/*

AIM:

Company maintains employee information as employee ID, name, designation and salary.

Allow user to add, delete information of employee.

Display information of particular employee.

If employee does not exist an appropriate message is displayed.

If it is, then the system displays the employee details.

Use index sequential file to maintain the data.

INPUT: Information of EMPLOYEE

OUTPUT: List of EMPLOYEE details

Author: Dr. Sunil Damodar Rathod.

Date: 27.05.2023

*/

#include<iostream>

#include<fstream>

#include<cstring>

#include<ios> //used to get stream size

#include<limits> //used to get numeric limits

using namespace std;

//Employee Structure

typedef struct EMPLOYEE

int emp_id;//Employee ID

char name[20];//Employee name

char designation[20];//Employee designation

int salary;//Employee Salary

}Rec;
//Index File

typedef struct INDEX

int emp_id;//Primary key is Employee ID

int position;// Index position of Employee record in the actual data file

}Ind_Rec;

class Employee

private:

Rec Records;

Ind_Rec Ind_Records;

public:

Employee();

void Create();

void Display();

void Update();

void Delete();

void Append();

void Search();

};

//All functions are defined outside the class

Employee::Employee()//constructor

Records.emp_id=-1;

strcpy(Records.name,"");

strcpy( Records.designation,"");

Records.salary=0;

//Function to create files

void Employee::Create()

{
int i,j;

char ch='y';

fstream seqfile;

fstream indexfile;

i=0;

//Index file which has emp_id and it's index in file

indexfile.open("IND.txt",ios::in|ios::out|ios::binary);

//Actual Employee records are stored in sequential EMP.txt file

seqfile.open("EMP.txt",ios::in|ios::out|ios::binary);

do

cout<<"\n Enter Emp_ID: ";

cin>>Records.emp_id;

cout<<"\n Enter Name: ";

cin>>Records.name;

cout<<"\n Enter Designation: ";

cin>>Records.designation;

cin.ignore(numeric_limits<streamsize>::max(), '\n'); //clear buffer before taking new

cout<<"\n Enter Salary: ";

cin>>Records.salary;

seqfile.write((char*)&Records,sizeof(Records))<<flush;

Ind_Records.emp_id=Records.emp_id;

Ind_Records.position=i;

indexfile.write((char*)&Ind_Records,sizeof(Ind_Records))<<flush;

i++;

cin.ignore(numeric_limits<streamsize>::max(), '\n'); //clear buffer before taking new

cout<<"\nDo you want to add more records?";

cin>>ch;

}while(ch=='y');

//close all the files

seqfile.close();
 indexfile.close();

void Employee::Display()

fstream seqfile;

fstream indexfile;

int n,i,j;

seqfile.open("EMP.txt",ios::in|ios::out|ios::binary);

indexfile.open("IND.txt",ios::in|ios::out|ios::binary);

indexfile.seekg(0,ios::beg);

seqfile.seekg(0,ios::beg);

cout<<"\n The Contents of file are ..."<<endl;

i=0;

while(indexfile.read((char *)&Ind_Records,sizeof(Ind_Records)))

i=Ind_Records.position*sizeof(Rec);//getting pos from index file

seqfile.seekg(i,ios::beg);//seeking record of that pos from seq.file

seqfile.read((char *)&Records,sizeof(Records));//reading record

if(Records.emp_id!=-1)//if rec. is not deleted logically

{ //then display it

cout<<"\nEmp_ID: "<<Records.emp_id;

cout<<"\nName: "<<Records.name<<flush;

cout<<"\nDesination: "<<Records.designation;

cout<<"\nSalary: "<<Records.salary;

cout<<"\n";

seqfile.close();

indexfile.close();

}
//Function to update the Employee record

void Employee::Update()

int pos,id;

int New_emp_id;

char New_name[10];

char New_desig[20];

int New_salary;

cout<<"\n For updation,";

cout<<"\n Enter the Emp_ID for for searching ";

cin>>id;

fstream seqfile;

fstream indexfile;

seqfile.open("EMP.txt",ios::in|ios::out|ios::binary);

indexfile.open("IND.txt",ios::in|ios::out|ios::binary);

//Set read pointer to the first offset(Address in file)

indexfile.seekg(0,ios::beg);

pos=-1;//initilize position

//reading index file for getting the index

while(indexfile.read((char *)&Ind_Records,sizeof(Ind_Records)))

if(id==Ind_Records.emp_id)//the desired record is found

pos=Ind_Records.position;//get the position to locate the employee in actual data file

break;

//If position is invalid then record is not present

if(pos==-1)

{
 cout<<"\n The record is not present in the file";

return;

else

cout<<"\n Enter the values for updation...";

cout<<"\n Name: ";cin>>New_name;

cout<<"\n Designation: ";cin>>New_desig;

cout<<"\n Salary: ";cin>>New_salary;

//calculating the position of record in seq. file using the pos of ind. file

int offset=pos*sizeof(Rec);

//set the write pointer to the desired offset

seqfile.seekp(offset);//seeking the desired record for modification

Records.emp_id=id;//It's unique key,so can't be changed

strcpy(Records.name,New_name);//can be updated

strcpy(Records.designation,New_desig);//can be updated

Records.salary=New_salary;//can be updated

seqfile.write((char*)&Records,sizeof(Records))<<flush;

cout<<"\n The record is updated!!!";

seqfile.close();

indexfile.close();

