Population

1. A review of occupational distribution of population from time to

time helps us to know the A. rate at which the population grows. B. death rate. B. Birth rate death rate and emigration. C. Death rate, birth
number of people that make up the labour force. C. efficiency of the rate and net migration. D. Migration, large families and birth rate.
[1990/27]
working population. D. industries which are becoming less
16. A declining population is one in which the population is A.
important.[1988/2]
experiencing a high rate of emigration. B. made up of large number
Age distribution Table
of old people. C. not producing enough goods. D. not contributing
0-15 16-35 36-60 61 and above enough to the national income.[2014/13]
10,000 3,000 5,000 2,000
2. The above table shows the age distribution of a town in Nigeria. What 17. Natural growth rate is A. birth rate less death rate. B. death rate
is the dependency ratio of the town A.10:3 B.2:1.C.3:2.D.4:3. less migration. C. death rate plus birth rate. D. birth rate plus
[1988/9] migration. [2004/12]
3. Which of these best explains the Malthusian theory of population A. 18. A major effect of ageing population is A. reduced labour force. B.
increase in population causes hunger and death. B. The population rise in prices of commodities. C. reduced infrastructure. D.
increases faster than food supply. C. The population grows at neglect of agriculture.[2004/13]
arithmetic progression while food production grows at geometric 19. Which of the following is not a reason why people migrate from one
progression. D. People could be sent to 'No man's land' when the
place to another? A. To find jobs and improve their standard of
population increases.[1988/24]
living. B. To live in a more suitable climate. C. For the sake of change
4. Which of the following is capable of increasing the population of a and adventure. D. To buy foreign goods for sale in their country.
country? A. Decrease in death rate. B. Increase in death rate. C. [1991/20]
Poor medical facilities. D. Decrease in birth rate.[2012/17]
20. The natural growth rate of a population is the A.death rate plus net
5. The difference between the number of immigrants and emigrants
immigration. B. rate of migration divided by birth rate. C. birth rate
is A. natural growth rate. B. natural increase C. net migration D.
minus death rate.D.sum of birth rate and net immigration rate.
census.[2012/27]
[1996/13]
6. The increase in population growth in big cities is referred to as
A. settlement. B. migration. C. industrialization D. 21. Which of the following is the approximate working age in
urbanization.[2011/25] Nigeria? A. 1-15.B. 15-65. C.30-40.D.40-65.[1991/23]

