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The document outlines a Python script for performing simple linear regression analysis on a dataset containing TV advertising budgets and sales figures. It includes steps for data loading, model training, making predictions, and evaluating model performance using metrics such as MAE, MSE, and RMSE. Additionally, it visualizes the actual vs. predicted sales values using a scatter plot and regression line.

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kruthika c g
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28 views2 pages

ml1 PRG

The document outlines a Python script for performing simple linear regression analysis on a dataset containing TV advertising budgets and sales figures. It includes steps for data loading, model training, making predictions, and evaluating model performance using metrics such as MAE, MSE, and RMSE. Additionally, it visualizes the actual vs. predicted sales values using a scatter plot and regression line.

Uploaded by

kruthika c g
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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# Importing necessary libraries

import pandas as pd # For data manipulation and analysis


import numpy as np # For numerical operations
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt # For data visualization
from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split # For splitting dataset into training and testing
sets
from sklearn.linear_model import LinearRegression # For performing linear regression
from sklearn import metrics # For evaluating model performance

# Loading the dataset from a CSV file


dataset = pd.read_csv("C:/Users/DELL/OneDrive/Desktop/New folder/newclass/trial/Advertising.csv")

# Selecting the independent variable (TV advertising budget) and dependent variable (Sales)
x = dataset[['TV']] # Independent variable (features)
y = dataset['Sales'] # Dependent variable (target)

# Splitting the dataset into training (70%) and testing (30%) sets
x_train, x_test, y_train, y_test = train_test_split(x, y, test_size=0.3, random_state=100)

# Creating a Simple Linear Regression model


slr = LinearRegression()

# Training the model using the training data


slr.fit(x_train, y_train)

# Printing the intercept (constant term in the linear equation)


print("Intercept:", slr.intercept_)

# Printing the coefficient (slope of the regression line)


print("Coefficient:", slr.coef_)

# Making predictions on the test data


y_pred_slr = slr.predict(x_test)

# Printing the predicted values for the test set


print("Prediction of test set:", y_pred_slr)

# Creating a DataFrame to compare actual vs. predicted values


slr_diff = pd.DataFrame({'Actual value': y_test, 'Predicted Value': y_pred_slr})

# Displaying the first few rows of the comparison DataFrame


slr_diff.head()

# Plotting the actual vs. predicted values


plt.scatter(x_test, y_test, label="Actual Values") # Scatter plot of actual values
plt.plot(x_test, y_pred_slr, color='red', label="Regression Line") # Regression line in red
plt.legend() # Adding legend to the plot
plt.show() # Displaying the plot

# Calculating mean absolute error (MAE) - average of absolute differences between actual and
predicted values
meanAbErr = metrics.mean_absolute_error(y_test, y_pred_slr)

# Calculating mean squared error (MSE) - average of squared differences between actual and
predicted values
meanSqErr = metrics.mean_squared_error(y_test, y_pred_slr)
# Calculating root mean squared error (RMSE) - square root of the mean squared error
rootMeanSqErr = np.sqrt(metrics.mean_squared_error(y_test, y_pred_slr))

# Printing the R-squared value (model accuracy percentage)


print('Root Squared: {:2f}'.format(slr.score(x, y) * 100))

# Printing the Mean Absolute Error


print('Mean Absolute Error:', meanAbErr)

# Printing the Mean Squared Error


print('Mean squared Error:', meanSqErr)

# Printing the Root Mean Squared Error


print('Root Mean Squared Error:', rootMeanSqErr)

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