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Catalyst

The document presents data on various catalysts used for CO2 hydrogenation to produce hydrocarbons, detailing their selectivity percentages and conversion rates under different conditions. It includes information on catalysts such as Fe3O4, Na/Fe-HZSM-5, and K-Fe/γ-Al2O3, along with their performance metrics like temperature, pressure, and space velocity. References to multiple studies are provided to support the findings and methodologies used in the research.

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Fadlillah Fani
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Topics covered

  • Performance Metrics,
  • Direct Conversion,
  • Chemical Engineering,
  • Pressure Optimization,
  • Metal Organic Frameworks,
  • Liquid Hydrocarbons,
  • Catalyst Stability,
  • Environmental Impact,
  • Hydrocarbon Classes,
  • Bifunctional Catalysts
11 views3 pages

Catalyst

The document presents data on various catalysts used for CO2 hydrogenation to produce hydrocarbons, detailing their selectivity percentages and conversion rates under different conditions. It includes information on catalysts such as Fe3O4, Na/Fe-HZSM-5, and K-Fe/γ-Al2O3, along with their performance metrics like temperature, pressure, and space velocity. References to multiple studies are provided to support the findings and methodologies used in the research.

Uploaded by

Fadlillah Fani
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Topics covered

  • Performance Metrics,
  • Direct Conversion,
  • Chemical Engineering,
  • Pressure Optimization,
  • Metal Organic Frameworks,
  • Liquid Hydrocarbons,
  • Catalyst Stability,
  • Environmental Impact,
  • Hydrocarbon Classes,
  • Bifunctional Catalysts

