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Neural Networks

Artificial Intelligence (AI) encompasses machines that perform tasks requiring human intelligence, with neural networks being a key subset that mimics the brain's structure. Neural networks consist of interconnected layers that process data and learn through backpropagation, with various types like CNNs for image recognition and RNNs for sequential data. Challenges such as bias, explainability, and energy consumption remain, while the future of AI focuses on achieving general AI and ensuring safety in alignment with human values.

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Francisco Arriaga
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13 views1 page

Neural Networks

Artificial Intelligence (AI) encompasses machines that perform tasks requiring human intelligence, with neural networks being a key subset that mimics the brain's structure. Neural networks consist of interconnected layers that process data and learn through backpropagation, with various types like CNNs for image recognition and RNNs for sequential data. Challenges such as bias, explainability, and energy consumption remain, while the future of AI focuses on achieving general AI and ensuring safety in alignment with human values.

Uploaded by

Francisco Arriaga
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Artificial Intelligence and Neural Networks: Mimicking the Human Brain

Artificial Intelligence (AI) refers to machines designed to perform tasks that


typically require human intelligence, such as learning, reasoning, and problem-
solving. A key subset of AI is Machine Learning (ML), where algorithms improve
through experience. The most advanced ML models today rely on **neural networks**,
computational systems inspired by the human brain’s structure.

**How Neural Networks Work**


Neural networks consist of interconnected layers of artificial neurons (nodes).
Each connection has a "weight" that adjusts as the network learns. The three main
layers are:
- **Input Layer:** Receives data (e.g., pixels in an image).
- **Hidden Layers:** Process data through weighted connections.
- **Output Layer:** Produces the final prediction (e.g., identifying a cat in a
photo).

Training involves **backpropagation**, where errors are minimized by adjusting


weights using optimization techniques like gradient descent.

**Types of Neural Networks**


- **Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs):** Excel in image recognition (used in
facial recognition, medical imaging).
- **Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs):** Handle sequential data (e.g., language
translation, stock prediction).
- **Transformers:** Power modern AI like ChatGPT, using attention mechanisms for
context-aware processing.

**Challenges & Ethical Concerns**


Despite breakthroughs, AI faces challenges:
- **Bias:** Models can inherit biases from training data.
- **Explainability:** "Black box" decision-making raises transparency issues.
- **Energy Consumption:** Large models (e.g., GPT-3) require massive computational
resources.

AI’s future lies in **general AI** (human-like reasoning) and **AI safety**
research to ensure alignment with human values.

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