12/12/2024

Borrow-pit Method
Irregular prism:

A
V  ( h1h2 h3 h4 )
h3 4
h1
h4 where
EARTHWORKS Area
h2
A = base area
h = height of the corners
Borrow-pit Method
Learning Outcome: Solve the volume using borrow-pit method.

1 2

Borrow-pit Method Borrow-pit Method

 The volume is determined based on a predetermined grid pattern.
 Elevations are then measured at the corners of the grid, which are given titles. METHOD 2:

h1 h2 h7 h9
h9
h1 h2 h2 h1
1 2 3 A
h7 Vtotal  ( h1 2h 2 3h3 4 h4 )
A3 h10 h3 h4 h8 h10 4
h2 h8 h2 h4 h3 h1
A2 4 5
h1 h6 h1: heights used once
A1 h4 h5 h11 h2: heights used two times
A5 h11 h2 h3: heights used three times
h3 h1 h1
h4: heights used four times
h6
A4
An
( hi )
h5
Vn  Vtotal V1V2 ...Vn
4

3 4

Sample Problem 1. Solution:

Sample Problem 1. Given: A
V (h1 h 2  h 3  h 4 )
4
After surveying a borrow pit, the surveyor produced the following 20 m x 20 m borrow pit grid as
shown below. The following data are the elevations of the ground surface at the corners of the
square section of the lot. Find the volume of the earthworks excavated if the ground surface is to
Vtotal V1V2 ...Vn
be levelled to elevation of 10 m.

13.5
12.4
Grid Area (m2) Average height (m) Volume (m3)
1 2 1 (20*20)=400 (2.4+3.5+2.8+3.3)/4 = 3.000 1200.000
13.3 12.1 11.8 2 (20*20)/2=200 (3.5+2.1+3.3)/3 = 2.967 593.333
12.8
3 (20*20)=400 (2.8+3.3+3.2+3.1)/4 = 3.100 1240.000
3 4 5
4 (20*20)=400 (3.3+2.1+3.1+2.4)/4 = 2.725 1090.000
13.1 12.4 • Ground surface is to be levelled to
13.2 11.6 elevation 10 m. 5 (20*20)=400 (2.1+1.8+2.4+1.6)/4 = 1.975 790.000
6 •Grid size = 20 m x 20 m 6 (20*20)/2=200 (3.1+2.4+2.8)/3 = 2.767 553.333
7
7 (20*20)=400 (2.4+1.6+2.8+1.3)/4 = 2.025 810.000
12.8
11.3 Vtotal = 6276.667

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Sample Problem 2.

Sample Problem 2.

Determine the volume of the borrow pit. In a plan, a borrow pit is 75 x 135 m. Before and after
excavation, levels are run, and offsets are measured from stations and one of the 135 m sides.
The computed cuts are shown in the following table.

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Sample Problem 2. Grid Area (m2) Average height (m) Volume (m3)
1 30*25=750 (0+1.5+1.2+2.9)/4 = 1.4000 1050.000
2 30*25=750 (1.2+2.9+2.5+3.7)/4 = 2.575 1931.250
3 30*25=750 (2.5+3.7+0+0)/4 = 1.550 1162.500

4 20*25=500 (1.5+0+2.9+10.6)/4 = 3.750 1875.000

5 20*25=500 (2.9+10.6+3.7+8.7)/4 = 6.475 3237.500

6 20*25=500 (3.7+8.7+0+1.9)/4 = 3.575 1787.500

7 25*25=625 (0+4.5+10.6+9.7)/4 = 6.200 3875.000

8 25*25=625 (10.6+9.7+8.7+8.7)/4 = 9.425 5890.625

9 25*25=625 (8.7+8.7+1.9+7.6)/4 = 6.725 4203.125

10 25*25=625 (4.5+6.2+9.7+7.9)/4 =7.075 4421.875

11 25*25=625 (9.7+7.9+8.7+9.4)/4 = 8.925 5578.125

12 25*25=625 (8.7+9.4+7.6+6.8)/4 = 8.125 5078.125

13 15*25=375 (6.2+.4.7+7.9+8.4)/4 = 5.743 2153.625

14 15*25=375 (7.9+8.4+9.4+8.4)/4 = 8.525 3196.875

15 15*25=375 (9.4+8.4+6.8+6.3)/4 = 7.725 2896.875
Dist. 2 stations 16 20*25=500 (4.7+0+8.4+2.5)/4 = 3.900 1950.000
Dist. 2 17 20*25=500 (8.4+2.5+8.4+3.6)/4 = 5.725 2862.500
offsets
Area
18 20*25=500 (8.4+3.6+6.3+0)/4 = 4.575 2287.500

Vtotal = 55438 m3