Hydrocarbon Selectivity (%) CO

Pressure Space CO2


Catalyst H2:CO2 Temperature (K) C5+ non- Selectivity Reference
(MPa) Velocity Conversion (%) CH4 C2=-C4= C20-C40 Aromatics
aromatics (%)
Fe, Na, Mn Fe3O4 3:1 613 1.0 4800 mL g-1 27.0 43.2 5.7 33.9 17.2 - 35.9 Xu et al [1]
h-1
Mn/Fe 3:1 613 1.0 4800 mL g-1 27.3 36.0 3.5 36.4 24.1 - 30.0
h-1
-1
Na/Fe 3:1 613 1.0 4800 mL g 33.0 20.7 24.4 4.2 50.7 - 20.9
h-1
Na/Fe 3:1 593 1.0 4800 mL g-1 29.9 13.2 22.7 4.4 59.7 - 24.7
h-1
Na/Fe 3:1 593 1.0 2400 mL g-1 29.5 13.0 24.4 4.6 58.0 - 19.6
h-1
Na/Fe-HZSM-5 3:1 593 1.0 4800 mL g— 26.2 17.7 8.2 20.3 4.4 49.4 33.9
1 -1
(Si/Al=12,5) h
—
Na/Fe-HZSM-5 3:1 613 1.0 4800 mL g 30.9 26.5 3.2 26.0 3.0 41.3 26.4
1 -1
(Si/Al=12,5) h (10 h) (10 h)
Na/Fe-HZSM-5 3:1 613 2.0 4800 mL g— 35.7 20.0 3.0 23.7 5.3 48.0 15.6
1 -1
(Si/Al=12,5) h
Na/Fe-HZSM-5 3:1 613 1.0 4800 mL g— 30.9 22.4 21.9 9.9 4.1 44.7 26.8
1 -1
(SiO2-coated) h (10 h) (10 h)
MFI, K, Si/Al K-Fe/γ-Al2O3 3:1 673 3.0 4700 mL 51.7 24.2 30.7 4.9 40.2 - 12.1 Murciano et
gcat-1h-1 al [2]
K-Fe/γ-Al2O3 - MFI- 3:1 673 3.0 4700 mL 51.2 20.6 5.0 25.2 49.2c 66.4 11.7
c (Si/Al = 10) gcat-1h-1
K-Fe/γ-Al2O3 - MFI- 3:1 673 3.0 4700 mL 51.9 21.7 5.0 25.0 48.3c 59.0 11.6
c (Si/Al = 16) gcat-1h-1
K-Fe/γ-Al2O3 - MFI- 3:1 673 3.0 4700 mL 52.9 20.5 7.5 18.7 53.3c 57.1 10.5
c (Si/Al = 22) gcat-1h-1
c
K-Fe/γ-Al2O3 - MFI- 3:1 673 3.0 4700 mL 53.4 20.2 8.4 21.0 50.4 53.5 11.0
c (Si/Al = 31) gcat-1h-1
K-Fe/γ-Al2O3 - MFI- 3:1 673 3.0 4700 mL 54.0 21.9 35.6 6.3 36.2c 16.1 10.4
c (Si/Al = 112) gcat-1h-1
K-Fe/γ-Al2O3 - MFI- 3:1 673 3.0 4700 mL 52.6 21.0 12.4 17.8 48.8c 52.3 10.3
sil (Si/Al = 34) gcat-1h-1
c
K-Fe/γ-Al2O3 - MFI- 3:1 673 3.0 4700 mL 51.1 22.0 25.6 8.5 43.9 30.2 11.2
nano (Si/Al = 46) gcat-1h-1
K-Fe/γ-Al2O3 - MFI- 3:1 673 3.0 4700 mL 53.4 21.1 12.1 17.2 49.6c 49.6 10.1
meso (Si/Al = 22) gcat-1h-1
K Fe-Cu-Al 3:1 593 3.0 4000 mL ~ 32 29.3 1.7 55.5 12.6 - ~5 Zhang et
gcat-1h-1 al [3]
K/Fe-Cu-Al 3:1 593 3.0 4000 mL ~ 47 11.7 21.8 6.4 60.1c ~ 2.0 ~6
gcat-1h-1
c
K/Fe-Cu-Al-HZSM- 3:1 593 3.0 4000 mL ~ 45 ~ 11 7.0 10.3 71.4 20.3 ~6
5 (Si/Al = 400) gcat-1h-1
K/Fe-Cu-Al-HZSM- 3:1 593 3.0 4000 mL ~ 44 ~ 13 1.1 29.5 56.3c 30.6 ~6
5 (Si/Al = 25) gcat-1h-1
Na Cu 3-NFC-5/HZSM-5 3:1 593 3.0 1500 mL 42.11 8.00a 10.72ab 19.88a 50.68a 10.72 Chen et al [4]
(Na and Cu doped gcat-1h-1
MIL-101(Fe))
IM NaFe@C-HZSM-5 3:1 573 3.0 4000 mL 40.7 11.6 32.1b 56.3c 39.8 7.3 Amoo et
(dual bed) gcat-1h-1
al [5]
NaFe@C-HZSM-5 3:1 573 3.0 4000 mL 34.5 11.1 29.6b 59.3c 40.6 12.9
(granule mixing) gcat-1h-1
Organosilicon, Na NaFeMn-HZSM-5 3:1 593 3.0 3000 mL 42.0 7.0 ~13 ~20 ~60 10.0 Song et al [6]
Mn gcat-1h-1
NaFeMN-HZSM-5 3:1 593 3.0 3000 mL ~42 ~7 ~1 ~8 ~12 72.0 ~10
(with organosilicon) gcat-1h-1 (24 h) (24 h) (24 h)
b
K 5K-CoFeOx(1:5)/ 73:24 593 3.0 2000 mL 53.0 9.1 ~35 ~20 ~36 3.8 Qin et al [7]
HZSM-5-Si gcat-1h-1
Cu CuFe/CZ5-0.6-61.0 73:24 613 3.0 67 mL min-1 ~43.8 9.7 ~21.9 ~36.6 31.5 ~16.2 Xu et al [8]
Fe2O3@KO2 3:1 648 3.0 10000 mL 47.0 ~20 38.0 9.0d 30.0e ~4 17.0 Ramirez et
gcat-1h-1 al [9]
d e
Fe2O3@KO2/HZSM- 3:1 648 3.0 10000 mL ~46.1 ~17.8 ~10.0 ~33.3 ~14.4 ~24.5 ~15.1
5 gcat-1h-1
Zn Na Zn-Fe 3:1 613 2.5 15000 mL 23 47 4.1 39 10.2 - 17 Zhang et al,
gcat-1h-1 2022
Na-Fe 3:1 613 2.5 15000 mL 31 13 40 4.2 42.8 - 20
gcat-1h-1
Na-Zn-Fe 3:1 613 2.5 15000 mL 39 12 43 4.7 40.5 - 14
gcat-1h-1
-1
NaK Fe-Cu-Co-Al 3:1 573 2.0 3000 h 35.02 26.13 20.98 44.5 5.83 - 2.56a Zheng et al.,
(FCCA) 2021
K- FCCA 3:1 573 2.0 3000 h-1 46.22 17 25.51 33.67 20.93 - 2.89a
Na-K-FCCA 3:1 573 2.0 3000 h-1 52.87 8.01 32.14 39.98 17.58 - 2.29a
Na Zn Fe@SiO2 3:1 573 2.5 1500 mL 52.17 83.06 5.93 5.59 5.45 - N/A Ni et al.,
gcat-1h-1 2023
FeZn@SiO2 3:1 573 2.5 1500 mL 53.78 64.32 1.54 30.87 3.29 - N/A
gcat-1h-1
FeNa@SiO2 3:1 573 2.5 1500 mL 52.26 66.56 6.48 20.23 8.33 - N/A
gcat-1h-1
FeZnNa@SiO2 3:1 573 2.5 1500 mL 58.32 18.30 40.40 9.60 31.69 - N/A
gcat-1h-1
a
CO is considered when calculating hydrocarbon selectivity
b
Including C2-4 olefins
c
Including aromatics
d
C2-C9 parrafins
e
C5-C9 olefins

