Lecture sheet-1

Topics:
1. Syntax
2. Objects
3. Complement
4. Transitive, intransitive and linking verb
5. Conjugation of verb
6. Noun and determiner
7. Pronoun

Syntax
Syntax refers to sentence structure, sentence building, sentence form or sentence construction. It is the way
that words and phrases are put together to from sentences in a language.
1. In English Grammar − deals with formation of sentences. [36Zg wewmGm-16]
a Morphology b Etymology c Syntax d Semantics Ans: c
2. ‘Syntax’ means− [11Zg wewmGm, cwievi Kj¨vY cwi`wk©Kv-15 †e‡ivwe 11-12, ivwe 14-15, 07-08, 08-09,
09-10, 10-11, Bwe. 10-11]
a Manner of speech b Sentence building c Supplementary tax d Synchronizing act Ans: b
Object
3. Jony went home. The underlined part is−
a Object b Adverb c Adjective d Noun
4. Identify the underlined item in the sentence. “Whom do you like most?” [COU 08-09]
a Subject b Relative pronoun c Direct object d Indirect object Ans: c
4. Identify the underlined items: What did you tell her? [COU (B) 09-10]
a predicate b question c indirect object d direct object Ans: d
5. Choose the correct sentence. [RU English 09-10, RU (E) 18-19]
a I presented her a flower. b I presented a flower for her.
c She was presented a flower by me. d I presented her with a flower. Ans: d
6. Mrs. Lubna has returned − [RU (dvBb¨vÝ GÛ e¨vswKs) 04-05]
a the wallet to its original owner b to it original owner the wallet
c the wallet to its originally owner d a wallet back to its original owner Ans: a
7. The professor gave − [DU (C) 05-06, CU (D) 11-12]
He gave − /She gave − [RU (E-†Rvo) 15-16, CU (D) 11-12, (B-1) 15-16]
a to the class a tough assignment b a tough assignment for the class
c the class a tough assignment d an assignment tough to the class Ans: c
Object vs Complement :
8. ‘He became a politician.’ Here ‘politician’ is used as− [¯^v¯’¨ gš¿Yvj‡qi mn. cÖ‡KŠkjx (wmwfj)-17]
a Object b Subject c Adverb d Complement Ans: d
9. It is difficult to pass this admission test. Here ‘difficult’ is− [RU (A_©bxwZ) 09-10]
a noun b adjective c adverb d complement Ans: d
Transitive verb :
8. He took shelter under a tree. Here the verb ‘took’ is− [Dc‡Rjv cjøx Dbœqb Kg©KZ©v-12]
a Transitive b intransitive c Both ‘a’ and ‘b’ d Neither ‘a’ nor ‘b’ Ans: a
9. The boy reads a book. What kind of verb ‘read’ in the sentence is?
[PSC 04, RU (E) 18-19, evsjv‡`k Uvwid Kwgk‡b M‡elYv Kg©KZ©v-18]
a principal verb b auxiliary verb c transitive verb d intransitive verb Ans: c
 Intransitive verb :
10. Fire burns. What kind of verb ‘burn’ is?
[CU (E) 07-08, BSMRSTU (D) 13-14, RU (MY‡hvMv‡hvM) 07-08, (E-we‡Rvo) 15-16, JKKNIU (K) 16-17, (AL) 18-19]
a Intransitive b Transitive c Causative d Copulative Ans: a
11. Which one is intransitive verb? [ivRkvnx K…wl Dbœqb e¨vsK (mycvifvBRvi)-15]
a raise b lay c set d rise Ans: d
12. The door opened automatically. The verb in this sentence is−
[cwi‡ek Awa`߇ii mnKvix cwiPvjK (KvwiMwi)-11, cÖvK-cÖv_wgK mnKvix wkÿK (†WjUv)-14, JKKNIU (K) 16-17]
a Transitive b Intransitive c Linking d Non-finite Ans: b
13. Which of the following is NOT a type of incomplete verb? [IU (C) 11-12]
a auxiliary verb b intransitive verb c semi-auxiliary verb d being verb Ans: b
Linking verb :
14. He became a politician. Here ‘became’ is a/an: [RU (A, †Rvo) 16-17]
a transitive verb b linking verb c action verb d intransitive verb Ans: b
15. Honey tastes sweet. Here ‘taste’ is a/an − verb. [IU (AvBb)04-05]
a linking b intransitive c non-finite d none Ans: a
16. He went mad. This verb is : [RU Al 19-20]
The boy went mad. Here ‘went’ is a − verb. [IU (B) 13-14]
a transitive b intransitive c linking d stative Ans: c

The following verbs are not normally used in the continuous form- (Wren & Martin)
1. Verbs of perception – see, hear, smell, notice, recognize.
2. Verbs of appearing- appear, look, seem.
3. Verbs of emotion- want, wish, desire, feel, like, love,hate, respect, refuse, prefer.
4. Verbs of thinking- think, suppose, believe, agree, consider, trust, remember, forget, know,
imagine, mean, mind, understand.
5. Have- own, possess, belong to, contain, consist of, be( except when used in the passive)
The Conjugation of Verb
Strong verbs or irregular verbs
নিয়মঃ নিতরেে Vowel পনেবততি করে
Present (Base Form) Past Form Past participle
Abide Abode Abode
Arise Arose Arose
Awake Awoke Awoke
Be (am,is,are) Was, were Been
Bear Bore Borne
Bear Bore Born
Become Became Become
Begin Began Begun
Behold Beheld Beheld
Beat Beat Beaten
Bid Bade Bid
Bite Bit Bit
Bind Bound Bound
Bleed Bled Bled
Breed Bred Bred
Blow Blew Blown
Break Broke Broken
Chide Chid Chid
Choose Chose Chosen
Cling Clung Clung
Come Came Come
Creep Crept Crept
Dig Dug Dug
Do Did Done
Draw Drew Drawn
Drink Drank Drunk
Drive Drove Driven
Eat Ate Eaten
Fall Fell Fallen
Feed Fed Fed
Fight Fought Fought
Find Found Found
Fly Flew Flown
Forbid Forbade Forbade
Forgive Forgave Forgiven
Forget Forgot Forgotten
Forsake Forsook Forsaken
Freeze Froze Frozen
Get Got Gotten
Give Gave Given
Go Went Gone
Grow Grew Grown
Hang Hung Hung
Hide Hid Hid
Hold Held Held
Know Knew Known
Lie Lay Lain
Make Made Made
Meet Met Met
Mistake Mistook Mistaken
Ride Rode Ridden
Ring Rang Rung
Rise Rose Risen
Run Ran Run
See Saw Seen
Sit Sat Sat
Sink Sank Sunk
Shrink Shrank Shrunk
Spring Sprank Sprung
Spin Spun Spun
Speak Spoke Spoken
Shake Shook Shaken
Shine Shone Shone
Shoot Shot Shot
Slay Slew Slain
Smite Smote Smote
Stand Stood Stood
Steal Stole Stolen
Stick Stuck Stuck
Strike Struck Struck
Strive Strove Striven
Swear Swore Sworn
Swim Swam Swum
Take Took Taken
Tear Tore Torn
Throw Threw Thrown
Tread Trod Trodden
Wake Woke Waken
Wear Wore Worn
Weave Wove Woven
Win Won Won
Write Wrote Written
Withhold Withheld Withheld
Withdraw Withdrew withdrawn

