//Decimal to Binary, Binary to Decimal
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <cmath>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;
class Converter {
public:
//convert decimal
string toBinary (double decimal){
if (decimal < 0) {
return "-" + toBinary (-decimal);
}
int intPart = static_cast<int>(decimal);
double fracPart = decimal - intPart;
//(integer)
string binaryInt = "";
if (intPart == 0) binaryInt = "0";
while (intPart > 0) {
binaryInt += (intPart % 2) ? '1' : '0';
intPart /= 2;
}
reverse([Link](), [Link]());
//(fractional values)
string binaryFrac = "";
int limit = 20; // max number of digits in fractional binary
while (fracPart > 0 && [Link]() < limit) {
fracPart *= 2;
if (fracPart >= 1.0) {
binaryFrac += "1";
fracPart -= 1.0;
} else {
binaryFrac += "0";
}
}
return [Link]() ? binaryInt : binaryInt + "." + binaryFrac;
}
//convert binary
double toDecimal(const string & binary) {
size_t point = [Link]('.');
double decimal = 0.0;
//(integer)
int power = 0;
int i = (point == string::npos) ? [Link]() - 1 : point - 1;
for (int j = i; j >= 0; --j) {
char c = binary[j];
if (c == '1') {
decimal += pow(2, power);
} else if (c != '0') {
throw invalid_argument("Invalid binary digit");
}
power++;
}
//(fractional values)
if (point != string::npos) {
double frac = 0.0;
double weight = 0.5;
for (size_t k = point + 1; k < [Link](); ++k) {
char c = binary[k];
if (c == '1') {
frac += weight;
} else if (c != '0') {
throw invalid_argument("Invalid binary digit.");
}
weight /= 2.0;
}
decimal += frac;
}
return decimal;
}
};
int main() {
Converter converter;
int choice;
cout << "Conversion Menu:\n";
cout << "1. Decimal to Binary\n";
cout << "2. Binary to Decimal\n";
cout << "Enter your choice (1 or 2): ";
cin >> choice;
if (choice == 1) {
double decimal;
cout << "Enter a decimal number: ";
cin >> decimal;
cout << "Binary: " << [Link](decimal) << endl;
} else if (choice == 2) {
string binary;
cout << "Enter a binary number: ";
cin >> binary;
try {
double result = [Link](binary);
cout << "Decimal: " << result << endl;
} catch (const invalid_argument& e) {
cout << [Link]() << endl;
}
} else {
cout << "Invalid choice.\n";
}
return 0;
}
Decimal To Hexa
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;
string toHex(unsigned long long decimal) {
if (decimal == 0) return "0";
string hex = "";
while (decimal > 0) {
int remainder = decimal % 16;
char hexDigit;
switch (remainder) {
case 10: hexDigit = 'A'; break;
case 11: hexDigit = 'B'; break;
case 12: hexDigit = 'C'; break;
case 13: hexDigit = 'D'; break;
case 14: hexDigit = 'E'; break;
case 15: hexDigit = 'F'; break;
default: hexDigit = remainder + '0'; // for 0–9
}
hex += hexDigit;
decimal /= 16;
}
reverse([Link](), [Link]());
return hex;
}
int main() {
unsigned long long decimal;
cout << "Enter a decimal number: ";
cin >> decimal;
string hex = toHex(decimal);
cout << "Hexadecimal: " << hex << endl;
return 0;
}
