Paraphrasing is
1.Rewriting
2.Changing words
3.Not missing ideas
4.Process
OF
1. Reading
2. Making points
3. Write your version with points without looking at text
4. Compare both your version and text and make changes if you find similarities
BY
1. Using synonyms
The synonyms of “SEE” are “Observe, View, Watch, Perceive, Notice, Glance at, Look at,
Spot, Witness, Gaze at, Discern, Behold, Survey, Scan, Examine.” (to be used taking into
account the context and part of speech).
2. Changing the sentence structure-active to passive
She likes cooking cakes. (Active). Cooking Cakes is liked by Her (Passive)
3. Breaking long ones to short ones and club shorter ones
Long Sentence:
"Despite the fact that it was raining heavily outside, John decided to go for a jog
around the neighborhood, hoping the rain would stop, but it only got worse as time
went on, soaking him completely."
Shortened Sentences:
"It was raining heavily outside. John decided to jog around the neighborhood. He
hoped the rain would stop, but it got worse. He was soaked completely."
Short Sentences:
"The dog ran through the yard. It chased a squirrel. The squirrel climbed a tree."
Lengthened Sentence:
"The dog ran excitedly through the yard, chasing after a squirrel that quickly scurried
up a tree to escape."
4. Remove unnecessary words and phrases to make the text more concise without changing
meaning.
Original Text:
"In the event that you are unable to attend the meeting tomorrow, please let us know as soon
as possible so that we can make the necessary arrangements and adjust the schedule
accordingly."
Concise Version:
"If you can't attend the meeting tomorrow, please let us know so we can adjust the schedule."
5. Keep key terminology, especially in technical or academic writing. Don't try to find
synonyms for established terms in the specialised field.
Original Text (with unnecessary synonym usage):
"The patient was diagnosed with myocardial infarction, which is commonly referred to as a
heart attack. It occurs when the heart's blood supply is obstructed, leading to damage of the
heart tissue."
Revised Text (keeping key terminology):
"The patient was diagnosed with myocardial infarction, which occurs when the blood supply
to the heart is blocked, causing damage to the heart tissue."
In this case, "myocardial infarction" is a technical term that should be used without trying to
replace it with a synonym like "heart attack" (though the latter could be used for clarification
if needed).
Some Examples of paraphrase
Original: "The researchers conducted extensive experiments to investigate the effects of sleep
deprivation on cognitive performance."
Paraphrase: "Scientists performed comprehensive tests to examine how lack of sleep impacts
mental functioning."
Original:
"Global warming is causing a rise in sea levels, which threatens coastal communities
worldwide."
Paraphrase:
"Coastal areas around the globe are at risk due to increasing sea levels caused by global
warming."
Original: "The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog."
Paraphrase: "A brownish speedy fox leaps over a lethargic canine."
“A fast, brown fox leapt over a sluggish dog.”
Original: "The effects of climate change are becoming increasingly evident, with rising sea
levels and more frequent extreme weather events."
Paraphrase: "We can see the growing impact of climate change in things like higher sea
levels and more common severe storms."
Original:
“Global warming is a long-term rise in the average temperature of the Earth’s climate
system, caused by the accumulation of greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide, in the
atmosphere. These gases trap heat, leading to changes in weather patterns, rising sea levels,
and extreme weather events.”
Paraphrase:
“Global warming refers to the sustained increase in Earth's average temperature due to the
build-up of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide. These gases retain heat in the atmosphere,
resulting in altered weather patterns, higher sea levels, and more frequent extreme weather
events.”
Original: "Giraffes like Acacia leaves and hay, and they can consume 75 pounds of food a
day."
Paraphrase: "A giraffe can eat up to 75 pounds of Acacia leaves and hay every day."
