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Numerical Assignment 3

The document contains solutions to two interpolation problems using Lagrange and Newton methods. For the first problem, the estimated lift coefficient at 7° is 0.8232, while the second problem estimates the temperature at 15 minutes to be 53.8636 °C, with a first derivative of 0.7348 °C/min and a second derivative of 0.1212 °C/min². The calculations demonstrate the application of numerical methods for estimating values and their rates of change.

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22 views3 pages

Numerical Assignment 3

The document contains solutions to two interpolation problems using Lagrange and Newton methods. For the first problem, the estimated lift coefficient at 7° is 0.8232, while the second problem estimates the temperature at 15 minutes to be 53.8636 °C, with a first derivative of 0.7348 °C/min and a second derivative of 0.1212 °C/min². The calculations demonstrate the application of numerical methods for estimating values and their rates of change.

Uploaded by

70152071
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Assignment No.

3
Question No.1:

Solution
# Known angle of attack values (in degrees)
x_values = [0, 5, 10, 15]
# Corresponding lift coefficient values
y_values = [0.0, 0.6, 1.1, 1.3]
# The angle at which we want to interpolate
x_target = 7

def lagrange_interpolation(x_vals, y_vals, x):


total = 0
n = len(x_vals)
for i in range(n):
term = y_vals[i]
for j in range(n):
if i != j:
term *= (x - x_vals[j]) / (x_vals[i] - x_vals[j])
total += term
return total

cl_at_7 = lagrange_interpolation(x_values, y_values, x_target)


print(f"Estimated lift coefficient at {x_target}° is {cl_at_7:.4f}")

Output
Estimated lift coefficient at 7° is 0.8232

Question No.2:
Solution
x = [5, 9, 12, 20] # Time in minutes
y = [45, 50, 52, 60] # Temperature in °C
x_target = 15
def divided_differences(x, y):
n = len(x)
table = [[0 for _ in range(n)] for _ in range(n)]
for i in range(n):
table[i][0] = y[i]
for j in range(1, n):
for i in range(n - j):
table[i][j] = (table[i+1][j-1] - table[i][j-1]) / (x[i+j] -
x[i])
return table
def newton_interpolation(x, table, x_vals, x_point):
n = len(x_vals)
result = table[0][0]
product = 1
for i in range(1, n):
product *= (x_point - x_vals[i-1])
result += table[0][i] * product
return result
# Compute divided difference table
dd_table = divided_differences(x, y)
# Estimate temperature at 15 minutes
temp_at_15 = newton_interpolation(x, dd_table, x, x_target)
print(f"Estimated temperature at {x_target} minutes: {temp_at_15:.4f}
°C")
# Estimate first derivative (using finite difference from Newton's
polynomial)
# f'(x) ≈ f[x1,x2] + f[x1,x2,x3]*(2x - x1 - x2) + ...
f1 = dd_table[0][1] # first divided difference
f2 = dd_table[0][2] # second divided difference
f3 = dd_table[0][3] # third divided difference
d1 = f1 + f2 * (2 * x_target - x[0] - x[1]) + f3 * (3 * x_target**2 - 2 *
x_target * (x[0] + x[1] + x[2]) + x[0]*x[1] + x[0]*x[2] + x[1]*x[2])
print(f"Estimated first derivative (rate of change) at {x_target}
minutes: {d1:.4f} °C/min")
# Estimate second derivative
# f''(x) ≈ 2f[x1,x2,x3] + 6f[x1,x2,x3,x4]*(x - avg)
avg = (x[0] + x[1] + x[2]) / 3
d2 = 2 * f2 + 6 * f3 * (x_target - avg)
print(f"Estimated second derivative (acceleration) at {x_target} minutes:
{d2:.4f} °C/min²")
Output
Estimated temperature at 15 minutes: 53.8636 °C
Estimated first derivative (rate of change) at 15 minutes: 0.7348 °C/min
Estimated second derivative (acceleration) at 15 minutes: 0.1212 °C/min²

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