eone try
Recall:
Length of AB = Vo2-y1)* + (2 -X1)*
Midpoint of AB =,22)
Gradient of AB = Y
m gradient,c >y- intercept
Equation of AB y = mx +c
Gradient Rule:
) Parallel lines have the same gradient
For perpendicular lines, the product of their gradient
is-1
(ii)
Perpendicular Bisector AB
to AB
Line passing through the midpoint of AB and perpendicular
perg
biccta
Circles
cCh
Equation of Circle
r2
(x-h +-k) =
Tangent and Normal
27|Pa ge
0on tngy
N o m a l
o C6nktcr
Note: Normal passes through both the centre and the point of contact. The tangent is perpendicular
to the normal and passes through the point of contact
Example 1:
meets CD at the point X, C(7,2), D(11,5).
Find
The perpendicular bisector of AB, A(-2,1), B(8,7) that this
and has radius of 7cm. Given
the length of XD. Find the equation of the circle with centre B
circle cuts the x axis at point 7, find the coordinates of TT
Equation of CD m = Equation of perpendicular bisector AB
y - 1 = m(r - x1)) mYm)=3,4) m=-
y-2-7 y-1=m(x - x1)
4y-8 3x-21 y-4 (x-3)
4y-3x= -13 3y-12 =5x +15
y29 29 3y+5x = 27
x(147 16
x29 29
eneh fX-s-(1-
215
units
29
Equation of circle at B(8,7) r=7
-a+-b = r
x-8)2 +-7)? =49
x+y2 16x-14y-64 0
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(x-8)+(y-7)2 = 49
x-8)2+(0-7)2 = 49
(x-8)2+ 49 = 49
x-8)2=0
x = 8
T(8,0)
Example 2:
Find the centre and radius of the following circles:
25
x2+y+4x+9y-25 0 y+ +9"+^)
+ 2+(y+-17
V197 and sSuee k.
r= -units
i) x2+y2-4x+10y 20 = 0
-2)2+6 +5)2 = 72
C(2,-5), r = 7 units
(ii) 3x2+3y2-6x-24y+3 = 0
x+y2-2x-8y +1 =0
-1) +0-4) = 16
C(1,4), r=4units
Example 3:
Find the equation of the circle with centre (5,2) and passing through the point (-3,5)
Equation of circle r= V73
-a) +(-b) = r
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(x-5)2+(y-2) = 73
Example 4:
Find the equation of the circle that has two points (-5,8) and (3,5) as endpoints of a diarneter.
(-s,8)
73
d= v73, r= C Mdpo.-
(3,5)
(a+1)+(y-
Example 5:
6x 2y -3 = 0 at the point
Find the equation ofthe tangent and normal to the circle x2+y2-
-
(5,4)
x+y-6x 2y-3 -
= 0 nofna
(x-3)2+y-1) = 1
C(3,1)
C3
4-1
m
5-3
3
m-
Equation of Normal
y - y 1 = m(x - X1)
y-4--5)
2y-83x 15
2y-3x =-7
Equation of Tangent
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y-y1= m{x - X)
y-4=-(-5)
3y 12= -2x + 10
3y+2x = 22
Example 6:
Showthat part of the line 3y = x -+5 is a chord of the circle x2 +y2- 6x - 2y 15 = 0 and the
length of this chord
x2+y2-6x -2y 15 =0
(3y-5)+y-6(3y-5)-2y-15 = 0
9y2 30y+25y2-18y +30 2y-15 = 0
10y2 50y +40 0
kre e
y-5y+4 =0 chsre
-4)(-1) = 0 ak we pon
y = 4
y=1
x = 3(4) - 5 x = 3(1)-5
x= 7 x=-2
( )
Length of chord= 3/10 units
Example 7:
Find the points of intersection of
+y-2y-4 =0 (1)
x+y-x +y- 12 =0 (2)
(1)-(2)gives
x-3y+8 0
x-3y=-8 Equation of chord
(3y-8)2+y2-2y-4 = 0
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9y-48y+64+y2 -2y -4 0
10y2 50y +60 = 0
y-5y+ 6 =0
-3)-2) = 0
y = 3 2
X=1 x=-2
(1,3) and (-2,2)
Example 8:
Find the equation of the circle passing through the points (0,1), (4,3) and (1,-1)
(0,1) (4.3)
Equation perpendicular y = -2x +6
(1)
(4,3) (1,-1)
Equation perpendicular - + y (2)
Solvesimuitaneouslyx =y =1
c)
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Equation of circle
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