নিয়মঃ ককোিরূপ পনেবততি িো করে

Present( Base Form) Past form Past participle

Bet Bet Bet
Bid Bid Bid
Burst Burst Burst
Cast Cast Cast
Cost Cost Cost
Cut Cut Cut
Hit Hit Hit
Hurt Hurt Hurt
Let Let Let
Put Put Put
Quit Quit Quit
Read Read Read
Set Set Set
Shut Shut Shut
Spread Spread Spread
Spit Spit Spit
Thrust Thrust Thrust
Broadcast Broadcast Broadcast
Telecast Telecast Telecast

Verbs that are often confused

Present(Base form) Past form Past participle
Beat (প্রহার করা) Beat Beaten
Bite (কামড়ান া) Bit Bitten
Bear (বহ করা) Bore Borne
Bear (প্রসব করা) Bore born
Compete (প্রতিন াতিিা করা) Competed Competed
Fall(পতিি হওয়া) Fell Fallen
Complete(সম্পূর্ণ করা) Completed Completed
Feel(অ ুভব করা) Felt Felt
Fill (পূর্ণ করা) Filled Filled
Fail (বযর্ণ হওয়া) Failed Failed
Leave(পতরিযাি করা) Left Left
Live Lived Lived
Lie (শুনয় র্াকা) Lay Lain
Lie (তমর্যা বলা) Lied Laid
Lay(শ াওয়ান া) Laid Laid
Loose (আলিা করা) Loosed Loosed
Lose (হারান া) Lost Lost
Raise(শিালা) Raised Raised
Rise (ওঠা) Rose Risen
Sew (শসলাই করা) Sewed Sewed
Sow (বীজ শবা া) Sowed Sowed
Show (শেখান া) Showed Showed
Strike (আঘাি করা) Struck Struck
 Weak Verbs or Regular Verbs
wbqg t †ewki fvM Verb – Gi †k‡l ed ‡hvM K‡i -* (verb +
ed)
Present tense Past tense Perfect tense

Present (Base form) Past form Past participle

form
Add (‡hvM Kiv) added added
Allow (AbygwZ †`Iqv) allowed allowed
Appear (Dcw¯’Z nIqv) appeared appeared
Ask (wRÁvmv Kiv) asked asked
Boil (‡dvUv‡bv) boiled boiled
Borrow (avi Kiv) borrowed borrowed
Cheer (DrmvwnZ Kiv) cheered cheered
Clean (cwi¯‹vi Kiv) cleaned cleaned
Climb (Av‡ivnY Kiv) climbed climbed
Delay (‡`wi Kiv) delayed delayed
Discuss(Av‡jvPbv Kiv) discussed discussed
Dream(¯^cœ †`Lv) dreamed/dreamt dreamed/dreamt
End (‡kl Kiv) ended ended
Enjoy (Dc‡fvM Kiv) enjoyed enjoyed
Fail (e¨_© nIqv) failed failed
Fill (c~Y© Kiv) filled filled
Fix (w¯’i Kiv) fixed fixed
Flow (cÖevwnZ Kiv) flowed flowed
Hang (dvuwm‡Z Szjv‡bv) hanged hanged
Help (mvnvh¨ Kiv) helped helped
Jump (jvdv‡bv) jumped jumped
Kill (nZ¨v Kiv) killed killed
Laugh (nvmv) laughed laughed
Load (‡evSvB Kiv) loaded loaded
Lock (Pvwe †`Iqv) locked locked
Look (ZvKv‡bv) looked looked
Mend (‡givgZ Kiv) mended mended
Need (cÖ‡qvRb Kiv) needed needed
Obey (Av‡`k cvjb Kiv) obeyed obeyed
Own (wb‡Ri AwaKv‡i ivLv) owned owned
Pass (DËxY© nIqv) passed passed
Paint (AvuKv) painted painted
Play (†Ljv Kiv) played played
Pull (Uvbv) pulled pulled
Push (†Vjv) pushed pushed
Punish (kvw¯Í †`Iqv) punished punished
Rain (e„wó nIqv) rained rained
Reach (‡cŠuQv‡bv) reached reached
Rear (jvjb cvjb Kiv) reared reared
Sew (†mjvB Kiv) sewed sewed
Sow (exR †evbv) sowed sowed
Show (‡`Lv‡bv) showed showed
Stay (_vKv) stayed stayed
Stroke (g„`y AvNvZ Kiv) stroked stroked
Thank (ab¨ev` †`Iqv) thanked thanked
Wait (A‡cÿv Kiv) waited waited
Wash (‡aŠZ Kiv) washed washed
Wish (B”Qv Kiv) wished wished
Work (KvR Kiv) worked worked
Walk (nvuUv) walked walked

wbqg t g~j Verb – Gi †k‡l e _vK‡j ïay –-d ‡hvM nq |

Present(Base form) Past form Past participle form
Agree agreed agreed
Advise advised advised
Arrive arrived arrived
Arrange arranged arranged
Care cared cared
Change changed changed
Charge charged charged
Close closed closed
Compare compared compared
Compete competed competed
Complete completed completed
Dare dared dared
Dance danced danced
Die died died
Divide divided divided
Gaze gazed gazed
Hate hated hated
Hope hoped hoped
Live lived lived
Lie lied lied
Loose loosed loosed
Love loved loved
Move moved moved
Place placed placed
Flee fled fled
Have had had
Hear heard heard
Sell sold sold
Tell told told

wbqg t verb-Gi †k‡l GKwU consonant Ges Zvi c~‡e© GKwU vowel
_vK‡j consonant double K‡i –ed †hvM nq|