[1] Y. Xu et al., “Selective production of aromatics from CO 2,” Catal Sci Technol, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 593–610, 2019,
doi: 10.1039/c8cy02024h.

[2]R. Murciano, J. M. Serra, and A. Martínez, “Direct hydrogenation of CO2 to aromatics via Fischer-Tropsch route over
tandem K-Fe/Al2O3+H-ZSM-5 catalysts: Influence of zeolite properties,” Catal Today, vol. 427, Feb. 2024, doi:
10.1016/j.cattod.2023.114404.

[3] C. Zhang et al., “Direct hydrogenation of CO2 into valuable aromatics over K/Fe-Cu-Al @HZSM-5 tandem
catalysts: Effects of zeolite surface acidity on aromatics formation,” Fuel Processing Technology, vol. 248, Sep.
2023, doi: 10.1016/j.fuproc.2023.107824.

[4] C. Chen et al., “Insight into the synergistic effect of copper and sodium over metal organic framework-derived
Fe-based catalyst for CO2 hydrogenation to aromatics,” Appl Catal B, vol. 341, Feb. 2024, doi:
10.1016/j.apcatb.2023.123330.

[5] C. C. Amoo, J. I. Orege, Q. Ge, and J. Sun, “Translating clean liquid fuels synthesis with low aromatics over
NaFe@C/HZSM-22 directly in CO2 hydrogenation,” Appl Catal B, vol. 340, Jan. 2024, doi:
10.1016/j.apcatb.2023.123193.

[6] G. Song, Q. Jiang, Y. Zhai, and D. Liu, “Rationally designing NaFeMn/core–shell HZSM-5@Si bifunctional catalyst
for selective synthesis of para-Xylene from CO2 hydrogenation,” Chem Eng Sci, vol. 280, Oct. 2023, doi:
10.1016/j.ces.2023.119037.

[7] K. Qin et al., “Direct conversion of carbon dioxide to liquid hydrocarbons over K-modified CoFeOx/zeolite
multifunctional catalysts,” Journal of CO2 Utilization, vol. 65, Nov. 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.jcou.2022.102208.

[8] X. L. Xu, C. Y. Wen, K. Jin, Y. Q. Lin, L. L. Ma, and C. G. Wang, “Chain-like ZSM-5 zeolite coupled with Cu-Fe3O4 for
CO2 hydrogenation to light aromatics,” Ranliao Huaxue Xuebao/Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology, vol.
50, no. 9, pp. 1183–1190, Sep. 2022, doi: 10.1016/S1872-5813(22)60017-3.

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