INTEGRATION

Reverse the DIFFERENTIATION!

DIFFERENTIATION:

INTEGRATION: reverse the seguence and reverse the operations.

INTEGRATION

Indefine integral Definite Integral

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Example of Integration

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Find

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DEFINITE INTEGRALS

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INTEGRATION BY SUMMATION
A) AREA
a. Area under the curve and the x-axis

y = f(x)

a b x

Area of the shaded region

b.) Area under the curve and the y-axis

y = f (x)
b

Area of the shaded region

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Example

C(0, 6)
y = x2

B
R y+ x= 6
P Q
0 x=k x
A(6, 0)

The diagram shows the curve intersecting the straight line AC at B. Find

a) the coordinates of B
b) the area of the shaded region
c) the area of region R.

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Find the area of the shaded region for the following diagrams.
1.
y
y = x2 + 1

O x=1 x=3 x

2. The figure shows the curve , the shaded region P and the shaded region
Q. Calculate
a. The area of the shaded region P,
b. The area of the shaded region Q,
c. The area of the whole shaded region.

y = 3x(2 - x)
4
O x

3. The figure shows part of the curve that intersects the straight line
x = 3 at point Q. The straight line RQ is parallel to the x-axis. Find
a. The coordinates of the points P, Q and R,
b. The area of the shaded region.

y
y 2 = 4(x + 1)
R Q

P
x= 3

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4. The below figure shows the curve and the straight line y = 7 –x.
Find
a. The coordinates of the points P and Q
b. The area of the shaded region.

y = x 2 - 4x +7
P

Q
y=7-x

O x

5. The diagram below shows the curve and the straight line x = k. If the
area of the shaded region is 54 units , find the value of k.

y
y = 6 x2

O x= k x

6. The diagram shows a part of the curve . The line PQ is parallel to

the x –axis. Find
a. The coordinates of P and of Q
b. The area of the shaded region.

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 y
y = 7 + 6 x - x2

P Q

O x

VOLUME OF THE SOLID REVOLUTION

The volume of the solid generated when the region

enclosed by the curve , the x = axis, the line x = a and
the line x = b is revolved through 360 about the x – axis.

y = f (x )

O a b x

The volume of the solid generated when the region

enclosed by the curve , the y = axis, the line y = a and
the line y = b is revolved through 360 about the y – axis.

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1. The gradient of the tangent at a point on a curve is given by .Find the
equation of the curve which passes through (2,1)

Solution:

2. The diagram shows part of the curve and the line . Find
a) the points of intersection, A and B.
b) the area enclosed by the curve and the line

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 y
B
A

O x

Solution:
Step 1: Find the intersection points (Point A and B) …using simultaneous
equation.

Step 2: Find the area of the curve from x = ….. to x = ….. (using integration !)

*Remember that we only need the area of the shaded region, and the integration give us
more than that area, so we need to push out the extra area which happen to be the shape
of trapezium!!!*

y y y
B B B
A
-
A A
=
O x O x O x

2 methods to get this area!

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3. Find the area between the curve and the x-axis from x = -1 to x = 2.

- 1 O ? x

Solution:
Need to break into 2 parts.

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 2
4. The diagram shows the curve ( y−1 ) =x +4 meets the y-axis at B and C.
a. Find the coordinates of B and C.
b. Calculate the area of the shaded region.

A
B

o
x
C

SOLUTION:
Step 1: Setup equation in term of y = 0 becoz the curve meets the y-axis,
so x = 0.