Present (Base form) Past form Past participle

Beg begged begged
Cancel cancelled cancelled
Drop dropped dropped
Hop hopped hopped
Emit emitted emitted
 Nod nodded nodded
Pat patted patted
Plan planned planned
Refer referred referred
Rub rubbed rubbed
Stop stopped stopped
Travel travelled travelled
Quarrel quarreled quarreled
নিয়মঃ Verb এে কেরে y থোকরে y= i+ed/d

Present(Base form) Past form Past participle

Bury Buried Buried
Carry Carried Carried
Cry Cried Cried
Dry Dried Dried
Fry Fried Fried
Try Tried Tried
Hurry Hurried Hurried
Marry Married Married
Lay Laid Laid
Pay Paid Paid
বযতিক্রম: Enjoy(উপনভাি করা) Enjoyed Enjoyed

নিয়ম: verb এে নকছু পনেবততি করে এবং কেরে t বনিরয়

Present(Base form) Past form Past Participle
Bend Bent Bent
Build Built Built
Burn Burnt Burnt
Buy Bought Bought
Catch Caught Caught
Fight Fought Fought
Deal Dealt Dealt
Dream Dreamt Dreamt
Dwell Dwelt Dwelt
Keep Kept Kept
Kneel Knelt Knelt
Learn Learnt Learnt
Leave Left Left
Lend Lent Lent
Mean Meant Meant
Seek Sought Sought
 Send Sent Sent
Sleep Slept Slept
Smell Smelt Smelt
Spell Spelt Spelt
Spend Spent Spent
Sweep Swept Swept
Teach Taught Taught
Think Thought Thought
Weep Wept Wept

Confusing:1
V1 V2 V3 V1 V2 V3
Flee (cjvqb Kiv) Fled Fly Fled (Iov) Flew (d¬z) Flown

Flow (cÖevwnZ nIqv) Flowed Flowed Overflow Overflowed Overflowed

1. The river has ⎯ its banks.

a) overflown b) overflowed c) overflew d) overloaded Ans:b
2. The past participle form of ‘flee’ is −
a) Flowed b) Falled c) Felt d) Fled Ans: d
Confusing: 2
V1 V2 V3 V1 V2 V3
Hang (duvwm †`qv) Hanged Hanged Hang (e¯‘ Szjv‡bv) Hung Hung
[Link] the correct sentence.
a) He was hunged for murder. b) He has been hunged for murder.
c) He was hanged for murder. d) He had been hunged for murder. Ans:c
2. Which one is correct?
a) We hanging the picture in the wall. b) We were hung the picture on the wall.
c) We hung the picture on the wall. d) We hanged the picture on the wall. Ans:c
Confusing: 3
V1 V2 V3 V1 V2 V3
Lie (wg‡_¨ ejv) Lied Lied Lay (wKQz ivLv, KvD‡K ï‡q Laid Laid
ivLv, wWg cvov)
Lie (ï‡q _vKv, wKQz c‡o _vKv) Lay lain

Lie/lied/ lay/ lain/lying Gi c‡i preposition/adverb e‡m (Active voice Gi †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨
wKš‘ Lay/ laid/lying Gi c‡i noun/pronoun e‡m (Active voice Gi †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨
1. She usually - the baby down for sleep at this time.
a) lies b) lied c) lay d) lays Ans:d
2. Which one is a past form?
a) lied b) lay c) put d) all of these Ans:d
 Noun & Determiner
চোকনেে পেীক্ষোয় এই টনপক কথরক কেিোরব প্রশ্ন হয় -
[Link] of Noun
[Link] of noun
[Link] with countable/ uncountable Noun
[Link] of Noun
[Link] of Noun

IDENTIFICATION/FORMATION OF NOUN
ce, cy, th, ty, tion, sion, ment, ness, hood, dom, ship, age, cide, or/er.
Advice, Accommodation, Reproduction, Obedience, Equity, Chaos, Frequency, Poverty, Species

1. Which of the following is a noun? [evsjv‡`k cÖwZ‡hvwMZv Kwgkb (e¨w³MZ mnKvix)-19]

a widespread b disaster c deadliest d None of the above Ans: b
2. ‘Water’ is an example of⎯ [ms¯‹…wZ welqK gš¿Yvj‡q DcmnKvix cÖ‡KŠkjx-19]
a adverb b preposition c verb d conjunction Ans: c
3. Which one is the noun form? [Pjw”PÎ I cÖKvkbv Awa`߇i K¨v‡givg¨vb-19]
a horrible b horror c horrify d horribly Ans: b
4. The word ‘Productivity’ is a/an⎯ [`y‡h©vM e¨e¯’vcbv I ÎvY gš¿Yvj‡q Awdm mnvqK-19]
a adjective b verb c adverb d noun Ans: d
5. Good will (mybvg) †Kvb part of speech? [evsjv‡`k cjøx Dbœqb †ev‡W©i mnKvix Bb‡dvm©‡g›U †Kv-AwW©‡bUi-19]
a Pronoun b Noun c Verb d Adverb Ans: b
6. The word ‘practice’ is a/an⎯ [moK cwienb I †mZz gš¿Yvj‡qi Dc-mnKvix cÖ‡KŠkjx (hvwš¿K)-19]
a verb b noun c adjective d adverb Ans: b
7. The word ‘wisdom’ is a⎯ [moK cwienb I †mZz gš¿Yvj‡qi Dc-mnKvix cÖ‡KŠkjx (hvwš¿K)-19]
a noun b pronoun c verb d adverb Ans: a
8. Which one is the noun? [moK cwienb I †mZz gš¿Yvj‡qi Dc-mnKvix cÖ‡KŠkjx (hvwš¿K)-19]
a Poverty b Simple c Important d Rich Ans: a
9. The word ‘reproduction’ is⎯ [DU (D) 03-04, cÖvK-cÖv_wgK mnKvix I cÖavb wkÿK-15]
a an adjective b a verb c an adverb d a noun Ans: d
10. Which one is noun? [ivKve (†Kvlva¨ÿ)-15, Bmjvgx e¨vsK (ATO)-17, grm¨ Awa`ßi (wnmveiÿK)-18]
a nostalgic b nostalgically c nostalgia d nostalgica Ans: c

