Shaping your Future
Facilities Design
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• The word ‘design’ comes from the French word meaning
to draw and can signify a ‘drawing that shows how
something is to be made’ (Hawkins 1988: 218).
• Design has also come to be understood as a
‘model, pilot, purpose, or plot’ (Oxford University
Press 1971: 698).
• A third meaning for this word is the general form
or arrangement, especially of a building.
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Design incorporates the planning, drawing and
arrangement of properties,
and the design process represents the
operationalization of a project from ideas to
drawings and reality.
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To provide a commercial design service
• The aim of the design process should be to maximize (the effective
use of) the capital investment and financial return of the owners.
• Find favor primarily with the end user, the hospitality customer, as customer acceptance
and repeat purchase behavior.
Designers and owners do not put their preferences
above the clients’!
However, their tastes and styles of working are usually evident in their work.
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The task is to establish a harmonious balance between:
• Image
• Style
• Operating efficiency
• Customer comfort
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The designer is responsible for:
• Space planning
• Form and color
• Finishes and durability
• Lighting, audio-visual and security systems
• Integrating information technology and
operating equipment
• Costs
• Any laws and regulations need to be respected
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Exterior design
✓ signs
✓ building form
✓ glazing and cladding
✓ entrances
✓ canopies
✓ outdoor activities
✓ terraces
✓ patios ➢ Offers the customer a first image
✓ landscaping
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Interior design
✓ the best use of the space available
• accommodation
• food and beverage areas
• reception areas
• leisure amenities
• storage
• services (for example, heating, air conditioning, gas, water, lighting, power, and communications)
✓ consideration of the circulation pattern of customers and staff
✓ no hazards that may affect the safety of the building or its occupants
The design considers appearance, practicality, cost, and safety.
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1. Floor Plan
2. Elevation Plan
3. Mechanical Plans: Electricity / Water supply /
HVAC / Fire Systems etc.
4. 3D Views
5. Detail View
6. Section Plan
7. Plot Plan
8. Master Plan
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1. Floor Plan
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2. Elevation Plan
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3. Mechanical Plans: Electricity
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3. Mechanical Plans: Water supply
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3. Mechanical Plans: HVAC
HVAC GUESTROOM FLOORPLAN
HVAC GUESTROOM 3D MODEL
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3. Mechanical Plans: HVAC
HVAC HOTEL 3D MODEL
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4. 3D Views
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5. Detail View
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6. Section Plan
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7. Plot Plan
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8. Master Plan
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1. BIM TOOLS (Building information modeling): REVIT, ARCHICAD
2. CAD TOOLS (Computer-aided design): AUTOCAD, SKETCHUP
3. VISUALIZATION AND RENDERING TOOLS: LUMION, VRAY
4. MECHANICAL, ELECTRICAL AND PLUMBING TOOLS: AUTOCAD MEP, REVIT MEP
5. ENERGY MODELING AND SIMULATION TOOLS: ENERGYPLUS, DESIGNBUILDER
6. FACILITY MANAGEMENT AND MAINTENANCE TOOLS: ARCHIBUS, PLANON
7. SUSTAINABILITY AND GREEN BUILDING TOOLS: LEED ONLINE, SEFAIRA
8. GUEST EXPERIENCE AND SMART BUILDING INTEGRATION TOOLS: KNX
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• Marketing. ➢ Appealing to the target market by projecting the desired image or
experience and providing the required price and quality
• Ambience. ➢ Creating an attractive internal environment and conditions that
support a suitable social atmosphere and service style
• Operations. ➢ Meeting the practical needs of serving guests efficiently and to
the required standard
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• Maintenance. ➢ Ensuring fabric and facilities can be maintained to suitable
standards easily and replacements are readily available (for
example avoid rare foreign carpets, ceramic tiles, or light
fittings)
• Capital costs. ➢ Matching the planned capital cost expenditure; will have been
based on the anticipated return on investment.
Balance the needs of customers, owners and operators
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• Company policy. Product type, brand and future development or asset management
strategy
• Concept. Objectives and market orientation
• Location. Type of premises, surroundings and constraints
• Function. Space usage, capacities and operational needs
• Aesthetics. Style, character and design features
• Budget. Investment criteria, payback, financing and resources.
• Business. Strategy: planned life cycle and future changes.
• Logistics. Critical dates, stages and contractors.
