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Memory System Note Lecture

The document outlines three major memory stores: sensory memory, short-term/working memory, and long-term memory, each with distinct characteristics and functions. It details types of long-term memory, including explicit (semantic and episodic) and implicit (procedural and conditioning) memories. Additionally, it describes memory processes such as encoding, storage, and retrieval, along with reasons for forgetting, including decay, interference, and retrieval failure.

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31 views2 pages

Memory System Note Lecture

The document outlines three major memory stores: sensory memory, short-term/working memory, and long-term memory, each with distinct characteristics and functions. It details types of long-term memory, including explicit (semantic and episodic) and implicit (procedural and conditioning) memories. Additionally, it describes memory processes such as encoding, storage, and retrieval, along with reasons for forgetting, including decay, interference, and retrieval failure.

Uploaded by

Vaishali ‘s
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Memory Systems

Three Major Memory Stores


1. Sensory Memory
◦ Very brief storage (milliseconds to seconds) of sensory information.

◦ Iconic (visual) and echoic (auditory) varieties.

2. Short-Term/Working Memory
◦ Holds information temporarily (about 20–30 seconds without rehearsal).

◦ Capacity of approximately 7 ± 2 items.

◦ Working memory emphasizes active manipulation (e.g., mental arithmetic).

3. Long-Term Memory
◦ Relatively permanent storage with theoretically unlimited capacity.

Types of Long-Term Memory

• Explicit (Declarative)

◦ Semantic: Facts and general knowledge (e.g., “Paris is the capital of France”).

◦ Episodic: Personal events and experiences (e.g., rst day of college).

• Implicit (Nondeclarative)

◦ Procedural: Skills and habits (e.g., riding a bicycle).

◦ Priming, Classical Conditioning: Automatic in uences on behavior.

Memory Processes

• Encoding: Converting information into a form that can be stored.

• Storage: Maintaining information over time.

• Retrieval: Accessing stored information when needed.

Why People Forget


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• Decay: Fading of memory traces over time.

• Interference: Competition from other memories (proactive or retroactive).

• Retrieval Failure: Dif culty accessing information despite being stored.


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