Kinds of Nouns
: Noun cÖavbZ `yB cÖKvi| h_v I. Concrete Noun Ges II. Abstract Noun.
[Link] Noun ‡h Noun ¸‡jv‡K †`Lv hvq, ¯úk© Kiv hvq,‡kvbv hvq,hv‡`i NªvY Ges
(Bw›`ªqMÖvn¨/e¯‘evPK ¯^v` †bqv hvq|G‡`i kvixwiK AvK…wZ Av‡Q|‡hgb: boy, song,
bvg) flower, milk
[Link] Noun ‡h noun ¸‡jv Øviv †Kv‡bv wKQzi wbi‡cÿ †`vl/¸Y, Ae¯’v Ges Kv‡Ri
(¸YevPK/fveevPK bvg) bvg †evSvq | G‡`i kvixwiK AvK…wZ †bB|‡hgb: softness, wealth,
silence, revenge
 Proper Noun :
1. The name of one particular person, thing or place is called : [PSTU (CSE) 13-14]
A A collective noun B A material noun C A proiper noun D A common noun Ans: c
2. Which of the following is proper noun? [RU (f~‡Mvj) 05-06, HSTU (G) 17-18]
A Rabindranath B Car C Rain D Fast (†ivRv, Dcevm) Ans: a
3. The Padma is a river. Choose the correct parts of speech of the underlined word. [RU 07-07]
A Collective nonn B Pronoun C Abstract noun D Proper noun Ans: d
cixÿvq Avmvi g‡Zv ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Proper Noun : The Ittefaq, Bashar, Rahim, June, Bangladesh, Karim,
Rabiundranath, Dhaka, The Padma, Rome, Africa, New Year etc.
Common Noun :
4. What kind of noun is ‘Girl’? [10th BCS, HSTU (B) 08-09, COU (B) 09-10]
A Proper noun B Common noun C Material noun D Collective noun Ans: b
5. The elephant has great strength, GLv‡b elephant kãwU − [cÖv_wgK cÖavb wkÿK (wkDjx)-09]
A proper noun B common noun C collective noun D material noun Ans: b
6. I recognized your voice at once. [RU (Law) 06-07]
A Common B Proper C Collective D Abstract Ans: a
7. A noun that names a general class of person, place or things is a − [evsjv‡`k e¨vsK-01]
A proper noun B general noun C perfect noun D common noun Ans: d
8. What kind of noun is ‘river’? [dvqvi mvwf©m A¨vÛ wmwfj wW‡dÝ-Gi †dvig¨vb-19]
A Material B Collective C Proper D Common Ans: a
cixÿvq Avmvi g‡Zv ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Common Noun : Ring, man, boy, girl, student, teacher, doctor, book, pencil,
pen, candle, cow, sheep, elephant, fish, river, flower, bee, robber, soldier, king, capital, city, ring, country,
table, chair BZ¨vw`|
Collective Noun :
9. You must watch the fleet. Here ‘fleet’ is − [RU (E) 14-15, mvDw`÷ e¨vsK wj. cÖ‡ekbvix Awdmvi-16]
A an abstract noun B a proper noun C a collective noun D a material noun Ans: c
10. A herd of cattle is passing. The underlined word here is − [RvZxq mÂq cwi`߇ii mn: cwiPvj-09]
A adjective B common noun C collective noun D abstract noun Ans: c
11. I saw a − of monkeys in the forest. [CU (A1) 14-15]
A group B herd C swarm D flock troop Ans:
12. The word ‘army’ is a − [Pjw”PÎ I cÖKvkbv Awa`߇ii K¨v‡givg¨vb-19]
A abstract noun B common noun C collective noun D material noun Ans: c
13. I saw a − of cows in the field. [wewmAvB wmÕi mn: e¨e¯’vcK (cÖkvmb)-11, ivRkvnx K…wl Dbœqb e¨vsK (K¨vwkqvi)-17]
A group B herd C swarm D flock Ans: b
14. A group of lions is called − [`y‡h©vM e¨e¯’vcbv Awa`߇ii Awdm mnKvix-19]
A a pack of lions B a pride of lions C a flock of lions D a colony of lions Ans: b
15. What is the collective noun for a group of young partridges? [mnKvix _vbv wkÿv Awdmvi-99]
A gaggle B covey C flock D school Ans: b

Wad Banknotes
Herd Cows/cattle/deer/swine
Troop Horse/monkeys
Bouquet Flowers
Swarm Flies/bees
Flock Birds/sheep
School/shoals Fish
Galaxy Talents / stars
Pride Lions
 Noun of multitude
16. The committee ⎯ unable to agree on this question. [ivRkvnx K…wl Dbœqb e¨vsK (mycvifvBRvi)-15]
A is B was C were D none of those Ans: c
17. Choose the correct sentence. [DU (A) 12-13]
A The jury are arguing among themselves.
B The jury is arguing among themselves.
C The jury has argued among themselves.
D The jury has been arguing among themselves. Ans: a

cixÿvq Avmvi g‡Zv ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Collective Noun : army, audience, cattle, crowd, class, clergy, committee,
group, family, flock, fleet, jury, herd, majority, Minority, nation, mob, navy, parliament, people, public,
team BZ¨vw`|
Material Noun
18. ‘Water’ is a ⎯ noun. [cÖZœZË¡ Awa`߇ii Gw÷‡gUi-19]
A proper B common C material D abstract Ans: c
cixÿvq Avmvi g‡Zv ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Material Noun : Water, Wood, Paper, Steel, Milk, Salt, Iron

