2). Let
G(x, y) = (x − 1)2 + (y − 4)2 + (x − 5)2 + (y − 2)2 + (x − 3)2 + (y + 2)2
is the sum of the squares of the distances from point P (x, y) to the three points (P1 , P2 , &P3 ).
Find the values of x and y so that this G(x, y) is minimized.
Solution:
Gx = 2(x − 1) + 2(x − 5) + 2(x − 3) = 6x − 18 = 0 ⇒ x = 3
4
Gy = 2(y − 4) + 2(y − 2) + 2(y + 2) = 6y − 8 = 0 ⇒ y =
3
4
so critical point is (3, ).
3
Gxx = 6, Gyy = 6, Gxy = 0 ⇒ D = Gxx Gyy − {Gxy }2 = 36 > 0
4 4 80
and Gxx = 6 > 0 ⇒ (3, ) is minimum point and G(3, ) = is the minimum value of G.
3 3 3
(b) 5 points Use Lagrange multipliers to find the maximum and minimum values of the
function subject to the given constraint. Also find the points at which these values occurs.
f (x, y) = x2 + y 2 ; xy = 1.
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Solution: We have ▽f = λ ▽ g ⇒ 2xi + 2yj = λ(yi + xj)
2y
⇒ 2x = λy ⇒ λ = 2x y and 2y = λx ⇒ λ = x . On equating these two equations,
we get x2 = y 2 ⇒ x = ±y. Then g(x, y) gives y 2 = 1 ⇒ y = ±1 and x = ±1, and
f (1, 1) = 2 = f (−1, −1) is the minimum value. No maximum value as function is the
sum of the squares of x and y.
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