Present Perfect

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@ksueng
 PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

Время Present Perfect обозначает действие, которое

завершилось к настоящему моменту или завершено в
период настоящего времени. Хотя английские глаголы в
Present Perfect обычно переводятся на русский язык в
прошедшем времени, следует помнить, что в английском языке
эти действия воспринимаются в настоящем времени, так как
привязаны к настоящему результатом этого действия.

I have done my homework already.

Я уже сделал домашнее задание.
We have no classes today, our teacher has fallen ill.
У нас сегодня не будет уроков, наш учитель заболел.
 Утвердительные предложения:

I have played
We have played
You have played
He / she / it has played
They have played

Вопросительные предложения:

Have I played?
Have we played?
Have you played?
Has he / she / it played?
Have they played?

Отрицательные предложения:

I have not (haven’t) played

We have not (haven’t) played
You have not (haven’t) played
He / she / it has not (hasn’t) played
They have not (haven’t) played

Время Present Perfect образуется при помощи вспомогательного

глагола to have в настоящем времени и причастия прошедшего
времени значимого глагола, то есть его «третьей формы».

To have в настоящем времени имеет две формы:

has – 3 лицо, ед. ч. (He has played)
have – 1 и 2 лицо ед.ч. и все формы мн. ч. (I have played)
 Примечание

Личные местоимения и вспомогательный глагол часто

сокращаются до he’s, they’ve и т. д.

Причастие прошедшего времени (Participle II) можно получить,

прибавив к начальной форме смыслового глагола окончание -ed:
examine – examined, enjoy – enjoyed, close – closed

Однако есть также достаточно большая группа неправильных

английских глаголов, которые образуют форму прошедшего
времени не по общим правилам. Для них форму причастия
прошедшего времени нужно запомнить.

В вопросительном предложении вспомогательный глагол

выносится на место перед подлежащим, а смысловой глагол
остается после него:

Have you seen this film?

Ты смотрел этот фильм?
Has she come yet?
Она еще не пришла?

В отрицательных предложениях за вспомогательным глаголом

следует отрицательная частица not. Формы have и has при этом
могут быть сокращены до haven’t и hasn’t соответственно:

I haven’t seen him since then.

С тех пор я его так и не видел.
СЛУЧАИ УПОТРЕБЛЕНИЯ PRESENT PERFECT

1. для описания опыта говорящего, чего-либо пережитого

говорящим, либо отсутствия такового:
I have visited the Louvre 3 times.
Я посетил Лувр три раза.
He has never traveled by train.
Он никогда не ездил поездом.

2. Если период, в который произошло действие, еще не закончился:

I have finished reading “Dracula” this week.
На этой неделе я закончил читать «Дракулу».

3. Для обозначения действий, которые начались в прошлом и

продолжаются в момент разговора:
I’ve studied Spanish since childhood.
Я учил испанский с детства.
I haven’t seen my hometown for 45 years.
Я не видел свой родной город 45 лет.

4. Для описания перемен, изменений, случившихся в процессе

течения времени с какого-либо момента в прошлом.
Если момент в прошлом, с которого начались
изменения, указывается, то он выражается
предлогом since.

You have grown since the last time I saw you.

Ты вырос с тех пор, как я видел
тебя в последний раз.
The government has become more
interested in arts education.
Правительство стало больше
интересоваться образованием в
области искусства.
My English has really improved since
I moved to Australia.
Мой уровень английского сильно
улучшился с тех пор, как я переехал в
Австралию.
 PRACTICE
1. Put these verbs into three groups:

be, come, do, swim, eat, feel, finish, forget, give, help, learn,
leave, carry, make, meet, phone, drink, play,read, say, see,
sleep, speak, spend, take, tell, watch,look, write, jump

regular irregular - same as irregular - different

past simple from past simple
 2. Choose the correct option.
1. I have / has already finished my homework.
2. My sister have / has just started the university.
3. They have / has gone to the sea.
4. Dad have / has watered the plants.
5. Our German teachers have / has never ridden a horse.
6. Luke, Ann and Kim have / has bought a new flat.
7. You have / has taken the dog for a walk.
8. The weather have / has been terrible since Friday.
9. My little son have / has just stopped crying.

3. Fill in the correct form of the verb

1. My brother _____ never _____ this film. (see)

2. Our school team _____ just ______ the competition. (win)

3. They _____ already _____ the test in maths. (write)

4. I ______ already ______ an invitation to the

wedding. (receive)
well
done!
5. She _____ never _____ sushi in Japan. (eat)

6. _____you ever _____ to India? (be)

7. We _____ just _____ the bus. (miss)

8. Whom _____ you just _____ an SMS? (send)

9. They _____ already _____ their homework. (do)

10. I _____ never _____ any planes in my life. (fly)

11. What _____ you already ______ for her birthday? (buy)
4. Complete the sentences with the verbs given in the box

play go prepare cook read fail wash water be type

watch work clean do break

1. I _____ already _______ the dishes.

2. We ___________ in that company for 8 years.

3. Jack ___________ his homework.

4. We _____ just _______ the house. Everywhere is clean.

5. My cousin _________ a book since 7 o’clock.

6. I _____ already ______ for the party. Now I can go out.

7. We ___________ TV at home for hours.

8. My dad ___________ a delicious meal for us. It smells good.

9. Kim _____ never ______ in her exams.

10. Philip ___________ the piano for 10 years.

11. I _____ just ______ the flowers.

12. My grandparents _____ just ______ on holiday.

13. She _____ just ______ the vase.

 5. Write sentences in present perfect tense using
the following words.

1. enjoy/ the weekend/ Martin and Sonia.

