Experimental
Qualitative Research
Research Methodology in Applied Sciences
Tools
Research
Tutorial 1
Introduction to SPSS
Interface of SPSS
• Two different views of SPSS interface
• Data view
• Variable view
2
Defining Variables and Inputting Data
• Defining variables
• Variable names
• Adding variable labels
• Adding value labels
3
Defining Variables and Inputting Data
• In a research study in a convenience store, the
following data are collected through a
questionnaire survey…
Product Purchased Satisfaction Level
Gender (1=Drinks; 2=Snacks; 5=strongly satisfied;
Age (1=Male; 2=Female) 3=Magazines) 1=strongly dissatisfied)
25 1 2 5
37 1 2 4
40 2 1 3
22 2 1 2
35 2 1 3
42 2 1 1
46 1 2 5
50 1 2 5
75 1 2 4
32 1 1 1
50 2 2 3
38 2 2 2
15 2 1 4
18 2 3 3
36 1 3 1 4
Defining Variables
• Open SPSS…
• Select “New Data Set”, then Click “OK”
• Click “Variable View” at the bottom left corner
• Defining each of the variables by inputting
• (1) Name (characters, e.g. ?, !, $, etc. can not
be used)
• (2) Label (the display name of the variable)
5
Defining Variables (con’t)
• Defining the variables by
inputting (con’t)
• (3) Values (the meaning of the
numeric values for the variable)
◗Input “Value” and “Labels”, e.g. 1
into “Value” and Male into
“Label”, then click “Add”
◗After adding all values, click “OK”
• (4) Measure
◗Select appropriate choice
比例/間隔 Scale = distance 數值e.g. age,income, marks
Nominal = classifications 分類
Ordinal = rank order 程度, 評級 6
Inputting Data
• Click “Data View” at the bottom left corner
• Input the data into the table
• Remember to save your data (File → Save → )
7
Running Tables
• Analyze → Tables → Custom Tables
→ Click “OK”
• Let’s try to have a table with…
• “Gender” as “Column”
• “Product Purchased” as “Row”
• by drag and drop the variables
into column / row
• Click “OK”
• The “Output” will show…
8
Data Input
1. Direct input into the SPSS program
(Refer to the questionnaire and try to input the
data into the file)
OR
2. Converting Excel file into SPSS file
9
Editing and Handling Data
• Spotting out missing value or funny values
• Sorting data (Data > Sort Cases)
• Frequency (Analyze > Descriptive Statistics >
Frequencies)
• Try to spot out the missing value(s) from
the file
10
Running Simple Charts
• Pie Chart
• Graphs → Legacy Dialogs
→ Pie…
• Select “Summary of
groups of cases” (default)
→ Click “define”
• Select “Gender” as “Define
Slices by:” → Click “OK”
• The “Output” will show…
11
Running Simple Charts
• Histogram
• Graphs → Legacy Dialogs
→ Histograms
• Select “Satisfaction” as
“Variable:” → Click OK
• The “Output” will show…
12
