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Abstract Algebra Course Work

The document contains a series of mathematical questions related to set theory, mappings, relations, congruences, and group theory. It includes tasks such as describing sets, proving laws for subsets, analyzing mappings for injectivity and surjectivity, and determining properties of relations. Additionally, it explores group properties and subgroup criteria.

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Bashir
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32 views3 pages

Abstract Algebra Course Work

The document contains a series of mathematical questions related to set theory, mappings, relations, congruences, and group theory. It includes tasks such as describing sets, proving laws for subsets, analyzing mappings for injectivity and surjectivity, and determining properties of relations. Additionally, it explores group properties and subgroup criteria.

Uploaded by

Bashir
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Question One

(a)(i). Describe in words the sets S= { x ∈ Z∨x ≤2 } and T ={ x ∈ Z ∨x ≤ 5 } (05 marks)

(ii). Is S ∩T finite? (05 marks)

(ii) Show that S ∪ T =Z (05 marks)

(b). You are given sets X ={ x , y , z , v , w , p } and Y = { t , v . y . r } . Find

(i). X ∪ Y (05 marks)

(ii). X ∩Y (05 marks)

Question Two

Prove the following laws for subsets of a set S

(a). ( A ∩ B ) ∩C=A ∩( B ∩C) (05 marks)

(b). ( A ∪ B ) ∪ C= A ∪ (B ∪ C ) (05 marks)

(c). A ∩ ( B ∪ C )= ( A ∩ B ) ∪( A ∩ C) (05 marks)

(d). A ∪ ( B∩ C )= ( A ∪ B ) ∩( A ∪ C ) (05 marks)

(e). Prove De-Morgan’s Law ( A ∪ B )c = Ac ∩B c (05 marks)

Question Three

(a). The mapping f : Z → Z is given by f ( x )=x 4−1

(i). What is the image of 2 under ? (05 marks)

(ii). What is the image of (Imf ) ? (05 marks)

(iii). Is f injective, surjective ? (05 marks)


(b). Show that the composition of surjective, injective and bijective mappings is respectively,
injective and bijective. (10 marks)

Question Four

(a). Determine whether the following relations, R on Z are reflexive, symmetric or transitive.
Which are equivalence relations?

(i). xRy means x + y ∈ Z ; x , y ∈ Z (05 marks)

y
(ii). xRy means x∣ y , that is is an integer x , y ∈ Z (05 marks)
x

(b). xRy mean x∧ y have a common ancestor. Is xRy an equivalence relation on the set of people
(10 marks)

2 2 2 2 n
(c). Prove by mathematical induction that 1 +2 +3 +…+n = ( n+1 ) ( 2 n+1 ) , n∈ N (05 marks)
6

Question Five

(a). Let m=5. Write down the five different congruence classes (modulo 5) (10 marks)
(b). Solve the following congruences for x ∈ Z
(i). 4 x ≡3 (mod 7) (05 marks)
(ii). 3 x+ 2≡ 0 (mod 4) (05 marks)
(c). Does the set of n∗n invertible matrices under binary operation matrix multiplication for a
group (05 marks)
Question Six

(a). Let S= { a , b } be a set with multiplication defined by a 2=a , b2=b , ab=ba=b . Is S a group
(05 marks)

(b). Is (G , X ) where G= {1 ,−1 } a group (10 marks)

(c). Give two examples of groups that you have so far encountered in this course that are abelian.
(05 marks)
Question Seven

(a). Show that the intersection of all subgroups of a group G is also a subgroup of G (10 marks)

(b). Let H m ={ x ∈ Z∧m∣x }. Show that H m is a subgroup of ¿ (10 marks)

(c). If H is a subgroup of K∧K ≤ G , prove that H ≤G (05 marks)

END

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