Abstract Noun
†h mKj noun Øviv †`vl, ¸Y, Ae¯’v I Kv‡Ri bvg †evSvq, Zv‡`i‡K Abstract noun e‡j Ges G‡`i †k‡l ce, cy, th,
ty, ness, ment, hood, tion, sion, ship, dom, ry BZ¨vw` ‘suffix’ _v‡K|
19. What type of noun the word ‘Chemistry’ is? [DPE mnKvix wkÿK-18]
A abstract B material C proper D common Ans: a
20. ‘Slave’ kãwUi Abstract Noun n‡eÑ [cÖv-cÖv_wgK mnKvix wkÿK (kxZjÿ¨v)-13]
A Slavery B Slave C Slaverer D Slaves Ans: a
21. What kind of noun is ‘honesty’? [MYc~Z© Awa`߇i DcmnKvix cÖ‡KŠkjx (wmwfj)-11 IU G 13-14, H 17-18]
A Proper B Common C Abstract D Collective Ans: c
22. Honesty is the best policy. GLv‡b honesty †Kvb noun? [cÖv_wgK cÖavb wkÿK (kvcjv)-09, CU (D) 07-08]
A Proper noun B Common noun C Collective noun D Abstract noun Ans: d
23. Which type of noun ‘beauty’ is − [kÖg gš¿Yvj‡qi †iwR÷ªvi-00, RU 05-06]
‘Beauty is truth’ Here ‘beauty’ is − noun [9g wkÿK wbeÜb-14]
A Common B Proper C Collective D Abstract Ans: d
24. Wisdom is better than strength. GLv‡b strength kãwUÑ [cÖv_wgK cÖavb wkÿK-09, JU (B2) 13-14
A Proper noun B Common noun C Collective noun D Abstract noun Ans: d
25. Without health there is no happiness. GLv‡b happiness kãwUÑ [cÖv_wgK mnKvix wkÿK (myigv)-10]
A Proper noun B Common noun C Collective noun D Abstract noun Ans: d
26. What kind of noun is ‘Discipline’? [IU 06-07, DPE mnKvix jvB‡eªwiqvb Kvg K¨vUvMvi Kvg wnmveiÿK-18]
A Abstract noun B Collective noun C Proper noun D Common noun Ans: a
27. ‘Forgiveness is a great virtue.’ ev‡K¨ forgiveness kãwU †Kvb cÖKv‡ii noun? [CU (H) 07-08]
A Proper noun B Common noun C Abstract noun D Collective noun Ans: c
28. The word ‘Agency (G‡RwÝ-cÖwZwbwaZ¡)Õ is a/an − [IU (P) 10-11, JKKNIU (M) 16-17]
A Common noun B Collective noun C Proper noun D Abstract noun Ans: d
we‡kl `ªóe¨ : Arts Ges sciences Gi bvg¸‡jv Abstract noun n‡e| For Example : music, grammar,
chemistry BZ¨vw`| (P.C. Das)
cixÿvq Avmvi g‡Zv ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Abstract Noun : Agency, Death, Honesty, Length, Hieght, Unity, Poverty,
Youth, Kindness, Childhood, Manhood, Studentship, Humility, Friendship, Roguery, Truth, Theft, Victory

Transformation of noun
Proper noun , Material noun, Abstract noun, ‡K `yBwU Dcv‡q Common noun Kiv hvq|
cÖ_gZ G‡`i c~‡e© articles (a, an, the) ewm‡q Ges wØZxqZ, G‡`i‡K plural ev eûeP‡b iƒcvšÍwiZ
K‡i|wKš‘ Collective noun ‡K ïaygvÎ plural K‡i(c~‡e© msL¨vevPK kã ewm‡q A_ev s/es hy³ K‡i
) common noun Kiv hvq|
29. He is a justice of the High Court. Here ‘justice’ is a/an- noun. [7g wkÿK wbeÜb-11]
A abstract B material C proper D common Ans: d
30. Drive the nail into the table. GLv‡b nail kãwU †Kvb cÖKv‡ii noun? [cÖv_wgK cÖavb wkÿK (cÙ)-09]
A Proper B Common C Collective D Material Ans: b
31. The rice of Dinajpur is fine. The underlined ‘rice’ in the sentence is a [HSTU B 15-16]
A proper noun B common noun C collective noun D abstract noun Ans: b
32. Our class consists of twenty public. Here ‘public’ is an example of − [JU 09-10]
A Common noun B Proper noun C Collective noun D Abstract noun Ans: a
33. There are ten classes in our school. What kind of noun is the word ‘class’ [KUET 06-07]
A abstract nout B common noun C collective noun D noun of multitude Ans: b
34. Which one is correct? [¯^ivóª gš¿Yvj‡qi cÖkvmwbK Kg©KZ©v I Kviv ZË¡veavqK-06]
A Kazi Nazrul Islam is the Shelley of Bangladesh
B Kazi Nazrul Islam is the Shelley of the Bangladesh
C Kazi Nazrul Islam is a Shelley of Bangladesh
D Kazi Nazrul Islam is a Shelley of the Bangladesh Ans: a
35. Nazrul is the Byron of Bangladesh. The underlined word is used as −
[mnKvix cwiPvjK (wnmveiÿY) evsjv‡`k wUGÛwU †evW©-95, CU (F) 12-13]
A Proper
noun B Common noun C Material noun D Abstract noun Ans: b
36. The charity of Hatem Tai is known to all. The underlined word is −[HSTU (D) 14-15]
[mn: _vbv wkÿv Awdmvi-10]
A material noun B common noun C abstract noun D collective noun Ans: b

