COLLEGE OF IOT
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE
COURCE TITTLE: -COMPUTER GRAPHICS
GROUP ASSIGNMENT
NO NAME ID NO
1 FIRAOL BEKELE R/1300/14
2 TOFIK LULU R/3070/14
3 BEREKET MISGANAW R/0817/14
4 AHMED ABAMECHA R/0301/13
5 HERMELA YOHANNES R/3891/14
6 FASIKA FISSEHA R/3382/14
7 ISRAEL DEREJE R/3965/14
8 TAMRAT DEMSIS R/3000/14
9 ABDUHAKIM JEMAL R/3462/14
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1. Animated circle
1.1. Introduction
This project shows how to draw animated circle using OpenGL graphics library
that run in c++ programming language. Additional to core library OpenGL we use
extra library called GL Utilities Toolkit(glut).
In this project after drawing the circle the circle animated in two ways. First when
program run for the first time the circle “pop-up” (scale from small to big) this is
called scale transformation. Then the circle translates back and forth between two
positions, we use simple animation loop for this.
1.2. Steps
I. Include required headers
#ifdef __APPLE__
#include <GLUT/glut.h>
#else
#include <windows.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <GL/glut.h>
#endif
#include <stdlib.h>
II. Define Global Variable
float scaleFactor = 0.5; // Initial scale
factor
float translationX = 0.0; // Initial X
translation
float translationSpeed = 0.005; // Speed of
translation
III. Calculate Plotting Points Using Polar Coordinates
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void DrawCircle(float cx, float cy, float r, int
num_segments) {
glBegin(GL_TRIANGLE_FAN);
for (int ii = 0; ii < num_segments; ++ii) {
float theta = 2.0f * 3.1415926f * float(ii) /
float(num_segments);
float x = r * cosf(theta);
float y = r * sinf(theta);
glVertex2f(x + cx, y + cy);
}
glEnd();
}
Code Description:
This code calculate plotting points by using (cx, cy) center of circle and theta that
increase its value until the number of segments defined later reached. It uses polar
coordinate formula to make this happen.
IV. Define state variables
void myInit(void) {
glClearColor(1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 0.0); // white
background
glColor3f(0.3,1,0.5); // green foreground
glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
glLoadIdentity ();
glOrtho(0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 1.0, -1.0, 1.0);
}
V. Draw the Circle
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Void display(void){
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
glPushMatrix();
glTranslatef(translationX, 0.0, 0.0); // Apply X
translation
glScalef(scaleFactor, scaleFactor, 1.0); // Apply
scale transformation
DrawCircle(0.5, 0.5, 0.2, 100); // Adjust the
parameters as needed
glPopMatrix();
glFlush(); // send all output to the display
}
VI. Set Timer
We need timer for both animations
void Timer(int value) {
translationX += translationSpeed;
if (scaleFactor < 1.0) {
scaleFactor += 0.01; // Increment scale factor
}
if (translationX > 0.2 || translationX < -0.2) {
translationSpeed *= -1.0; // Reverse direction
}
glutPostRedisplay(); // Redraw the scene
glutTimerFunc(16, Timer, 0); // Call Timer function
after 16 ms
}
VII. Initiate glut, create window and display circle created above on window
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int main (int argc, char *argv[])
{
glutInit(&argc, argv); // initialise the glut library
glutInitWindowSize(500,500); // set size of the window
glutInitWindowPosition(100,100); // position of window
glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_SINGLE | GLUT_RGB);
glutCreateWindow("Animated CIRCLE");
glutDisplayFunc(display); // set display callback
myInit(); // perform other initialisation
glutTimerFunc(0, Timer, 0); // Start the animation timer
glutMainLoop(); // enter the GL event loop
return EXIT_SUCCESS;
1.3. Final code
#ifdef __APPLE__
#include <GLUT/glut.h>
#else
#include <windows.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <GL/glut.h>
#endif
#include <stdlib.h>
float scaleFactor = 0.5; // Initial scale factor
float translationX = 0.0; // Initial X translation
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float translationSpeed = 0.005; // Speed of translation
void DrawCircle(float cx, float cy, float r, int num_segments) {
glBegin(GL_TRIANGLE_FAN);
for (int ii = 0; ii < num_segments; ++ii) {
float theta = 2.0f * 3.1415926f * float(ii) / float(num_segments);
float x = r * cosf(theta);
float y = r * sinf(theta);
glVertex2f(x + cx, y + cy);
}
glEnd();
}
void myInit(void) {
glClearColor(1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 0.0); // white background
glColor3f(0.3,1,0.5); // green foreground
// establish a coordinate system for the image
glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
glLoadIdentity ();
glOrtho(0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 1.0, -1.0, 1.0);
}
/* GLUT display callback handler */
void display(void)
{
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
glPushMatrix();
glTranslatef(translationX, 0.0, 0.0); // Apply X translation
glScalef(scaleFactor, scaleFactor, 1.0); // Apply scale transformation
DrawCircle(0.5, 0.5, 0.2, 100); // Adjust the parameters as needed
glPopMatrix();
glFlush(); // send all output to the display
}
void Timer(int value) {
translationX += translationSpeed;
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if (scaleFactor < 1.0) {
scaleFactor += 0.01; // Increment scale factor
}
if (translationX > 0.2 || translationX < -0.2) {
translationSpeed *= -1.0; // Reverse direction
}
glutPostRedisplay(); // Redraw the scene
glutTimerFunc(16, Timer, 0); // Call Timer function after 16 ms
}
/* Program entry point */
int main (int argc, char *argv[])
{
glutInit(&argc, argv); // initialise the glut library
glutInitWindowSize(500,500); // set size of the window
glutInitWindowPosition(100,100); // position of window
glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_SINGLE | GLUT_RGB);
glutCreateWindow("Animated CIRCLE");
glutDisplayFunc(display); // set display callback
myInit(); // perform other initialisation
glutTimerFunc(0, Timer, 0); // Start the animation timer
glutMainLoop(); // enter the GL event loop
return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}
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