Science Unit 2 -Has the longest wavelength but

lowest frequency.
Lesson 1: Part of
Electromagnetic 2. Microwave:
Spectrum: -Is a part of radio wave but its
wavelength is shorter than radio
wave.

3. Infrared waves or heat

waves:
-Have shorter wavelength as
compared to the radio wave.
Crest:
9-Highest surface part of the wave.
4. Visible Light:
-Is the only band or part of the
Trough: Electromagnetic spectrum that can
-Lowest surface part of the wave. be seen by our eyes.

Wavelength: 5. Ultraviolet rays:

-The vertical distance between two -Are not visible to the human eye
or more successive crest and two but certain insects like bees and
or more successive troughs. butterflies can see this type of
wave.

Amplitude:
6. X-rays are waves:
-The height of the wave.
-That have enough energy to
penetrate tissues but can be easily
Explain: stopped by dense material like
bones.
Electromagnetic radiation:
-Is produced from the vibration of
electric charges in atoms. The 7. Gamma rays:
energy travels as a transverse -Are waves with the highest
wave that moves at the speed of frequency and they carry the most
light of 3.0 × 108 m/s. energy. Has the longest
wavelength but lowest frequency.

1. Radio wave:
Explain:
-Electromagnetic radiation is -Infrared waves or heat waves
produced from the vibration of have shorter wavelengths
electric charges in atoms. The compared to the radio waves. Their
energy travels as a transverse wavelengths measure 0.001m to
wave that travels at the speed of 700nm.
light of 3.0 x 108 m/s. The seven
types of electromagnetic radiation
are radio waves, microwaves, -Visible Light is the only band or
infrared rays, visible light, part of the electromagnetic
ultraviolet rays, X-rays and gamma spectrum that can be seen by our
rays. eyes. The wavelengths of the
visible light range from 700nm
-To further explain EM spectrum,
(red) to 400nm (violet).
we need to be guided by the
following concepts:
1. Each part of the EM -Ultraviolet rays are not visible to
spectrum has a specific the human eye but certain insects
wavelength and frequency. like bees, butterflies can see this
type of wave. UV rays have
2. Frequency is inversely
wavelengths from about 400nm to
proportional to the
10nm and have higher frequencies
wavelength.
compared to visible light. This
3. These waves have various means they can cause more
applications in our daily lives. damage to human cells.

The following are the different -X-rays are waves that have
bands in the EM Spectrum. enough energy to penetrate tissues
but can easily be stopped by dense
material like bones. They have
wavelengths ranging from 10nm to
0.001nm.

-Gamma rays are the waves that

have the shortest wavelengths that
measure from one trillionth of a
meter to 10-12meter. This means
they have the highest frequencies.
Thus, gamma rays carry the most
energy.

-Radio waves have the longest

wavelengths but lowest
frequencies; their wavelengths
range from 1000s of a meter to
0.001m.

-Microwaves are a part of radio

waves but their wavelengths are
shorter than radio waves.
 EM Wave: Ultraviolet

Science Unit 2 Applications:

■ sterilization of water
Lesson 2:
■ identifying original bank
Applications of EM notes
Spectrum: ■ tanning machine
■ disinfect medical equipment

EM Wave: X-ray
Application:
■ X-ray machine

EM Wave: Gamma Wave

EM Wave: Radio wave Application:
Applications: ■ Used to kill cancer cells
■ radar
■ radio broadcasting
■ television

EM Wave: Microwave
Applications:
■ microwave oven
■ satellite
■ cell phone

EM Wave: Infrared
Applications:
■ night vision cameras
■ car-locking system
■ remote control
■ airport temperature scanner

EM Wave: Visible Light

Applications:
■ enables us to see
■ photosynthesis
Science Unit 2 Reflection:
-Is the bouncing back of a wave. It
Lesson 3: involves the change in direction of
Reflection of Light: a light ray when it hits a smooth
and shiny surface such as a mirror,
Explain: stainless steel, or clear and still
water.
Reflection:
-The best example of reflection can
-It is the bouncing back of a wave
be seen using a mirror. We see
when it encounters a boundary.
ourselves in a mirror because the
light coming from us bounces on
the shiny surface of the mirror back
Law of Reflection:
to our eyes.
-The angle of incidence (θi) is equal
to the angle of reflection (θr).
Law of Reflection:
-The angle of incidence is equal to
the angle of reflection.

Spherical Mirrors:
Concave Mirror:
Concave Mirror:
-Is a type of mirror that bulges
-Is a type of mirror that bulges outwards. This type of mirror
outside. This type of mirror usually usually produces larger images and
produces larger images and is used is used in cosmetics and dentistry.
in cosmetics and dentistry.
Images Formed in a Concave
Mirror:
Convex Mirror:
-Is a type of spherical mirror that
bulges inward. This type of mirror
usually produces small images and
are widely used in side mirrors,
supermarket, and traffic mirrors.

Description of Image formed in

a Concave Mirror:

Description of Image formed in

a Convex Mirror:

Convex Mirror:
Explain:
-Is a type of spherical mirror that
bulges inward. This type of mirror
usually produces small images and
is widely used in side mirrors,
supermarkets, and traffic mirrors.
Images formed in a Convex
Mirror:

Mirror Equation:
-For the mirror equation, you need
to identify the object's distance
from the mirror, image distance,
and the focal length of the mirror.
-If those are not available, you can
also solve using the height of the
image or the height of the object
given or by the magnification of the
mirror.

Applications of Mirrors:
 Cosmetics
 Driving
 Entertainment
 Security
 Dentistry