A list of Uncountable Noun

Accommodation, baggage , luggage, bread, equipment, furniture, machinery, poetry, money, knowledge,
progress, publicity, rain, rice, research, traffic, travel, vocabulary, work,homework,time,information,
jewelry, soap, weather, fun, news,music,scenery, hair, population, beef, stone, advertising, food, salt
Determiners
Articles : a, an, the
Demonstratives : this, these, that, those
Possessives : my, our, your, their, his, her, its, RahimÕs etc.
Interrogatives : what, which, whose
Cardinal Numbers: one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten etc.
Ordinal Numbers: first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth etc.
General Ordinals : last, next, other, the other etc.
Quantifiers : all, another, both, any, no, some, each, every, either, neither, enough, several, (a) little,
much, many, (a) few, more, less, most, a good/great deal of, a large/ great amount of, a number of ,
numbers of , a lot of, a lots of, plenty of etc.
 Determiners with Countable and Uncountable noun
37. It is very difficult to find a − in this country at present. [BRDB Gi cjøx Dbœqb Kg©KZ©v-13]
A work B career C profession D job Ans: d
38. Choose the correct sentence. [COU (B) 09-10, NU (gvbweK) 19-11, PUST (B) 17-18]
A He bought some soaps yesterday. B He bought a bar of soa yesterday.
C He has bought a soap yesterday. D He bought a soap yesterday. Ans: b
39. This building is made of ⎯. [RU (B-Law) 12-13]
A bricks and cement B brick and cement C glasses and bricks D iron and glasses Ans: b
40. Choose the correct sentence. [PSC Gi mnKvix cwiPvjK-06, DU (C) 11-12]
A We have many works to do in summer B We have much works to do in summer
C We have a lot of work to do in summer D We have lot of works to do in summer
We have many a lot of works to do in summer Ans: c
41. Zvi †Kv‡bv eÜz †bB ej‡jB P‡j| [6ô cÖfvlK wbeÜb-10, 11Zg wkÿK wbeÜb (2)-14]
A He has a few friends. B He has no friends.
C He has few friends. D He has the few friends. Ans: c
42. ‘They have little money’ means − [CU (M) 03-04, JKKNIU (D) 18-19, BSMRSTU (E) 19-20]
A They have no money at all. B They have almost no money.
C They have yet some money D They have quite some money. Ans: b
43. He has few friends means he has − [CU (M) 05-06]
A no friend at all B almost no friends C some friends D a few friends Ans: b
44. ⎯ milk he gave me has been spilt. Choose the correct option. [CU (K) 08-09]
A few B a few C little D a little the little Ans:
45. There is − on the roads today. [DU (B) 05-06]
A few traffics B very much traffic C too much traffic D too many traffic Ans: c
46. Hybrids have one more ⎯ per plant than the other varieties. [wcÖwgqvi e¨vsK-03]
A corns B ear of corn C corn ears D com’s ears Ans: b
47. ⎯ in this display is on sale. [Kg©ms¯’vb I cÖwkÿY ey¨‡ivi Dc-cwiPvjK-07]
A Each furnitures B Each pieces of furniture
C Each piece of furniture D Each furniture Ans: c
48. Identify the determiner in the sentence: ‘I have no news for you.’ [40th BCS]
A have B news C no D for Ans: c
49. Which word is the determiner in the sentence ‘Will it take much time?’ [35th BCS, IU (C, H) 15-16]
A will B take C much D time Ans: c
50. − amazing song haunted me for a long time. [35th BCS, JKKNIU (N) 16-17]
A These B Those C Thus D That Ans: d
51. The ⎯ of the office will be sold. [DU (D) 02-03]
A furniture B the furnitures C piece of furniture D pieces of furnitures Ans: a
52. Nasrin is an interior decorator, designs⎯ [DU (D) 00-01]
A furniture B the furniture C furniture’s D some furniture Ans: a
53. There is ⎯ water/milk in the glass. [RU (F-AweRvb) 15-16, cÖv_wgK mnKvix wkÿK (1g ch©vq)-19]
A a little B a big amount C much D small Ans: a
54. Tamara speaks very − Russian, but she knows − words. [IU (B) 11-12]
A little, a little B little, a few C few, little D a few, few Ans: b
55. I have got ⎯ friends, so I am not lonely. [CU (B) 11-12]
A a little B little C few D fewer a few Ans:
56. Fill in the blank with the correct quantifier. I still have − money in my pocket.
 [moK I Rbc_ Awa`߇ii DcmnKvix cÖ‡KŠkjx (wmwfj)-03]
Aalittle B many C few D a few Ans: a
57. The word ‘little’ in the swentence ‘There is little hope in this case’ means⎯
[mnKvix cwievi cwiKíbv Awdmvi-16]
A there is some hope B there is ample hope
C there is no hope D none of the above Ans: c
58. A lot of food was prepared, but hardly any of it was eaten.
A little B a little C few D a few Ans: a
59. He has hardly any money on him. Underlined word means − [JnU (D) 12-13]
A very little B Nothing C few D enough Ans: a
60. There is − hope of her recovery. [RU (D) 18-19]
A many B little C very D few Ans: b
61. Few men are free from faults. Here ‘few’ means⎯. [evsjv‡`k †U·UvBj wek¦we`¨vjq 15-16]
A some B not much C hardly any D None Ans: c
62. We should use ⎯ time we have in our hands to complete our preparation.[CU (B7) 14-15]
[CU (C1) 12-13]
A the little B the little of C the few D few little Ans: a
63. Do you have − to do this afternoon? If not, I’d like to take you to a movie. [DU C 06-07]
A many works B much work C many work D much work Ans: b
64. I did not have − luggage, just two small bags. [CU (B) 09-10]
A little B a little C much D many few Ans: c
65. How − money do you have in your pocket? [evsjv‡`k nvDR wewìs wdb¨vÝ K‡c©v‡ikb (wmwbqi Awdmvi)-11]
A many B few C much D some a few Ans: c
66. I don’t have − spare time these days. [DU (B) 01-02]
A many B much C some D more Ans: b
67. I don’t take − tea. [KU (RxeweÁvb ¯‹zj) 11-12, evsjv‡`k †gwib GKv‡Wwg 15-19]
A much B many C too many D more Ans: a
68. − thanks go to you for your generous help.[NU (gvbweK) 12-13, JU (C) 16-17]
[JKKNIU (D) 18-19]
A Little BA
little C Many D Much Ans: c
69. There are too many − during television shows. [PSTU (BBA) 06-07, BSMRSTU (B) 16-17]
A advertising B advertisement C advertisings D advertisements Ans: d
70. They spent − time considering the new contract. [CU (L) 07-08, CVASU 14-15]
A too much B too many C too D many very Ans: a

