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C Programming Notes

The document provides an overview of fundamental concepts in C programming, including the character set, identifiers, keywords, data types, constants, qualifiers, escape sequences, arithmetic expressions, preprocessor directives, header files, symbolic constants, comments, and the sizeof operator. It also outlines the steps involved in the translation of a C program. These concepts are essential for understanding and writing C code.

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14 views2 pages

C Programming Notes

The document provides an overview of fundamental concepts in C programming, including the character set, identifiers, keywords, data types, constants, qualifiers, escape sequences, arithmetic expressions, preprocessor directives, header files, symbolic constants, comments, and the sizeof operator. It also outlines the steps involved in the translation of a C program. These concepts are essential for understanding and writing C code.

Uploaded by

sahusukadev22
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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C Programming Notes

C Character Set
The C character set includes letters (A-Z, a-z), digits (0-9), special symbols (+, -, *, /, etc.),
and white spaces.

Identifiers and Keywords under ANSI C


Identifiers are user-defined names for variables, functions, and arrays. Keywords are
reserved words predefined by C such as int, float, return, if, etc.

Data Types
C has various data types including int, float, double, and char.

Constants
Constants in C include integer constants (10, 20), floating constants (10.5, 20.3), character
constants ('A', 'B'), and string constants ("Hello").

Qualifiers: long, short, unsigned, and signed


Qualifiers modify the range of data types. Example: short int, long int, unsigned int.

Escape Sequences
Escape sequences represent special characters in strings. Example: \n (new line), \t (tab), \
b (backspace).

Arithmetic Expressions and Operators


C provides various operators such as + (addition), - (subtraction), * (multiplication), /
(division), and % (modulus).

Preprocessor Directives
Preprocessor directives are instructions processed before compilation, such as #include
and #define.

Concept of Header Files


Header files contain function prototypes and macro definitions. Example: stdio.h, math.h.

Symbolic Constants
Defined using #define or the const keyword. Example: #define PI 3.14.

Comments
Comments help in code documentation. Single-line comments use // and multi-line
comments use /* */.
sizeof Operator
The sizeof operator returns the memory size of a data type or variable. Example: sizeof(int)
returns 4 on a 32-bit system.

Steps in Translation of a C Program


The process includes preprocessing, compilation, assembly, linking, and execution.

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