Scribd
Upload
29 views6 pages

Determinants Guide

This document is a comprehensive guide to determinants, detailing various types such as triangular, diagonal, Vandermonde, and orthogonal matrices, along with examples for each type. It explains how to calculate determinants efficiently and serves as a reference for solving related problems. Additionally, it notes that matrices with repeated rows or columns have a determinant of zero.

Uploaded by

sgafnnsjfsgwt
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
29 views6 pages

Determinants Guide

This document is a comprehensive guide to determinants, detailing various types such as triangular, diagonal, Vandermonde, and orthogonal matrices, along with examples for each type. It explains how to calculate determinants efficiently and serves as a reference for solving related problems. Additionally, it notes that matrices with repeated rows or columns have a determinant of zero.

Uploaded by

sgafnnsjfsgwt
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Comprehensive Guide to Determinants

This document contains a detailed explanation of various types of determinants, including definitions

and multiple examples for each type.

The content covered in this guide will help you understand how to calculate determinants quickly

and efficiently, and it can be used as a reference for solving determinant-related problems.

1. Triangular Matrix Determinant

A triangular matrix is one where all the elements either above or below the main diagonal are zero.

- Upper triangular matrix: All elements below the diagonal are zero.

- Lower triangular matrix: All elements above the diagonal are zero.

The determinant of a triangular matrix is simply the product of its diagonal elements.

Examples:

1. Upper Triangular Matrix:

| 3 5 -1 |

|0 4 2|

|0 0 6|

Det = 3 * 4 * 6 = 72

2. Lower Triangular Matrix:

|3 0 0|

|2 5 0|
| 1 -4 6 |

Det = 3 * 5 * 6 = 90

3. Upper Triangular Matrix:

|2 5 3|

|0 4 6|

|0 0 7|

Det = 2 * 4 * 7 = 56

2. Diagonal Matrix Determinant

A diagonal matrix is one where all the off-diagonal elements are zero.

The determinant of a diagonal matrix is the product of the diagonal elements.

Examples:

1. Diagonal Matrix:

|2 0 0|

| 0 -5 0 |

|0 0 7|

Det = 2 * (-5) * 7 = -70

2. Diagonal Matrix:

|5 0 0|

| 0 -3 0 |
|0 0 2|

Det = 5 * (-3) * 2 = -30

3. Diagonal Matrix:

|1 0 0|

|0 4 0|

|0 0 3|

Det = 1 * 4 * 3 = 12

3. Vandermonde Matrix Determinant

A Vandermonde matrix is a matrix where the elements of each row are powers of the elements in

the first column.

The determinant of a Vandermonde matrix can be computed using a special formula:

Det = (b - a)(c - a)(c - b)

Examples:

1. Vandermonde Matrix:

|1 1 1|

|2 3 4|

| 4 9 16 |

Det = (3 - 2)(4 - 2)(4 - 3) = 1 * 2 * 1 = 2


2. Vandermonde Matrix:

|1 1 1|

|3 5 7|

| 6 25 49 |

Det = (5 - 3)(7 - 3)(7 - 5) = 2 * 4 * 2 = 16

3. Vandermonde Matrix:

|1 1 1|

|5 6 7|

| 25 36 49 |

Det = (6 - 5)(7 - 5)(7 - 6) = 1 * 2 * 1 = 2

4. Repeated Rows or Columns Determinant

If a matrix has two identical rows or columns, the determinant is always zero.

Examples:

1. Matrix with Repeated Rows:

|1 2 3|

|1 2 3|

|4 5 6|

Det = 0

2. Matrix with Repeated Columns:


|3 0 2|

|1 4 5|

|2 0 1|

Det = 0

3. Matrix with Identical Rows:

|1 2 3|

|1 2 3|

|4 5 6|

Det = 0

5. Orthogonal Matrix Determinant

An orthogonal matrix is a matrix whose transpose is equal to its inverse. The determinant of an

orthogonal matrix is always either 1 or -1.

Examples:

1. Orthogonal Matrix:

| 1/sqrt(2) 1/sqrt(2) |

| -1/sqrt(2) 1/sqrt(2) |

Det = -1

2. Orthogonal Matrix:

| 1 0|
| 0 1|

Det = 1

3. Orthogonal Matrix:

| 1 0|

| 0 -1 |

Det = -1

You might also like