7. All the following are features of optimum population except A. full 22. Which of the following statements about population is correct A.
employment of available resources B. unlimited amount of Optimum population whenever achieved does not change.B.Under-
unexploited resources. C. maximum per capita production and population implies that available resources are not used to full
income D. high standard of living.[2012/28] capacity.C.Over-population leads to a higher per capita
output.D.Optimum population leads to overcrowding of cities.
8. The following are means of reducing the population of a country
[2002/24]
except encouraging A. emigration. B. family planning. C. early
marriage. D. sex education. [2012/30] 23. Malthus population theory stated that A. high death rate may lead to
low productivity. B. population may outgrow the means of
9. The grouping of population according to the economic activities
subsistence. C. people will always decide to have children. D.
people engage in is A. age distribution. B .sex distribution. C.
migration may leave some parts of the world barren. [2002/25]
geographical distribution D. occupational distribution. [2011/28]
10. Natural growth rate of population can be defined as the A. difference 24. One of the criticisms of population increase is that it results in A. rise
between birth rate and death rate B. number of births in a year C. in people's standard of living. B. low level of illiteracy. C. low level of
increase in the population growth in a year D. difference between taxation D. increase in government expenditure.[2002/26]
the total population and the death rate.[2011/29] 25. The population density of town Y made up of 50square kilometre
11. The difference between birth rate and death rate is known as A. land area and 100 million people is A. 50,000 people per square
demographic transition. B. natural growth rate. C. migration rate. D. kilometre. B. 0.2 million people per square kilometre. C. 0.5 million
fertility rate.[2012/40] people per square kilometre. D.2 million people per square
kilometre.[2009/31]
12. Which of the following is not correct A. Population refers to the
number of people living in a place. B. The population of a place is not 26. The natural growth rate of a population is the A. sum of the birth rate
static. C. Population is known through a census D. Population is and the death rate. B. sum of the birth rate and the net immigration
affected by the amount of money in circulation. [1989/27] rate. C. birth rate minus the death rate. D. birth rate divided by the
net immigration.[1991/26]
13. The grouping of a population into males and females is known as
27. Which of the following is not likely to be an effect of a growing
the A. geographical distribution. B. age distribution. C. sex
population A. Rise in demand.
distribution. D. man-woman distribution.[1989/31]
B. Unemployment. C. Fall in standard of living.D.High per capital
14. The effect of emigration on a country's population, all other things
income.[2002/27]
remaining constant is to A. increase its size. B. cause overpopulation.
28. Census figures of most countries in West Africa are inaccurate
C. increase its growth rate D. reduce its size.[1991/4]
because of A. low cost of enumeration.
15.Iil o h following are determinants of the rate of population growth? A.
Birth rate, immigration and B.low per capita income. C. high degree of illiteracy.
D.high level of civilization.[2002/28]
 29. One of the factors affecting geographical distribution of
population is A. high birth rate B. high death rate. C.
encouragement of early marriages in the rural areas. D.
climatic conditions of the different parts of the country.
[2006/11]
30. Census of population is usually conducted every A. 20
years. B.15 Years. C. 10 years. D. 7 years. [2000/18]
31. One economic implication of over-population is that it A.
leads to low demand of goods. B. reduces balance of
payments difficulties. C. leads to a fall in per capita
income D.reduces pressure on the available social
facilities.[2000/19]
32. The number of people who are qualified to work and
who offer themselves for employment are called
A.migrant labour. B. working population. C. labour
turnover. D. mobility of labour.[2004/34]
33. Net migration is the difference between A. population
and census. B. immigrants and emigrants.C.per.capital
income and population. D.internal and externál migration.
[2000/21]
34. A country whose population size is too small relative to
its resources is A. over populated. B. optimally populated.
C. under populated. D.producing the optimum output.
[2010/23]
The age distribution of a country's population is shown below.
Use the information to answer questions 35 and 36.
AGE GROUP(YEARS) POPULATION
0-15 30%
16-40 45%
41-60 15%
OVER 60 10%
35. What is the percentage of the working population?
A. 75% B.60% C.45% D. 15 %./2021/26]
368. What is the dependency ratio? A. 2: 3 B. 3:2
C.1:2D.6:1./2021/27]
 THEORY
1. (a) Briefly outline the views of Thomas Malthus about population. (b) How valid are such views about the Nigerian situation today? (1988/4]
2. Below is a pie-chart showing the age distribution of population. The total population is 120 million. The official, school-leaving age is 18 years while
the official retiring age 55 years (a) From the above information, calculate the:(i) population of children between 0 and 17years (ii) population of
old people (55+ years) (iii) working population (18-54 years) (b) What is the economic implication of the above population structure?(1991/1)

3. Describe the factors that can affect the size of a country's population. [1991/9]

4. What are the possible solutions to the problems of rural-urban migration in West African countries? [1992/8]
5. Highlight the economic effects of high population density in Nigeria, (1993/3]
6. Use the data in the table below to answer the questions that follow:
Age group No of Persons in thousands
1955 1960
0-16 150 143
17-45 51 107
46-60 29 33
Above 60 15 17

(a) What is the percentage increase in the working population between 1955 and 1960? (b) Calculate the ratio of dependent population to
the working population in 1955. (c) Calculate the ratio of dependent population to the working population in 1960 (d) Has the
dependency ratio increased or decreased between 1955 and 1960? [1994/2]

7. The data below shows an hypothetical age distribution of the population of a town in Nigeria.

SEX AGE IN YEARS

10 and below 11-14 15-35 36-64 65 and above
MALE 1350 2275 1135 Y 3250
FEMALE 2650 2725 1365 4265 Z
TOTAL 4000 X 2500 7500 6000

23
From the above data calculate: (a) X, Y, Z (b) The total population of the town (c) the difference between the population of male
and female aged 14 and below (d) The percentage of the population aged 14 and below (e) the dependency ratio in the town.
[1997/1]
8(a) Define population census (b) State the implications of (i) optimum population (ii) over-population [1997/5]

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