MODULE 5
Lesson 1: Information Age
Robert Kahn and Vinton Cerf developed TCP/IP
Emerging Fields
➢ Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning, Robotics, Cloud and Edge Computing,
Automation, Blockchain, Outsourcing, Software Development, and Communications and
Networking
Present challenges
➢ data privacy concerns
➢ ethical considerations
➢ risk of misinformation.
HOW DO WE MAINTAIN CREDIBILITY AND INTEGRITY?
➢ Ethical data management
➢ Proper citation
Johannes Gutenberg invented hand mold printing press
❖ Other Inventions
➢ Harvard Mark I – a general-purpose electromechanical computer
➢ Bombe – an electromechanical machine that allowed the British to decode German
Enigma transmissions.
➢ Turing Machine – it can solve any problem using simple instructions encoded on a paper
tape.
➢ Personal Computers – Apple 1 by Steve Wozniak and Steve Jobs and the latest Apple PC
Cyber bullying
How to spot fakenews
1. Vet the publisher’s credibility
2. Pay attention to quality and timeliness.
3. Check the sources and citations.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
➢ Machine Learning
➢ Deep Learning
➢ Natural Language Processing
➢ Computer Vision
➢ Robotics
APPLICATION OF AI
➢ Health Care – disease diagnosis, robotics surgeries and virtual health assistant
➢ Learning – Personalized Learning, automated grading and AI tutor
➢ Finance – fraud detection, algorithmic trading and chatbots for customer service
➢ Transportation – autonomous vehicle, traffic management and ride-sharing algorithm
➢ Entertainment – content recommendations, AI-generated music and deepfake technology
➢ E-commerce – personalized recommendations, Ai-powered chat support and inventory
management
These are the AI tools that are widely used today.
• Chatbots: ChatGPT, Claude, Google Gemini
• Grammar and Writing Improvement: Grammarly, Wordtune, ProWritingAid
• Search Engines: Perplexity, ChatGPT Search, Google AI Overviews
• Video Generation and Editing: Synthesia, Descript, Runway
• Content Writing: Jasper, Sudowrite, [Link]
• Social Media Management: FeedHive, Vista Social, Buffer
• Image Generation: Midjourney, DALL·E 3, Adobe Firefly
• Graphic Design: [Link], Canva, Khroma
• Development: aiXcoder, TabNine, GitHub Copilot
• Project Management: ClickUp, Asana, Taskade
• Job Search & Recruitment: Paradox, Textio, Eightfold
• Presentations: SlidesAI, Canva: AI Slide Creator, [Link]
• Resume Builders: Teal, Enhancv, Kickresume
• Voice & Music Generation: ElevenLabs, Speechify, Suno
• App Builders: Softr, Google AppSheet, Quickbase
• Transcription and Meeting Assistants: tl;dv, Nyota, Fireflies
• Scheduling: Reclaim, Clockwise, Motion
• Customer Service: Tidio AI, Hiver, Zendesk AI
• Knowledge Management: Notion AI Q&A, Mem, Guru
• Email: Hubspot Email Writer, SaneBox, Shortwave
Type of prompts
• Informational
• Instructional
• Creatively
• Conversational
• Problem-solving
• Opinion based
• Educational
Evaluative Criteria
❖ Accuracy of Information
❖ Relevance
❖ Quality
Benefits of AI
➢ Increased efficiency and automation.
➢ Improved decision-making with data-driven insights.
➢ Enhanced user experiences in digital services.
Challenges and Ethical Considerations
❖ Impact on Employment – as experts warn that increasingly sophisticated machines could replace
human roles across industries. Sectors reliant on manual labor, such as manufacturing and
agriculture, are particularly vulnerable to significant workforce disruptions due to the growing
capabilities of AI systems.
❖ Privacy Concerns – AI’s capacity to collect and analyze vast personal data risks eroding privacy,
enabling discrimination through biased algorithms, necessitating stronger data protection laws and
transparency.
❖ Existential Risks – Speculative but catastrophic scenarios of AI surpassing human intelligence
(e.g., self-aware machines) demand safeguards like “friendly AI” and strict control mechanisms to
align with human values.
❖ Meaning of Life – AI challenges human identity and purpose, sparking debates over machine
rights and human relevance, requiring ethical frameworks to balance autonomy, purpose, and
societal benefits.
How to use AI ethically and effectively?
Ethical AI is not a constraint but a foundation for sustainable innovation. By embedding transparency,
fairness, and accountability into AI systems, organizations can unlock transformative benefits while
safeguarding human rights and societal values.
Writing a effective prompt
1. Be specific
2. Provide contex
3. State the format
4. Define the tone and style
5. Include examples
6. Iterate and refine
7. Avoid assumption
8. Use role assignment