• Suggest one missing.
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Site or Property layout - spacing between buildings
Building layout - rooms or spaces inside the building
Equipment layout - layout of workspaces, kitchen, bathrooms
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Site or Property layout - spacing between buildings
https://cedreo.com/blog/residential-site-plan/
• A detailed plan of the site and the shape of the land will often control the positioning of buildings.
• The location of utilities (water, electricity, gas & sewage) will be considered.
• Any impacts like necessary drainage will also be included.
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Building layout - rooms or spaces inside the building
https://cedreo.com/blog/residential-site-plan/
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Equipment layout - layout of workspaces, kitchen, bathrooms
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Kitchen layout - The Island style:
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Kitchen layout - The Zone style:
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Kitchen layout - The Assembly line style:
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• Old buildings
❖ updating
❖ refurbishment
• New buildings
• Materials
❖ choice
❖ availability
• Construction effects
❖ insulation
❖ noise
• Maintenance issues
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Old buildings
❖ updating
❖ refurbishment
What are the common issues?
o Wall material
A common issue is putting double-glazing
o Wall thickness
windows into old buildings, and then
o Running pipes and cables
moisture-related issues start to surface –
humidity and mold because the older
Refurbishment: What treatment? windows allow more ventilation.
Paint? Plaster?
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New buildings
The design includes all the current services
This makes using all the services relatively
easy, and some updates, such as pulling
new cables, are not as time-consuming as
in old buildings.
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Materials
o Selection
o Availability: Local
o Ease of use
o Labor intensity
o Durability
o Reusable
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Construction effects: insulation, noise
Insulation
Heat transfer: Heat absorption, heat loss
• Insulation: Slows heat transfer
• Chalet renovation: Additional insulation (15 cm) was installed on the ground floor.
This increased the temperature by 4 °C.
Noise
Many buildings suffer from noise, either from internal or external sources.
• Renovation is a very complex issue.
Some causes can be mitigated through insulation during the design phase. Other
causes can be addressed by adapting interior fittings, such as curtains or carpets.
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Maintenance issues
• The structural integrity of a building influences its maintenance—
time required, expertise required, materials needed, etc.
• New buildings are often designed with future changes in mind, such
as cable trays that allow for the replacement of electrical cables.
• Older buildings often have very thick walls (some up to one meter
thick), making drilling a hole for a telephone in a room—a normally
simple task—very difficult.
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Maintenance costs staff:
How many hours does a full-time employee work per year?
Calculate an 8-hour day, a 5-day workweek, and 4 weeks of vacation per year.
Maintenance costs for equipment:
Equipment needs to be maintained based on usage. This means that the use of many devices
depends on occupancy.
In the event of a breakdown, technicians must be dispatched urgently, which is always more
expensive.
Planned versus unplanned breakdowns.
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Who provides building regulations?
USA: https://www.buildingsguide.com/build/building-codes-by-state/
UK: https://www.gov.uk/browse/housing-local-services/planning-permission-
regulations-information
CH: https://www.building-law.ch/building-procedure
SA: https://sbc.gov.sa/En/BuildingCode/Pages/GeneralFramwork.aspx
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Spacing needed:
This is only part of the detail; other dimensions are defined, such as seat height.
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Doors
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Doors
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Running costs affected by:
Design of Maintenance costs
o property o proactive maintenance
o buildings o reactive maintenance
o equipment
Who has to complete the maintenance?
o Some items can be done in-house
But others need licensed technicians:
In UK gas certification
and most countries lift maintenance…
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Outline some of the factors which
will affect future design trends
• 15mins
• Share in class
• Discussion
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The fact that the United Kingdom recorded its highest
temperature ever (over 38.7°C/101.7°F) on 19 July 2019
may not be confirmation that the global climate is changing.
However, it does have an impact on the UK hotel industry.
What impact could climate change have on the hotel industry?
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• in the past air conditioning was an option, now it is a basic requirement in hotel facilities
• climate change and the environment will inevitably impact on the design and cost
of hospitality property in many ways
➢ including the nature of the building shell
➢ the management of the internal environment
➢ the cost and availability of utilities
➢ consequently, the nature of operational services and facilities
• consumer demand for sustainable and environmentally considered products is growing
• growing national legislation in certain parts of the world, will eventually
impact our ability to travel
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