PRONOUN
Concept & Sequence of Pronoun
1.A word that takes the place of a noun is called- [c~evjx e¨vsK-00, ciivóª gš¿Yvj‡qi mycvwib‡W›U-19]
a a subject b an adverb c an object d a pronoun Ans: d
2.A pronoun takes the place of a/an- [we Avi we wmwbqi Awdmvi-98]
a antecedent b verb c noun d subject Ans: c
3.A substituting word is called a - [RU (mgvRweÁvb) 09-10]
a noun b pronoun c verb d adjective Ans: b
[Link] the correct sentence. [RU (mvgvwRK weÁvb) 08-09]
a I, you and Rahim have passed. b I, Rahim and you have passed.
c Rahim, I and you have passed. d You, Rahim and I have passed. Ans: d
[Link] one of the following sentences is correct? [DU 99-00, BRUR (C) 10-11, IU (G) 13-14]
a Selim, you and I shall be punished. b I, you and Selim shall be punished.
 cYou, me and Selim shall be punished. d You, Selim and I shall be punished. Ans: d
6. Which of the following sentences is correct? [RU (E, †Rvo), 14-15]
a He and I am well. b He and I is well. c He and I are well. d He and I was well. Ans: c
[Link] the correct sentence. [cyevjx e¨vsK Rywbqi Awdmvi-00]
a He, you and I are to blame. b He, you and I am to blame.
c You, he and I are to blame. d I, you and he are to blame. Ans: d
Personal Pronoun
Subjective/Nominative Objective form Possessive Adjective Possessive Pronoun
I Me my mine
We Us our ours
You, you, Your, yours,
He/She him/her his/her his/hers
They Them their theirs
It It its theirs
Subjective Pronoun
[Link] the right pronoun in the blank. − boys want to hit it big. [NU (weÁvb) 14-15]
a Them b We c Us d Theirs Ans: b
9. I wish I were −. [Kviv ZË¡veavqK, ¯^ivóª gš¿Yvjq-10, cÖevmx Kj¨vY e¨vsK Gw·wKDwUf Awdmvi-17]
a him b his c he d himself Ans: c
[Link] Jane nor − have been to the opera. [mv‡K©j A¨vWRy‡U›U-15]
a me bI c he d him Ans: b
[Link] is right? [Z_¨ gš¿Yvj‡qi Aax‡b mnKvix cwiPvjK-04, cÖv_wgK mnKvix wkÿK (wm‡jU wefvM)-07]
a He and myself went out b Myself and he went out
c I and he went out d He and I went out Ans: d
Objective Pronoun :
[Link] the correct sentence. [12th BCS, RU (BwZnvm) 06-07, †Uwj‡hvMv‡hvM gš¿Yvj‡qi mnKvix cwiPvjK (AvBb) 13, IU (B)
10-11, (G) 14-15, 15-16, KU (S) 15-16]
Let he and you be witness.
a b Let you and him be witness.
Let you and he be witness.
c d Let him and you be witness. Ans: b
15. Choose the correct sentence.
[AMÖYx e¨vsK wj. wmwbqi Awdmvi-17, †mvbvjx e¨vsK wj. Awdmvi-17, mvDw`÷ e¨vsK wj. cÖ‡ekbvix Awdmvi-16]
a Between you and I, I doubt that he will come.
b Between you and I, I doubt that he would come.
c Between you and me, I doubt that he will come.
d Between you and me, I doubt that he would come. Ans: c
16. There is really no/too difference between you and − [DU (D) 10-11,/IU (H) 16-17]
aI b we c them d me Ans: d
17. The teacher told − to leave. [DU (B) 09-10, BSMRUST (D) 12-13]
a he and me b him and me c him and I d he and I Ans: b
18. Let − go there. [WvK, †Uwj‡hvMv‡hvM I Z_¨cÖhyw³ gš¿Yvj‡qi mnKvix †cÖvMÖvgvi-17]
a her and you b she and you c you and she d you and her Ans: d
Possessive Adjective :
19. When friends insist on − expensive gifts, it makes most people uncomfortable. [CU (M) 02-03, (D)
12-13]
a them to accept b their accepting c they accepting d they accept Ans: b
20. If you insist − you must pay my money. [COU (B) 07-08]
a on my coming b me to come c on me to come d so that I come Ans: a
21. My father never approved of − a foreigner. [mgvR‡mev Awdmvi (mgvRKj¨vY gš¿Yvjq)-10]
a her to marry b her marrying c she marrying d she not marry Ans: b
22. Choose the correct option: Take − time. [JnU (B) 06-07]
a you b your c you’re d yourself Ans: b
23. I really like the way that car looks, but − price is more than I can afford. [BUI N 13-14]
a its b it’s c it has d it Ans: a
Double Possessive :
24. You should not say nasty things about Jessica. She is a friend of −. [CU (E) 02-03]
a her b you c ours d me Ans: c
25. My dog is smarter than −. [DU (C) 15-16]
a their b theirs c your d her we Ans: b
26. Is that my key, or is it −. [CU (D) 06-07, NU (weÁvb) 14-15]
a the yours? b they your’s? c your? d yours Ans: d
Reflexive Pronoun :
27. I cut myself. Here ‘myself’ is a/am− [kÖg cwi`߇ii cwievi Kg©KZ©v-09, NSI-Gi mnKvix cwiPvjK-17]
a Pronoun b Adjective c Adverb d Reflexive pronoun Ans: d
28. Pinocchio is hungry and looks for an egg to cook − an omelet; but, to his surprise, the omelet
flies out of the window. [DU (B) 15-16]
a his own self b itself c oneself d himself Ans: d
29. I certainly esteem − as a steady, reasonable kind of person. [DU (A) 08-09]
a me b mine c my d myself Ans: d
30. Choose the correct sentence.
[Dc‡Rjv/_vbv wkÿv Awdmvi-04, †Uwj‡dvb †ev‡W©i mnKvix cwiPvjK-04, BSMRUST (F) 12-13, 14Zg cÖfvlK wbeÜb-17]
a I shall avail this opportunity. b I shall avail myself of this opportunity.
c I will avail this opportunity. d I would avail this opportunity. Ans: b
31. Control −, Sabah! Everything is fine, so don’t start crying. [DU (B) 14-15]
a yourself b you c me d herself Ans: a
32. He wanted nobody − to know − the treasure was hidden. [DU (B) 14-15]
a except him, what b but himself, where c else, which d and him, when Ans: b
33. A snake can eat and digest animals much larger than −. [DU (B) 13-14, JKKNIU D 18-19]
a it b itself c its d it has Ans: b
Relative Pronoun :
34. I know the girl who turned up this meeting. What type of pronoun is ‘who’ in this sentence?
[SUST 05-06]
a relative b reciprocal c reflexive d demonstrative Ans: a
35. It is I who am to blame. Name the pronoun f the underlined word−
[BRUR (C) 14-15, Zzjv Dbœqb Kg©KZ©v-97]
a Interrogative pronoun Demonstrative pronoun
b
c Relative pronoun Distributive pronoun Ans: c
d
36. ‘All that glitters is not gold.’ What kind of pronoun ‘that’ is in the sentence [KUET 12-13]
a Indefinite pronoun b Demonstrative pronoun
c Interrogative pronoun d Relative pronoun Ans: d
36. Select the correct sentence: [RU (B-Law) 12-13, 14-15, JnU (D) 12-13, PUST (C) 14-15, KU (B) 14-15]
a The man was tall who came to my office.
b The man came to my office who was tall.
c The man who came to my office was tall.
 dmy office who came was tall. Ans: c
37. Choose the correct sentence. [10th BCS, DU (D) 05-06, M„nvqb I MYc~Z© gš¿Yvj‡qi Avevmb cwi`߇ii mnKvix cwiPvjK-
06, RU (wnmveweÁvb) 05-06, 07-08, 09-10, IU (P) 10-11]
a The man that said that was a fool. b The man whom said that was a fool
c The man who said that was a fool. d The man which said was a fool. Ans: c
38. Choose the correct sentence. [JnU (D) 17-18]
a The boy was short who snatched my hand bag.
b The boy snatched my hand bag who was short.
c The boy who snatched my hand bag was short.
d The boy was short who was snatching my hand bag. Ans: c