( y−1 )2−4=0
y 2 −2 y−3=0
.
.
∴ Coordinate of B=( , )
Coordinate of C=( , )

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b) Area of shaded region;
3 4
=∫ [ ( y−1 ) −4 ] dy
2
+ ∫ [ ( y−1 )2−4 ] dy
−1 3

¿ 13 unit 2

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VOLUME

1. The diagram shows a part of the curve . The shaded region from x = 1 to x = 2
is revolved through 360 about the x-axis. Find the volume generated in term of .

o 1 2 x

Solution:

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2. The diagram shows the straight line is a normal to the curve at
M(2,1). Find
a) the area of the shaded region,
b) the volume generated, in terms of , when the region bounded by the
curve, the normal and the x-axis is revolved through 360 about x-
axis.

o x

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3. The figure shows part of the curve intersects with a straight line at point p.
y
1
y= x2
2

O x

2x + y = 6

Find
a) the coordinate of P.
b) the area of the shaded region.
c) the volume generated, in terms of , when the region bounded by the curve, the x-
axis and the straight line is revolved through 360 about the x-axis.

Answer: a) P(2,2) b) c)

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Name : …………………………………………….

SPM 2005 PAPER 1 QUESTION 21

Given that Find the value of k.

4 Marks

SPM 2005 PAPER 2 QUESTION 8 Section B

In Diagram 4, the straight line PQ is the normal to the curve at A(2,3). The
straight line AR is parallel to the y-axis.

A(2,3)

O R Q(k,0) x
Diagram 4

Find
a) the value of k.
b) the area of the shaded region

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c) the volume generated, in terms of , when the region bounded by the curve , the y-
axis and the straight line y = 3 is revolved through 360 about the y-axis.
10 Marks
SPM 2006 PAPER 1 QUESTION 20

Diagram 8 shows cutting the x-axis at x = a and x = b.

O a b x

Diagram 8

Given the area of the shaded region is 5 unit , find the value of

2 Marks

SPM 2006 PAPER 1 QUESTION 21

Given that , find

1

a) the value of
∫ g ( x ) dx. b) the value of k if
5

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 4 Marks

SPM 2006 PAPER 2 QUESTION 8 Section B

Diagram 2 shows the straight line intersecting the curve at the

points A and B.

A
P

O k x

Diagram 2
Find
a) the value of k.
b) the area of the shaded region P.
c) the volume generated, in term of , when the shaded region Q is revolved 360
about the x-axis.

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 10 Marks.

SPM 2007 PAPER 1 QUESTION 21

Given the , find

a) b)

4 Marks

SPM 2007 PAPER 2 QUESTION 10 Section B

Diagram 5 shows part of the curve , where k is a constant.

P
O R x
x =3

The curve intersect the straight line x = 3 at point A. At point A, .

a) Find the value of k.

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b) Hence calculate

i) the area of the shaded region P.

ii) the volume generated , in term of , when the region R which is bounded by the
curve, the x-axis and the y-axis, is revolved through 360 about the x-axis.
10 Marks
SPM 2008 PAPER 1 QUESTION 21

Given that where p and c are constants, find

a) the value of p

b) the value of c if when x = 1.

3 Marks

SPM 2008 PAPER 2 QUESTION 7 Section B

Diagram 7 shows the curve and the tangent to the curve at the point A(1,6).

A(1,6)

O x

Diagram 7

Calculate
a) the equation of the tangent at A 3 Marks
b) the area of the shaded region 4 Marks

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c) the volume of revolution, in term of , when the region bounded by the curve and the
straight line y = 7 is rotated 360 about the y _ axis. 3 Marks

SPM 2009 PAPER 1 QUESTION 18

Given that find the value of m.

3 Marks

SPM 2009 PAPER 1 QUESTION 19

The gradient function of a curve is where k is a constant. It is given that the

curve has a turning point at ( 2,1 ). Find

a) the value of k b) the equation of the curve.

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 4 Marks

SPM 2009 PAPER 2 QUESTION 7 Section B

Diagram 7 shows the straight line OQ and the straight line y = k intersecting the curve
at point Q.

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Q y=k

O x

Diagram 7

It is given that the area of the colored region is unit .

a) Find the value of k. 6 Marks

b) The region enclosed by the curve and the y_axis is revolved through 360 about the
y_axis. Find the volume of revolution, in terms of .
4 Marks

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