Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD)
● Entity Relationship Diagrams are composed of 3 main categories: entities, attributes,
and relationships.
○ Entities are objects or concepts that are associated with important data—like a
customer, order, or product.
○ Attributes represent properties or traits of an entity, such as a customer’s phone
number or home address.
○ Relationships demonstrate the link between entities.
Figure 1.0 - Entity
Figure 1.1 - Entities and Attributes
Figure 1.2 - ERD Cardinality
● Cardinality further defines the relationship in a numerical context, particularly within
minimums and maximums.
● Cardinality refers to the maximum number of times an instance in one entity can relate to
instances of another entity. Ordinality, on the other hand, is the minimum number of
times an instance in one entity can be associated with an instance in the related entity.
Figure 1.3 - ERD Cardinality 1
Figure 1.4 - ERD Cardinality 2