Who/Whom/Who ever/whom ever:

39. You can discuss the issue with − you feel can solve your problem [COU (A) 14-15]
a who b whom c whoever d whomever Ans: c
40. Give the clothes to − needs them. [JnU (D) 06-07]
a who b whomever c whoever d whom Ans: c
41. Choose the correct option. [DU (B) 99-00, RU 04-05]
a Give the work to whichever looks idle. b Give the work to whom looks idle.
c Give the work to whomsoever looks idle. d Give the work to whoever looks idle. Ans: d
42. ‘I don’t like stories − have unhappy endings.’ [CU (A) 07-08, COU (A) 15-16]
a that b they c whom d who where Ans: a
43. The registered parcel − arrived for you is on the table. [DU (A) 13-14]
a who b whom c which d when Ans: c
44. Tell me − that. [24th BCS, RU (ivóªweÁvb) 07-08, (F-AweÁvb), 13-14, IU (G) 13-14, CU (A) 19-20]
a whom told you b that told you c who told you d told you Ans: c
45. The teachers − challenge us are the ones we remember. [JnU (D) 08-09]
a which b whose c whom d who Ans: d
46. I met a person − I never saw earlier. [iƒcvjx e¨vsK (Awdmvi)-10, evsjv‡`k RyU K‡c©v‡ik‡bi Awdmvi-17]
a who b that c which d whom whose Ans: d
47. Everyone knew the poet − the students had invited to speak at the literary club. [RU B 13-14]
a who b because c whom d since Ans: c
48. Life is a succession of lessons − must be lived to be understood. [DU (D) 07-08]
a then b which c those d these Ans: b
49. Humans are the only factors in the ecosystem − are responsible for the changes in the ecology.
[CU (F-2) 15-16]
a which b whom c who d what how Ans: a
50. I have read the book − you lent me. [25th BCS, SESIP Gi mnKvix cwi`k©K-19]
a that b whom c whose d what Ans: a
51. This is the house − I want to buy. [MYc~Z© Awa`߇ii wnmve mnKvix-16]
a this b whom c which d those Ans: c
52. My uncle has three sons. − work in the same office.
[wewUwfÕi cÖ‡hvRK (†MÖW-2) c‡` cixÿv-06, ¯^ivóª gš¿Yvjq (cÖkvmwbK Kg©KZ©v)-06]
a All of them b Who all c They all d all of whom Ans: a
53. My uncle has three sons, − work in the same office.[15th BCS, KU (mgvRcweÁvb ¯‹zj) 11-12, Dc‡Rjv gwnjv I
wkï welqK Kg©KZ©v-07, BRUR (F) 14-15, RU (AvBb) 03-04, (I, PviæKjv) 16-17]
a All of them b Who all c They all d all of whom Ans: d
54. Suzan has a lot of friends, − she was at school with. [JU (Bs‡iwR) 09-10]
a many of whom b many of them c much of whom d much of them Ans: a
55. Choose the correct sentence. [DU (C) 03-04]
a Jahir’s the guy who giving us a ride. b Jahir’s the guy he giving us a ride.
 c Jahir’s the guy whose giving us a ride. d Jahir’s the guy who’s giving us a ride.
Jahir the guy who giving us a ride. Ans: d
56. Salma could not tell − books were left on the table. [DU (A) 16-17]
a whose b who’s c who d who is Ans: a
57. Have you met the boy − father is a Major in the army. [JnU (D) 13-14]
a which b of which c of whom d whose Ans: d
58. The book − author won a Pulitzer has become a bestseller. [BU (N) 15-16]
a that b which c where d whose Ans: d
59. The teacher − student evaluations were high won an award. [JnU D 08-09, DU C 11-12]
a which b whose c whom d who Ans: b
60. I don’t know − dress it is. [IU (H) 17-18]
a what b who c who’s d whose Ans: d
61. − man is mortal is a universal truth. [DPE mnKvix jvB‡eªwiqvb Kvg K¨vUvjMvi Kvg wnmveiÿK-18]
a Which b That c What d This Ans:
Demostrative pronoun
This, these,that,it, so, such, the same, one one’s

Indefinite pronoun-one, no one, none, any, anybody, some, someone, somebody, everyone,
everybody,another,others,most,everything,something,nothing,manyall,few,little,much,many,more
etc…
None but Allah can help us- what kind of pronoun ‘none’ is- ?
Interrogative pronoun- who,which, whom,whose,what.
Whom did you meet yesterday? The word ‘whom’ is…… pronoun.
Distributive pronoun- each, either, neither ect..
Each of them was present. Here what type of pronoun ‘each’ is?
Reciprocal pronoun- each other, one another.
They two love each other, here ‘each other’ is- ?