//Function to delete the Employee record

void Employee::Delete()

int id,pos;

cout<<"\n For deletion,";

cout<<"\n Enter the Emp_ID for for searching ";

cin>>id;

fstream seqfile;
 fstream indexfile;

seqfile.open("EMP.txt",ios::in|ios::out|ios::binary);

indexfile.open("IND.txt",ios::in|ios::out|ios::binary);

seqfile.seekg(0,ios::beg);

indexfile.seekg(0,ios::beg);

pos=-1;

//reading index file for getting the index

while(indexfile.read((char *)&Ind_Records,sizeof(Ind_Records)))

if(id==Ind_Records.emp_id) //desired record is found

pos=Ind_Records.position;

Ind_Records.emp_id=-1;

break;

if(pos==-1)

cout<<"\n The record is not present in the file";

return;

//calculating the position of record in seq. file using the pos of ind. file

int offset=pos*sizeof(Rec);

seqfile.seekp(offset);//seeking the desired record for deletion

strcpy(Records.name,"");//Logical deletion

strcpy(Records.designation,"");//Logical deletion

Records.emp_id=-1; //logical deletion

Records.salary=-1; //logical deletion

seqfile.write((char*)&Records,sizeof(Records))<<flush;//writing deleted status

//From index file also the desired record gets deleted as follows

offset=pos*sizeof(Ind_Rec);//getting position in index file

Ind_Records.emp_id=-1; //logical deletion of emp_id

Ind_Records.position=pos;//position remain unchanged

indexfile.write((char*)&Ind_Records,sizeof(Ind_Records))<<flush;

seqfile.seekg(0);

indexfile.close();

seqfile.close();

cout<<"\n The record is Deleted!!!";

//Function to append the Employee record

void Employee::Append()

fstream seqfile;

fstream indexfile;

int pos;

indexfile.open("IND.txt",ios::in|ios::binary);

indexfile.seekg(0,ios::end);

pos=indexfile.tellg()/sizeof(Ind_Records);

indexfile.close();

indexfile.open("IND.txt",ios::app|ios::binary);

seqfile.open("EMP.txt",ios::app|ios::binary);

cout<<"\n Enter the record for appending";

cout<<"\nEmp_ID: ";cin>>Records.emp_id;

cout<<"\nName: ";cin>>Records.name;

cout<<"\nDesination: ";cin>>Records.designation;

cout<<"\nSalary: ";cin>>Records.salary;

seqfile.write((char*)&Records,sizeof(Records));//inserting rec at end in seq. file

Ind_Records.emp_id=Records.emp_id; //inserting rec at end in ind. file

Ind_Records.position=pos; //at calculated pos

indexfile.write((char*)&Ind_Records,sizeof(Ind_Records))<<flush;
 seqfile.close();

indexfile.close();

cout<<"\n The record is Appended!!!";

void Employee::Search()

fstream seqfile;

fstream indexfile;

int id,pos,offset;

cout<<"\n Enter the Emp_ID for searching the record ";

cin>>id;

indexfile.open("IND.txt",ios::in|ios::binary);

pos=-1;

//reading index file to obtain the index of desired record

while(indexfile.read((char *)&Ind_Records,sizeof(Ind_Records)))

if(id==Ind_Records.emp_id)//desired record found

pos=Ind_Records.position;//seeking the position

break;

if(pos==-1)

cout<<"\n Record is not present in the file";

return;

//calculate offset using position obtained from ind. file

offset=pos*sizeof(Records);

seqfile.open("EMP.txt",ios::in|ios::binary);

//seeking the record from seq. file using calculated offset

seqfile.seekg(offset,ios::beg);//seeking for reading purpose

if(Records.emp_id==-1)

cout<<"\n Record is not present in the file";

return;

else //emp_id=desired record’s id

cout<<"\n The Record is present in the file and it is...";

cout<<"\n Emp_ID: "<<Records.emp_id;

cout<<"\n Name: "<<Records.name;

cout<<"\n Designation: "<<Records.designation;

cout<<"\n Salary: "<<Records.salary;

seqfile.close();

indexfile.close();

int main()

Employee List;

char ans='y';

int choice,key;

fstream out;

out.open("EMP.txt",ios::out);

out.close();

out.open("IND.txt",ios::out);

out.close();

choice=0;

while(choice !=7)

cout<<"\n***************Index Sequential File**************"<<endl;

cout<<"\n 2.Display All Employee Records";

cout<<"\n 3.Update an Employee Information";

cout<<"\n 4.Delete a Record";

cout<<"\n 5.Append a Record";

cout<<"\n 6.Search an Employee";

cout<<"\n 7.Exit";

cout<<"\n Enter your choice: ";

cin>>choice;

switch(choice)

case 1:

List.Create();

break;

case 2:

List.Display();

break;

case 3:

List.Update();

break;

case 4:

List.Delete();

break;

case 5:

List.Append();

break;

case 6:

List.Search();

break;

case 7:

break;

default:

cout<<"Wrong Choice!!";
 }

return 0;