___________________________________________________
2. swim/ in the lake/ Gina
___________________________________________________
3. ask/ some questions /Ivan
___________________________________________________
4. hear/ some strange noises/ you.
___________________________________________________
5. play/ the drums / Elizabeth.
___________________________________________________
6. forget/ the dictionary/ Lorena.
___________________________________________________
7. punish/ the naughty student/the teacher.
___________________________________________________
8. collect/ a lot of foreign stamps/ my friends.
___________________________________________________
9. recycle/ cans and bottles/ My parents.
___________________________________________________
10. snow / in the mountains/ it
___________________________________________________
11. buy/ a yellow car/ They
___________________________________________________
12. build/ a skyscraper in New York / They
___________________________________________________
13. organize/ a festival/ my teachers.
___________________________________________________
14. adopt/ a hamster/ I
___________________________________________________
 6. Choose the correct option.

1. I haven't / hasn't eaten breakfast already.

2. She haven't / hasn't finished her homework.

3. They haven't / hasn't watched a movie.

4. He haven't / hasn't visited his grandparents.

5. We haven't / hasn't cleaned the house.

6. You haven't / hasn't read that book before.

7. The dog haven't / hasn't played in the park.

8. My sister haven't / hasn't bought a new dress.

9. We haven't / hasn't studied English for two years.

10. The students haven't / hasn't taken the test.

11. I haven't / hasn't seen that movie yet.

12. He haven't / hasn't finished his dinner.

13. She haven't / hasn't written the letter.

14. They haven't / hasn't visited the museum.

15. We haven't / hasn't met our new neighbors.

16. You haven't / hasn't called your friend.

17. The cat haven't / hasn't caught any mice.

18. My brother haven't / hasn't played soccer today.

19. We haven't / hasn't bought groceries.

20. The children haven't / hasn't done their homework.

7. Complete the sentences with the correct negative
form of present perfect .

1. We ______________ (travel) to Austria recently.

2. I ______________ (eat) my fruit salad.

3. They ______________ (visit) the Eiffel Tower.

4. She ______________ (see) ”Titanic” nine times.

5. We _________________ (be) to the Grand Canyon.

6. I _________________(do)my English homework yet.

7. He _________________ (never-eat) beef.

8. She _________________ (read) “The Adventures of Tom Sawyer”

eleven times.

9. John _________________ (change) his password on Facebook.

10. Mike _________________ ( decide) his future job yet.

11. I _________________(drive) on the left for ages!

12. Sue _________________(leave) any spare biscuits, selfish as she is!

13. Dad _________________(complain) about the destruction of our gate

after the accident with a lorry.

14. The police _________________(arrest) the bank robbers so far.

15. They _________________ (eat) all their food.

16. He _________________ (talk) to his parents.

 8. Choose the correct option.

1. Have / Has you seen that movie yet?

2. Have / Has he finished his dinner?

3. Have / Has she written the letter?

4. Have / Has they visited the museum?

5. Have / Has we met our new neighbors?

6. Have / Has you called your friend?

7. Have / Has the cat caught any mice?

8. Have / Has your brother played soccer today?

9. Have / Has we bought groceries?

10. Have / Has the children done their homework?

9. Write questions.

1. She / see / her sister?

________________________________________________________

2. They / phone / the doctor?

________________________________________________________

3. You /take / any photographs?

________________________________________________________

4. He / make / any mistakes?

________________________________________________________

5. We / watch / any television today?

________________________________________________________
 10. Answer these questions using short answers.

1. Have you found a new job ?Yes, ____________

2. Has she booked for her holidays? No, ____________

3. Has he bought many clothes? Yes, ____________

4. Have they caught the thief? Yes, ____________

5. Has he decided to move? No, ____________

6. Has he got plenty of money ? No, ____________

7. Have they washed their car? Yes, ____________

8. Has he replaced his dishwasher? No, ____________

11. Order the words to make sentences.

1. I / been / concert / to / haven't / a

___________________________________________________________

2. tried / sushi / She / hasn't

___________________________________________________________

3. never / traveled / They / abroad / have

___________________________________________________________

4. that / park / visited / We / have

___________________________________________________________

5. seen / Have / you / a / shooting / star

___________________________________________________________
12. Look at the children's to-do lists. What have
they already done and what haven't they done?

dust in the living room

clean the room

do homework in English

take a stroll with friends

go to the pool

visit grandma

buy groceries
Olivia

go to soccer practice

do biology homework

help mum cook dinner

walk the dog

wash the dishes

watch a history documentary

Ethan
run in the park
Good job!