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Homework 1.1 Solution

The document contains solutions to three fluid mechanics problems for an engineering course. Problem 1 calculates the pressure at point B in a monomeric system, Problem 2 determines the concrete force on forms and the force on a tie, and Problem 3 finds the required length of cylinders for a floating platform. Each problem includes relevant calculations and results.

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43 views4 pages

Homework 1.1 Solution

The document contains solutions to three fluid mechanics problems for an engineering course. Problem 1 calculates the pressure at point B in a monomeric system, Problem 2 determines the concrete force on forms and the force on a tie, and Problem 3 finds the required length of cylinders for a floating platform. Each problem includes relevant calculations and results.

Uploaded by

ka21050
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

ENGR 356 Fluids, Spring 24

Homework 1 - Solutions
Due: 24/2/2024, 11:59 pm.
Problem 1 [5 Marks]
For the monomeric system shown in the following figure, if the pressure at point A is 273 kPa
absolute. Find the pressure in the tank at point B. Water density is 998 kg/m3 and the atmospheric
pressure is 101 kPa.

𝑝𝐴 − 𝜌𝑤 𝑔(0.04) − 𝜌𝑜𝑖𝑙 𝑔(0.03) + 𝜌𝑜𝑖𝑙 𝑔(0.03) + 𝜌𝑜𝑖𝑙 𝑔(0.06) + 𝜌𝑙𝑖𝑞 𝑔(0.03) − 𝜌𝑙𝑖𝑞 𝑔(0.13) = 𝑝𝐵

(273,000 − 101,000) − (998)(9.81)(0.04) + (0.88 × 998)(9.81)(0.06) + (1.45 × 998)(9.81)(0.03)


− (1.45 × 998)(9.81)(0.13) = 𝑝𝐵

172,000 − 391.62 + 516.93 + 425.88 − 1845.48 = 𝑝𝐵

𝑝𝐵 = 170,705.71 𝑃𝑎
Problem 2 [5 Marks]
Wet concrete behaves as a liquid with a density of 2,300 kg/m3.
(a) Determine the concrete force exerted on each form in the following figure. The forms are
1 m into the paper.

ℎ 3
1. Find the centroid: 𝑦̅ = = 2 = 1.5 𝑚
2

2. Find fluid force: 𝐹𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑒 = 𝛾𝑦̅𝐴 = (2,300)(9.81)(1.5)(3 × 1) = 101,533.5 𝑁

𝑏ℎ3 1×33
3. Find the second moment: 𝐼 ̅ = = = 2.25 𝑚4
12 12

𝐼̅ 2.25
4. Find the center of pressure: 𝑦𝑐𝑝 = 𝑦̅ + 𝑦̅×𝐴 = 1.5 + 1.5(3×1) = 2 𝑚

(b) If the forms are held in place with ties, what force is exerted on the bottom tie?

𝐹𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑒 × 𝑦𝑐𝑝 = 𝐹𝑡𝑖𝑒 × 3

101,533.5 × 2 = 𝐹𝑡𝑖𝑒 × 3
𝐹𝑡𝑖𝑒 = 67,689 𝑁

Application
Problem 3 [5 Marks]
The floating platform shown in the following figure is supported at each corner by a hollow sealed
cylinder 1 m in diameter. The platform itself weighs 30,000 N in air, and each cylinder weighs
1,000 N per meter of length. What total cylinder length L is required for the platform to float 1 m
above the water surface? Assume that the density of sea water is 1,030 kg/m3. The platform is
square in plan view.

∑ 𝐹𝑦 = 0

𝑊𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑚 + 𝑊𝑐𝑦𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑟𝑠 − 𝐹𝑏 = 0

𝑊𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑚 + 𝑊𝑐𝑦𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑟𝑠 − 𝜌𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑔𝑉𝐷𝑖𝑠𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑑 = 0

𝐷2
𝑊𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑚 + 𝑊𝑐𝑦𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑟𝑠 − 𝜌𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑔(4 × 𝜋 × (𝐿 − 1) = 0
4

12
30,000 + 4 × 1,000𝐿 − (1,030)(9.81)(4 × 𝜋 × (𝐿 − 1)) = 0
4

30,000 + 4,000𝐿 − 31727.5𝐿 + 31727.5 = 0

61,727.5 − 27,727.5𝐿 = 0

𝐿 = 2.22 𝑚
Application

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